OSM601/ASM601

GRADED ASSIGNMENT 2

DATA ANALYSIS USING SPSS

Name: ________________________________ Date: __________

Group: ___________

ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS (50 MARKS)

The following study is to determine the relationship between coercive (paksaan), referent
(rujukan) powers and altruism (pemurah) among employees in DBKL. A total of 30
responses were received out of 75 questionnaires distributed.

The items for coercive power are as follows:

1. My superior can take disciplinary action against me for insubordination.

2. My superior can fire me if my performance is consistently below standards.
3. My superior can suspend me if I am habitually late in coming to work.
4. My superior can see to it that I get no pay raise if my work is unsatisfactory.

The items for referent power are as follows:

1. My superior has a pleasing personality.

2. I do not want to identify myself with my superior.
3. I admire my superior because he/she treats every person fairly.
4. I like the personal qualities of my superior.
5. I want to develop a good interpersonal relationship with my superior.

The items for altruism are as follows:

1. I help others who have heavy work load.

2. I try to avoid creating problems for co- workers.
3. I am always making a big issue out of a small matter.
4. I am always ready to lend a helping hand for my co-workers around me.
5. I help to orient new employees although I am not required to do so.

The scale used to measure the variable are as follow:

1= Strongly Disagree
2=Disagree
3=Not sure
4=Agree
5=Strongly Agree

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1 28 1 1 2 2 3 4 3 3 3 4 3

2 25 1 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

3 26 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5

4 34 1 3 3 4 5 5 4 5 5 5 4

5 33 1 3 3 4 5 5 4 5 5 5 4

6 22 2 1 1 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5

7 29 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5

8 54 2 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 4

9 29 2 2 2 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

10 29 2 2 2 3 4 5 4 4 4 5 4

11 54 1 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

12 39 1 1 3 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 4

13 38 2 3 3 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 2

14 33 2 2 2 5 4 3 4 4 4 3 4

15 36 2 3 3 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4

16 57 2 4 4 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 4

17 31 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

18 31 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

19 33 1 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

20 56 1 1 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 3

21 31 1 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

22 35 2 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

23 32 2 2 2 2 3 4 3 3 3 4 3

24 25 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

25 57 2 1 4 4 5 5 5 4 3 5 5

26 38 1 3 3 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

27 34 1 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

28 23 2 1 1 4 4 5 4 5 5 5 4

29 37 2 3 3 4 4 5 4 5 5 5 4

30 31 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

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INSTRUCTION:

Copy the data or key-in the data. Answer all questions.

QUESTION 1: MEASURING RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY (10 marks)

1. Get the Cronbach’s Alpha score for each variable. Present it in a table form.
(10 marks)

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's Cronbach's Alpha Based on N of Items

Alpha Standardized Items

.955 .956 14

Item-Total Statistics

Scale Mean if Scale Variance if Corrected Item- Squared Multiple Cronbach's Alpha
Item Deleted Item Deleted Total Correlation Correlation if Item Deleted

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1. My superior can take

disciplinary action against me 54.57 45.357 .538 . .958
for insubordination.
2. My superior can fire me if
my performance is 54.40 43.903 .841 . .950
consistently below standards.
3. My superior can suspend
me if I am habitually late in 54.20 43.959 .817 . .950
coming to work.
4. My superior can see to it
that I get no pay raise if my 54.60 43.628 .759 . .952
work is unsatisfactory.
1. My superior has a pleasing
54.40 43.145 .858 . .949
personality.
2. I do not want to identify
54.40 43.766 .781 . .951
myself with my superior.
3. I admire my superior
because he/she treats every 54.20 43.959 .817 . .950
person fairly.
4. I like the personal qualities
54.60 43.628 .759 . .952
of my superior.
5. I want to develop a good
interpersonal relationship 54.60 47.972 .576 . .956
with my superior.
1. I help others who have
54.20 43.959 .817 . .950
heavy work load.
2. I try to avoid creating
54.23 44.875 .707 . .953
problems for co-workers.
3. I am always making a big
54.60 43.628 .759 . .952
issue out of a small matter.
4. I am always ready to lend
a helping hand for my co- 54.40 43.145 .858 . .949
workers around me.
5. I help to orient new
employees although I am not 54.40 43.766 .781 . .951
required to do so.
QUESTION 2: CORRELATIONAL ANALYSIS (20 marks)

1 Draw a conceptual framework for the above study. (2 mark)

COERCIVE POWER ALTRUISM

REFERENT POWER

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2 Formulate 2 directional hypotheses for this research. (4 marks)

There is significant relationship between coercive power and altruism
There is a significant relationship between referent power and altruism
I propose to accept the hypothesis

3 Construct two simple scatter plots using Coercive and Altruism, Referent and
Altruism. Insert a title and copy and paste the scatterplot. (6 marks)

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4 Run the correlation tests. Copy and paste the results. Interpret your result based on
the p-value and significant value. (2 marks)

Correlations

Mean CP Mean RP Mean A

**
Pearson Correlation 1 .924 .888**

Mean CP Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000

N 30 30 30
**
Pearson Correlation .924 1 .977**
Mean RP Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000
N 30 30 30
** **
Pearson Correlation .888 .977 1

Mean A Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000

N 30 30 30

**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

5 Is there any relationship between coercive and altruism? Do you accept or reject your
hypotheses? (2 marks)

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There is a relationship between coercive power and altruism.

Based on the r = value = .888 and the p = value = 0.00, these results indicates there is a
significant high relationship between coercive power and altruism.
Therefore the hypothesis is accepted

6 Is there any relationship between referent and altruism? Interpret your result based
on the p-value and significant value. (2 marks)
There is a relationship between referent power and altruism.
Based on the r = value = .977 and the p = value = 0.00, these results indicates there is a
significant high relationship between referent power and altruism.
Therefore the hypothesis is accepted

7 Conclude your result from the findings of the relationship above. (2 marks)
It can be conclude that both coercive power and referent power both relation highly towards
altruism.

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QUESTION 3: COMPARISON ANALYSIS (20 marks)

1 Is there any significant difference between male and female employees towards
altruism? Run the Independent Sample T-Test and interpret the result by answering
the following questions:
a. What is the mean score for male and female? Copy and paste the table.
(2 marks)

Group Statistics

Gender N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean

Male 11 4.33 .539 .162

ALTRUISM
Female 19 4.18 .553 .127

b. State the null hypothesis. (1 mark)

There is no significant between male and female employees towards altruism.

c. Does altruism has any significant differences between male and female
employees? Do you accept or reject the hypothesis? Copy and paste the
table. (3 marks)

2 Is there any significant difference between junior and senior employees towards
altruism? Run the Independent Sample T-Test and interpret the result by answering
the following questions:
a. What is the mean score for junior and senior? Copy and paste the table.
(2 marks).

Group Statistics

Age Category N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean

Junior Employee 20 4.19 .575 .129

ALTRUISM
Senior Employee 10 4.32 .492 .155

b. State the null hypothesis. (1 mark)

There is no significant between junior and senior employees towards altruism.

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c. Does altruism has any significant differences between junior and senior
employees? Do you accept or reject the hypothesis? Copy and paste the
table. (3 marks)

3 Conclude your results based on the above analysis. (4 marks)

Based on my observation, there is no significant between gender and years of service
toward altruism.

4 Print screen the NEW variable view and data view of your file that has been
analyzed. (4 marks)

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