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5 11
X1 , 2 Thermocouprl
Thermocouple
Fuse 40A 6 12 X1 , 1
Experimental setup
Charge Controller
Circuit + -
breaker
An experimental model is built to test a cooling system, 40A
Control box
Battery
X2 , 2
X2 , 1
X2 , 2
Motor Fan
parts: a charger controller is used to limit electrical current
Bridge Rectif Relay
220 V 220 V L N+ - + -
+ -
which is charged or discharged from a battery, and an inverter
X2 , 6
X2 , 5
X3 , 5
X3 , 2
X3 , 3
X3 , 4
cooling system is modified to be the thermal ventilation system Compresser Cool Fan
12 VDC 12 VDC
which is installed under the solar panel to reduce operating
temperature of the solar cell. The thermal ventilation system
Fig. 3. the schematic diagram of temperature control
consists of a compressor swash plate, an evaporator, a
condenser, a filter – dryer receiver, an expansion valve and a
Experimental Results
discharge line, as well as a 1-phase 220V 2hp motor used to
drive the compressor.
To evaluate correlation between electrical parameters and
A temperature control system is installed to control
operating temperature of a solar panel, experiment is divided
compressor operation which switches on/off the cooling system
into two case studies: a photovoltaic system without the thermal
at a set temperature value, and display values of voltage,
ventilation system and a photovoltaic system with the thermal
current and temperature to users. The temperature control
ventilation system. Typically, electrical energy generated from
system is designed to operate when ambient temperature is
a solar panel is discontinuous, depending on solar irradiance
higher than 25 °C, and is shown by a schematic diagram in Fig.
and temperature. Thus, results are tested five days (test1, test2,
3.
test3, test4, and test5) in each case study to find trends of
electrical parameters as shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 for the cases
of without the thermal ventilation system and with the thermal
ventilation system respectively. The electrical parameters
Voltage (V)
40
60
Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Test 4 Test 5
30
50
20
Voltage (V)
6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00
40 Time
30 (a) Voltage
9
Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Test 4 Test 5
20
6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 8
Time
Current (A)
(a) Voltage 7
9
Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Test 4 Test 5
6
8
Current (A)
5
6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00
7
Time
6 (b) Current
360
Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Test 4 Test 5
5 340
6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00
Time 320
300
Power (W)
(b) Current
280
360
Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Test 4 Test 5 260
340
240
320
220
300
Power (W)
200
6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00
280
Time
260
10 References
9
8
46.8 °C (Test 1)
[1] R.J. Wai, W.H. Wang and C.Y. Lin, “High-Performance
7 Stand-Alone Photovoltaic Generation System,” in IEEE
6
44.1 °C (Test 2) Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 240-250,
Current (A)
5
27-35 °C (Test 2) Efficiency of Solar Cells,” Smart Grid and Renewable Energy, vol.
1, no. 1, pp. 47-50, 2010.
4 27-35 °C (Test 3)
[7] Y. Du, C.J. Fell, B. Duck, D. Chen, K. Liffman, Y. Zhang, M. Gu,
3 27-35 °C (Test 4) Y. Zhu, “Evaluation of photovoltaic panel temperature in realistic
2
27-35 °C (Test 5)
scenarios,” Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 108, pp.
1 60-67, 15 January 2016.
0 [8] M.C. Alonso García, J.L. Balenzategui, “Estimation of
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Voltage (V) photovoltaic module yearly temperature and performance based
on Nominal Operation Cell Temperature calculations,”
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[9] A. Mohamed and T. Khatib, “Correlation for estimating solar cell
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Chicago, IL, USA, pp. 1-5, 2014.
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effect of high temperature. Especially, around midday that has “Performance enhancement of solar photovoltaic cells using
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Acknowledgment photovoltaic system with cooling system for domestic
applications,” Int J Eng Adv Technol, vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 2249-8958,
The author wishes to acknowledge financial support from 2014.
Faculty of Engineering Thonburi University research fund.