Element On Music PDF

Elements of Music
Part I
w
q
bb h q
&
Written by; Paul Alexander

Name_______________________ Date____________________
The Staff - High and Low

w
Notes that are higher on the staff have a higher
sound or pitch.
w
This note sounds higher than this note.
________________________________________________________________________________
1. Draw a note on the indicated line or space, then circle the highest note you drew on the staff.
Space 1 Space 4 Line 3 Line 4 Space 1 Space 3 Line 5 Line 2
2. Draw a note on the indicated line or space, then circle the lowest note you drew on the staff.
Line 5 Space 3 Line 1 Space 1 Space 4 Line 3 Line 2 Space 2
w
3. Circle the higher note in each pair.
w w
w w w w w w w w w
w w
4. Circle the lower note in each pair.
w w w w w w w
w w w
w
5. By using H (higher) and L (lower) indicate wheather the first note of each pair
w w w w
sounds higher or lower than the second note.
w w w w w w w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
Name_______________________ Date____________________
The Staff
5 4
The musical staff is made up of five lines and 4 3
four spaces. Lines and spaces are both 3 2
numbered from low to high. 2 1
1
________________________________________________________________________________
1. Practice drawing two staffs by connecting the dots.

Use a ruler to help draw straight lines.
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
2. On the first staff, number the lines from low to high.
3. On the second staff, number the spaces from low to high.
4. Draw a note on each line of the staff below. 5. Draw a note on each space of the staff below.
Name_______________________ Date____________________
The Staff - High and Low

w
Notes that are higher on the staff have a higher
sound or pitch.
w
This note sounds higher than this note.
________________________________________________________________________________
1. Draw a note on the indicated line or space, then circle the highest note you drew on the staff.
Space 1 Space 4 Line 3 Line 4 Space 1 Space 3 Line 5 Line 2
2. Draw a note on the indicated line or space, then circle the lowest note you drew on the staff.
Line 5 Space 3 Line 1 Space 1 Space 4 Line 3 Line 2 Space 2
w
3. Circle the higher note in each pair.
w w
w w w w w w w w w
w w
4. Circle the lower note in each pair.
w w w w w w w
w w w
w
5. By using H (higher) and L (lower) indicate wheather the first note of each pair
w w w w
sounds higher or lower than the second note.
w w w w w w w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
Name_______________________ Date____________________
The Staff - Treble Clef

A clef appears at the beginning of
each staff. The clef shown here is a &
w w
treble clef.
w w
Each note on the treble clef staff has
a letter name.
&w w w w w
E F G A B C D E F
________________________________________________________________________________
1. Practice drawing the treble clef sign by tracing over the guidelines. Draw five more in the remaining space.
w
Start here
w w w
2. Draw a treble clef at the beginning of the staff and write the letter name of each note.
w w w w w w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
3. Draw the treble clef at the beginning of the staff and then draw the notes indicated.
If a note can be drawn in more than one place on the staff, choose which one you want to draw.
A C E F D B A F D G
w w
4. Draw the treble clef at the beginning of the staff.
w w w w
Write the letter name for each note, then circle the higher note in each pair.
w w w w w w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
w w w
5. Draw the treble clef at the beginning of the staff.
w w w
Write the letter name for each note, then circle the lower note in each pair.
w w w w w w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
Name_______________________ Date____________________
The Staff - Bass Clef

A clef appears at the beginning of
each staff. The clef shown here is a
?
w w
bass clef.
? w w w w
Each note on the bass clef staff has
a letter name. w w w
G A B C D E F G A
________________________________________________________________________________
1. Practice drawing the bass clef sign by tracing over the guidelines. Draw five more in the remaining space.
w w w w w w
2. Draw a bass clef at the beginning of the staff and write the letter name of each note.
w w w w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
3. Draw the bass clef at the beginning of the staff and then draw the notes indicated.
If a note can be drawn in more than one place on the staff, choose which one you want to draw.
C A E D F G B C D G
w w w w w
4. Draw the bass clef at the beginning of the staff.
w w w w
Write the letter name for each note, then circle the higher note in each pair.
w w w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
w w w
5. Draw the bass clef at the beginning of the staff.
w w w
Write the letter name for each note, then circle the lower note in each pair.
w w w w w w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Treble Clef - Ledger Lines
w w w w
Ledger lines can be used to extend the upper
and lower ranges of a staff.
&
w w w w
This example includes notes which can be
written above and below the treble clef using
ledger lines.
A B C D G A B C
________________________________________________________________________________
w w
w w
w w w w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
w w w
w w
w w w w
w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
w
3. Draw the indicated notes. Use ledger lines to draw the specified number of pitches without duplication.
w
Example
& & &

w
3 Cs 2 Ds 3 As
& & &

2 Es 2 Fs 3 Bs
& &
2 Gs 3 Cs
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Bass Clef - Ledger Lines
w w w w
Ledger lines can be used to extend the upper
?
and lower ranges of a staff.
w w w w
This example includes notes which can be
written above and below the bass clef using
ledger lines.
C D E F B C D E
________________________________________________________________________________
w w
w w
w w w w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
w w w w
w w
w w w w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
w
3. Draw the indicated notes. Use ledger lines to draw the specified number of pitches without duplication.
? w ? ?
Example
3 Cs
w 3 Ds 2 As
? ? ?
2 Bs 2 Fs 2 Bs
? ?
2 Gs 3 Cs
Name_______________________ Date____________________
The Grand Staff

w w w w
The grand staff is created by joining the treble staff and the bass staff with a brace and bar line.
wwww w
brace
& w
wwwww
? w w w w w
wwww
bar line
wwwww
C D E F G A B C D E F G A B C D E F G A B C D E F G A B C
________________________________________________________________________________
1. Practice creating the grand staff by tracing the braces, bar lines, and clefs.
2. Using the staffs below, create four grand staffs by adding braces, bar lines, and clefs.
3. Write the letter name for each note.
& w w
w w
w w w w
?
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
4
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Time Signatures - 4
& 44
Time signatures appear at the
beginning of a piece of music The top number indicates the number of beats per measure.
music. They are made up of two The bottom number indicates which note will get one beat.
numbers.
A quarter note ( q ) = 1 beat
4
In 4 time there are four beats in each measure. A half note ( h ) = 2 beats
A whole note ( w ) = 4 beats
________________________________________________________________________________
1. Clap the rhythm while counting the beats out loud.
44
œ œ œ œ w ˙ ˙ œ œ œ œ ˙ œ œ w
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
44
2. Write the count below the notes and then clap the rhythm while counting the beats out loud.
œ œ œ œ ˙ œ œ œ œ ˙ œ œ œ œ ˙ ˙ w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
4
3. Write a 4 time signature after the clef sign.
Write the count below the notes and then clap the rhythm while counting the beats out loud.
& œ œ ˙ œ œ ˙ œ œ œ œ ˙ ˙ w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
4
Write in the count below the notes.
? œ œ œœ œ œ ˙ œ œ ˙ œ œ ˙ œ œ œ œ w
Draw the missing bar lines.
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ______ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
& 44 œ ˙
5. Write in the count below the notes and add the missing barlines.
œ ˙ œ œ œ ˙ œ ˙ œ œ w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Rests
Rests are used in music to indicate silence.
& 44 Œ Œ Œ Œ Ó
A quarter rest ( Œ ) = 1 beat
A half rest ( ) = 2 beats
A whole rest ( ) = 4 beats
Ó !
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
________________________________________________________________________________
1. Practice drawing quarter rests by tracing over the outlines.
& 44
Draw four quarter rests in each blank measure.
? 44 Ó
2. Draw two half rests in each blank measure.
? 44
3. Draw one whole rest in each blank measure.
44 Œ Œ Œ Œ
4. Write the count below the rests.
! Ó Ó Œ Œ Œ Œ Ó Œ Œ !
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
44
5. Write the count below the notes and rests, then clap and count the rhythm out loud.
œ œ Ó Œ Œ œ œ ˙ Ó ! œ œ œ Œ Œ œ ˙
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
& 44 œ œ œ Œ
6. Write the count below the notes and rests, then add the missing bar lines.
œ œ œ Œ œ œ Ó Œ œ œ
œ w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Notes and Rests
A quarter note ( q ) = 1 beat A quarter rest ( Œ ) = 1 beat

Complete these exercises.
A half note ( h ) = 2 beats A half rest ( ) = 2 beats
A whole note ( w ) = 4 beats A whole rest ( ) = 4 beats
Make sure each measure contains four beats.
________________________________________________________________________________
1. Each measure in the next two exercises is missing one rest.

Complete each measure by adding the appropriate rest.
A & 44 œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ
4 œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ
B &4
œ ˙ œ
œ œ œ Œ
2. This song is missing bar lines. Fill in the missing barlines
? 44 œ œ œ Œ œ œ ˙
3. Some of the measures in this song are missing a rest. Complete each measure by adding the appropriate rest.
& 44 œ œ ˙ œ ˙
Remember, some measures are complete.
œ œ w
œ ˙
& 44
4. Fill in the missing rests. Some measures are missing more than one rest.
œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ ˙ œ œ ˙
? 44 œ œ œ œ œ œ œ
!
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Stems
Stems are used to help determine what It is important to draw stems on the proper side of the
rhythmic value a note will have. By adding a notehead and draw them in the proper direction. Notes
stem to an open notehead you change the that appear on or above the middle staff line have
value of the note from a whole note to a half downward stems drawn on the left side of the notehead.
note
Notes that appear below the middle staff line have upward
˙ ˙ ˙
stems drawn on the right side of the notehead.
„=4 Ó=2
˙ ˙ ˙ ˙
˙
________________________________________________________________________________
˙ œ œ
1. Practice drawing stems by adding the proper stem to each notehead.
& 44 œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ ˙
œ œ ˙
? 44 œ œ œ œ œ œ œ
2. Practice drawing stems by adding the proper stem to each notehead.
œ œ œ œ œ
œ œ
& 44 œ œ œ œ œ œ
3. Some of these stems are drawn incorrectly. Circle the incorrect stems.
œ œ œ œ œ œ ˙
œ œ œ œ œ
œ
4. Some of these stems are drawn incorrectly. Circle the incorrect stems.
?4 œ œ œ œ œ ˙
4 œ œ
œ
5. Some of these notes are missing stems. Add stems where needed.
& 44 ˙
Make sure that each measure has four beats.
˙ œ œ ˙ ˙ œ œ w
? 44 ˙ œ œ
6. Some of these notes are missing stems. Add stems where needed.
˙ ˙ œ œ ˙
Make sure that each measure has four beats.
w
3
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Time Signatures - 4
? 43 3
In 4 time there are three beats in each measure.
The quarter note gets one beat. A quarter note ( q ) = 1 beat
Rhythmic values A half note ( h ) = 2 beats
A dotted half note ( h . ) = 3 beats
The dotted half note gets three beats. h . = 3 beats
________________________________________________________________________________
43 œ œ œ
˙. ˙ œ œ œ œ œ ˙ ˙.
1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
43 œ œ œ
˙ œ œ ˙ ˙. œ œ œ ˙.
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
3
œ œ œ
? œ œ œ ˙ œ ˙
œ ˙.
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
3
4. Write a 4 time signature after the clef sign. Write in the count below the notes. Draw the missing bar lines.
? ˙ œ ˙ œ œ œ ˙
œ ˙.
œ
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
& 43 œ œ œ
˙ œ ˙ œ ˙. œ œ œ ˙.
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Eighth Notes
The rhythmic value of an eighth notes is one half
of a beat. Eighth notes may be written with a flag or Use a plus sign (+) when writing the count for
eighth notes.
j j j j
a beam. If an eighth note appears by itself, it will
œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ
have a flag. If two or more eight notes appear in
j
a row, they will often be beamed together.
œ œ œ œ œ
flag beam
eighth 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 +
notes spoken: one and two and three and four and
________________________________________________________________________________
44
1. Clap the rhythm while counting out loud.
œœœœ˙ œœœœ˙ œ œ œœœ œœœœ˙

1 + 2 + 3 4 1 + 2 + 3 4 1 2 3 + 4 1 + 2 + 3 4
2. Write the count below the notes and then clap the rhythm while counting out loud.
44
œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ ˙ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ ˙
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
œ œ œ œ œ
& 43 œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ ˙.
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
? 43 ˙ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ
œ œ œ
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
& 44 ˙ .
5. Write in the count below the notes and then add the missing barlines.
œ œ œ ˙ œ œ ˙. œ œ w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
2
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Time Signatures - 4
& 42
2
In 4 time there are two beats in each measure.
The quarter note gets one beat.
An eighth note ( e ) = 1/2 beat
Rhythmic values A quarter note ( q ) = 1 beat
A half note ( h ) = 2 beats
________________________________________________________________________________
42 œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ ˙ œ œ œ ˙
1 2 1 + 2 + 1 2 1 2 1 2 + 1 2
42 œ œ œ œ
œ œ œ œ œ ˙ œ œ œ ˙
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
2
& œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ ˙
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
2
& ˙ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ
œ œ œ œ ˙
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
& 42 œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ
œ œ œ œ
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Eighth Notes and Eighth Rests

The rhythmic value of an eighth rest is one half Use a plus sign (+) when writing the count for
eighth notes and eighth rests.
j ‰ j ‰
of a beat.
An eighth rest ( ‰ ) = 1/2 beat

œ œ œ œ œ
An eighth note ( e ) = 1/2 beat 1 + 2 + 3 4 +
spoken: one and two and three four and
________________________________________________________________________________
44 j ‰ j‰ j‰ ‰ j‰ j
œ œœœ œ œœœ œ œ œ Œ œœœ œ œ ˙

1 + 2 + 3 4 1 + 2 3 + 4 1 2 3 + 4 + 1 + 2 + 3 4
44 j‰ j‰ ‰ œj œ ‰ œj œ œ ˙ j‰ j‰
œœœœœ œ ˙ œ œ ˙
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
? 42 œ ‰ œJ œ ‰ œ œ ‰ œ ‰ œ Œ œ ‰ ‰ œ œ œ œ
J J J J J
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
4. Some eighth notes are missing their flags or beams. Draw the missing flags and beams.
& 43 ˙ ‰ œ ˙ œ œ œ œ ˙ ‰
œ ˙
& 44 œ œ œ œ ˙
5. Write in the count below the notes and then add the missing barlines.
‰ œJ œ œ ˙ œœœœœ Œ Œ ‰ œj œ
œœ
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
? 44 ˙ œœœœ œœœœ˙ ‰ œ‰ œ‰ œ‰œ ‰ œ œ œ ˙

6. Some eighth notes are missing their flags or beams. Draw the missing flags and beams.
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Intervals I
In music, an interval is the distance between two notes.
A melodic interval is the distance between two notes shich are played one at a time.
A harmonic interval is the distance between two notes which are played at the same time.
& w w w œ w w œœ w w œ w
w œœœ w œ œ
Melodic Intervals
w œ œ œ wœ œ œ
2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th
? 44 ww ww ww ww w w
w w
Harmonic Intervals
5th 6th 7th
2nd 3rd 4th
&w w & w œœ œœœœ w

The interval between two The interval of an
identical notes is called eighth is called an
a unison. unison
octave.
octave
(8th)
________________________________________________________________________________
ww
& ww w
1. Identify the following intervals as melodic (M) or harmonic (H).
w w w w w ww w
w w w
H ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
2. Name these melodic intervals.
˙ ˙ ˙ ˙ ˙ ˙ ˙ ˙
&˙ ˙ ˙ ˙
˙___
˙ ˙ ˙
ww
5th unison ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
? ww w ww ww w ww w
w
3. Name these harmonic intervals.
w w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
?w w w w
4. Write the indicated harmonic interval above the given note.
w w w w
5th 3rd unison octave 2nd 4th 5th 7th
w
&w w w w w w w
3rd 5th 4th 6th unison 7th octave 4th
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Intervals II
Use this chart to help complete the exercises below.
& ww ww ww w w w
unison w
w 2nd
ww 3rd 4th 5th w 6th w 7th
w octave
________________________________________________________________________________
w w
1. Name these harmonic intervals.
& 44 ww w w ww ww ww
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
˙ ˙ ˙
& 44 ˙ ˙ ˙ ˙
2. Name these melodic intervals.
˙ ˙ ˙
˙ ˙
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
? 43 ˙
3. Name these intervals.
œ ˙˙ .. ˙ ˙. ˙. ˙˙ ..
œ ˙. ˙.
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
? 44 w w w
w w
unison 2nd 3rd 6th octave w
3rd
w w w
5. Write the indicated harmonic interval below the given note.
4
&4 w w w
4th 5th 3rd unison 2nd 6th
? 44
w w w w
w w
octave 3rd 7th 5th 3rd 6th
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Intervals III
4
&4 œ œ œ œ œ œ ˙
Identify the intervals used in these exercises.
˙
3rd 3rd 2nd 3rd 2nd
˙˙
3rd
? 44 ww
Name the melodic intervals used in the treble clef
˙
and the harmonic intervals used in the bass clef.
3rd 6th 3rd
________________________________________________________________________________
& 44 œ œ œ
1.
œ œ œ ˙ œ œ œ ˙ ˙
œ
? 4 ww ˙˙ .. œ ˙˙
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
4 ww œ ˙˙
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
4 ˙
2.
&4 œ œ œ ˙ ˙ œ œ œ œ
œ ˙
˙.
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
?4 w ˙˙ ˙˙ œœ ˙ ˙˙
4 ˙. ˙
w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
œ
& 44 ˙ . ˙. œ œ
3.
œ œ œ w
˙˙ ˙˙ ˙ ˙ ˙ ___ ˙˙ ˙
? 44 ˙ ˙
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
˙ ˙ ˙
˙
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
3 œ œ œ œ œ
4.
&4 œ œ œ œ œ œ ˙.
˙
˙ .. ˙. ˙˙ .. ˙.
?3
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
4 ˙. ˙.
___ ___ ___ ___
6
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Time Signatures - 8
& 68
6
In 8 time there are six beats in each measure. A sixteenth note ( x ) = 1/2 beat
The eighth note gets one beat. An eighth note ( e ) = 1 beat
Rhythmic values A quarter note ( q ) = 2 beats
A dotted quarter note ( q . ) = 3 beats
A dotted half note ( h . ) = 6 beats
________________________________________________________________________________
68 j j
œ. œ œ œ œ œ œ œœœ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ.
1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 + 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 5 6
68 j j j
œœœœ œ œœ œ œ œ œ œœœœœ œ œ œ œ œ.
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
6
œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ. œ œœœ œ œ œ.
Write the count below the notes and then clap the rhythm while counting out loud.
& J . œ
J
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
6
jœ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ j jœ j jœ
& œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ.
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
œ œ ˙.
? 68 œ œ œ œ œ œ œ
œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ
J J
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ______ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
2
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Time Signatures - 2 , C
? 22 2
In 2 time there are two beats in each measure.
The half note gets one beat. A quarter note ( q ) = 1/2 beat
2 is often referred to as "cut" time. Rhythmic values A half note ( h ) = 1 beat
2 A whole note ( w ) = 6 beats
2 may also be displayed as C .
2
________________________________________________________________________________
22
œ œ œ œ ˙ œ œ œ œ ˙ w
1 + 2 + 1 2 + 1 + 2 1 2
C œ œ ˙ œ œ ˙ œ œ œ œ ˙ ˙
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
2
Write the count below the notes and then clap the rhythm while counting out loud.
& œ œ œ œ ˙ œ œ ˙ ˙ w
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
2
˙ ˙ œ
? œ œ ˙ œ œ œ œ
œ ˙
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
&C œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ ˙ ˙ ˙
___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Slurs and Ties

A slur is a curved line connection two or more notes of different pitches.
œ œ œ œ
Slurred passages should be played as smoothly as possible.
? 44 œ œ ˙ œ œ œ œ œ œ ˙
A tie is a curved line which connects two notes of the same pitch.
& 43 œ œ œ œ œ œ œ ˙ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ ˙
j
Tied notes are played as one note. The rhythmic value is the sum of the two notes.
œ œ = 2 beats ˙ œ = 3 beats œ œ =1 1/2 beats

________________________________________________________________________________
2
1. Circle the ties in this example.
&4 œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ ˙
œ œ œ œ
2. Circle the slurs in this example.
? 44 ˙ œ œ ˙ œ œ œ œ œ œ
j
3. Write the number of beats each pair of tied notes should receive.
˙ œ= beats ˙ œ= beats w œ= beats ˙. œ = beats
j j j
w w= beats œ œ = beats ˙ ˙= beats œ œ= beats
j j
w ˙. = beats ˙. œ = beats œ. œ = beats œ. œ. = beats
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Sixteenth Notes and Rests

The rhythmic value of a sixteenth note is one quarter Use e, +, a when writing the count for sixteenth
of a beat. Four sixteenth notes are equal to one quarter notes and rests.
œ œ œ œ œ ! œ ! œ
note.
A sixteenth note ( x ) = 1/4 beat
A sixteenth rest ( ! ) = 1/4 beat
j œ œ
œœœœ = œ œœ = œ 1 e + a 2 e + a 3 + a
________________________________________________________________________________
44
œ œ œœœœœ œ œ œ œœœœœœœ œ œœœ œ œœœœœ œ œ œ

1 + 2 e + a 3 + 4 1 + a 2 e + a 3 + 4 e + 1 + a 2 e + 3 + 4
44
œ œ œ œ œœœœœ œ œœœ œ œœœœœ œ œœœœœœœ œ œ œ

__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
œ œ œœœ ˙
? 43 œ œ œ œ œ ‰ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œœœœ œ œ
J
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
4 j! j j
4. Some sixteenth notes are missing their flags or beams. Draw the missing flags and beams.
& 4 œ œ œ œ œ œœœœ œ œœ˙ œœœœ œ œ œ œ œ ˙

! j
5. Write the count below the notes and then add the missing barlines.
& 42 œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ ! œ œ œ œ ! œ ! œ œ œœœœ
œ
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
? 44 œ ! œ ! œ œ œ œ ! œ ! œ œ œ œ œ œ œR ! ‰ œR ! ‰ œœœœœ œ œ!œ œ
6. Write the count below the notes.
__ __ __ __ ____ __ ______ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ ____ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

Name_______________________ Date____________________
Dotted Quarter Notes and Rests

The rhythmic value of a dotted quarter note is A dotted quarter note ( q . ) = 1-1/2 beats
A dotted quarter rest ( Œ. ) = 1-1/2 beats
one and one half beats. It is equivalent to a
j j Œ. j
quarter note tied to an eighth note.
œ. = œ œ œ. œ œ+
1 2 + 1 2
________________________________________________________________________________
44 j j Œ. j j ‰ œj œ .
œ. œ œ. œ œ ˙ œ. œ œ. ˙
1 2 + 3 4 + 1 2 + 3 4 1 2 + 3 4 + 1 + 2 3 4
43 œ œ œ . j j j
œ œ. ‰ œ œ œ. œ œ œ œ œ œ.
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
j œ. j
& 44 œ œ œ œ œ .
œ œ. œ˙ ‰ œ. œ œ œ œ œ œj
J œ.
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
? 44 œ.
4. Some dotted quarter notes and rests are missing their dots.
œ œ. ‰ Œ. j j ˙ œ œ. j
Complete each measure by adding the missing dots.
J œ œ. œ J œ. œ˙
? 42 Œ . œ œœœ œ. j œ ‰ œJ
‰ ‰ œ œ œ œ. œ œj œ .
5. Add the missing barlines.
J J
j jœ.
& 44 œ . jj j
œ œ œ œ œ. œœ œ œ. œ œ œ œ œ œ. œ ‰
.
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Dotted Eighth Notes and Rests

The rhythmic value of a dotted eighth note is A dotted eighth note ( e. ) = 3/4 beat
A dotted eighth rest ( ‰. ) = 3/4 beat
three-fourths of a beat. It is equivalent to an
j j r r j
œ ‰. !
eighth note tied to a sixteenth note.
œ. = œ œ œ. œ œ. œ œ.
1 e + a 2 e + a 3 e + a 4 e + a
________________________________________________________________________________
44 j ! r
œ. œ œ. œ œ œ œ. œ œ . œ œ ‰. œœ œ œ. œ. œ ˙
1 e + a 2 e + a 3 + 4 e + a 1 e + a 2 + 3 e + a 4 1 e + a 2 e + a 3 4
r
43 œ . œ ˙ ‰ œj œ . œ œ ‰.
œ œ œ œ œ. œœœœ œ
œ . œ
œ œ. œ œ œ œ œ . œ œj. ! œ . œ ‰ œJ œ œ œ . œ œ
? 44
& 42 œ .
œ œ œ œ œ. œ œ œ œ œ
œ œ œ œ.
2 j j œ . œ œ . œ œ œ œ œ œ. œ œ œ
& 4 œ. œ œ. œ œ œ œ ‰ œ J J‰
? 43 œ œ œ . œ œ œ œ . œ œ œ œ . œ œ ‰ œ
œ. œ. œ œ œ œ. œ œ
J
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Sharps and Flats I

A sharp sign ( # ) placed in front of a note (# q ) A flat sign ( b ) placed in front of a note ( b q )
raises its pitch a half step. lowers its pitch a half step.
C # is 1/2 step higher than C B b is 1/2 step lower than B
C# D# F# G# A# Db Eb Gb Ab Bb
C D E F G A B C C D E F G A B C
It is easy to see, on the piano keyboard, how the black keys to the right (1/2 step higher) of a note are
sharps and the black keys to the left (1/2 step lower) of a note are flats.
________________________________________________________________________________
1. Practice drawing sharps by tracing over the guidelines. Draw six more in the remaining space.
2. Practice drawing flats by tracing over the guidelines. Draw six more in the remaining space.
˙
& 44 ˙ ˙
3. Write a flat sign in front of each note and then name the note.
˙ ˙ ˙
˙ ˙
Eb
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
? 44 ˙ ˙ ˙
˙
4. Write a flat sign in front of each note and then name the note.
˙ ˙ ˙ ˙
˙
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
˙
& 44 ˙ ˙ ˙
5. Write a sharp sign in front of each note and then name the note.
˙ ˙ ˙
# C
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
? 44 ˙ ˙
6. Write a sharp sign in front of each note and then name the note.
˙ ˙ ˙
˙ ˙ ˙
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Sharps and Flats II

Complete the following exercises.
________________________________________________________________________________
1. Draw the indicated notes. Use half notes.
& 44
Eb Ab Db Bb Gb Cb Fb Db
?4
4
Bb Eb Ab Db Gb Cb Fb Bb
& 44
C# A# G# D# F# B# E# A#
? 44
F# C# G# D# A# E# B# F#
& 44 # œ b œ b œ œ bœ œ ˙
5. Name each note.
bœ bœ #œ œ bœ bœ ˙
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
? 44 b œ b œ b œ bœ œ #œ bœ #œ #œ #œ #œ bœ
6. Name each note.
bœ bœ
#œ #œ b˙
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Sharps, Flats and Naturals

A natural sign ( n ) placed before a note cancels a sharp or flat.
Sharps, flats and naturals are all called accidentals.
Accidentals affect every note on the same line or space for the remainder of the measure.
Bar lines cancel all accidentals from the previous measure unless a note is tied across the bar line.
& 44 # œ œ œ œ & 44 # œ œ œ œ
F# F# F# F# F# F# F# F# F# F# F#
œ #œ œ œ œ #œ œ œ
F
A natural is used to cancel sharps and flats.
& 44 b œ n œ œ b œ œ bœ nœ bœ œ bœ nœ bœ
Bb B B Bb B Bb B Bb Bb Bb B Bb
________________________________________________________________________________
Write the name of each note.
& 44 œ œ bœ œ œ œ #œ
1
œ œ œ œ bœ w
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
? 43 bœ nœ œ ˙.
2
œ #œ œ œ œ bœ œ bœ œ
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
& 42 œ b œ œ œ œ bœ œ œ œ œ bœ nœ
3
˙
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
& 44 # œ œ œ #œ œ œ œ. j
4
œ œ bœ œ bœ nœ œ ˙
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
? 44 b œ # œ œ œ œ œ bœ œ œ œ bœ œ nœ œ bœ ˙
5
____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Enharmonic Notes I
In music there are many notes that have more than one name.
Enharmonic notes sound the same but are spelled differently.
Db Eb Gb Ab Bb
C# D# F # G# A#
C D E F G A B C
If you look at a piano keyboard you will see that D # and E b are played with the same key.
________________________________________________________________________________
bœ #œ #œ
1. Use a quarter note to write in the enharmonic equivalent of the given note.
? 42 # œ bœ
bœ
#œ
& 42 b œ bœ #œ bœ #œ
& 42 b œ bœ bœ #œ #œ
bœ
#œ bœ
? 42 b œ bœ #œ bœ
5. This is the first part of a familiar song written with many enharmonic notes.
Identify the song and write the name here: _________________
& 44 # œ b œ œ œ bœ #œ ˙ œ bœ ˙ bœ œ ˙
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Enharmonic Notes II
Complete these exercises.
________________________________________________________________________________
1. Circle the measures in which the notes are not enharmonically equivalent.
œ #œ
& 42 # œ b œ bœ œ
#œ bœ bœ #œ bœ #œ
? 42 #œ nœ œ #œ nœ
#œ bœ œ bœ bœ
#œ œ
& 42 # œ b œ bœ #œ #œ nœ bœ #œ #œ bœ nœ #œ
2. Identify these familiar songs.
& 44 # œ b œ # œ b œ œ #œ b˙
Name of song __________________________
bœ #œ nœ œ œ #œ #˙
& 44 b œ # œ n œ b œ
Name of song __________________________
nœ œ #œ bœ bœ nœ bœ #œ bœ #œ b˙
& 44 œ œ b ˙ œ bœ nœ œ œ bœ œ #˙
Name of song __________________________
œ nœ n˙
& 44 b œ # œ # ˙
Name of song __________________________
#œ œ b˙ #œ bœ #œ nœ bœ #œ b˙
Elements of Music: 0030
Half Steps and Whole Steps I

The half step (H) is the smallest interval used in The whole step (W) is an interval made by combining
traditional Western music. The piano keyboard is two half steps.
arranged in half steps; the distance between two
adjacent keys on the piano is a half step. W W
H H H H
H H H H
#
#
W W
________________________________________________________________________________
Using the keyboards below, write the interval (whole step or half step) that is created by the Os.
1. ___________________ 2. ___________________
# #
3. ___________________ 4. ___________________
# #
5. ___________________ 6. ___________________
#
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Half Steps and Whole Steps II

Example: 2 whole steps
Using the keyboards below, write the interval in

whole step and half steps that is created by the Os. #
________________________________________________________________________________
1. ___________________ 2. ___________________
# #
3. ___________________ 4. ___________________
# #
5. ___________________ 6. ___________________
7. ___________________ 8. ___________________
# #
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Rounds
A round is a composition in which two or more voices sing an identical melody with each voice
starting after a specified number of beats. A round may be repeated endlessly.
Sing this simple round.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4
&b4 q
1
q q
h n.
q
Frè -
re
qdan,
Jac
do -
qu
es,
q
n,
q
Di
Fr
è
-
q
re
h
.
don
Frère Jacques
q q
Jac
- que
dan,
q
This round may be sung in three parts.
s,
The first part starts singing the song at the
Din,
q
2
top of the circle (1). When the first part reaches
number two (2), the second part may begin at t
dor - mez
q
he top of the circle. The third part may join
in when the first part reaches number three (3).
nes!
q
All parts may continue singing around the
q
circle as long as they like.

-
vous
ti
q
h
-
ma
q
Do
les
r-
q
z
q
q
ne
- ez
q
n
So vo
q
h
s? u
q
!
nes
- ti Son
q q q
q
ma - - nez
q
les
3
Name_______________________ Date____________________
The Circle of Fifths II

Complete the circle of fifths by writing the names of the missing keys.
________________________________________________________________________________
&
#
&
SHA
C RPS
TS G
FLA
&b
F
#
& #
bb
__
&
__
b ###
__ & b b __ &
bb
&bb
####
__
bb
&bbb b
& b bbbbb
&
__
bb
__ & b b bb __
#### ## ##
__ __
& # ##
__
& #
#### #
__
& #
Name_______________________ Date____________________
The Circle of Fifths I

The Circle of Fifths diagram shows the &
clockwise arrangement of major keys #
&
SHA
in an order of ascending fifths C RPS
for sharp key signatures.

With each added sharp FLA
TS G
the key advances five F
& b #
& #
letter names and the
tonic moves up a
perfect fifth.
Bb D
b
Flat keys are &b
presented in
an order of
b ###
descending
Eb &bb &
fifths. With
each added A
flat the key
moves back
b
& b bb
five letter
names and
the tonic moves Ab
####
bbbb
down a perfect fifth. E
& b b &
& b bbbbb
bb
Db & b b bb Cb
C# Gb
#### ## # ##
B
& # F# & # #
#### #
& #
________________________________________________________________________________
1. Write the flats in the order in which they are added as you go around the circle of fifths.
B b _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____

2. Write the sharps in the order in which they are added as you go around the circle of fifths.
F# _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____

3. Write the names of the keys with sharps in order as they appear on the circle of fifths.
G _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____

4. Write the names of the keys with flats in order as they appear on the circle of fifths.
F _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____

Name_______________________ Date____________________
The Circle of Fifths III

Complete the circle of fifths by adding the missing key signatures.
________________________________________________________________________________
&
&
SHA
C RP S
FLA
TS G
F
&
&
Bb D
&
Eb & A &
&
Ab
E
& &
&
Db & Cb
C# Gb B
& F# &
&
Name_______________________ Date____________________
The Circle of Fifths IV
Complete the circle of fifths by writing in the names of the missing keys and their missing key signatures.
________________________________________________________________________________
&
C SHAR
PS &
TS G
FLA
F
&
&
__
&
__
__ & __ &
&
__
& &
__
&
__ & __
__ __ __
& __ &
&
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Major Scale Ia - &

All major scales are made up of the following pattern of whole steps and half steps:
whole step whole step half step whole step whole step whole step half step
________________________________________________________________________________
Add sharps or flats to the exercises below to create major scales.

Use the pattern of whole and half steps to determine which accidentals you will need to add.
Example
& œ œ œ œ œ
bœ œ œ
W W H
H W
W W
œ œ œ œ
1
& bœ œ œ œ
œ œ œ
2
& œ œ œ œ œ
3
œ œ œ œ œ
& œ œ œ
œ œ œ œ œ
œ
4
& œ œ
œ œ œ œ œ
œ œ
5
& œ
œ
6
& œ œ œ œ œ
bœ œ
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Major Scale Ia - ?
________________________________________________________________________________

? bœ
Example
œ œ œ œ œ
œ œ
W W H W W W H
? bœ œ œ œ œ œ
œ
1
œ
2
? œ œ œ œ œ
œ œ œ
? œ œ œ
3
œ œ œ œ œ
? œ œ
4
œ œ œ œ œ
bœ
? œ œ œ œ
5
œ œ œ œ
? œ
6
œ œ œ œ œ
œ œ
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Major Scale Ib - &

________________________________________________________________________________

œ œ œ œ œ
œ
1
& œ œ
œ
2
& œ œ œ œ œ
œ œ
œ œ œ œ
3
& œ œ œ œ
œ œ œ
4
& œ œ œ œ œ
œ œ œ œ œ
œ œ
5
& œ
œ œ œ œ œ
œ œ
6
& bœ
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Major Scale Ib - ?
________________________________________________________________________________

? œ œ œ
1
œ œ œ œ
œ
? œ œ
2
œ œ œ œ œ
œ
? œ œ œ œ
3
œ œ œ œ
? œ
4
œ œ œ œ œ
bœ œ
? œ œ
5
œ œ œ œ œ
bœ
6
? œ œ œ œ œ
bœ œ œ
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Major Scale Ic - &

________________________________________________________________________________

œ œ œ œ
1
& bœ œ œ œ
œ
2
& œ œ œ œ œ
œ œ
3
œ œ œ œ œ
& #œ œ œ
œ œ œ œ œ
œ œ
4
& œ
œ œ
5
& #œ œ œ œ œ œ
œ œ œ
6
& bœ œ œ œ œ
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Major Scale Ic - ?
________________________________________________________________________________

1
? œ œ œ œ œ
œ œ œ
? œ
2
œ œ œ œ œ
bœ œ
? œ œ
3
œ œ œ œ œ
bœ
4
? œ œ œ œ œ
bœ œ œ
? œ œ œ
5
#œ œ œ œ œ
? œ œ œ œ œ œ
œ
6
œ
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Major Scales and Key Signatures IIa - &

When writing key signatures the order of flats
Use this major scale pattern to help complete the exercises: and sharps must always remain the same.
œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ #### ##
The order of sharps:
bbb b
The order of flats:
W W H W W W H & # b
& bb
FCGDAEB BEADGCF
________________________________________________________________________________
Starting with the given note, complete each major scale.
Then write the name of the scale and fill in its key signature.
Example Name of Scale: D Major
& ˙ &
1 Name of Scale: _____________
& ˙ &
2 Name of Scale: _____________
& &
b˙
3 Name of Scale: _____________
& ˙ &
4 Name of Scale: _____________
& ˙ &
5 Name of Scale: _____________
& b˙ &
6 Name of Scale: _____________
& b˙ &
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Major Scales and Key Signatures IIa - ?

? #### ## ? bb b b
The order of sharps: The order of flats:
W W H W W W H # bbb
FCGDAEB BEADGCF
________________________________________________________________________________
? ?
Example Name of Scale: D Major
? ?
1 Name of Scale: _____________
˙
? b˙ ?
2 Name of Scale: _____________
? ?
3 Name of Scale: _____________
? ?
4 Name of Scale: _____________
? ?
5 Name of Scale: _____________
b˙
? ?
6 Name of Scale: _____________
˙
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Major Scales and Key Signatures IIb - &

œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ #### ##
bbb b
The order of flats:
W W H W W W H & # b
& bb
FCGDAEB BEADGCF
________________________________________________________________________________
1 Name of Scale: _____________
& b˙ &
2 Name of Scale: _____________
& ˙ &
3 Name of Scale: _____________
& #˙ &
4 Name of Scale: _____________
& &
b˙
5 Name of Scale: _____________
& ˙ &
6 Name of Scale: _____________
& ˙ &
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Major Scales and Key Signatures IIb - ?

? #### ## ? bb b b
W W H W W W H # bbb
FCGDAEB BEADGCF
________________________________________________________________________________
? ?
1 Name of Scale: _____________
? ˙ ?
2 Name of Scale: _____________
? ?
3 Name of Scale: _____________
b˙
? ?
4 Name of Scale: _____________
? ?
5 Name of Scale: _____________
#˙
? ?
6 Name of Scale: _____________
b˙
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Major Scales and Key Signatures IIc - &

œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ #### ##
bbb b
The order of flats:
W W H W W W H & # b
& bb
FCGDAEB BEADGCF
________________________________________________________________________________
1 Name of Scale: _____________
& #˙ &
2 Name of Scale: _____________
& b˙ &
3 Name of Scale: _____________
& &
b˙
4 Name of Scale: _____________
& &
˙
5 Name of Scale: _____________
& b˙ &
6 Name of Scale: _____________
& b˙ &
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Major Scales and Key Signatures IIc - ?

? #### ## ? bb b b
W W H W W W H # bbb
FCGDAEB BEADGCF
________________________________________________________________________________
? ?
1 Name of Scale: _____________
? ?
2 Name of Scale: _____________
b˙
? ˙ ?
3 Name of Scale: _____________
? ?
4 Name of Scale: _____________
? b˙ ?
5 Name of Scale: _____________
? ?
6 Name of Scale: _____________
b˙
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Major Scale IIIa - &

Use this major scale pattern to help complete the exercises:
________________________________________________________________________________
Write the major scale for the given key signature.
##
Example D Major
&
b
Name of Scale: _____________
&b
1
#
2 Name of Scale: _____________
&
Name of Scale: _____________
&b
3
###
4 Name of Scale: _____________
&
bb
Name of Scale: _____________
b
5
&
####
6 Name of Scale: _____________
&
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Major Scale IIIa - ?

________________________________________________________________________________
?b
Example F Major
? bb b
1 Name of Scale: _____________
? bb
2 Name of Scale: _____________
?#
3 Name of Scale: _____________
?
4 Name of Scale: _____________
? ###
5 Name of Scale: _____________
? bb
6 Name of Scale: _____________
b
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Major Scale IIIb - &

________________________________________________________________________________
###
1 Name of Scale: _____________
&
b
Name of Scale: _____________
b
2
&
####
3 Name of Scale: _____________
&
b
& b bb
4 Name of Scale: _____________
5 Name of Scale: _____________
&
b
Name of Scale: _____________
&bb
6
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Major Scale IIIb - ?

________________________________________________________________________________
?#
1 Name of Scale: _____________
? ####
2 Name of Scale: _____________
? bb
3 Name of Scale: _____________
? ###
4 Name of Scale: _____________
? bb b
5 Name of Scale: _____________
? ##
6 Name of Scale: _____________
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Major Scale IIIc - &

________________________________________________________________________________
#### #
1 Name of Scale: _____________
& #
#
2 Name of Scale: _____________
&
bbb
Name of Scale: _____________
b
3
&
##
4 Name of Scale: _____________
&
b
& b bbb
5 Name of Scale: _____________
####
6 Name of Scale: _____________
& #
Name_______________________ Date____________________
Major Scale IIIc - ?

________________________________________________________________________________
? ###
1 Name of Scale: _____________
? bb b
2 Name of Scale: _____________
bb
? ##
3 Name of Scale: _____________
? #### #
4 Name of Scale: _____________
? bb b
5 Name of Scale: _____________
?#
6 Name of Scale: _____________

Element On Music PDF

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Elements of Music

Written by; Paul Alexander

The Staff - High and Low

Space 1 Space 4 Line 3 Line 4 Space 1 Space 3 Line 5 Line 2

Line 5 Space 3 Line 1 Space 1 Space 4 Line 3 Line 2 Space 2

1. Practice drawing two staffs by connecting the dots.

2. On the first staff, number the lines from low to high.

3. On the second staff, number the spaces from low to high.

The Staff - High and Low

Space 1 Space 4 Line 3 Line 4 Space 1 Space 3 Line 5 Line 2

Line 5 Space 3 Line 1 Space 1 Space 4 Line 3 Line 2 Space 2

The Staff - Treble Clef

The Staff - Bass Clef

Treble Clef - Ledger Lines

& & &

& & &

Bass Clef - Ledger Lines

The Grand Staff

3. Write the letter name for each note.

1. Clap the rhythm while counting the beats out loud.

1. Practice drawing quarter rests by tracing over the outlines.

Notes and Rests

A quarter note ( q ) = 1 beat A quarter rest ( Œ ) = 1 beat

1. Each measure in the next two exercises is missing one rest.

œœœœ˙ œœœœ˙ œ œ œœœ œœœœ˙

1. Clap the rhythm while counting the beats out loud.

Eighth Notes and Eighth Rests

An eighth rest ( ‰ ) = 1/2 beat

œ œœœ œ œœœ œ œ œ Œ œœœ œ œ ˙

? 44 ˙ œœœœ œœœœ˙ ‰ œ‰ œ‰ œ‰œ ‰ œ œ œ ˙

&w w & w œœ œœœœ w

3rd 6th 3rd

1. Clap the rhythm while counting out loud.

Slurs and Ties

œ œ = 2 beats ˙ œ = 3 beats œ œ =1 1/2 beats

˙ œ= beats ˙ œ= beats w œ= beats ˙. œ = beats

Sixteenth Notes and Rests

œ œ œœœœœ œ œ œ œœœœœœœ œ œœœ œ œœœœœ œ œ œ

œ œ œ œ œœœœœ œ œœœ œ œœœœœ œ œœœœœœœ œ œ œ

& 4 œ œ œ œ œ œœœœ œ œœ˙ œœœœ œ œ œ œ œ ˙

__ __ __ __ ____ __ ______ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ ____ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

Dotted Quarter Notes and Rests

Dotted Eighth Notes and Rests

Sharps and Flats I

C # is 1/2 step higher than C B b is 1/2 step lower than B

Sharps and Flats II

1. Draw the indicated notes. Use half notes.

Sharps, Flats and Naturals

A natural is used to cancel sharps and flats.

2. Identify these familiar songs.

Half Steps and Whole Steps I

Half Steps and Whole Steps II

Using the keyboards below, write the interval in

This round may be sung in three parts.

circle as long as they like.

The Circle of Fifths II

The Circle of Fifths I

for sharp key signatures.

B b _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____

F# _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____

G _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____

F _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____

The Circle of Fifths III

__

B b ___ _ _ _ _ ___

F# ___ _ _ _ _ ___

G ___ _ _ _ _ ___

F ___ _ _ _ _ ___