BWRO MOTOR

SUBMITTED BY: Muhammad Hasan Usama

SUMMER INTERNSHIP

DATE OF SUBMISSION: June, 18th 2015.

SUBMITTED TO: Sir Hammad

M. Hasan Usama BWRO MOTOR

What is BIL?

BIL (Basic Insulation Level) refers to the ability of electric equipment to withstand lightning
surges. When lightning impulse over voltage appears in the system, it is discharged through
surge protecting devices before the equipment’s of the system get damaged. The ability of
these electrical devices must be designed to withstand a certain minimum voltage before the
lightning impulse over voltage gets discharged through surge protecting devices. This minimum
voltage rating is defined as BIL or basic insulation level of electrical equipment.

Why DC supply is used in operating Circuit breaker coils?

In AC the voltage source changes the polarity of its output regularly; AC will go every 10
milliseconds to Zero in 50 Hz. By contrast, in DC circuits, the current flow is unidirectional due
to the fixed polarity of the voltage source.

While breaking a circuit, it is easy to form such arcs and if they are not extinguished in time they
will lead to device overheating and ultimately to fire. AC circuit breakers are not equipped well
enough to deal with such arcs, whereas DC circuit breakers have special arc chutes to capture
arcs and extinguish them safely, hence they are highly recommended for the protection of
expensive electrical devices.

If Capacitive load is used the arc will generate or not?

When you open the circuit to a capacitive load, the instantaneous voltage across the switch is
simply the difference between the driving voltage and the capacitor voltage at the instant of
opening. This is benign. Closing the switch is a hazard if it is done at an instant where the
voltage difference is not zero because the capacitor will draw a large current spike to charge to
the driving voltage.

Inductive loads are benign when you close the switch (other than core saturation hazards), but
a problem when the current is interrupted by opening the switch. That causes the inductor
voltage to zoom to extreme levels as the inductor attempts to maintain current constant.
Capacitive load = over-current hazard on closing switch, inductive load = over-voltage hazard on
opening switch; the problems are duals of each other. For real components the peak capacitor
current will be limited by short circuit impedance of the driving source, and peak inductor
voltage will be limited by shunt conductance such as stray capacitance in the winding, or by
insulation breakdown worst case.
M. Hasan Usama BWRO MOTOR

CIRCUIT BREAKER NAMEPLATE PARAMETERS:

Rated Operating Voltage (U):

This is the voltage at which the circuit breaker has been designed to operate under normal conditions.

Rated Current (In):

Rated Current is electric current that circuit breaker can continuously carry while remaining within its
temperature rating.

SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (ISC):

The maximum current a CB can with stand in case of fault. The tripping set point must be set within the
limits of the short circuiting current to prevent any damage to the breaker.

TTH :
The maximum time for which the CB can carry the short circuit current without any damage to the
device.

IMPULSE VOLTAGE (UW):

This is the maximum voltage that the insulation of the circuit breaker (BIL) can withstand.

RATED OPERATING SEQUENCE:

The logical series of procedures that constitute the task for a circuit breaker.
O - t – CO – t’ -CO:
Where,
O = Open , CO = Close Open
t = 0.3 seconds for circuit breaker intended for rapid auto reclosing
t’ = 3 minutes for CB not intended for rapid auto reclosing for the second time.