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Ikiam University

Applied Hydrology
Name: Oscar Enrique Lucas Solis
How to build a Wind Rose Diagram
Introduction

The wind is a variable that is defined as the movement of air, has great importance in fields such
as navigation and aerodynamics. In meteorology, both vertical and horizontal movements of air
are studied, but in general horizontal movements are those that are determined "wind" (Martinez,
2010). The changes in both speed and direction of the wind depend on the meteorological and
orographic conditions of the place, which is why it is of great importance to know the climate of
a place and be able to take advantage of it, one of the applications is wind energy for get other
types of energy (Font, 2007). The Wind rose is a diagram that helps to understand the behavior
of the wind in a place so, in the present practice the objective is to build said diagram.

Methodology and data


1) One month was chosen to download the stored wind speed and direction data at the Ikiam
University meteorological station.
2) The time information of the wind direction and speed was condensed in an Excel file for the
month of August 2017.
3) The values of degrees were passed to their respective cardinal points, using the table in
Figure 1.

Figure 1.- Directions and their range of values in degrees.


4) Six categories were defined for the wind speed taking into account the maximum value of
3[m/s] and the minimum of 0.2 [m/s]. The categories were determined by the following ranges:

0,2<=WS<0,3 0,3<=WS<0,5 0,5<=WS<0,7 0,7<=WS<0,9 0,9<=WS<1,1 WS>=1,1

5) The number of events for each direction and for each wind speed were calculated in
percentages of the total, in addition the average value of wind speeds for each direction was
calculated.
6) Finally, we proceeded to generate the 4 graphics:
• 1 Wind rose diagram.
• 2 histograms representing the distribution of wind speed and direction separately.
• 1 radial chart that represents the average speeds for each direction.
Results and Discussion
N
200
180
160
NO NE
140
120
100
80 0,2<=WS<0,3
60
40 0,3<=WS<0,5
20
O 0 E 0,5<=WS<0,7

0,7<=WS<0,9

0,9<=WS<1,1

WS>=1,1
SO SE

S
Figure 2. Wind rose diagram from august of 2017.

In Figure 2 it can be seen that the winds in August 2017 have a greater tendency to move
towards the South or Southeast. Also, velocity values tend to be less than 1 [m/s] so that higher
values are few. In Meteoblue, a platform to observe the climate of different places from the
creation of meteorological models with data compiled since 1985, it can be verified that the
winds of the Amazon have to be directed towards the south and that the month of August is one
of the months with the lowest wind speeds. This period of light winds lasts from June to
October.

Average Speeds (m/s)


N
0,8
NO 0,6 NE
0,4
0,2
O 0 E

SO SE

Figure 3.- Average speeds for each direction of winds from august of 2017.
In Figure 3 it can be seen that the high wind speeds were directed towards the west, which may
be due to an outlier that appeared on August 15, 2017 with an average speed of 3 [m/s] and with
a maximum speed of 8.9 [m/2], which is far from the average and may cause this trend to be
observed. The data of the station are generally very low for the wind speed, this can be due to
the topography of the place and the proximity of the university campus station. On the other
hand, the winds continue to have a tendency to be faster towards the south.

45
Percentage of events (%)

40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
N NE E SE S SO O NO

Figure 4.- Distribution of wind direction for august of 2017.


60
Percentage of events (%)

50

40

30

20

10

0
0,2<=WS<0,3 0,3<=WS<0,5 0,5<=WS<0,7 0,7<=WS<0,9 0,9<=WS<1,1 WS>=1,1
Figure 5.- Distribution of wind speed classes for august of 2017.

Finally, in Figure 4 and 5 the statements made above can be supported, because the distribution
of wind direction for August 2017 has a tendency towards the South, which may be due to the
fact that in this month the intertropical convergence zone it is moving from north to south, while
the wind speed distribution has a tendency for values in the range between 0.3 [m / s] and 0.5
[m/s].

Conclusions

The Wind rose diagram is very useful to understand the behavior of the winds (speed and
direction) in a place, being able to analyze the causes or factors that intervene in said
meteorological variable. It is possible to check meteorological information that has been
modeled, with the help of this type of tools.

It is possible to conclude that in the month of August of 2017 the winds tend to be light and to
be directed generally towards the south.
References
Font, I. (2007). Climatología de España y Portugal. 2nd ed. Salamanca: Universidad de
Salamanca.
Martínez, F. (2010). Meteorología aplicada a la navegación. 2nd ed. Barcelona: Edicions UPC.

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