INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES

in Promoting Critical Thinking

RICHARD M. BAÑEZ
Assistant Professor I, College of Teacher Education
Batangas State University JPLPC-Malvar, Batangas
unsunghero25@yahoo.com
when STUDENTS become …

Statisticians
Subject-
Engage
Disengaged Facilitate
centered

Interpreters
Cell groups TEACHERS are …
INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking
Student Active Learning Teacher

Activate critical Craft learning

thinking opportunities

Knowledgeable
 Technological Knowledge
 Pedagogical Knowledge
Interested  Content Knowledge
Koehler, M. J., & Mishra, P. (2009). What is technological
pedagogical content knowledge? Contemporary Issues in
 Curiosity Technology and Teacher Education, 9(1), 60-70.

 Attention
Mondal, P. (ND). Importance of Curiosity, Interest, and
Attention in Teaching and Learning. Retrieved: November
27, 2017 from: http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/
teaching/importance-of-curiosity-interest-and-attention-in-
teaching-and-learning/6019.

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES
• Characterize comprehension strategies as
tools for promoting students’ critical
thinking.

• Examine ways of integrating

comprehension strategies to gain
students’ responses during classroom
interaction.

• Apply the CARE approach in designing

and planning lessons across disciplines.

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

Reading comprehension strategies
are tools that proficient readers use to
make meaning and to solve the
comprehension problems they
encounter in texts.

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

READING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES
1. Activating or building background
knowledge
2. Using sensory images
3. Questioning
4. Making predictions and inferences
5. Determining main ideas
6. Using fix-up options
7. Synthesizing
Zimmermann, S. & Hutchins, C. (2003) .Seven keys to comprehension: How to help your kids
read it and get it! New York: Three Rivers Press.
INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking
ACTIVATING OR BUILDING BACKGROUND
KNOWLEDGE
“The strong correlation between
crystallized intelligence and academic
achievement helps to explain the strong
relationship between background
knowledge (or ‘prior knowledge’ in
some studies) and achievement”
Marzano, Robert J. (2003). What works in schools: Translating research into action.
Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

ACTIVATING OR BUILDING BACKGROUND
KNOWLEDGE
SAMPLE INTEGRATION
Course: Educational Technology 2
Topic: Introducing the Internet and Other
Distance Learning Tools

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

 Choose a university offering
educational programs through Register.
an on-line platform.

Select courses aligned to the

educational program of your
choice.
Sign up in a Earn unit credits
course. in specialized
courses.

Download course materials and

accomplish tasks within a specified
time frame.
Think and Share Examining the Nature of Distance Learning

1. To which educational problem does distance

education provide solution?
2. How does this learning platform revolutionize
educational practices?
USING SENSORY IMAGES
Generating mental pictures, drawing
pictures and pictographs, and engaging in
kinesthetic activities are brain-
compatible strategies. As support
for linguistic representations, they help
learners connect both hemispheres
of the brain.
Marzano, Robert J., Debra J. Pickering, and Jane E. Pollock. (2001). Classroom instruction that
works: Research-based strategies for increasing student achievement. Alexandria, VA:
Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking
USING SENSORY IMAGES
SAMPLE INTEGRATION 1
Course: English and American Literature
Topic: Edgar Allan Poe’s Anabel Lee

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

A. Analyze the given
biographical
montage.
B. Describe Poe’s
childhood.
C. What inspires him to
be a writer?
D. Which event in his
life do you consider
as the most
miserable? Why?
E. Why did he write the
poem, Anabel Lee?
USING SENSORY IMAGES
SAMPLE INTEGRATION 2
Course: Educational Technology 2
Topic: Emerging Trends in Educational Tools
and Applications

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

How are the emerging trends in Philippine ICT can help in
alleviating the status of the country’s education?
QUESTIONING
Open-ended questions have no right
or wrong responses and support
children’s language development
because they invite elaboration and
engage the child in higher-level
thinking
Christie, James F., Billy Enz, and Carol Vukelich. (2003). Teaching language and literacy:
Preschool through the elementary grades. 2nd ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

QUESTIONING
SAMPLE INTEGRATION 1
Course: Mythology and Folklore
Topic: The Judgement of Paris

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

 A. To whom does Paris
hand the golden apple?
B. What is his basis for
making such decision?
C. If you were one of the
goddesses, how would
you convince Paris to
choose you as the fairest
among the goddesses?
D. If you were Paris, how
would you decide on
such matter?
The Judgment of Paris, an art in oil and tempera on panel by Lucas Cranach the
Elder (1472–1553), displayed at Saint Louis Art Museum
A. Compare and contrast the
method of narration used in
Lucian’s Dialogue of the Gods
and Hamilton’s Mythology in
telling the prologue to the
Trojan War.
B. Which version of The
Judgement of Paris do you like
more? Why?
QUESTIONING
SAMPLE INTEGRATION 2
Course: The Teaching of Literature
Topic: Teaching Novel

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

Teaching Literature
 Which literary theory is
appropriate in analyzing the
given novel? Why
 What activities would you
prepare in your class in support
with the literary theory?
 What lesson would you like
your student to learn about the
novel? Why?
THE TEACHING OF LITERATURE
QUESTIONING
SAMPLE INTEGRATION 3
Course: Educational Technology 2
Topic: Emerging Trends in Educational Tools
and Applications

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

 Relating the Types of Distance Learning
Activities in one’s specialization.

Student Web-Based
Research Lessons

Online Classroom Virtual Courses

Materials and Programs

1. Which of the following distance learning activities can be

best integrated in teaching your field of specialization? How
will you integrate it?
MAKING PREDICTIONS AND INFERENCES
As students immerse themselves in the
deeper “between the lines”
meanings of texts, they come to think of
reading as a “lived-through”
experience

Rosenblatt, Louise M. 1995. Literature as exploration. 5th ed. New York: Modern Language
Association of America. Scholastic Research and Results.

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

MAKING PREDICTIONS AND INFERENCES
SAMPLE INTEGRATION
Course: Mythology and Folklore
Topic: The Judgement of Paris

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

 Read Lucian's The Judgement of Paris in his Dialogues of the
Gods. The dialogue on the left is what they say to each other. On
the right is what each of them is thinking. With your partner,
write what each character really thinks.
What he/she
Character What each character says
is thinking
PARIS: It seems to me that my best judgment would You’re placing
be to give the apple to all three. For, besides my life in great
jeopardy by
everything else, this one happens to be the asking me to
sister and wife of Zeus, and these two are choose among
his daughters. Doesn't all this make the these
goddesses.
decision extremely difficult?
HERMES: I don't know. Yet it is impossible to avoid an You don’t have
a choice but to
order given by Zeus.
obey Zeus.
PARIS: Just this one request, Hermes. Convince
them—I mean the two who lose—not to
hold their defeat against me and to realize
that the fault was in my eyes.
DETERMINING MAIN IDEAS
Determining the main idea may be
one of the most valuable strategies a
21st-century reader can develop. Sorting out
what is important in the deluge of
information is key to making sense and
using information to generate
knowledge.
Moreillon, Judi. (2007). Collaborative strategies for teaching reading comprehension
:Maximizing your impact. United States of America: American Library Association

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

DETERMINING MAIN IDEAS
SAMPLE INTEGRATION 3
Course: Educational Technology 2
Topic: Emerging Trends in Educational Tools
and Applications

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

Think-Pair-Share Examining the Nature of TPACK

1. As illustrated in the video, which common

educational practices are deemed irrelevant in school
today? Why?
2. What action can be done to minimize and eradicate
these irrelevant educational practices?
USING FIX-UP OPTIONS
The importance of recognizing the need
for self-monitoring meaning-
making is a prerequisite for teaching
the fix-up options.

Moreillon, Judi. (2007). Collaborative strategies for teaching reading comprehension

:Maximizing your impact. United States of America: American Library Association

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

USING FIX-UP OPTIONS
SAMPLE INTEGRATION 1
Course: The Teaching of Literature
Topic: Theories of Teaching Literature

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

Theories of Teaching Literature
knowing the difference between a metaphor and a simile
creating a social community that supports learning literature
Progressive Movement in education

Student-centered Theory
students should make own choices for what and how they would learn
acknowledging that teacher and students shared same challenges
Freire's banking model of education
Transmission Theory
Socio-cultural Learning Theory
being motivated and engaged to read text of own choice
learning in terms of acquiring facts and knowledge about literature
Lev Vygotsky’s zone of proximalTHEdevelopment
TEACHING OF LITERATURE
USING FIX-UP OPTIONS
SAMPLE INTEGRATION 2
Course: Educational Technology 2
Topic: Introducing the Internet and Other
Distance Learning Tools

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

 Defining Distance Learning

From the pool of words, select the best phrases to complete

the definition of distance learning.
SYNTHESIZING
Synthesizing requires that readers
determine main ideas from multiple
sources, summarize information,
and add their own interpretations.

Moreillon, Judi. (2007). Collaborative strategies for teaching reading comprehension

:Maximizing your impact. United States of America: American Library Association

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

SYNTHESIZING
SAMPLE INTEGRATION
Course: Educational Technology 1
Topic: Community Resources and Field Trip

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

 Mr. Van Niez is planning to have a field trip to ABS-CBN to let his students
watch the network’s popular noon time show, Showtime, to examine the para-language
used by the its hosts in persuading and entertaining their audience. He reminds his
students that those who will not join the educational trip will be taking an extremely
difficult essay test relative to the given task. To convince the majority to join the trip, he
promised the class that they will also visit the Mall of Asia and Trinoma immediately
after the show.
If you are the school principal, would you approve Mr. Van Niez’ request in conducting
this field trip? Why? Please support your answer with existing DepEd guidelines.
How do we CARE for instruction?
1.Clarifying
2.Applying
3.Relating
4.Evaluating
INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking
How do we CARE for instruction?
SAMPLE INTEGRATION
Course: Introduction to Stylistics
Topic: The Systematicity of Metaphorical
Concepts

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

Clarifying

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

Clarifying

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

Applying

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

Relating

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

Evaluating

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

ACTIVITY
Crafting a Lesson utilizing the CARE technique
College:
Program:
Course:
Topic:
Clarifying
Applying
Relating
Evaluating

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking

HAVE WE?
• Characterized comprehension strategies
as tools for promoting students’ critical
thinking.

• Examined ways of integrating

comprehension strategies to gain
students’ responses during classroom
interaction.

• Applied the CARE approach in designing

and planning lessons across disciplines.

INTEGRATING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES in Promoting Critical Thinking