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Do Growth Hormones in Food Affect INOVAŢIE

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Children? EFECTELOR POLUĂRII
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by LAWRENCE ADAMS  |  Last Updated: Oct 03, 2017 ASUPRA TENULUI
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Many parents worry about the effect of non-organic foods on the health of their children.
Eating meat from cows treated with growth hormone exposes you to chemicals that may
affect your health. The Food and Drug Administration investigates all hormones used in food
production to ensure they are safe, but concerned parents may opt for organic meat and dairy
products to be sure. Talk to your child's pediatrician about growth hormones in beef and
dairy products to determine whether they are safe for your child.

Growth Hormone Use

Most cattle farmers in the United States use growth hormones to increase a cow's size or milk
production. The FDA allows farmers to use recombinant bovine growth hormone, or rBGH, to
increase milk yield in dairy cattle. Farmers also use synthetic and natural growth hormones to
promote rapid weight gain in cattle, increasing total meat volume when the cows are
slaughtered. The FDA approves use of six different growth hormones for this purpose. These
hormones enter the meat and milk, exposing children to potentially harmful chemicals.

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 Health Concerns

Consumer advocates worry that the pervasive use of growth hormones may cause health
problems for children. Some parents believe that exposure to bovine growth hormones
causes early puberty in young girls. Reaching puberty at a young age may increase your risk of
cancer and other health problems. Another health concern is that children may develop milk
allergies in response to the hormones found in dairy products.

FDA Position

The FDA approves use of several growth hormones to increase meat and milk production in
cows and sheep. The administration periodically reviews scientific literature to assess the risk
of growth hormone use in children. The FDA claims milk and meat from treated cows do not
contain a dangerous amount of growth hormones that could pose a risk to children. The
hormone rBGH is physiologically inactive in humans; thus, it cannot lead to precocious
puberty in girls.

Scientific Evidence

Milk from rBGH-treated cows contains insulin-like growth factor, or IGF-1, a hormone that
promotes growth. In a 2010 study published in "The Journal of Clinical Investigation,"
 researcher Sara DiVall of Johns Hopkins University found that giving mice IGF-1 caused them
to enter puberty earlier. However, a study conducted by Mansanto, a manufacturer of bovine
growth hormones, found that milk from rBGH-treated cows did not have significantly higher
T
IGF-1 levels than milk from non-treated cows. Andrea Wiley, a researcher at Indiana
University, found that higher milk intake in young women is associated with early puberty, an
association possibly caused by hormones in dairy products. In general, the scientific evidence
is mixed as to whether growth hormones affect age of puberty and overall child health. More
research is needed to determine whether products from cows treated with growth hormones
48
affect child development.

Considerations

The European Union does not allow use of rBGH or other growth hormones in dairy and meat
production. The Scientific Committee on Veterinary Measures Relating to Public Health
determined that several growth hormones could increase cancer risk or cause other health
problems. Although the FDA does not corroborate these findings, concerned parents may
choose hormone-free alternatives. Non-rBGH milk and organic meat products come from
cows that remain untreated with growth hormones.

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Are Vegan Diets Safe for Children?

by LILY MEDINA  |  Last Updated: Oct 03, 2017

 
 Vegans avoid all animal products and byproducts, including meat, dairy and eggs. Some
people worry that a vegan diet lacks the essential nutrients that children need for healthy
growth, but vegan children can consume more than sufficient nutrition from fruits,
vegetables, grains and other nonanimal foods. Vegan parents should understand children’s
dietary requirements and carefully plan their children’s food and supplement consumption,
as should parents of vegetarian or omnivore children.

Plenty of Nutrients

A child on a vegan diet consumes sufficient vitamins and minerals -- o en, even more than
necessary. Vegan children eat more nutrients, more fiber and less saturated fat than other
children, according to a study in the "Journal of the American Dietetic Association."

Consequently, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Dietetic Association
support a vegan diet for children, as long as parents plan the children's diets carefully and
give their children sufficient supplements.

Lifelong Benefits

Vegan children on well-planned, properly supplemented diets grow just as well as

omnivorous children. They take in more nutrients, and establish healthier eating patterns to
 continue into adulthood. Although these children may not remain vegans throughout their
adult lives, a vegan childhood teaches an appreciation for healthy foods and helps children
develop obesity-fighting habits. The influence of these factors will continue through
T
adulthood. Vegans have significantly lower rates of some health problems, such as diabetes,
heart disease and certain cancers.

Supplements

48Even a well-planned vegan diet cannot provide all the nutrients required by a growing child’s
body. Vegans avoid dairy, a primary source of calcium. Although a few vegetables contain
calcium -- such as broccoli and kale -- most vegan children need a calcium supplement.

Many people get sufficient iron and zinc from red meat, which vegans do not eat. A child’s
vegan diet must contain sufficient zinc- and iron-rich vegetables -- such as legumes, spinach,
asparagus and some grains -- or zinc and iron supplements. A vegan child should consume
sufficient vitamin C, from either foods or a supplement, to aid the absorption of iron.

All vegan children must take a vitamin B-12 supplement; this nutrient is essential for
neurological functioning, nerve health, physical growth, blood production and overall energy.
B-12 does not occur naturally in standard vegan-friendly food sources.

Warnings

Because vegetables have relatively few calories, children who eat primarily vegetables o en
struggle to eat enough food that provides sufficient calories for energy and growth.
Additionally, a vegan diet can lack sufficient protein and healthy fats, which a child also needs
for physical development and activity.

These are only potential problems, and a well-planned, strict vegan diet can easily provide
enough calories, fats and protein. Nuts and seeds, butters made from nuts and seeds, olive oil
and avocados contain healthy fats and are dense in calories. Dried fruits contain calories
more densely than fresh fruits and vegetables. Vegan children can get protein from grains,
nuts, legumes and soy products, such as tofu and soy milk.

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