AGRI CSE Paper 1 BREAKDOWN: 2009-2016

ECOLOGY
TOPICS 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009

Phytostabilisat How are the Discuss Suggest measures What are principal Importance Bring out the What do you
ion 10m agro the which can help to agricultural regions? Give of agro possible impact of understand by
Ecology climatic ecological meet major importance of intercropping ecological climate change on sustainable
Discuss the zones principles challenges in system. factors in Indian agriculture?
global determined? to develop agriculture and land use agriculture. What Compare it with
initiatives and 10m productive food security for planning 15m are the possible intensive
international Elaborate and stabilizing crop Why are agroecosystems mitigation agriculture and
conventions on the sustainabl yields. 10m losing diversity? Give options? discuss in
climate change environmen e characteristics of crop- land Enlist the Comment on any detail the
.What does tal ecosystem Differentiate and ecosystem. green house National and for management
NICRA stand pollutions s. 10m elaborate Photo gases. How International practices in
for? What are along with periodism and What is thedifference can agri Regulatory sustainable
the initiatives the role of Explain Thermoperiodism between effect climate Mechanisms in Agriculture.
taken by afforestatio indian 10m modernandsustainableagricul change? this regard. 60m
Indian govt. in n in efforts ture?Giveresource Describe the
this regard? minimizing towards What are the management forsustainable importance of
20m their effects environme impacts of climate agriculture carbon Comment on the
20m ntal change in sequestration. use of Remote
Agroforestry problems agriculture ? How (5+17+18=40 Sensing and
and Intensive at can the impacts be What is subsistence ) Geographic
agrostology agriculture internation mitigated in crop agroforestry system? Information
10m Vs. al level. environment? 20m Describe Taungya System (GIS)
sustainanble 10m cultivation. in
agriculture Protected agricultural
Protected 10m agriculture 10m planning.15m
agriculture What are
10m Agroforestr suitable Green house effect
y and agroecolo and global
agrostology gical warming 10m
10m manageme
Describe nt Define
agricultural strategies? sustainable
regions of 10m agriculture .what
India 10m are the criteria of
Ecological sustainability in
Effect of concept of agriculture

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 El- nino , its productivi systems ? what are
causes, and ty 20m the various
impact on approaches to
Indian Define the achieve
agriculture. theory of sustainability? 5
15m tolerance +10= 15m
and relate
it to the
principles Advantages of
of plant integrated farming
distributio system? Discuss
n and about resource
adaptation recycling in
. 20m different
integrated farming
What are system in india.
important 10m
features of
xerophyte Discuss climatic
for parameters in
ecological relation to agro
adaptation ecosystem. What
? 10m are the major
threats to agro
What are ecosystem? 10m
the major
causes of What is Remote
global sensing ? How can
warming? we use it in
10m agriculture? 10m
How are
agroforest Ley farming 10m
ry
plantation
is helpful
to
farmers?
20m
Agronomy INM Vs Discuss Crop Discuss about indigenous Write short Write short
IPM 10m the diversification technical knowledge (lTK) notes on the notes on 20 m
manageme 10m and its importance. Different following in each - Tillage,
INM Vs IPM Needs and nt of methods of about 150 words Seed

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10m techniques wheat Intercropping Write short notes on the planting each : 15x4=60 Dormancy,
of forage paddy 10m following in about 150 words sugarcane Mulching and
conservatio cropping Value addition in agriculture 20m a) Potential Cover Crops
n 15m system of
having organic
Explain forecast of What do you understand by farming
multiple poor rain. degraded land? Discuss the in North- Differentiate
cropping , 10m strategies for rehabilitation Eastern between the
its of such land India following
significance Discuss b) Harnessi terms:10m
and the Differentiate between the ng Cropping
constraints importanc following Intensification synergy Scheme and
experienced e of and Diversification of between Cropping
by farmers. organic agriculture 15m water Pattern
15m farming Differentiate between the and
with following Cropping system nutrients
Is curing in respect to and Cropping pattern 15m for high
tobacco nutrirional crop
beneficial ? value producti
Describe addition. vity
the various 10m c) Major
curing constrain
processes ts in
adopted in Discuss Rice-
tobacco the impact Rice and
growing of short Rice-
regions of duration Wheat
India. 20m and long cropping
duration system
Why is varieties in India
crop on d) Scope
diversificati deteriorati and
on more on of soil limitatio
beneficial health. ns of
than 20m cultivati
traditional on of
monocultur sorghum
e system? Describe and
20m the sugarcan
package of e
Compare practices
direct for

3
 seeding and production
transplantin of pigeon (a)In the
g of Rice. pea. 20m context of
10m Integrated
Farming System
(IFS), describe
feasible
Enterprise
diversification for
dry land areas
with special
reference to
small
landholdings.30

b. What are the

management
strategies for
tackling the major
soil-related
constraints in
agricultural
production?
Weed Explain Discuss the Describe Persistence of What is crop-weed Biological Herbicide
science critical period factors biological weeds 12.5 m competition? Give principles weed control Residue
for crop weed affecting weed Mode of of integrated weed Management
competition efficacy of control herbicidal action management. Selective and
with suitable herbicides with 10m non selective
eg. 20m suitable herbicides
example.
List the factors Approaches 10m Write about the What are the factors of
affecting of factors of herbicide selectivity? Briefly
efficacy of biological Write the development of discuss about selective
herbicides weed importanc herbicide herbicides for rice and
10m control with e of resistence in wheat. 15m
suitable eg. quarantine weeds. What are
15m check of the management What is crop-weed
Elaborate weed options. 15m competition? Give
the seeds in principles of integrated weed
problems of importing Discuss the management. 15m
residual food factors affecting
toxicity of grain. 10m crop weed

4
 herbicide competition .what
and its Describe do you mean by
managemen crop- critical period of
t 10m weed crop weed
competitio competition? 10m
n. 20m
Differentiate and
elaborate Relative
weed and
obnoxious weed
10m
Extension Discuss the Elaborate What is How is evaluation What is private extension? Kisan call Despite existence Training for
various and the role of an essential part of Give agencies involved in centre (15m) of Human
methods of differentiate agricultura any extension this type of technology KrishiVigyanKen Resource
evaluation of Frontline l programme. ? dissemination. 15m dras in most of Development
extension demonstrati technolog State its What is the districts, it is
programmes. on Vs. y advantages in extension argued that only
Discuss the Method Managem brief. 10m Differentiate between the programme selective
significance of Demonstrati ent following: Result planning? technologies have KrishiVigyanK
SHGs for rural on 10m Agency as Differentiate and demonstration and Method Explain gone to endras (KVKs)
development a elaborate group demonstration principles ultimate clients.
with Importance convergin discussion and and steps of Evaluate this
successful eg. of g agency? buzz session 10m Differentiate between the extension argument and
krishivigya Expllain broad following: Self-help groups programme enumerate the
Role of krishi n Kendra in How is based extension and Farmer interest group planning. constraints in the
vigyan Kendra the context new 12.5 m How will you dissemination of
10m of rural technolog Write short notes on the evaluate an technologies.
livelihood y assessed Explain kisan following in about 150 words extension 20+10=30
10m and credit card 12.5 m Emerging concepts of programme?
Define refined? transfer of technology (5+15+10= Comment
agriextension . Why is 20m 30m) on the
Differentiate broad based process of
btwn extension Describe technology What is evaluation of
Extension (BBE) Who are assessment and refinement expert programmes
education and multidirecti the target through institution-village system? How extension.15
formal onal ? What groups in linkage programmes 15m can it help in
education. diificulties agricultura diisemination
Discuss its arise in its l extension Differentiate between the information
importance in implementa ? State the following Krishi Vigyan to farmers
agricultural tion? mechanis Kendra and Agricultural across the
development. 15m m to reach Technology Information country in the
20m such Centre 15m scarce

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 groups. situation of
20m human and
financial
resources to
extension?
(10+20=
30m)
Economics Farm Discuss the Enumerate Discuss briefly the Crop Role and Discuss the
and management farm the challenges in What is farm budgeting? insurance importance of prospects and
marketing and farm managemen procedure agricultural Discuss different types of (15m) Farm problems of
planning 10m t problems in marketing system. farm budgeting 15m What is the Management Contract
Kisan credit in indian developin State the importance of under changing farming. What
card 10m context. g farm advantages of Agricultural rural farm Government
Discuss the 10m budget supply chain What are the major marketing? scenario12 interventions
concept of and plan. management. 10m problems of agricultural Explain the are required
market How is 10m marketing in India? 15m physical and Cooperative for success of
intelligence contract Explain What are the uses institutional farming in the contract
and explain the farming the of farm planning infrastructure context of farming in
various playing an mechanis and budgeting ? Write short notes on the of marketing subdivision and India? 60m
prolems in agri important m of Discuss the steps following in about 150 words and fragmentation of
marketing in role in fixation of to be followed in Steps in farm planning and marketing land-holdings 12
India 10m agrifood minimum farm planning and budgeting intelligence.
Importance chain in the support budgeting. 10m (10+20=30) Role of Self-Help
principles in indian prices of Groups in rural
farm context? agricultura Principle of Role of Self- development 12
management l products. limited capital and Help Groups
20m Role of 20m opportunity cost in rural
Cooperative 10m development Discuss the status
Discuss the marketing Why 15 of unemployment
mechanism of 10m marketing and disguised
fixation of informatio unemployment in
MSP of n is Indian
agricultural considered agricultu
products 10m important re.30
in
agricultura
l
marketing
? Discuss Enumerate
the status the
of market major problems
intelligenc of Indian

6
 e in India. agricultural
20 m marketing.
Explain
various
manageme
nt tools in Describe the
farm importance of
planning. crop insurance in
10m managing risk
agricultural
production.20

Comment on
the
methodology
of socio-
economi
c survey in
India. 10

Highlight the
importance
of farm
planning and
budgeting in
resource
allocation and
cost
minimization.10

Soil science Discuss the How is soil What are Enumerate the What is water quality INM for Comment on soil Name the
significance of erosion the factors influencing classification? Describe the sustainable test based nutrient essential
quality of caused? important the soil erosion. hazards arising out of water agriculture recommendations elements
irrigation soil Classify and quality. 15m (15m) for crops and required by
water and rain How does animals? discuss briefly their adoption by plants. What
water soil acidity Write their various types of Describe the potassium Differentiate farmers.15 are the sources
harvesting for affect the contributi erosion. 10m fixation in soil and factors between ( of these
crop crops?10m ons to soil. affecting it. 10m each) Differentiate elements? How
productivity. 10m Differentiate and 1. Sheet between green are they lost
10m Differentiat elaborate Bio-drainage and Horizontal erosion and manuring and from the soil
e and How does Gravitational drainage rill erosion biofertilizers for and what are

7
elaborate industrial water and 2. Organic crop production. the measures to
Lime effluent hygroscopic water and inorganic 15 maintain their
requirement affect soil 10m Describe the factors colloids of status in the
Vs. and water? responsible for soil erosion soil Management of soil? 10+
Leaching Enumerat Differentiate and and agronomic measures to 3. Chemical industrial 10+20+20=60
Requiremen the elaborate control it 15m and bio effluents in
t 10m emethods inorganic and bio fertilizers checking soil and Differentiate
of effluent fertilizers 10m Write short notes on the 4. water pollution 12 between the
Discuss manageme following in about 150 words Mineralizatio following terms
nitrogen nt in What are the Soil factors affecting n and Differentiate (10 marks each)
transformati agriculture causes of soil greenhouse gases emission immobilizati between active a. . Soil Texture
on and its . 20m degradation and on and passive and Soil
managemen pollution ? What Name the important factors of soil Structure
t in What do measures amybe minerals found in different Principles of formation.15
submerged you adopted to control rocks. Describe chemical treatment of b. Organic
soil for rice understan soil pollution? weathering of soil. industrial Matter and
production. d by slow 15m effluents for Mineral Matter
20m release Explain factors Briefly discuss different irrigation
nitrogen affecting soil aspects of integrated nutrient purpose Write short
What from structure 12.5 m management and its (15m) notes on Soil
benefits are nitrogenou limitations Fertility and
derived s Soil
from fertilizers? Differentiate between the Productivity
organic What is its following Chelates and 20m
matter in importanc Boron carriers 15m
soil? 10m e? 20m

Give the Discuss saline

criteria for and alkaline
essentiality soils under the
of plant following
nutrients . subheads; 60m
List the
(a)Classificatio
essential
n and
mineral
characteristics
elements
required in (b)Causes of
plant formation
nutrition.
State the (c)Remedial
principal measures
functions of

8
 N, P, K, Ca,
Mg and S
20m

Concept of
soil
moisture
constraints.
Write a role
and
availability
of moisture
to plants.
15m

Elaborate
the ways
increase
fertilizer
use
efficiency.
20m

SWC Explain soil Why is What are What is scientific Water distribution efficiency Surface and Minimizing run- Differentiate
conservation watershed the irrigation and Water use sub surface off losses of between the
methods and managemen various scheduling efficiency in agriculture irrigation irrigation water following terms
IWM t important drainage criteria? What is (15m) 12 (6 marks each)
approach. in dryland systems ? critical stage Briefly discuss about runoff Field Capacity
What is soil agriculture? Discuss approach in harvesting and recycling on What are and Water-
erosion 10m their scheduling watershed basis Explain the holding
?discuss the benefits. irrigation? 10m fertigation various water Capacity
methods of 10m Explain in 150 Write short notes on the giving its conservation
managing soil words watershed following in about 150 words merits . Give practices that can Water
erosion. 20m Write a management 10m Conservation furrow suitable be used in rainfed Requirement
note on fertilizers of agriculture? 20 and Irrigation
Describe how rainwater major Requirement
irrigation is harvesting Briefly discuss about soil nutrients used Bring out
scheduled in and management under water in fertigation the Water-use
critical stage recharge stress condition. through geographic Efficiency and
of crop of ground micro status of Irrigation
growth. 10m water. irrigation 15 groundwater

9
 10m What is permanent wilting + 15=30 availability in Efficiency
Explain how How to point (PWP)? Describe India.15
industrial increase surge-flow irrigation. Write short Write short
effluents affect water notes on notes about
soil and water absorption What is water harvesting? mportance of Scheduling
pollution. and Why in modem-day available soil Irrigation 20 m
What retention agriculture is it becoming moisture in
measures can capacity increasingly significant? irrigation
be taken to of soil? water
reduce this 10m management( What is micro-
impact? 20m 15m) irrigation and
what are its
Differentiate advantages
between Exlpain compared to
Rainfed integrated conventional
agriculture and water shed methods of
irrigated management irrigation?
agriculture. as Describe the
List out the hydrological important
major unit. Describe micro-irrigation
problems of the principles systems with
rainfed and respect to their
agriculture.De objectives of pros and cons,
scribe the watershed the precautions
various soil management. in their use and
moisture Describe the the cropping
conservation benefits and situations.60m
measures to causes of
boost crop deterioration
production in of watershed.
rainfed (5+10+15=30
farming.20m m)

Explain
Problems of
water logged
soils 15m
Residual
Sodium
Carbonate in
irrigation
water 15 m

10
 Criteria for
scheduling
irrigation
(15m)

11