ANATOMY 14

Osteology

OSTEOLOGY
8. Fusion begins on the outer surface of skull
between the ages of
INTRODUCTION
A. 20 and 30 years
B. 30 and 40 years
1. Premature closure of sagittal suture causes
C. 40 and 50 years
A. Scaphocephaly
D. 50 and 60 years
B. Plagiocephaly
C. Brachiocephaly
9. All of the following are pneumatic bones EXCEPT
D. Oxycephaly
A. Maxilla
B. Parietal
2. Early fusion of the coronal suture results in
C. Ethmoid
A. Brachycephaly
D. Mastoid
B. Oxycephaly
C. Trigonocephaly
D. Scaphocephaly 10. All the following features of skull of newborn are
true except
3. Pre-mature synostosis of coronal sutures along A. Diploe are not formed.
with basal suture shows which of the following B. Styloid process has not fused with rest of
features temporal bone
A. Oxycephaly C. Interior fontanelle open.
B. Brachycephaly D. Mastoid process is of adult size
C. Scaphocephaly
D. Trigonocephaly 11. In a new born child, the gap between the bones in
midline of cranial bone are filled by
4. Number of bones in adult skull are;(AP-03,99) A. Fibrous cartilage
A. 18 B. Fibrous CNS tissue
B. 20 C. Elastic cartilage
C. 22 D. None of the above
D. 40

5. Facial skeletion is composed of ____________ SKULL FORAMINAE

bones.
A. 8 12. The maxillary nerve exits the cranium through
B. 10 which foramen
C. 12 A. Ovale
D. 14 B. Rotundum
C. Stylomastoid
6. All of the following are major functions of D. Inferior orbital fissure
skeletons except
A. Production of RBC 13. Among all the following foramina in the base of
B. Protection of body organs skull, which is the most posteriorly present
C. Destruction of WBC A. Foramen spinosum
D. Support for erect body B. Foramen rotundum
C. Foramen lacerum
7. Fusion begins on the inner surface of skull D. Foramen ovale
between the ages of;
A. 20 and 30 years 14. Which structures does not pass through the jugular
B. 30 and 40 years foramen
C. 40 and 50 years A. Vagus nerve
D. 50 and 60 years B. Glossopharygneal nerve

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C. Accessory nerve C. Trochlear artery

D. Internal carotid artery D. Zygomatic nerve

15. All of the following structures pass through 23. Which of the following does not pass through
inferior orbital fissure except superior orbital fissure
A. Zygomatic nerve A. Occulomotor nerve
B. Branches of pterygopalatine ganglion B. Optic nerve
C. Inferior ophthalmic vein C. Opthalmic division of trigeminal nerve
D. Branches of maxillary nerve D. Trochlear

16. Among all of the following foramens in the base of 24. Accessory meningeal artery enters cranial cavity
skull which is most posteriorly present throught
A. Foramen spinosum A. Foramen lacerum
B. Foramen rotundum B. Foramen rotundum
C. Foramen lacerum C. Foramen spinoum
D. Foramen ovale D. Foramen ovale

17. Mental foramen is located [AIPG-95] 25. Following foramina are found in greater wing of
A. Between roots of premolars sphenoid except
B. Between roots of molars A. Rotundum
C. Near canine B. Ovale
D. Between incisors C. Spinosum
D. Optic canal
18. Foramen magnum transmits all except
A. Vertebral artery 26. Mental foranum is located [AIPG-95]
B. Spinal root of 11th nerve A. Between roots of premolars
C. Spinal cord B. Between roots of molars
D. Both B and C C. Near canine
D. Between incisors
19. Structure passing through foramen magnum
A. Spinal cord 27. The mandibular foramen transmmits the
B. Verterbral artery A. Mandibular nerve
C. Internal jugular vein B. Lingual nerve
D. XI cranial nerve C. Inferior alveolar nerve
E. B and D D. Mental nerve

20. Foramen caecum is seen in 28. Structure passing through foramen spinosum
A. Ethmoidi Bone A. Accessory meningeal artery
B. Tongue B. Middle meningeal artery
C. Sphenoid C. Mandibular artery
D. A and B D. Maxillary artery

21. Foramen transversarium transmit

A. Inferioro jugular vein 29. Superior orbital fissure transmits all of the
B. Inferiorio petrosal sinus following except

C. Sigmoid sinus A. Abducent nerve

D. Vertebral artery B. Trochlear nerve
C. Maxillary nerve
22. Which structure pass through infraorbital fissures D. Inferior opthalmic nerve
A. Superior opthalmic vein
B. Opthalmic artery 30. Foramen ovale transmits the

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A. Maxillary nerve A. Lies between petrous part of temporal and

B. Mandibular nerve sphenoid
C. Opthalmic nerve B. Transmits meningeal branch of ascending
D. Middle meningeal artery pharyngeal artery
C. Transmits emissary vein from cavemous sinus
31. Jugualr foramen transmits the following structures D. All of the Above
except
A. Glossopharyngeal nerve 38. Foramen transversarium is seen in;
B. Vagus nerve A. Brain
C. Accesory nerve B. Skull-cap
D. Sigmoid sinus C. Cranial cavity
E. None of the above D. Cervical vertebrae

32. Which of the following is not correct about carotid 39. Ethmoidal foramina lie in;
canal A. Zygomatic process
A. Transmits internal carotid artery and emissary B. Fronto-ethmoidal suture
vein C. Zygomaticofacial foramen
B. It is located in temporal bone from cavernous D. Superior orbital fissure
sinus to pharyngeal plexus of veins
C. Transmits external carotid artery 40. The mastoid foramen opens internally at;
D. None of the above A. Transverse sulcus
B. Occipital sulcus
33. Hypoglossal canal C. Sigmoid sulcus
A. Transmits hypoglossal nerve D. Petrosquamous sulcus
B. Transmits meningeal branch of ascending
pharyngeal artery 41. The palatovaginal canal is present in the;
C. Lies in posterior cranial fossa A. Middle part of base of skull
D. All of the Above B. Larynx
C. Hard palate
34. Which structure pass through infraorbital fissures D. Soft palate
A. Superior opthalmic vein
B. Opthalmic artery 42. Foramen of Vesalius is
C. Trochlear artery A. Foramen lacerum
D. Zygomatic nerve B. Emissary sphenoidal foramen
C. Occipito-mastoid foramen
35. Among all of the following foramens in the base of D. Parieto-mastoid foramen
skull which is most posteriorly present,
A. Foramen spinosum 43. The posterior boundary of jugular foramen is
B. Foramen rotundum formed by
C. Foramen lacerum A. Jugular process of temporal bone
D. Foramen ovale B. Jugular process of occipital bone
C. Jugular process of sphenoid bone
36. The following foramen of the skull transmit D. Jugular process of mastoid bone
emissary veins except
A. Mastoid 44. Canaliculus innominatus is present between
B. Parietal A. Foramen ovale and Foramen spinosum
C. Sphenoidal (foramen of vesalis) B. Foramen ovale and Foramen rotundum
D. Stylomastoid C. Foramen spinosum and Foramen lacerum
D. Foramen lacerum and jugular foramen
37. Foramen lacerum
45. The tympano-mastoid suture transmits the

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A. Tympano-mastoid nerve CRANIAL FOSSAE

B. Tympanic nerve
C. Auricular branch of vagus 52. Which fontanelle closes by the end of the first year
D. Auricular branch of maxillary nerve A. Anterior fontanelle
B. Posterior fontanelle
46. The long axis of superior orbital fissure is directed; C. Sphenoid fontanelle
A. Laterally, downwards, backwards D. Mastoid fontanelle
B. Medially, forwards, upwards
C. Laterally, upwards and forwards 53. Medially, the middle cranial fossa is separated
D. Medially, downwards, backwards from posterior cranial fossa by;
A. Petrous part of temporal bone
47. The maxillary nerve exits cranium through ---------- B. Dorsum sellae
foramen C. Squamous part of temporal bone
A. Ovale D. Tuberculum sellae
B. Rotundum
C. Stylomastoid 54. Lateral part of middle cranial fossa and posterior
D. Inferior orbital fissure cranial fossa are divided by: (AIIMS-2k)
A. Petrous temporal bone
48. The vertebral artery traverses all of the following B. Crista galli
except C. Transverse groove
A. Foramen magnum D. Sphenoid bone
B. Subarachnoid space
C. Intervertebral foramen 55. Lateral part of middle cranial fossa and posteriro
D. Formen transversarium cranial fossa are divided by:
A. Petrous temporal bone
B. Cristal galli
49. Mental foramen is located near
C. Transverse groove
A. First premolar of mandible
D. Sphenoid bone
B. Second molar of mandible
C. Canine of mandible
56. The sulcus chiasmatis
D. Canine of maxilla
A. Lodges corpus chiasmatis
B. Is occupied by the optic chiasma
50. Which of the following passes through the
C. Leads to the optic canal
foramen transversarium
D. All of the above
A. Vertebral artery
B. Sympathetic chain
57. The posterior clinoid process is formed by;
C. XIth cranial nerve
A. Diaphragm sellae
D. Internal carotid artery
B. Dorsum sellae
C. Tuberculum sellae
51. All of the following characteristics differentiate a
D. Hypophyseal plate
typical cervical vertebrae from a thoracic vertebrae
EXCEPT
A. Has a triangular vertebral canal
B. Has foramen transversarium SKULL POINTS
C. Superior articular facet is directed backwards &
upwards 58. Which one of it is the junction of the frontal,
D. Has a large vertebral body parietal, temporal and greater wing of sphenoid
A. Lambda
B. Inion
C. Pterion
D. Vertex

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B. Point at the root of the nose where internasal

59. A point where the internasal and frontonasal suture meets with the frontonasal suture.
sutures meet is called C. Rounded, curved elevation situated just above
A. Glabella the medial part of each orbit.
B. Forehead D. A motion elevation connecting two supeciliary
C. Supercilliary arch arches.
D. Nasion
67. The point where the parietomastoid,
60. Bregma is the name give to the junction of [AIPG- occipitomastoid and lambdoidal sutures meet is
97, MAHE-94] A. Pterion
A. Coronal and sagittal sutures B. Obelion
B. Frontal with nasal bone C. Asterion
C. Lambdoid of sagittal suture. D. Bregma
D. Two parietal bones.
68. The meeting point of internasal and frontonasal
61. 'Pterion' is sutures is known as
A. Point of articulation of four skull bones A. Glabella
B. Point where bregma and lambda meet B. Nasion
C. Region where anterolateral fontanelle merge C. Columella
D. Lies deep to zygomatic Arch D. Inion

62. Highest point on skull (PGI-03) 69. The highest point of the skull is;
A. 'Pterion' A. Vertex
B. Porion B. Pontanelies
C. Lambda C. Lambda
D. Vertex D. Inion

63. The point where the parietomastoid, 70. Junction of frontal, parietal temporal and greater
occipitomastoid and lambdoidal sutures meet is wing of the sphenoid is called
A. Pterion A. Inion
B. Obelion B. Vertex
C. Asterion C. Metopid
D. Bregma D. Pterion

64. Bregma is the name give to the junction of [AIPG- 71. Lambda is formed by;
97, MAHE-94] A. Sagittal and parietial
A. Coronal and sagital sutures B. Sagittal and coronal
B. Frontal with nasal bone C. Sagittal and lambdoid
C. Lambdoid of sagittal suture. D. Sagittal and temporal
D. Two parietal bones.
72. H shaped union of frontal temporal parietal and
65. 'Pterion' is sphenoid bones, approximately 3.45 cm behind and
A. Point of articulation of four skull bones 1.5 cm above the frontozygomatic suture is known
B. Point where bregma and lambda meet as;
C. Region where anterolateral fontanelle merge A. Bregma
D. Lies deep to zygomatic Arch. B. Pterion
C. Zygomatic arch
D. Mastoid process
66. OBELION is
A. Point on sagittal suture between two parietal
foranmina

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OCCIPITAL BONE C. Nasal

D. Ethmoid
73. Kerckring’s centre for ossifications is associated
with
PALATINE BONES
A. Temporal bone
B. Occipital bone
C. Frontal bone 80. The palatine bone furnishes the link between:

D. Parietal bone A. Maxilla and sphenoid bone

B. Sphenoid and ethnnoid bone
74. The highest nuchal lines are; C. Sphenoid and voneer
A. Always present on the skull D. None of the above

B. Situated 1 cm above the superior nuchal lines

C. Situated 2 cm above the superior nuchal lines
VOMER
D. Less arched than superior nuchal line

81. Which of following is unpaired bone of facial

SPHENOID BONE skeleton?

A. Nasal.

75. Bone better described as “bat with extended B. Lacrimal

wings” is C. Inferior nasal concha
A. Themoid D. Vomer

B. Sphenoid
C. Nasal
D. Mandible NASAL BONES
82. The floor of the nasal cavity is formed by which of
76. Lesser wing of sphenoid contains the following bones
A. Forcemen rotundum A. Nasal bone and vomer
B. Foranum spinosum B. Palatine bone and maxilla
C. Optic canal C. Ethmoidal and lacrimal
D. Foramen ovale. D. Nasal bone maxilla

77. The sphenoid bone transmits all except 83. Which of the following bones does not articulate
A. Optic nerve with nasal bones
B. Ophthalmic nerve A. Frontal
C. Middle ligament artery B. Sphenoid
D. Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve C. Ethmoid
D. Maxilla
78. All the following given below are attached to spine
of sphenoid EXCEPT 84. Floor of nasal cavtiy is formed by
A. Sphenomandibular ligament A. Palatine process of maxilla and horizhontal part
B. Anterior ligament of Malleus of palatine bone
C. Tensor tympani muscle B. Palatine process of maxila and verticalpart of
D. Lateral pterygoid muscle palatine bone
C. Maxillary process of palatine and horizontal
part of maxilla
ETHMOID BONES
D. Maxillary process of palatine and vertical part
of maxila
79. The skull bone which is completely formed in
cartilage of is
A. Occipital
B. Frontal

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PARIETAL BONES D. Smaller body

85. Which of the following bones does not articulate

92. Verterbra with prominent spinous process is
with parietal bones
A. C2
A. Frontal
B. C7
B. Zygomatic
C. C1
C. Temporal
D. C3
D. Occipital
E. Sphenoid
93. The atlas is identified by
A. Presence of body
86. The following bones of skull ossify both in
B. Presence of foramen transversarium
membrane and cartilage except
C. Absence of spinous process
A. Sphenoid
D. A and C
B. Parietal
C. Occipital
D. Temporal 94. Which of the following is typical cervical vertebra
A. First
B. Second
87. The interparietal bone is;
C. Fifth
A. Occasionally present
D. Seventh
B. Located at the apex of squamous occipital bone
C. Membranous part of occipital bone
D. All of the above 95. Which of the following is the most characteristic
features of second cervical vertebra
A. Odontoid process (dens)
VERTEBRAL COLUMN
B. Bifid spinous process
C. Deep inferior vertebral notches
88. In adults, the spinal cord normally ends at
D. Ragged lateral mass.
A. Lower border of L1
B. Lower border of l3
96. The carotid tubercle of the 6th cervical vertebrae is
C. Lower border of S1]
a feature of its
D. Lower border of L5
A. Body
B. Lamina
89. Which vertebra has the most prominent spine
C. Pedicle
A. C2
D. Transverse process
B. C7
C. T10
97. Hyoid bone lies at the level of the
D. L2
A. Second cervical vertebra
B. Third cervical vertebra
90. The typical cervical vertebra differs from thoracic
C. Fourth cervical vertebra
vertebra in that it
D. Fifth cervical vertebra
A. Has a triangular body
B. Has a foramen transversarium
98. Cervical vertebrae 1 (C1) is known as;
C. Superior articular facet directed backwards
A. Atlas
and upwards
B. Axis
D. Has a large vertebral body
C. Spine
D. Typical vertebrae
91. Which of the following is the most characteristics
features of cervical vertebrae
99. The second cervical vertebra is characterized by;
A. Foramen transversarium
A. Absence of body
B. Bifid spine
B. Absence of spine
C. Absence of costal facets
C. Presence of dens
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D. Being ring shaped

107. Which out of the following bones ossify first
100. Which of the following part of vertebral canal will A. Mandible
show secondary curves with concavity backwards B. Denticulate
A. Cervical C. Squamous
B. Thoracic D. Plane
C. Sacral
D. Coccyx 108. Which of the following is wrong about mandible.
A. It is second bone to ossify in the body
101. In adults the spinal cord normal ends it B. It is the only movable bone in skull
A. Lower border of LI C. It contains insertion sites of muscles of
B. Lower border of L3 mastication
C. Lower border of S1 D. Develops purely in membranous ossification.
D. Lower border of L5
109. Which of the following struction is not present on
102. The movement at the following permits a person to the internal surface of mandible.
look towards the right of left A. Genial tubercle
A. Atlanto-occipital joint B. Myolhyoid ridge.
B. Atlanto-axial joint C. Lingula
C. C2-C3 joint D. Mental foramen
D. C3-C4 joint
110. Lingula gives attatchment to [TNPSC-99]
A. Upper medial incisor.
B. Sphenonrandibular ligament
MANDIBLE
C. Temperomandibular ligament.
D. All
103. Which of the following structures is not present on
the internal surface of mandible
111. Long axis of mandibular condyles are directed
A. Genial tubercle
A. Posteromedially
B. Mylohyoid ridge
B. Anteromedially
C. Lingula
C. Anterolatrally
D. Mental foramen
D. Posterolatrally

104. In old age the angle of the mandible become

112. Which of the following mandibular teeth
A. 100
corresponding to the mental foramen
B. 120
A. Lateral incisor and canine
C. 140
B. Canine and first premolar
D. None of the above
C. First and second premolar
D. Second premolar and first molar.
105. Which of the following structure is not present on
the internal surface of mandible?
113. The neck of the mandible gives attahment to
A. Genial tubercle
A. Lateral pteryogoid muscle
B. Mylohyoid ridge
B. Articular capsule of TMJ
C. Lingula
C. Articular disc of TMJ
D. Mental foramen
D. All of the Above
E. A and B
106. Lingula gives attatchment to [TNPSC-99]
A. Upper medial incisor.
114. Earliest facial bone to ossify is;
B. Sphenomnrandibular ligament
A. Nasal
C. Temperomandibular ligament.
B. Orbital
D. All
C. Maxilla

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D. Mandible C. lambda
D. Temporal
115. Mandible has ossification centres located to
Meckel’s meikelis cartilage 122. Which of the following muscles originates from
A. 2 medially the zygomatic process of maxilla?
B. 2 Laterally A. Middle temporal
C. 3 Medially B. Lateral pterygoid
D. 3 laterally C. Superficial layer of Masseter
D. Posterior portion of the buccinator
116. Meckeli’s cartilage
A. Has an active role in ossification of alveolar 123. The maxilla articulate with all of the following
process bone, except are identify the exception:[KAR-97]
B. Has an active role in ossification of madnibular A. Frontal
process B. Zygomatic
C. Dissolute without any contribution to C. lambda
ossification D. Temporal
D. Dissolute with minor contribution to
ossification. 124. Maxillary tuberosity gives origin to
A. Masseter
B. Buccinator
117. Mandible is formed by C. Medial pterygoid
A. Intramembraneous ossification D. Temporalis
B. Endochonrdral ossification
C. both of above 125. Maxilla
D. None of the above A. Develops from cartilage
B. Develops from mesenchyme
118. Meckel’s diverticulum is a remnant of C. Develops from bone
A. Stenson’s duct D. Develops from all of the above
B. Welffian duct
C. Mullerian duct
D. Vitellointestinal duct
ZYGOMATIC BONES
119. Mental spines provides attachement to
A. Genioglossus 126. Whitnall’s tubercle is a part of
B. Anterior and posterior bellies of digastric A. Maxilla
C. Mylohyoid B. Zygomatic bone
D. Superior constrictor of pharynx C. Frontal bone
D. Sphenoid bone
120. Meckeli’s cartilage extends from
A. Otic capsule 127. The zygomatic bone does not articulate with
B. Styloid bone A. Frontal bone
C. Hyoid cartilage B. Maxilla
D. None of the above C. Sphenoid
D. All of the above

MAXILLA

PTERYGOID BONES
121. The maxilla articulates with all of the following
bone, except
128. The pterygoid tubercle is a part of;
A. Frontal
A. Medial pterygoid plate
B. Zygomatic
B. Lateral pterygoid plate
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C. Lesser wing of sphenoid C. Body of sphenoid

D. Petrous part of temporal bone D. Apex of petrous temporal.

136. Mastoid process is

A. Absent in newborn
ORBIT
B. Present in newborn
C. Both of the above
129. The medial wall of the orbit is formed by all the
D. None of the above
following EXCEPT
A. Lacrimal bone
137. Ligament arising from the styloid process of the
B. Ethmoidal bone
temporal bone and inserting into the posterior
C. Sphenoidal bone
border of the ramus of the mandible is called?
D. Orbital plate of palatine bone
A. Temporomandibular
B. Stylomandibular
130. The floor of orbit is formed by all except
C. Sphenomandibular
A. Zygomatic bone
D. None of the above
B. Maxillary bone
C. Palatine bone
138. Stylohyoid is part of
D. Sphenoidal bone
A. Suprahyoid
B. Infrahyoid
131. The two lateral walls of the orbital are
C. Both of them
A. Parallel to each other
D. Independent
B. Perpendicular to each other
C. At obtuse angle to each other
139. The temporal bone transmits all except
D. 70 degree from the median plane
A. Facial nerve
B. Abducent nerve
132. Which of the following is the weakest part of the
C. Plexus of sympathetic nerve
orbit
D. Vestibulocochlear nerve
A. Medial wall
B. Lateral wall
140. Mastoid process appears during;
C. Floor of the orbit
A. 1st year of life
D. Roof of the orbit
B. 2nd year of life
C. 3rd year of life
D. At birth
TEMPORAL BONE

133. Suprameatal triangle externally represents

A. Transverse sinus MISCELLANEOUS
B. Promontory of middle car
C. Internal acoustic meatus
141. Air sinus which can be used as skeletal maturity
D. Mastoid antrum
indicators
A. Frontal sinus
134. Which of the following parts of cranial vault is
B. Maxillary sinus
most thin
C. Sphenoidal sinus
A. Squamous parietal
D. Ethamoidal sinus
B. Squamous temporal
C. Squamous frontal
142. Articulating surface of TMJ is covered by
D. Squamous occipital.
A. Hyaline cartilage
B. Fibrous cartilage
135. The trigeminal ganglion is related to the
C. Both of the above
A. Greater wing of sphenoid
D. None of the above
B. Lesser wing of sphenoid
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143. Sternal angle contacts to

A. Ist rib
B. 2nd rib
C. Xiphoid process
D. None of the above

144. The pectroal girdle is formed by

A. Scapula and humerus
B. Scapula and clavicle
C. Humerus and clavicle
D. Scapula, humerus and clavicle

145. Select the incorrect statement about the clavicle

A. It is the first bone to ossify in the body
B. Its shaft ossifies in cartilage
C. It is the only long bone placed horizontally
D. It is subcutaneous throughout its length
E. It is devoid of medullary cavity

146. Upon reviewing the evolutions of posture man

would fall into which are of the categories listed
below
A. Pronograde
B. Orthograde
C. Plantigrade
D. None of the above

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