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GIRLS’ COLLEGE
PROJECT ON
INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
PRESENTED TO
PROF. VIPIN SABOO
BY-
INTRODUCTION
Imagine not being able to communicate with the other
elements of your supply stream, not being able to find out
what the status is.? Not knowing if or for how long they
would have power, it was impossible for anyone to make any
reliable delivery commitments.
Transportation infrastructure
“Transportation is the industry that connects other
industries”. Transportation infrastructure is the most critical
means that facilitates the movements of people and
products. The existence of cost-effective and competitive
transport modes assists in the restructuring of the trade an
industry.
STRENGTHS
Higher speeds and economical solution for longer
distances
Environmentally friendly
No road traffic
No driving bans (e.g., Sundays,holidays)
WEAKNESS
Schedule and rail-network Inflexibility
Inadequate for short-distant transports or with frequent
cargo changes
High fixed cost due to expensive equipments
3. Marine Transport Infrastructure
Waterway transport is suited for large cargo shipments
covering longer distances
Together with rail and road transport, waterway
transport is considered to be a mode of transport
which can contribute to sustainable mobility and help
improve the sustainability of the transport system.
Per tonne-kilometre, waterway transport is extremely energy
efficient and is regarded as one of the most
environmentally-friendly modes of transport. Waterway
transport increases market access and competition,
increases market access for international good
transport. It creates favorable conditions for services and
development of new markets.
STRENGHTS
Economic
Environmentally friendly
Availability of specialized ships
WEAKNESS
Limited waterway network
High handling and transshipment costs
Dependency on weather (water level)
4. Air Transport Infrastructure
Strengths
High speeds, frequency and security
Little capital tie-up
Low risk of theft and damage
Cost-efficient transport of light parts
Weakness
High transport costs for bulk goods
Relatively low transport capacity
Need for development of a network
Ground time is approx. 73 percent of
Total transport time
Ecological aspects
5. Pipeline Transport Infrastructure
Strengths
Economic
Safe
Environmentally safe
Weakness
Weaknesses
Small pipeline network
High fixed costs
6. Belt/Rope Transport Infrastructure
Strengths
Transports bulk materials over short distance
Lower capital costs
Ideal for Hilly areas
Weakness
Limited scope of operations
Slowest mode of transport
7. Inter-Modal Transport Infrastructure
COMMUNICATION INFRASTRUCTURE
2. Telecommunications Infrastructure
Telecommunications are systems used in transmitting
messages over a distance through electrical or
electromagnetic medium. It can be done via
telephone, mobile, e-mail, Internet conference etc.
The basic telecommunication infrastructure is quite
well developed in India. The telecom industry is one
of the prime contributors to India's GDP. The once
monopolistic market is today, highly competitive. This has
necessitated the growth of India telecom infrastructure.
INDUSTRIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
1. Manufacturing Infrastructure
2. Industrial Parks
An industrial park is an area zoned and planned for
the purpose of industrial development. Industrial parks
are usually located outside the main residential area of a
city and normally provided with good transportation access,
including road and rail. Industrial parks are usually
located close to transport facilities, especially where
more than one transport modes coincide: highways,
railroads, airports, and ports.
WAREHOUSING INFRASTRUCTURE
Types of Warehouse
1. Private Warehouse: This type of warehouse is owned
and operated by channel suppliers and resellers and used in
their own distribution activity. For instance, a major retail
chain may have several regional warehouses supplying their
stores or a wholesaler will operate a warehouse at which it
receives and distributes products.
PACKAGING
Although packaging is recognized as having a significant impact on the
efficiency of logistical systems and activities such as manufacturing,
distribution, storage and handling throughout the supply chain, many
packaging dependent costs in the logistical system are frequently overlooked
by packaging designers