Sec 05 - Safety System and Control Electronics

S4 EXPLORER & PIONEER Service Manual Safety System and Control Electronics
5 Safety System and Control Electronics
5 Safety System and Control Electronics ..................................................................5-1

Safety System ........................................................................................................................................ 5-1
Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 5-1
S4 Control Rack..................................................................................................................................... 5-1
Diagnostics Using the S4Tools............................................................................................................ 5-2
Problems With the Internal Cooling Unit ............................................................................................ 5-2
Figures.................................................................................................................................................... 5-3
S4 EXPLORER & PIONEER Service Manual Safety System and Control Electronics
5 Safety System and Control Electronics
Safety System
Relays K52/K53 Page 5-3
Relays K1/K2 Page 5-4
Side Panel Switches Page 5-5-6
Sample Seal Switches Page 5-7-8 and 10
Shunt Resistors and Rip Cord Page 5-9
Bypass of the Sample Seal Switches Page 5-11-12
Switch-Off Circuit Page 5-13-14
Control Commands ‚XON‘ and ‚XOFF‘ Page 5-15
HV-Turn On Sequence Page 5-16-18
X-Ray Warning Displays Page 5-19-20
Control of Sample Magazine Cover Page 5-21
Interfaces
Interface to the Internal Cooling Unit Page 5-22
Interface to the Solid State Relays Page 5-23
Control of Sample Magazine Cover Page 5-24
S4 Control Rack
Power Supplies Page 5-24
Power Bus and Disk Drives Page 5-25
Block Diagram Page 5-26
5-1
Safety System and Control Electronics S4 EXPLORER & PIONEER Service Manual
Diagnostics Using the S4Tools

Problems with the Radiation Safety System
\X-Ray\X-Ray Capture FF Page 5-27
\Control Board\Universal IO Board Page 5-28-34
Problems With the Internal Cooling Unit

\X-Ray\Warnings Page 5-35
\X-Ray\X-Ray Capture FF Page 5-36
\X-Ray\X-Ray Errors Page 5-37
5-2
S4 EXPLORER Service Manual Safety System and Control Electronics
Figures
5-3
Safety Circuit
(Part 2)
The relays K1 and K2 will open the safety lines if at least one or more of the following errors occur:
(1) One or both X-ray warning displays (‚X-rays ON') are not OK.
(2) An optionally attached external warning display is not OK.
(3) The two contactors K52 and K53 which are located inside the X-ray generator do not show the same switching state.
(4) The two control switches S659 and S660 which control the sample seal (front side) do not show the same switching state.
(5) The two control switches S661 and S662 which control the sample seal (rear side) do not show the same switching state.
(6) At least one of the switching contacts K52-1/K52-2 and K53-1/K53-2 sticks and does not open when the high voltage generator is enabled.
(7) The read-back contacts of relays K1 and K2 show different switching states.
5-4
Safety Circuit
(Part 3A)
S651-S658:
Switches S651 through S658 check if the

four side panels of the S4 spectrometer
are mounted correctly. If any of these
switches is interrupted because panels
are not attached the generation of high
voltage will be stopped immediately.
5-5
5-6
Safety Circuits
(Part 4A)
S659/S660:
Switches S659 and S660 control the position of the sample seal.
They are located at the front edge of the sample seal. They
guarantee that the generation of high voltage can only be enabled if
the sample seal has been closed correctly.
These two switches are permanently controlled by a special
hardware unit located on the printed circuit board ‚MIDI Universal
IO-Board' (C79298-A3220-B221). This unit is completely
implemented by hardware and compares the states of S659 and
S660. If the state of S659 and S660 differs the control unit will +24VG(HEATIMG MODE)
instantly interrupt the two safety lines by switching off the relays K1
and K2. Thus the generation of high voltage will be stopped
immediately.
S661/S662:
Switches S661 and S662 are located at the rear side of the sample
seal and check the position of the sample seal. They make sure
that the generation of high voltage can only be enabled if the
sample seal has been closed properly.
These two switches are permanently controlled by a special
hardware unit located on the printed circuit board ‚MIDI Universal
IO-Board' (C79298-A3220-B221). This unit is completely
implemented by hardware and compares the states of S661 and
S662. If the state of S661 and S662 differs the control unit will
instantly interrupt the two safety lines by switching off the relays K1
and K2. Thus the generation of high voltage will be stopped
immediately.
5-7
5-8
Safety Circuits
(Part 5)
R1, R4
The shunt resistors R1 and R4 are located on the printed circuit
board ‚Midi Disitribution Board' (C79298-A3220-B218) and are
inserted into both safety lines. The currents flowing through the
safety lines cause voltage drops across these resistors. These
voltages will be checked by hardware on the PCB called ‚Midi
Universal IO Board' (C79298-A3220-B221). This way illegal short
circuits of portions of the safety lines would be detected.
In case of an error the control logic would dis-able the generation of
high voltage immediate-ly. + 24VG(HEATING MODE)
Pull-Wire Switch:
The so-called pull wire switch is a cable which is connected to the
printed circuit board ‚MIDI Distribution board (C79298-A3220-B218),
the cover of the sample entry position and also to the screen of the
high voltage cable (X-ray tube). This cable connects safety line 1 with
ground level via the screen of the high voltage cable. Furthermore it
returns the supply voltage (24V) for safety line 2.
The pull wire switch has the following control functions:
·The cover of the sample entry position is mounted correctly.
The high voltage cable is properly attached to the X-ray tube.
The X-ray tube is inserted into the tube mount.
5-9
Safety Circuits
(Part 6)
S664 - S665:
Switches S664 and S665 are located at the front side of the sample seal and check the position
of the sample seal. They make sure that the high voltage generation unit can only be turned on
if the sample seal has been closed correctly.
5-10
5-11
The switching contacts called K52-1/K52-2 and K53-1/K53-2 have a special function. As long as the high voltage generation unit is disabled these contacts
will shorten the switches S659, S660, S661 and S662 which control the sample entry position. That way samples can be inserted into or removed from the
measu-ring position without interrupting the safety lines. If the high voltage generation unit gets enabled K52-1/K52-2 and K53-1/K53-2 will open and thus
activate S656, S660, S661 and S662.
5-12
5-13
Safety Circuits (Part 8B)
Switch-Off Circuit:
The so-called ’Switch-Off Circuit’ is controlled by firmware commands and is not part of the safety system, i.e. it has no radiation safety related functionality. If
there is a dangerous (but radiation safety is not affected!) system state the firmware can turn off the high voltage generator by opening the Switch-Off Circuit
(Example: Temperature of cooling water is too high). As soon as the illegal condition has disappeared the firmware will close the Switch-Off Circuit and the
previous measurement task will be continued. As long as the Switch-Off Cicuit is open the orange status LED display will flash periodically.
The following error conditions will cause an opening of the Switch-Off circuit by firmware:
Case 1 The spectrometer S4 Explorer is in ‚Measurement Stand-By Mode', i.e. the key switch has not been turned into position ‚X-Rays ON' yet.
Case 2 A so-called ‚alarm' related with the X-ray generator and the water cooling unit has been detected. (see ‚Alarm Flags' or ‚Instrument Flags' of the
X-ray generator, chapter ‚Control Software/Firmware Commands').
Reasons for such an alarm could be:
1. At least one of the sensor values for temperature, flow, conductivity and fill height of the deionized cooling water is outside the legal
operation range. The minimum and maximum values for these sensors are defined in the configuration file called DEVICE.INI (see section
[WATER]).
2. The fan of the water cooling unit signals an alarm, i.e. it does not rotate.
3. A so-called ‚error' of the X-ray generator has been detected (see ‚Error Flags' or ‚Instrument Fault Flags' of the X-ray generator, chapter
‚Control Software/Firmware Commands').
Reasons for such an error are:
- The sensor value for the temperature of the cooling water is less than 1 degree Celcius or is greater than 99 degree Celcius.
- The sensor value for the flow of the cooling water is less than 0.5 l/min or is greater than 9.9 l/min.
- The sensor value for the conductivity of the cooling water is less than 0.05 uS or is greater than 4.9uS.
4. A so-called ‚System Error' is pending (see Instrument Alarm Flags, chapter ‚Control Software/Firmware Commands')
5. At least one of the supply voltages of the control electronics is not present (see Instrument Alarm Flags, chapter ‚Control Software/Firmware
Commands')
5-14
5-15
Safety Circuit (Part 10A)
Turning the key switch to the right:

’Measurement Stand-by Mode ON’:
Keep pressing the key in the right switch position (READY) so long, until the orange status display begins to
flash. The spectrometry system is now in measurement stand-by mode, i.e. samples may now be
transferred inside and be analyzed.
The measurement stand-by mode is not accepted, if a system alarm is active.
Note:
Samples can only be inserted or removed when the system is in measurement stand-by mode.
Turning the key switch to the left:

Measurment stand-by mode OFF:
During larger measuring breaks or before switching off the system the measument stand-by mode should
be left. For this purpose keep holding the key in the left switch position, until the orange illuminated display
is off.
Protection against unauthorized operation:

In order to avoid unauthorized persons using the spectrometer system, especially the X-ray generation, the
key of the key switch can be removed.
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S4-Control Rack 2
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S4 EXPLORER & PIONEER Service Manual Safety System and Control Electronics

5 Safety System and Control Electronics

5 Safety System and Control Electronics ..................................................................5-1

5 Safety System and Control Electronics

Diagnostics Using the S4Tools

Problems With the Internal Cooling Unit

Switches S651 through S658 check if the

Safety Circuits (Part 8B)

Reasons for such an alarm could be:

Safety Circuit (Part 10A)

Turning the key switch to the right:

Turning the key switch to the left:

Protection against unauthorized operation:

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