Why is Rizal the greatest filipino hero? By Esteban A.

makabayan
de Ocampo Deconcentration: bawal lumabas sa kampo

-Answered two questions; (1) bakit siya ang

pinakadakilang bayani at (2) sino ang pumili sa kanya
-According to Webster, may tatlong kahulugan ang
salitang bayani: (a) a prominent or central person taking
an admirable part in any remarkable action or event
(yugto ng kasaysayan) (b) a person of distinguished valor
or enterprise in danger or fortitude in suffering (may
tapang, kagitingan) (c) a man honored after death by
public worship because of exceptional service to mankind
(kamatayan)
-other writers were mentioned in the book: (a) Marcelo H.
Del Pilar: La Soberania Monacal (Monastic Supremacy in
the Phil) (b) Graciano Jaena: Discursos y Articulos Varios
(c) Antonio Luna: Impresiones (d) Pedro Paterno: Ninay
-Ninay: kauna-unahang pilipinong kasulatan
-Clase media (middle class): principalia and illustrado
1. Principalia: own fields cultivated by their various
retainers, even though traditional land rights had been
limited to usufruct.; heirs of pre-Spanish nobility(usually
land-owners)
-Emilio Aguinaldo was a principalia.
2. Ilustrado: pangkaisipan, namulat sa lideralismo
-Rizal is an ilustrado.
-KKK: (a) bayani: Rizal (b) katipunan: anak ng bayan (c)
kawal: GOMBURZA
-Rizal was a “conscious hero”.
1. Reluctant revolutionary
2. Revolutionary reformist
3. Bourgeoisie reformist
4. Reformist revolutionist
-Anong nangyari after mapiling bayani si Rizal? (a)
certain groups of people believed that Rizal is a mighty
someone (b) overshadowed the revolution (c) nakalimutan
natin na may iba pa palang bayani
-unregenerate (ayaw makicooperate sa group).. Sino??
-Why Americans chose Rizal?
1. For benevolent assimilation- product of Americans with
importance of education, Rizal as a role model
2. Rizal was not anti-American
3. Eksaktong eksakto na Rizal was an ilustrado
4. Rizal will stand as a symbol para mamagnify yung galit
natin sa mga Kastila and makalimutan ng mga Pilipino na
they were colonized by the Americans
5. Rizal wanted reformist, not a separatist- pinapatay ng
mga Americans yung nationalismo by implementing the
following:
a. Flag law: bawal iwagayway ang flag
b. Sedition law: declared unlawful any peaceful or overt
means such as speech, printing, publication and circulation
of any material that encourages the Filipinos to fight
against the American colonial rule in the Philippines.
c. Brigandage law: nagbabawal sa mga Filipino na
magtayo o bumuo ng mga samahan at kilusang
Tabungar, Kaezzy Ila B.
PI-100
Introduction to PI-100
Rizal law- Recto bill
-mandated subject
1956: naipasa
-RA 1425: Rizal law; pinagtibay June 12, 1956
-60 years na
-submitted the law: Jose B. Laurel (from the lower house)
-written by Claro M. Recto in the upper house
a. Recto was a nationalist senator, anti-colonial, anti-
American
b. Pangunahing tauhan behind this act that mandated this
subject
-also called as “Recto Bill”
-August 16,1956: required public and private universities
to have one subject that will tackle on Rizal’s life and
works`
-Relevance of this bill: 1956: after world war, may
kaguluhan sa central luzon, there was social unrest... For
“formative and decisive years”
To develop within the citizens the following:
1. moral character
2. Personal discipline
3. Civic conscience
4. Duties of citizenship
-300 000 was the budget for this
Recto vs. Catholic church
Nakalaban ni Recto ang Catholic church about this. Ayaw
ipabasa ng simbahan ang noli at el fili dahit hindi dawkaya
idigest ng mga tao and nakakoffend daw sa catholic faith
a. 170 passages: Noli Me tangere
b. 50 passages: El filibusterismo
-nagbanta ang simbahan na kung ituloy yung bill na ito ay
isasarado nila lahat ng cathloic schools; sagot ni Recto: go
lang, inanationalize nalang yung mga schools na ito
-church wanted “expurgated copies”
-Recto wanted “unexpurgated copies”
-in the end, walang nagawa yung church however they
arrived at an agreement na pwede magsulat ng affidavit
kung hindi kayang magbasa ng el fili at noli
American made hero Rizal
-Americans chose Rizal as the national hero of the
Filipinos
-1900, William Howard Taft: first american civil governor
-led a committee with 4 Americans and 4 Filipinos who
studied different potential bayanis and chose among them
with the use of 4 criterias:
1. Dapat Pilipino
2. Dapat patay
3. Dapat makabayan
4. Dapat peaceful and kalmado
Aside from the Rizal, the following heroes were included
in the roster:
a. Marcelo H. del Pilar
b. Graciano Lopez Jaena
c. Emilio Jacinto
d. Antonio Luna
-At first, it was Marcelo del Pilar who was chosen by the
committee however another criteria was added
5. Dapat dramatic na pagmamatay; hence,
-Rizal was the one chosen as the national hero
-bumaril kay Rizal: Filipino firing squad- nasa likod nila
was the Spanish firing squad
-request ni Rizal na harap siyang barilin- denied
-request na wag sa ulo, sa harap lang ng katawan- granted
-”consunatumir”????- it has been done
-binigyan ng mercy shot: 7:03- patay na!
-all the others died at the same year, 1896
-there is no law that declared Rizal as the national hero
Rizal as the national hero
-Act # 243: lugar sa MNL na paglalagyan ng bantayog ni
Rizal
-disenyo ng nasa luneta: was made by the winner of an
international competition sponsored by the government
-ang 2nd na disenyo ang nakalagay dun sa Luneta dahil
yung mga materials ng 1st prize ay hindi pwedeng ipasok
sa pinas
-1st prize: Carlos Nicoli from Italy- to the martyr of
bagumbayan
-2nd prize: Richard Kissling, a Swiss- guiding star
-Dec. 1912: tinayo ang guiding star
-Statue in Luneta is made up of:
a. Bronze from switzerland
b. Has a rhombus platform (base)
c. Solid granite blocks
d. Obelisk: 50 ft
e. Dati linagyan ng aluminum pylon but tinaggal later on
because it pangit daw
-the statue has members of “Knights or Rizal” surrounding
it
-Act #137: bahagi ng pasig ay pinangalanag Rizal;
organized the “politico-military district of Morong” into
“Province of Rizal”.
-Kauna-unahang bantayog ni Rizal is not the one in
Luneta but is located in siyudad ng Daet, Camarines Norte
-1898: Masons were there and they made a marker in
honor of Rizal