Worksheet 8.

Name: ___________________________ ( ) Class: ______ Date: __________

For the following word equation, follow through the steps to get the ionic equations.

a. Dilute hydrochloric acid + aq. magnesium hydroxide  aq. Magnesium chloride + water

Step 1: Write down all the ions found in the substances (if applicable)
H+ + Cl- + Mg2++ OH-  Mg2+ + Cl- + H2O
Step 2: Chemical formula of substances
Chemical formula: 2HCl (aq) + Mg(OH)2(aq)  MgCl2 (aq) + 2H2O (l)
Step 3: Balance equation
Step 4: Include state symbols
Step 5: Split “aqueous” substances into individual ions, ensure the number of ions is the same as
that reflected in the chemical formula. (i.e. Na 2SO4  2Na+ and 1SO42- / 2KOH  2K+ and
2OH-. Remember that formula of ions DO NOT change!)
Ionic formula: 2H+ + 2Cl- + Mg2++ 2OH-  Mg2+ + 2Cl- + H2O
Step 6: Cancel common ions
Step 7: Re-write equation, include state symbols and ensure ratio is reduced to the lowest.
Ionic equation: H+ (aq) + OH- (aq)  H2O (l)

b. Dilute sulfuric acid + lead (II) nitrate  lead(ll) sulfate + dilute nitric acid

Step 1: Write down all the ions found in the substances (if applicable)
H+ + SO42- + Pb2+ + NO3-  Pb2+ + SO42- + H++ NO3-
Step 2: Chemical formula of substances
Chemical formula : H2SO4 (aq) + Pb(NO3)2 (aq)  PbSO4(s) + 2HNO3(aq)
Step 3: Balance equation
Step 4: Include state symbols
Step 5: Split “aqueous” substances into individual ions, ensure the number of ions is the same as
that reflected in the chemical formula.
Ionic formula: 2H+ + SO42- + Pb2+ + 2NO3-  PbSO4 + 2H++ 2NO3-
Step 6: Cancel common ions
Step 7: Re-write equation, include state symbols and ensure ratio is reduced to the lowest.
Ionic equation: Pb2+(aq) + SO42- (aq)  PbSO4(s)

c. Calcium hydroxide + dilute nitric acid  calcium nitrate + water

Step 1: Write down all the ions found in the substances (if applicable)
Ca2+ + OH- + H+ + NO3-  Ca2+ + NO3- + H2O
Step 2: Chemical formula of substances
Chemical formula : Ca(OH)2 (aq) + 2HNO3(aq)  Ca(NO3)2 (aq) + 2H2O(l)

Step 3: Balance equation

Step 4: Include state symbols
Step 5: Split “aqueous” substances into individual ions, ensure the number of ions is the same as
that reflected in the chemical formula.
Ionic formula: Ca2+ + 2OH- + 2H+ + 2NO3-  Ca2+ + 2NO3- + 2H2O

Step 6: Cancel common ions

Step 7: Re-write equation, include state symbols and ensure ratio is reduced to the lowest.
Ionic equation: H+ (aq) + OH- (aq)  H2O (l)

d. Calcium nitrate + dilute sulfuric acid  calcium sulfate + dilute nitric acid
Step 1: Write down all the ions found in the substances (if applicable)
Ca2+ + NO3- + H+ + SO42- Ca2+ + SO42- + H++ NO3-

Step 2: Chemical formula of substances

Chemical formula : Ca(NO3)2 (aq) + H2SO4 (aq)  CaSO4 (s) + 2HNO3(aq)
Step 2: Balance equation
Step 4: Include state symbols
Step 5: Split “aqueous” substances into individual ions, ensure the number of ions is the same as
that reflected in the chemical formula.
Ionic formula: Ca2+ + 2NO3- + 2H+ + SO42- CaSO4 (s) 2H++ 2NO3-
Step 6: Cancel common ions
Step 7: Re-write equation, include state symbols and ensure ratio is reduced to the lowest.
Ionic equation: Ca2+ (aq) + SO42- (aq)  CaSO4 (s)