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Kantipur Diagnostic Center

(Poly Clinic)
Sankhamool, Naya Baneshwor
P.O. Box : 2477 KTM
Phone : 4784994, 4782386, 4780992
Fax: 01-4784995
Email kdcrdj@ntc.net.np
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kfrM sfj}u'  . aLx]dfn  . cn] pyfo\]
lh+ bo] sfRjgfu' g]jf cfvMofu'
cIf/af]w j0f{dfnf v+sf]klt+ j
hg]{nof skf:ofOu'  .
zfSoh'+ j k"0f{sfhL+nf j hg]{noft
afFnfs Dx;LgL .
zfSoh' j
k"0f{sfhL — -5Kjf Dx't'+_ ;GtfgAa];fn]hf lhlk+
drfx]ltlg j}Baf  Û
rqmjL/ — j}Baf Û j hg]{n w}D x ;'n] <
j}Baf — -/f]ifk"0f{ efj+_ /f0ff ;/sf/of kfn]
k'ln; uf]: jf/fof xflsd sf .
-6]lnkmf]gofu' 3+6L jO{_
zfSoh' — -l/l;e/NXjgf_ xfonf], === vM
=== === 5' woflbdfn === cF sfsf
aLTogf -l/l;e/ GXofsf_ j}Baf  Û
l5u' kmf]g soflb;F .
j}Baf — -5Ss rfof_ ;'y]+kmf]g ofDx .
-j}Bafg+ erf 3';'Ss d]r  GXofsf l/l;e/HjgL .
;sn]+ j}Bafkfv] :j}RjgL_
j}Baf — -l/l;e/Hjgf_ xfonf], === ;' < P
=== sdnnf === cF === lhyfo 5]F`\
jgf wofnf === vM === 5]FRjf]+lkGt
lh k/f]ksf/] jg]Togf wofysfu'
=== cF === 5fo\ afa' < === sn]h  ]
kfnfof uf] i7L === u'an] < ===
P, cfj} u' kf?v'Gx'nf  < -lGxnf
lGxnf_ xfg+ Jofs/ 0fof ljifon]
gf]
+jfs]u' sfo{qmd tof wofnf <
=== co;f cf d]lkGt gf]+jfls/]
=== la;u{ofu' ljifon] gf]+jfs]u'  <
-emg OltOlt lGxnf_ cF cF, t/lh+
efiffo\ la;u{oft dfGotfx]dlaof,
xfg+ la;u{ofu'af/] 5' gf]+jfo]u'  < ===
cF ====cF t/cy]dv' === cF vM,
lhu' l;4fGt hf la;u{ofu' yf;]
n'Ktfsf/ to]u' cyjf la;u{x] dto]u'
=== === Ho" Ho" yyu' /fo Kj+s]u' h";f
lhg+ xfhL/HjL === bo\ afa' bo\ ===
nf]d+s]dv' === nf]d+s]dv'  . === sf
sf, emLu' Jofs/0f]Ps?ktf xo]u'
afa'lklgu' k|oTg ;kmn HjL dfnsf .
-j}Bafg+ l/l;e/ Sj] tO{_
zfSoh' — j}Baf  Û wfTy]+ Yj la;u{ofaf/] yy]x]
w}u' 5u" Sjft'u' k|fdfl0fs lgod bo]s]
dfn, cn]hs Jofs/0f]Ps?ktf jO{ .
j}Baf — zfSoh', 5lkG;+nf sn]h] g]kfnefiff
lgbF Aj+sflaHofo] w'+sn, 5lklgu'
l;4fGtg+ nf b} gL . cfnf cKkf]
cg'ejg+ ofgflaHofo]w'+sn, 5lklgu'
l;4fGt 5'n]la;u{ to]u' of dto]u' <
zfSoh' — j}B af Û kfnfofu' uf] i7L lht g+
;Mtftu' b', lhu' l;4fGt cgx]sg] .
syx+
yf}+sGx] 7
no\kf}
ljzfn g]kfnof
lgdf{0f
lh+ y'OsfMu' sy+ ljzfn g]kfnof lgdf{0f, pQ/
k|frLg sflngkfv] g]kfnof k|Voft lnR5lj zf;s
>L wd{b]j j jof sfo >L dfgb]jof /fhTjsfno\ h"u'
vM . y'lsof oyfy{ vF ;Djt\ #*^ -O{=;+= $^$_ o\
lnR5lj zf;s >L dfgb]j+ bo]s"u' rfª\ug' f/fo0f
:yfgo\ u?8 b'u' yfdo\ lsoftMu' clen]v+ af+nfs
l;Os] k'm  . yy] ljzfn /fHoof ;+:yfkg Rjo\
GXoAjoflk+ zf;sto\u' kfno\ bsno\ Gxfkf+ h"u'
wofu' :ki6 h"  .
lnkf jof !% cf}FztfAbL Ono\ sgf{6sj+zL
zf;s >L oIf dNn+ ljzfn g]kfn /fHoof lgdf{0f
ofo]ul' nO g]kfnL hgtfof g]t[Tj ofMu' vFg]b ' .
jofMu' /fhTjsfno\ g]kfnof /fHo l;dfgf k"j{kfv]
aË b]z, klZrdkfv] uf]/vf, pQ/kfv] Gxo\Gx'of
nF j blIf0fof ;'/gbL  uËfts GogfRj+u' vF jofMu'
j+zh eQmk'/of zf;s >L huHhf]ltd{Nn lj/lrt
…g/klthorof{:j/f]bo lblksfÚ gfdof u|Gyof
cWoog ofgf emL;F l;Osfsfo]k'm .
8 yf} +sGx]
no\kf}
ààxl//fd hf]zL
æcf;Lb ljZjljzf]le lgDd{nozf]/fzf} /3f]Gjo]
ljVoftf] ho oIfdNn g[kltbf]tfjbftfzo  .
of] /fHo+ ldlynf+ ljlhTo duw+ uTjf uof+ kf}?iffb
of] g]kfnos06sd\ Ao/rolHhTjf g[kfg kfAj{tfg\  ..
k|fRof+of] aËb]z+ tbg' ;'/gbL+ blIf0f] lblUjefu]
ljVoftM klZrdfof+ k|ljn;bl;gf uf]/vfkfn kftM  .
e"ld+ ;KtfxuDkfdlk wgblbzf] of]˜jwLs[To e'jTjf
/]d]bf} b{08zf}08M k|v/t/n;Tsf08sf]808kfl0f  ..
— g/klthorof{:j/f]bo bLlksf, zfs] !%#^
ss{k}lqsof cg';f/ j+ ef]6of l;sf/hf]ª g+
Tofs"u' vM . xfg+ !% cf}FztfAbL O{kfv]RjoftMu'
of]lugLtGq gfds u|Gyo\ g]kfnof k"jL{ l;dfgfof
…s~rghª\3fÚ lxdlzv/oft g]kfnof vM wsfM
GXoAjoftMu' b'ul' n g+ oIf dNnof /fhTjsfnof
Rjo\ GXoAjofMu' pu' If]q g]kfn /fHo cGtu{tof b'g]
nfMu' oyfy{oft k'li6 ofgflap .
æg]kfn:o s~rgflb|d\ a|Dxk'q:o ;Ëd  .
s/tf]ofd\ ;df/Eo ofjb lbSs/jfl;gLd\  ..Æ
— of]lugL tGq
y'u' oyfy{tf kfv]+ >L wd{b]j, dfgb]j j oIf
dNnof /fhTjsfno\ ljzfn g]kfn /fHoof lgdf{0f
h'Ow'+s"u' vFo\ 5'+ z+sf db'u' :ki6 h" .
y'lsof cGgt/jt{dfg sfno\ >L %
k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxof /fhTjsfno\ xfg+ ljzfn g]kfn
/fHoof lgdf{0fof Hof >Lu0f]z ofgf jof ;Gtfg sfo\
5o\lklgu' kfno\ k"0f{tf h"u' vM;fg+ g]kfn–cª\uh
bYjL h"u' o'4lnkf hs yf}+of g]kfnof /fHo l;dfgf
lglZrt h"u' vM  . yy] ljzfn g]kfn /fHoof lgdf{0fo\
Rjo\ GXoAjoflk+ zf;sto\u' dxTj+ hfMu' of]ubfgof 
vFo\ 5' g+ z+sf db'u' kSsf vF Wjfy'Os]k'm .
Rjo\ GXoAjofu' oyfy{tfof vFo\ ljzfn g]kfn 
lgdf{0fof Hofo\ GXoAjoflk+ zf;s lklgu' e"ldsf
dxTjk"0f{ b'u' vF :ki6 h"  . t/ j+zfg'ut /fhtGqo\
cy]g+ ;' g+ zf;s t;s+ le+ rl/q h'n wfo]j+ t'+ jof
;Gtfg pln x] ;Rrl/qjfg h'O wofu' db'  . cn]
pu' le+u' :jefjof zf;sof cGTo w'+sf h'Ou' jof
;Gtfgt u'lng+ zf;st af+dnfu' :jefj h'Olk+ g
bofRjlgO  . chf]u' cj:yfo\ b]zo\ cGofo, cTofrf/
j c/fhstfof g+ cj:yf jOu' :jefljs vM  .
>L % k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxof 5o\ >L % /0faxfb'/
zfxg+ yM x] b]zof zflGtlk|o hgtfoft b]z+ lkltgf
]| b'Mv lapu' Jofks rrf{ h'ofRj+u' b' æslrdrf
lkt'+uÆ' d]+of cWoog+ oyfy{oft pnfAo"u' b' . d]u' Yj
h'h+' ygof lg/Lx hgtfoft hs dv' cg]sf}F ljVoft
b]jb]jLoft g+ :o+sf Wj:t ofo]t lnd:jM  . Yj h'h+'
xg'dfgWjfsfo\ Rj+u' tn]h' ejfgLoft b08 laOt Yj
;/sf/+ k'hf/Loft ;Mtf yy] wfMu' b'—
æx'F l5dL b]jL ;L w'+sn, cf jofu' cGTo
s[of ofo]dfn, ofsg+ lrQf bo]sf dzfg3f6o\ l5kL+
Vjofg x'+Æ
k'hf/Loft yy] x'sd' ofgf ;/sf/L sd{rf/Lto\t
lrQf bo]s] laof tn]h' ejfgLoft lrQfo\ to]t xo]s]
lan  . cn] xfg+ yy] x'sd' lan—
æk'hf/L Zd;fg ts VjVj+ jgf tn]h'
ejfgLoft cGToi6L s[of ofÆ
;/sf/L sd{rf/Llk;+ yy] lapu' cfb]z sy+ Hof
yf}+sGx] 9
no\kf}
ofgf ejfgLoft 3f6o\ts VjVj+ o+sf cGTo;+:sf/
oft  . lnkf ;'+ JolQm+ ejfgLoft b]un] k'gM :yfkgf
ofgflan .
xfg+ d]Dx zf;s+ g]kfn ;Dk"0f{ lxGb" hutof
t“ lksfo] dk'mlg
cf/fWob]jL h'ofRj+Dx u'Xo]Zj/Lb]jLof of]lg¿k
s'08o\ txfsMu' kF b'5\jof dGyg ofgflan  .
6'+l8v]no\ Rj+Dx dxf+sfn e}/jof ax] /fHoof kfn]
Gxfo\ Wogflan . yf}+t s j Gxf;o\ jxMof Gxfo\ bo]sf 
5'gf Tjk'oftMu' b' .
cy] x] yfo\yf;o\ Rj+lk+ xf/lt, lztnfb]jLof
d"lt{t k|lti7flkt h'ofRj+u' b' . j d"lt{oft g+ >L %
/0faxfb'/ zfx yDx+ x] yfo\yf;o\ jgf v's/' L+ kfnf ààx]/f/Tg zfSo
Gxfo\, Gxfo\k+ cflb Wogf g ;/sf/L sd{rf/Lkfv]+
lvrf cflbof dnd"qof w"k y+s]lapu' g+ b' . aMnflk;+ x] cKjM gOu' h'n
Rjo\ GXoygfu' ljleGg cfwf/o\ Yj vF :ki6 d]lklgu' Aj g+ Old;+ KjlrOu' h'n
h" ls g]kfn  lgdf{0fof Hofo\ ;'g+ 5Dx hs zf;s+ Gofo nf tMlwDx Gof+ g'lgu' h'n
rLlwlk+ Gof nf Oldu' Kjfyo\ nfOu' h'n .
hs dv' a? xhf/f}F bF GXojMlg;]+ ljljw JolQmto\u'
of]ubfg b' wofu' vF ;'lglZrt h"u' vFg]b ' . t/ j
cGofo h'Os sfMu' yMx] hMlklgu'
of]ubfgof cfwf/o\ j+zfg'ut /fhtGqof clgjfo{tf
r'+Os xfn] x] dhLs Dx't' KjfMltOu'
oft l7s h" wfo]ldn]dh" . 5fo\ wfM;f 5Dx h'h' :ofMu' g'uM3fM tof+ to] dk}mu'
le+Dx h'Oj+ jof ;Gtfg g+ le+Dx x]h'OdfM wofu' db' td+ cn] Oldu' ;Qf n]x]+ ylgu' .
wofu' vF Rjo\ GXoyg]w'gu' h'n . xfg+ g]kfof 5Dx
zf;s+ hgtfof rfxgf sy+ Joj:yf sfod ofo]u' d]lklg lxrMlt df]Nx'of RjgLlk+
dg;fo g+ /fhsLo 3f]if0ff ofo]w+s ' f cGto\ jofu' cGofo cTofrf/ nfsfhs sfOlk+
d[To' h'n wfM;f jof ;Gtfg+ zf;s+ pu' 3f]if0ffoft  Gx+s]t emLlk+ xf bg]y]+ HjLdfMlk+
xfg+ lxOsf yMt ldn]h" sy+ Joj:yf ofOu' ;sl;g+ 1f+ bof, Uofgf emL lnlrnf Rj+lk+ .
l;pu' vF vM  . yy] jf:tljs k|flKt g]kfnof j+zfg'ut
/fhtGqof abnf nf]su0ftGqof k|lti7f h"u' ;gftg
k/Dk/fof cg'sn ' x] vM wsfM wfo]u' x] plrt h" y]+
Rj+  . emLu' cf/fWob]j eujfg lzj u0f Joj:yfof
k|jt{s vM;f gfk u0f]BMof ¿ko\ k|Voft h"u' g+ pu'
vFoft k'li6 ofM .
 cg'= – ?lSd0fL >]i7

10 yf} +sGx]
no\kf}
 àà8f= cfgGb hf]zL

&

emLk' xfOs'
ad tHoft
Wj:t a:tL, w" j s'F
cx+of lnRjM .

! $ *
æ:jÆ tg x"no\ w'ˆjM bg nFo\ Jff jn lGxlR5
VjfM dfn]u' Hofo\ lh, 5 w'n+ k|b'lift VjfM afUdltO nM Gx\oft
yf}+of qf;lb  . a'VofMrf 5, lh . nFo\ kmf]x/–å .

@ % (
e" pkof]u kL8fo\ ;f]lguMM ;hfnof nF
c:tJo:t ljsf; 8f]h/of cft+s :jt':ju' hfno\ lh
s'?k lnRjM . bg NxfM Djfo\t . yDx+ yM s}b .

# ^ !)
WofrMnFo\ knfM nM yfyf+ jn tfGXju' Ct'
huxLg of]hgf 6fk'of æ:jÆ ;+s6o\\ aF, rf g+ lr/Ljft
yDx+ Ko"u' sF . lh+ ygf kMvfM . ;lGwe+u 3fM .
yf}+sGx] 11
no\kf}
g]kfnL sfJoo\
g]kfnefiffof ààsflzgfy tdf]6

5Ønf lg;MTof bF GXoM lj=;+= !*@% o\

sf7df8f}+ pkTosf TofsfMsfo] w'+sf uf]/vfof
h'h' k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx+ :yfgLo g]jfMtgfk
e]n]k'gf h'n  . /fhgLltshs dv' ;fdflhs,
;flxlTos If]qo\ g+ lxnf;' jn . Oldt 5Dx+
d]Dxl;u' efiff y'Os]u' l;Os]u' cfjZostf
h'n  . hg:t/, clwsf/L:t/, /fhsLo:t/o\
eflifs, ;f+:s[ltsgfk e]n]k'g]u' ;'? h'n  .
Yj x] kl/l:yltO g]kfnL slj n]vsto\;+ g+
g]kfnefiff ;o]s]u' l;Os]u' j yMu' /rgfo\
:jfefljs cleJolQmof nflu g]kfnefiffof
cleJolQm j kbfjnL b'Yofs]u' oft . g]jf 
n]vsto\;+ g+ g]kfnL+ Rjo]u' oft  .
Oltxf;sf/ 1fgdl0f g]kfnoft g]kfn
rLg ;DaGwof Oltxf; dfn]u' ‰jno\
lj=;+= @)#&–$@ kfv] k//fi6« dGqfnoof
h}l; Sjyfo\ b'g] jg]u' Xjtf r"nft  . cg
j+ cf7;o pgfGrfnL; -*#(_ Znf] sof
RjoftMu' sfJo n'Osn . Ps xhf/kfFr;o
PsrfnL; -!%$!_ ;]lG6ld6/ Aof b'u'
g]kfnL ef]+to\ RjoftMu' sfJo dxfslj
pbofgGb cHof{n -lj=;+= !*!@–($_ of
…k[YjLGb|f]bo dxfsfJoÚ vM . ps] ªfu"–Gxo\u"
-kfFr–;ft_ Znf]s  g]kfnefiffof
 kb, kbfjnL
j jfSofjnL+ RjoftMu' b' . -g]kfn–  @)!!–
#&@–%_

12 yf} +sGx]
no\kf}
 k[YjLgf/
fo0f zfxof ljho j0f{g ofgftMu'
j sfJo k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx+ sf7df8f}+pkTosfo\
gfsfaGbL ofgfAo"ano\ hgtf+ ef]6 -ltAat_
kfv]+rL ts+ xo]dvgf rLof cfk"lt{ aGb h';]+ln
pkTosfjf;Llk;+ ef]6+ -ltAat+_ ;LDx xo]u' y]+ ofgf
s'tfno\ rL NXoof xo]u' oft . slj pbofgGb+ Yj x]
vFoft lrq0f ofgf sfJoo\ GXoAjoftn—
8]/f uh\hasf] /sd\ rlnuof] So} w'd ax't e} uof
d'bf{ emlNs k¥of]/rL jn eGof y}nf ln tof/aGof
ufaxfndxf+ k:of ;ahgf lj:tf/ 5 w]/} txf+
5f]8Øf}+ bf}l8 k:of}+ lrjf u/gdf g'g\s} t d'bf{ hxf+  .
 -g]kfn @)!!–@!%_
;LDxy]+ofgf xMu' rL g+ lkg]oflk;+ 5n]ofgf
o+s"u'ln+ onjf;L -kf6gjf;L_ s'+g' s'+g' tF lksof
yMu' efiff+ yy]wfn—
cf ;f]Gxf u'ln Yj uy]h'O ugf rf]+lk+ jofjf]ygf
k'mSsf sfn 5':of skfo\ j; h'gf g' :ofosf x'F eGof
/}ot\ af]ln p7\of / ;ªu;+udf rf}la; / uf]?ª klg
em:s]‰ofl` eof /xF v v eGof yf]vF v Gxf xF egL
emL Sj jgf 5' ofo h'h' hok|sfz xg]; F xgL
jfgf vF lg lªg]vnfj dv'nf, Vjfnf eGof jft\ cgL .
 -g]kfn @)!!–$$*_
lj=;+= !*%& ;+ kfNkfof h'h' k[YjLkfn
;]g pkTosfo\ h'h' uLjf{0fo'4 ljqmd zfxfof
/fHofleif]sano\ jMu' h'ofRjg  . joft onof
b/af/o\ toftMu' h'ofRjg  . pu' Ono\ j onb]
rfXo' j+u' Ono\ Nof;]lk;+ vgf lGxnflGxnf æefo
d:o" h'h' wlgÆ wof ldvf+ Hj]lkof :jo]u' ofMu'ln+
cd[tfgGb jGBkfv]+ xg'dfg gf6s g]kfnefiff+
cg'jfb ofsf efiff ;o]s"  u' h'ofRjg . Yj vFoft
cd[tfgGb+ yy]aofg ofgftMu' b'—
af+af+ nf do\h'rflk+ clt /l;s ldvf+
kfnfs :jof d';'x'+ lGxnfcf]
efo d:o' h'h' wlg k|e' x]
wfo] a]n] hjfkm lao kmoSooft
boSo g]kfnefiff+ >L k[YjLkfn l;+xf]
h'h'of x's'dg b]jkfggGbg+
tcf]Kjfn ldvf+ Kjfn+ g]kfnofu'nL
a5f]nfYjs ifi7L u|Gy bosf .
lgjf efiff+
-x]d/fh zfSo, >L :joDe" dxfr}To, !(&*–@(@–@^&_
lj=;+= !*%& ;+ kfNkfof h'h' k[YjLkfn
;]g pkTosfo\ h'h' uLjf{0fo'4
ljqmd zfxfof /fHofleif]sano\ jMu'
h'ofRjg  . joft onof b/af/o\
toftMu' h'ofRjg .
lj=;+= !*(! Ho]7kfv] RjoftMu'
k|fyldssfnLg slj n]vs ;'Gb/fgGb afF8f
-lj=;+= !*$)–!()!_ yMu' lq/Tg ;f}Gbo{  ufyfof
cGto\ g]kfnefiffof 5'+ Znf]s k|:t't ofgftMu' b'  .
y's] tfTsflng g]kfnof /fhb/af/o\ g+ g]kfnefiffof
5'+ erf k|rlnt b' cn]tfTsflng uf]/vfefiffof g+
af]wuDo b' wofu' vF l;Os]k'm .
5u" g]kfnefiff Znf]s yg GXoAjofu' h'n—
Gx' Gx' b'Mv ckfnof tt'tg+ Gx'u' d+xLtf bt+
;'+ ;'+ ;'+ em;'sfnt'+ tt'tof 5'+ 5'+ dk'm Hof lyP
w+wft'+ dg;+ h'nf]wg db' w+wf ;bf+ bfdof
xf xf b}ygL l5u' bz{g bf}ef{Uo dfq+ h'nf] ..%#..
-wgjh| jh|frfo{ ;Dkf–lq/Tg ;f}Gbo{ ufyf– !(#@–@%(_
yf}+sGx] 13
no\kf}
 lj=;+= !(%^ ;+ kz'klt k]|; 7lx6Lof d}g]h/
anb]j bf;+ !% sljof Znf]s ;+u|x -uf]/vf efiff
k|yd efu_ k|sflzt ofu' b' . ps]#$% Znf]s 
dWo] df]lt/fd e§+ RjoftMu' Znf]s ;+Vof @$ j
@% g]kfn efiff+ RjoftMu' b' . ;+u|xstf{+ ;+slnt
Znf]sof ;+u|xoft …;'wf ;fu/Ú-cd[t ;fu/_ wsf
zLif{s laoftMu' b' . z/brGb| zdf{, /df zdf{ j
lzj /]UdL -;g\ @))#–!**_ ;+sns j ;Dkfbs
:jDxl;g+ g]kfnefiffof
 Yj lgu" Znf]soft …b'O{
/dfOnf Znf]sÚ  wsfM Rj5foftMu' b' .
Yj cWoog+ g]kfnL slj+ yMu' /rgfo\
sYo :j¿kof g]kfnefiff 5ØnftMu'
vFgb']  . tTsflng n]vsto\;+ Yj efiff+
x]Rjo]u' ofOu' vM . ps]+pu' Onof
af]nLrfnL efiffof ¿k l;Os]dk'mu' vM .
kl08thL lsg of] gu/L lardf s] sf+ ge} cfpg' ef]  .
k':ts la;{g' ef] ls efujtsf] ofbf+ slx+ v:g uf]  ..
o:tf k|Zg ;'g]/ So} l/; u/L eGg' eof] x] x/fd\  .
/] /] d"v{ g j]lT; sf/0f ldb+ ‰ofNof+ k/L kZotfd\  .@$..
g]kfndf wg emfg{nfO{ rt'/f ;f:qL oxfF cfpFbf .
j]; kl08tl;t af]Ng' kb{5 egL lg:Sof ljxfg} lttf
afF8f o]s /x]5 e]6 x'g uof] s'q Tjof uDot]  .
zf]Wbf ef/L hjfk\ lbo]/ lxl8uf] hL nf lvkmfo] jg]  ..@%..
-Znf]s ;+u|x @))!–%_
g]kfnefiffof Gxfkf+u' 5kfO{ u|Gy dfWolds
uB n]vs lgi7fgGb jh|frfo{of …>L k|1fkf/ldtf
b]jLofu' Psljz+lt Znf]sof
 efvf;lxtÚ -lj=;+=
!(@^_ of vM  . sljs]z/L lrQw/ Åbog+ yMu'
k|flrg jfªdo …g]kfnefiff
 ;flxToof hftM -lj=;+=
@)@*_Úof cGto\ æbsno\ Gxfkfnfs g]kfn  ;+jt\
14 yf} +sGx]
no\kf}
!)@& ;fno\ yf;f cfvno\ lkxf+jMu' g]k fnefiffof
uB v08 -lj=;+= !(^$ df d'lb|t cIf/ df
lg:s]sf] g]kfnefiffsf] k|yd v08_ wsf ;+:s[t
…:tf]q;d'Rrod\Úof  g]kfnefiff+
 lj1fkg GXoAjMu'
vM . l;l4bf; cdfToof g]kfnL  klqsf …;'Gb/LÚ
-!M%÷lj=;+= !(^# sflt{s ;+qmflGt cyf{t\ g]kfn
;+jt\ !)@^ sf}nf uf #)_ ;+ k|sflzt 5u" l;nf]s]
ljGb' ;d:of g]kfnefiff j l;l4bf;of bsno\
Gxfkf+u' 5kfO{ h"u' /rgfof pbfx/0f woftMu' b' .
-sflzgfy tdf]6–;g\ @)!$M$^M$&_
g]kfnefiff x:tlnlvt o'u+ 5kfO{of o'uo\
Yo+u' Nofvo\ :jo]ano\ sljlz/f]dl0f /fhLjnf]rg
hf]zL -lj=;+= !()%–*^_ of s]bf/  sNk sfJoof
bf];|f] ;+:s/0f -lj=;+= !(^!_ lksfu'lnO yk]
ofgftMu' k'm6s/ sljtf cGtu{t cGTo;+ g]jf/] efiff
wsf GXoAjoftMu' Znf]s Gxfkf+u' h"u' b' .
j yy] vM—
;"F ;"+ ;"+ h;'sfn jof tt't;] nf]nf]dgf emf:;s
ªL ªL ªL c6xfgg+ Rot' rf];]5'F 5'F lyo]Hof dk'm
;fx'g+ Sogsf pv]y'v]h"h" h"F h" h'nf]Njfk'sf .
xfxf b}j yy]+u' b"Mv ladt]b"MvF tgf b"Mv t" ..
-/fhLjnf]rg hf]zL u|GyfjnL !(((–(@_
Yj cWoog+ g]kfnL slj+ yMu' /rgfo\ sYo
:j¿kof g]kfnefiff 5ØnftMu' vFg]b'  . tTsflng
n]vsto\;+ Yj efiff+ x] Rjo]u' ofOu' vM  . ps]+ pu'
Onof af]nLrfnL efiffof ¿k l;Os]dk'mu' vM .
5u" uhaof vF ;'Gb/ fgGb afF8f+ RjMu'
g]kfnefiff Znf]s j zfb'{nljqmLl8t 5Gbof g cy]
x] kbfjnL k|of]u ofgf /fhLjnf]rg hf]zL g+ yMu'
cleJolQm laoftMu' b'  . y's]+ j+ lq/Tg ;f}Gbo{ufyf
Aj+u' cg'dfg b' .
cg'= — ?lSd0fL >]i7
;xnx
sdnf j /d]z drfto\t :s"n 5\jo\
lnaft wofy]+ofsg+ ofsg+ hfgsf xfg+
;fd]o f b'? GXofo]lnaft wofy]+sfrfsfrf+
aflN6g Hjgf cfugfo\ jn . b'? GXofo]GXoM
y'v];f+ g+ pv]d];+ g+ Rj 5\jf///kmfgf xn .
sdnf j /d]z sfrfsfrf+ ;fofyfo\ jgf
lgDx]l;g+ ;fRj sof ldvf lkmn . skfno\
xfxf oft xfg+ elt elt Tjg+ Tjg . :s"n
jg]t lkxfF jMlk+ sfo\ DXofo\lk;+ af+nfs x]
:jofRj+u' h'of Rjg . lrlwsDx sfo\ k|d]z
bfh' ;'/]zofs]Gog æbfObfO, 5Øf afdf+lk;+
5fo\ ;fofu' Rj RjgfbLu' <Æ
æ;foft uf}d ftf wsf k'HofOu' d:o'nf
5+ < pln hs dv', eflug+ oflgÆ bfh' ;'/]z+
wfn .
æ;f df+ h";f åxF af nfno\ < åxFoft nf
eflu ofgf dbLy]+Rj+ xnf <Æ k|d]z  + wfn .
æ;f+ emLt dfMu' b'? aLDx . uf]j/g+
aLDx . pls+ ;foft k'HofOu', eflu ofOu'
ofu'sfÆ ;'/]z+ wfn .
ædv' bfO, b'? uf]a/nf ;f+ :jof d];+
ckf]lap . joft 5fo\ dfg]dofu' n]xfOF <Æ
k|d]z xfg+ Gog .
Yj k'mSs d]of b'? GXofGXof+ GogfRj+Dx
af}Dx]l;s]n'b+sf aLu' ln;M 5'+ db' cno\
t+rfof æ5' DjfMdb'u' xfnfRj+u' < ;'+s :s"n
ààltns k|sfz
dj+;]+Æ wsf xSsf 5\jt . drft ss' nYofgf
n'?n'? jg .
drft :s"n jgfln+ sdnf j /d]z 
j+ jofu' j+ jofu' VjfM 5s k'n'Ss :jO .
sf+5fDx sfo\ k|d]z+ lgbF GXoM afHofDx]l;g+
yy]x]æcfM 5Ø+u' nfsf+ GXofo]dt], a?
sfknfsf+ GXofgf x'F, Yj df]xgL hf]l5 . 5fo\
wfM;f eujtL+ /QmaLh dlxiff;"/:ofo\t yMu'
d]o\ aFo\ nfoft}u 'Æ wsf wofbLan]æcy];f
afHof, emL;+ lv Rj ug kmfo\u'no\ <Æ wsf
wfano\ g+ af g+ k|d]zoft yy]x]l5+ y]+xSsf
5\jofbLu' nf]dgnf < wsf sdnf+ /d]zoft
Go+sn .
vM wof yf}+sGx]oflk+ drfto\t loldu'
afndgf]j}1 flgs lh1f;fo0ft NjMu' ln;M
aLdkmof yy]x]AjMlaof, xSsf loldu'
Dx't'KjfM tLu' kfo\l5 dh" . drfto\t xSs]u ',
AjM lao]u ' j bfof loldu' Dx't'KjfM :jo]u 'nf
lh x]lhp . pls+ drfto\u' 5u" GXo;Mof
ln;M lao]t lemsM larfM ofo]d f . gsf/fTds
ln;M u'an]+lao]dlhp . drfto\u' lh1f;f+
loldt GXofan]+GXoMgo\ o+sL . cfj+ln emL;+
yM sfo\DXofo\lk+t ddtfdoL dltgf ofgf
;sf/fTds h'o]u' :jo]  . loldu'[ lh1f;f yf}+
dv';f sGx]y'Osf lao]u' :jo]wofu' vFo\
lgDx]l;of+ ;xnx Aofsn .
yf}+sGx] 15
no\kf}
 5u' Ao:tu' ;x/ . Ao:tu' n+ . lndnflk+
Ao:t dg't . ;'gf+ ;'Ot+ Dxl;Os]dkm'u' O{ . km'Ss+
yMu' w'go\ . yMu' z'/o . j g+ la:s+ Rjg]dkm'
Ao:tu' yf;o . j x]Ao:tu' nFo j yMu' z'/o
jof Rjg .
æ;fx'lh .æ 5Dx ld;fdrfof ;M . jofu'
Gxfokg]Yjn . jofu' w'g , j z'/kQfdbos
la:o+' jg . csdso h'n . Gxofgf Rj+u' knf
tSs lbt . ;'oft ;Mt'u' w}y]+pv]+yv ' +]:jn .
Dx:o"lk+ ;'+ dv+ . xfg knf Gxofsn .
æ;fx'lh .Æ xfg+ Yju' ;n+ j GXoMgo\ jg]
dkm't . 5u' l/df]6+ sG6«f]n l6 eL ckm ofoy]+
jofu' knf tSs lbt . yMt x];Mt'u' h'odf
jofu' larfM . pv]yv ' ]+:jt . eltrf tfkfs
lgDx doh'lk+ yM kfv]+:jof lGxnf Rj+u' vg .
lgDx+ ldlg :s6{o . :jo x]wgfWo ,tMw+u' HofM
bMlk+, doh'lk+y+]Nxfto Aofou Hjgf+ xfs'u'
r:df toftMu' b' ldvf Tjk'Os .
æ;fx'l' h .æ lgDx dWo]5Dx doh+' NxfM efo\
ofgf ;Mtn . j+ yMt x];Mt'u' ' kSsf oft . jofu'

n'Os] dkm'u' g'uno e'vfo Ajn æckl/lrt doh'lk+; 5fo

;Mtn h'O{ < æ
jof jg]n  f djg]nf h'n . Dfg+ v+ Nxfsf

;SsnL VjfM j doh'lk+ Rjgf+ Rj+yfo n';' n';' jg . GXof]go

Yogfg+ j+ Dxl;O{s]dk'm lgDxl;t+ . NxfM efo\
ofgf ;Mt'Dx doh'+ ldvfo toftMu' r: df
lnsof d';S' s lGxnf wfn æcf nf Dxl;n h'O' {,
;fx'lh < Æ
æcxf]uLtf . Dxl;Os]x]yfs'n 5Gt .
VjfM x]km/s h'of Rjg . u'ln afFnfgf Rj+u'
5 .Æ of] Sjf]lnkf v+u' VjfM cn]+sNkgf
dofgfu' jofu' VjfM j lx;L kxM :j:j+ ch'
ààk|]d s] lg8/ rfn j . Gxfkf gof+ go dkmof Sjyf Tjtf j+u'
j+ ;f]r]oft .

16 yf} +sGx]
no\kf}
 uLtf lGxn . gfk+ jDx uLtfof kf;f g+ lGxn . j
g+ lGxn]y]+ofgf doh'lk+t y'O{su] ' s'tM oft .
Gxfkf jofu' 5]+o Rj+jn]o f VjfM dv' cf jof .
lhp g+ dv'  . cn]+jofu' 9f+rfsfrf Gxfkfofu' 5+' dv'  .
e]mNof On+
emf}h'o w+su' :jf+dfy]+jofu' VjfM , cf :jo x]oOk';]
Rj+ . gsltlgofDx Nof;]y]+Rjsf tof tMu' d]s  ck,
km];gojn j:q cn]+skfno tof tMu' r:df+ jot
GxfkfofDx uLtf ;'gf+ wfO{dv' . jofu' kl/jlt{t ?k
vgf+ j ch' rfn .
j+ d:j kxn+ uLtf gfk+ jDx doh'of Vjf
g+ :jn . jofu' 9fFrfsfrf :jn . ebf d]sck .
VjfMoft dNju' j dkmfu' 8«]; . 5Dx ahf/L ld;fy]+ àà;xgf k|wfg
vg . cn]+uLtfoft :jn ujn]+dv+Dx doh'oft
:joy]+ . jofu' dgo z+sf eo lan ækf;f ;+ut+ dg' rf+ lGxoft t'nfM og
:ogL woftMu' . ug+ uLtf g+========Æ lGx+ g+ rfoft d'gfog
w]+ w]+ aNnf lgu'l;ofu' u'lnhs h"u' yg .
ujn]+dv+Dxy]+Rj+s ;fx'lh+ :jof Rju' vgf+
uLtfoft g+ dl5+gf jn . efj lxOsf Gog æ;fx'lh . xfs'u' ;+ t'o'of jg
km'Ssl;t cf/fd x]h' dv'nf <Æ afFnf Vjfkf lxnfjg
æcf/fd x]h' . ug jg]TogfDx n]5 <Æ jofu'
;'Gb/tf+ dgo v+ Nxfsf Rj+Dx h';f+ :jeflastfo j};+ gfk+ TjMtf j+s
jof wfn j . On+ e]mNof ofgfRjg
æ5Dx kf;f+ ;Mtf tMu' . kf;fofyfo jg]Togf .
;fx'lh vgf+ xfn vj/5' bM Gog]t ;Mtfu' sf . bF bF jofM a'l9+t;]+
;fx'lgoft g+ GofgfxMu' b' wof lb;F . l5 g+ DxfOk'Ojn] r]tfjgL laof Rjg .
5sM lgsM kmf]g ofgf lb;+ .Æ gDj/laof lGxnf jg .
J+f gDj/:jt . DxfOk';]Rjlgan]kmf]g ofgf cy] h";f+ y'Os] dkmof
lb;F wfMu' v+ joft Gx]k' rflxsf lan . ;f]r]oft Æug+ hf]jg cy]+ jg k'mgf .
yMt g+ jofu' Sjyfo jfM wfo Tof]+u' nf dv'nf <Æ
nFo jj+ doh'of kl/jlt{t lx;L+ eo Ao"u' VjfM
cn]+9fFrfsfrf vFo of]Sjf]of]Sjf]Gxo;M+ hfof jn
j . z+sf jgf+ j+ jofu' af:tlas VjfM n'Os]u' s'tM
oft . ;f]r  ]oft . d]Dx dg' gfk+ laxf h'nnf afo
jhf/L h'nnf < j lgtf afx]s  j+ 5+' n'Os]dkm' jM
VjfM ;SsnL vM nf jfo gSsnL .
yf}+sGx] 17
no\kf}
 lrgfvFof pF ààcf/=cf/=rf}nfufO{+

;'gf+ lrgfvFoft
jFr'u' yno\ tn
cn], lrgfvF jFr'u' h'O wfn
;'gf+ lrgfvFoft 5Gx' lh+ lrgfvFoft
XofpFu' yno\ tn v'l;O lDxtfRj+u' vgf
cn], lrgfvF XofpFu' h'O wfn lrgfvF jFr'u' g+ db'
;'gf+ lrgfvFoft lrgfvF XofpFu' g+ db'
jfpFu' yno\ tn lrgfvF jfpFu' g+ db'
cn], lrgfvF jfpFu' h'O wfn lrgfvF Dxf;'u' g+ db'
;'gf+ lrgfvFoft cn], lrgfvF t'o'u', xfs'u', l;o'u' 5'+ g+ db'
Dxf;'u' yno\ tn lrgfvF b';f v'l;y]+ b'
cn], lrgfvF Dxf;'u' h'O wfn . v'l;of nMy]+ b'

yy] x] 5;Lsy+ jx] lGxlg;]+ lh+ y'n

bSjMof+ lrgfvFoft lrgfvF uHofu' yno\ tn
t'o'u', xfs'u', l;o'u' wfwf+ jg cHofu' x] h'Ou' vlg
cn], n+Rj y5\jo]t jn lrgfvF nMy]+ h'OoM vlg
h"h"+ 5\o+ t5\ofo]t h'n. lrgfvFof pF dbOu' vlg .

18 yf} +sGx]
no\kf}
 ufM Gxfo\‌s+

àà/f;f àà/Tgdfg 8+uf]n

vM, lh ufM x] vM . d"n'vfo\ ;'gfg+

vfkf Wo"+u' ;n+
vfkf rfosf,
Yj ufMoft WofrM bo]s]To+lk+,
lhu' GXog]
Yj ufMoft ;LufM ofo]To+lk+, r'ln+r"
Yj ufMoft ;fufM gfn]To+lk+ ;' < Dxd:o"Dx dg".
Dx:o"nf y]+ < 5\og+lg;]+ t'lt ts
ldvf Ajof,
:j:jv+s lkg]+ Yj ufno\ SjAjfMjlk+ ;' < GXo;M tof – ;'y]+ <
lhu" GXo;n+ ch"rfof ;v]
cem Yj ufMoft tAofs]dfn, j+ ln;M xg –
Yj ufMoft ;'r's]dfn x+ Û lh 5 x],
yy] wofRjlk+, uy] Dxd:o"u" <
yy] xfnfRj+lk+ ;'< SjyLs :j,
5+u' x] lskfn' lh<
GXofd]Mof+ GXofy] x] wf;f+,
lh ufM x] vM
lhtM ufM x] h'of Rjg] Djfo] oM,
lhtM ufn+ lkg] jof xfn]dfl:tdjM,
a? lkg]+ jlkGt lkg] x] £jfgf5\jo]dfl:tjM.

yf}+sGx] 19
no\kf}
 :
jlguM b'g] g]
jfMt yMu' hGd e"ld b]; 
g]
kfMk|lt elQm efjgf sfdgf j wfls{s + Hof
GXofsf jofRj+u' b' . x/ s

] bFof kf} if z'Sn
kf]xn
] fYj ldnfk'lGx s'Gx'lg;]+df3 z'Sn l;NnfYj
l;k'lGxtsof b'g] lGxy+ g]jft hs dv' j|fDx0f
If]qL ;sl;g+ lzj pkf;g fofo]u' dlxgfsy+ wd{
j|t cg'i7fg ofo]u' j lzj kfj{tLof hut sNof0f
sf/s nLnfof afv+ sg]u' j Gog]u' k/Dk/f lj=;+=
!^@( cyf{t g]=;+= ^(# ;fn+lg;]+Gxofgf Rj+u' vF
tf8kqo\ g]j flnlk+ ;+:sl[ tefif+ Gxfkf+u' clen]b'u'
vF /fli6«o clen]vfno b'Yofgf Rj+ul' n+ l;O b' .
cg+ lnkf g]=;+= &!# lj+=;+= !^$( j g]=;+= &@#
lj=;+= !^%( o\ j x]lzif{sof clen]v u|Gy wfM;f
g]jfM efiff+ x]RjoftMu' b' . Yj ;km't lnËk'/f0f j
lzjk'/f0fof cfwfl/t vM . cn]y's] b'g] Rj+u'
afv+t :ju{syf j Ujdo]h  ' gj/fhof afv+ gfk
:j:yfgL j|t k"hfo\ hs lns'gf Rj+u' clen]v  u|Gyt lgtfGt wfld{s
syf vM cn]Yj :jf:yfgL afv+ d'Ss+ g]k fnL to]u '

df]xgL k"hf df}lns lrGtg vM . cn]y'u' Ono\ Yj :j:yfgL

afv+ jfrg k'/fl] xt j|fDx0fkfv]+ofsLu' rng b'u'
vM . cy]x]pkf;gf j|t RjlglkGt k"hf kf7 ofs]u'
cflb Hof g+ j|fDx0ft;]+ofOu' h'ofRj+u' l;O b' . Yj
:j:yfgL afv+ lzjk'/f0f j lnËk'/f0fof cfwf/]
kj{t/ fhof k'qL kfj{tL+ bSsn]Gxfkf+ c'gi7fg
ofMu' j :j:yfgL b]jLof cf/wgf pkf;gf ofMu'
vM . >Ldb\ efujt\ dxf k'/f0fof ci6d :sGwo\
GXoygftMu' sy+ ;d'Gb| dGygof ‰jno\ cfo'jb]{ of
k|jt{s wGjGt/L+ cd[t snz Hjgf ;d'Gb+| yxf+
jMano\ b}Tou0ft;]nfsf sof Tjg]To+u' lji0f'
v+gf df]lxgL ?k wf/0f ofgfM b}Toto\t yj+ yj]
Njfsf cd[t snz b] ju0flkGt Tj+sf ljn .
àà?lSd0fL >]i7 j x]df]lxgLoft s~hn -chM_of ?ko\ ;fwgf

20 yf} +sGx]
no\kf}
ofgfM k"hf ofOu' vM . df]lxgLoft ;fwgf ofo]t
Gx"u' ;ln+rf l;nf+ ps]b'g] lrs+ Onf s"zkfv]+
r08g+ cf]d Rjof dfsM bn'of BMg]3f]kO' sf chM
kmOu' vM . Yj x]ljwLoft d"n dGq+ zf]wg ofgfM
c:qtf8g j w]g' d'bf| lbof ljwfg ofgfM df]lxgLof
k"hf ofOu' vM . Yj df]lxgLof Wofg ofOano\ P]/fjt
ls;Lof Dxo\ uofRj+Dx Vofn+ Vofn+ ofgf nIdL
k|bfg ofODx, t;s+ t]lhnf]cfwf d08n b'Dx ah|
5q+ s'OsfRjDx af+nfMu' dv]n  f+ lrgftMDx t'ou' '
a]nL:jf+ dfnf+ Sjvfof l;l4 ljODx ;+;f/oft
;Ddf]xg -df]lxt_ ofODx b]jLoft ;bf+ dg+ :d/0f
ofo]wsfM k|fy{gf ofOu' vM . y'u' b]jLof Wofg
lrGtg ofgfM Iff]le0fL, df]lxgL, cfslif{0fL, :tldgL{,
el~hgL, ;f}efUoZj/L s~hn ;flwgL j cf}ifwsd{
e§fl/sf cfbL gfd pRr/f0f ofgfM cr{gf ofgfM
df]lxgL b]jLof k|fy{gf ofOu' rng b' . y'sy+ cr{gf
k"hf Sjrfo]sf df]x gL kmoftMu' kfq ;ln+ lnsof
ps]b'gR] j+u' chMoft bz{g ofgfM pkf;gf Rjgf
Rj+lk+ gfk+ afv+ Gogf Rj+lk+ ;snoft k|;fbof ?ko\
df]xgL l;GxM ltsf laOu' vM . Yj df]x gL l;Gxg+
uy]df]lxgL?k+ h'of ;snoft df]lxt of cy]x]
;snoft alzs/0f gfk+ df]lxt h'O cn]chM g+
ldvfoft t]lhnf]j lg/fu] L ofO cy]x]Yj df]lxgL
l;Gx g+ vM wsfM >L>L>L :j:yfgL k/dZ] j/L b]jLof
j|t ljwfg sy+ df]lxgLof k"hfof k|of]u ;j{l;l4
k|of]hgof nflu ofOu' vM .
yf}+sGx] 21
no\kf}

r08fn ;' <
emL;+ r08fnoft lgu" efiff+ jf lgu" tfn+ 5Ønf
Rjgf . ;fwf/0f ?k+ jf Jofjxfl/s efiff+ r08fn joft
wfO– u'Dx hft+ SjXo+Dx, yL dTof]Dx,  Rofdvn vM,
Oldt c5"t g+ wfO . Old;+ kmf]x /u' ;kmf ofO, ;Llk+ kz't
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Rofsf tO . Xofp+u' dt Roft ls df]6/  lbsfM
tO, jfpFu' dt Rofsn ls lbsfMtMu' df]6/  o+sL .
yHofMu' afv+ GogLano\ rDksof ldvfo\ jof dfd+
drfano\ GXofOk';] GXofOk';] Rj+u' k/Lto\u' afv+
sgLu' vF n'd+;]jO .
y'lk+ :jofM g+ joft /]l8of] g]kfnof v+ t;s+
k|efljt oft  . jof kf;fof kfh'Dx 5Dx /]l8of]
g]kfno\ hflu/b'Dx h'ofRjg . j+ jof kf;flkGt
/]l8of] g]kfno\ :6'l8of] Sjyfo\ o+sf k|;f/0f
ofgf+Rj+u' Sogf xMu' h'ofRjg . cg 5Dx]l;g+ 
Gj+jfgf RjgL j+ wfMu' Do] d]Dx]l;g+ d]u' Sjyfo\ Rjgf+
xfo]sLu' vg . Yj vF rDksoft sFano\ rDks
emg x] cfZro{ rfn  . 5Dx]l;g+ wfMu' Do] d]u' Sjyfo\
Rj+Dx uy]l;n h'O wofu' j+ larfM x]ofo]dk'm .
: s"nof Hof‰jno\ rDks+ Oldu' hflto
;f]/ly, 3ft' Do], ‰ofp/] Do] xfn] k'mu'ln+ kf;flk+;+
hs dv' df:6to\;+ g+ jofu' ;Moft Rj5fof tMu'
vM . :s"no\ h'Ou' ;+uLt Hof‰jno\ Do]xfnfM
tMSjMdl5 l;/kf g+ sfo] w'+sn  . ;+uLto\ ljz]if
?lr b' .
yy]yM Do]xfn];Mu'ln+ eljioo\ ufos h'Ou'
larfM ofgf tn . pls;g+ o]Fo\ Hof dbo]sf  Rjg]dfM

wofu' db' . cg knfMklt+ Hof b', ofo]hs OR5f
bo]dfM Hofof 5'+ wGbf db' wofu' vF g+ Gogf+ tMu'
vM . Old ufd+ erf pv]Rj+  lk+ Nofo\Dxt df+af}lkGt
5'+ va/ x] dAo";] o]Fo\ la:o'+ j+u' j Old;+ cg x]
Hof ofgf sdfO ofgf df]xgLano\ ykfo\ ykfo\
UjMu' ;'6s]z Hjgf lnxf+ jOu' j+ a/f]a/ v+  . pls+
g+ jof o]Fo\ jgf sdfo] ofof+ sn]ho Ajg]u' gfk+
/]l8of] g]kfno\ Do] g+ xfn]u' OR5f ofgfRj+u' vM  .
/]l8of] g]kfn+ yMu' Do] k|;f/0f h'Oano\ ufdfo\ Rj+lk+
u'ln uha h'O wsf j+ tSjM x]larfM ofo]w'+sn .
yHofMu' rfs'dfs'u' Dxu; 3fgf rDks P;=Pn=;L=
kf; h'Ovt+ df+af}lkGt 5'+ x] dwfM;] v'?Ss o]Fo\ jg  .
o]Fo\ a; lbs]vt+ Sjxf+ jn . 5rfn+ a;of
a; hs vg . u'ln hs a; b'u' y]+tfn . ug
hs o+sLu' h'O wofy]+Rjg . 5emfMnf cfM yM ug
jg]u', 5' ofo]u' wofu' x] 5'+ ;Ls] dkmt  . ;'ofs] Gog],
;'oft sg] wofy]+ h'n  . pv]+y'v]+ h'ofRj+lk+ dg"to\u'
Vjfno\ Vjfno\ :jof h'n .
yMDx+ Gog wfM;f ;'gf+ yMoft ;Nnfx ;fx'lt
laOnf wofu' cfzfs'lt ldvf+ :j:j+ jof knfM
GXofgfRjg  . xf/o] drfo]u' :jefj rDksofu'  . j
l;ltldlt lg/f; dh"  . ufdo\ g+ j uan]+ x] lg/f;
h"u' wofu' db' . cfTdljZjf; Sjft' .
xf]6no\ lrk l;n]u,' cKkf Nxo]u,' eNof
h'of ;fdfg NXoo]u' cflb dofMu' wofu'
5'+ db' . yHofMu' Hof ofof+ axgL sn]ho\
g+ egf{ h'n . sn]ho\
 qmflGtsf/L kf;flk+
WjMb't . Oldu' v+ rDks k|efljt h'n .
Yjx]Sjft'u' cfTdlaZjf;of /yo\ Rjgf j+ 5'
Hof WjMb't j x]Hof oft . xf]6no\ lrk l;n]u', cKkf
Nxo]u', eNof h'of ;fdfg NXoo]u' cflb dofMu'
wofu' 5'+ db' . yHofMu' Hof ofof+ axgL sn]ho\ g+
egf{ h'n . sn]ho\ qmflGtsf/L kf;flk+ WjMb't .
Oldu' v+ rDks k|efljt h'n . b]z bo]s]t j hgtf+
b'Mv ;L Djfo]s]t oyfl:ylt kf6L{to\;+ 5'+ ofO y]+
dtfn joft  . qmflGtsf/Lof æGx"u' g]kfnÆ gf/f x]
O{of dfuy]+tfn . kf;f k'rno\ qmflGtsf/Lto\u' ukm
h'O . lGx+lGx+ gfk nfOlk+ kf;flk+ dWo]5Gx' lgDx
KoDx kf;flk+ gfkdnft . ug jg wofu' dl;n .
qmflGtsf/Lof ;dy{st h'of k'ln;+ Hjgf+ o+sn h'O
wofu' g+ ;+sf h'n . kf;flklg k'rno\ x'Ogfa'Ogf
yf}+sGx] 27
no\kf}
h'n . 5Gx' l;n Olk+nf qmflGtsf/Lof n8fs' h'of
h+uno\ jg]w'+s"u' h'ofRjg .
kf;flk+ h+uno\ j+u'ln+ yM g+ jg]nf wofu' g+
jof dltO jn . t/pano\ jof lGx vfgf+ lGx go]t
ufMu' nhuf r"nfgf+ Rj+u' emfM . ;'yo\ 5u" k;no\
;fdfg NXoo]u' j axgL sn]ho\ jg]u' Hof ofgfRj+u'
vM . lGxgo\ hs 5Dx k]G6/of Hof;no\ Hof ofO .
c+uno\ lj1fkg RjODx kf;foft Ujfxfln ofo]u' ,
c+uno\ t'Os Ogfd]n  kfgf+ aLu' . plsO cfvM
RjODx]l;t /+u ldno] ofgfM aLu'  . /+u NXoo]u',
sfkto\ RjoftMu' c8/laof tMyfo\ aLo+s]u' cflb
Hof ofgf Rj+u' vM . yy]lguM Ko+uM sdfO b'u'ln+
j qmflGtsf/Lt gfk+ h+uno\ jg]DjfMn . pano\
tMbF GXoM df]xgbf;oft s/+Hjgf+ d'2f
tMano\ pDx jlsn+ df]xgbf;+ oSj s/
k'nDjfo]
] sf Ao"u' h'ofRjg . jofu' u'0f
df]xgbf; ;fx'+ n'ds
+ fM tMu'ln+ jlsnof
5u" Ogfko\ rDksoft jofu' k;no\
aGhfMdrf Hof lan .
Hof dbof NxfM x':;'n'+ KjfMk'm:;n'+ h'ofRj+u' h";f
rDks g+ h+uno\ t'kM AjMno\ lbsfM rfMlxnfM
RjgLu' h'O .
5Gx' qmflGtsf/L kf;flk+;+ rfGxo\ o]Fof
ulNnulNnO hg cfGbf]ngof gf/f Rjo]t joft
Ogfk oft . af+nfs Rjo]d;M . RjOu' :jof Rj+u'
afgL h"u'ln+ erf erf w]w]r'Os Rjo] dfM;f Rjo]u'
cfF6 wfM;f jofs]b' . qmflGtsf/Lto\;+ erf erf
af+dnfM;f+ NofM d? wfMu'ln+ Rjo]df:t] jn  . xfg+
5sM x] dRjMlgu' Hof h'of NxfM h'sfM :jo] df:t]
jn joft . Rjo]df:t]jM;f+ k'ln;+ Hjg ls Hofgof
vt/f h'Ou'ln+ Rjo]u' cfF6 ofo]d5fn . jofu' vF
Gogf qmflGtsf/L kf;flk+;+ cfsif{s Hofnf aLu' vF
28 yf} +sGx]
no\kf}
wfMano\ Dx't'O O{ r'n'r'n' jn . j+ Dxf+ wfo]dkmt .
:ofSs 5GXoM jo]s] w'+sf rfGxo\ bgfjgf+ c+uno\
gf/f Rjo]u' oft  . cfsif{s bf+ jMano\ dfMb]j+ :j+uM
ldvf s+ wfMy]+h'n . 5Gx' lgGx' lbkfM sfsf+ o]Fof
c+uno\ qmflGtsf/Lto\u' gf/f hfo]sn rDks+  .
cKjMyf;o\ RjofxMu'ln+ k'ln;to\;+ g+ erf
cKjM Wofg aLu' ofgf+ xn nf d:o", 5Gx' Rjof
RjRj+ x]No"g]+yMu' uMQf+ sQfSs Hjg . dl5+dl5+
sSs' kmxLsfM :jMano\ ug+ jM ug+ jM h'Os :jDx
KoDx k'ln; bgf+Rjg]w'+sn . pl3|do\ k'ln;of Eofg
jofu' GXoMg] EjfSs lbs]xn  . lkmNdo\ y]+ ;]s]08of
e/o]Eofg xMu' vgf+ rDks ch'rfn . ch'rfof
Rj+tn] k'ln;to\;+ es'+Ujf/f Yjfo]y]+ Yjfgf+ GXoMy]
lbs] xMu' Eofgo\ :jrfsfM Ajfs]o+sn  .
yfgfo\ k'ln;of xflsdof GXoMg]yM
qmflGtsf/L dv', lh k]G6/hs vM, KjfMof nflu
hs Rjo]dfMu' vF sGgfrfOk's laGtLefj oft .
cHofMu' clego nf cg Rj+lk+ k'ln;+ GXofan]+
:jofM Rj+u' x]vF h'n . axgL h'n ls dt :ofgf+
es'+Ujf/f YjfM jOu' h'n . es'+Ujf/f YjfMjOu' O{ h'of
jMln;]rDksof g'uMBM vfgf+ jO . d]lklgu' nfsf+
;M hs jM;f+ jx]odb'tt jn nf wofy]+Gxs';F
lt+lt+ :jfgf+ jo]w'+sL . tMGx' ts Dx5Dx+ gLnbfd
h'Os, knfM x]l5O dkmo]s bfofM TjMtf xn . UjMGx'
ts 8]/fo\ kf;flk+ ;Mtf Dxo\ lrsg+ a'Os]dfn .
yfgf+ lkxf+ jMano\ k]G6/kf;f+ joft Hof
dlan . jofu' yf;o\ d]Dx  dg"oft Hof laofto]
w'+sn . yg+ lnkf j+ xfg+ Hofof nflu rv'+av'g+
y]+g;f dfM h'n . GXofrMb+s dfn]w'+sfM aNNn
yMu' ufdo\ Rj+Dx 5Dx jlsn WjMb't . joft yMu'
b'Mv a]bgf
 sFano j+ h'4 ;tso\ sfkM k;M b'Dx
df]xgbf; sfkM ;fx'yfo\ Ajgf+ o+sn . tMbF GXoM
df]xgbf;oft s/+Hjgf+ d'2f tMano\ pDx jlsn+
df]xgbf;+ oSj s/ k'n]Djfo]sf Ao"u' h'ofRjg  .
jofu' u'0f df]xgbf;
 ;fx'+ n'd+sfM tMu'ln+ jlsnof
5u" Ogfko\ rDksoft jofu' k;no\ aGhfMdrf Hof
lan .
o]Fo\ jgf+ bf+ sdo] ofgf /]l8of] g]kfno\ Do]
xfn]u' Dxu; Dx+sf jMDx rDks g;]+ dg;]+ df]xgbf;
;fx'of k;no\ Hof ofMu' blR5 x]bt . Dx+dk'm wsf
5Gx' 5]Fo\ Rjg]t jf+ lx lkxf+ jo]s xfn]dfM . j g+
xfn]kmM;f ltlg d'ZsLn+ ljbf laO . d]yfo\ Hof
db'u' . b'u' Hof ofo]x]dfM wofu' larfM h'of j+ yfs'
drfM;] ofgf x] Rjg  .
5Gx' df]xgbf; ;fx'of 5o\of h+s'of 5]Fo\ Ejo\
Goft  . 5]F tMs" h'of kfxf+ ;MtfMtMlk+t gs]Tj+s]
ofo]t yfo l5+ . ;lgn h"ln;]kfxf+ jMlk+ Yo+sM
jn . nf, co\nfM DjfMlk+ h'of dl/rl/, l;;fa';f,
k'nfp g+ Ejo emMemM wfM . ;fx'of Ejo\ h'of rDks
;'y+lg;]+Gxs'+ rMlt xfo]sf Ujfxfln ofgfRjg .
Hof ofOlkGt larfM ofo]u' ;+:sf/db'u' nf Hof
ofOlkGt ugo]ofo]u' afgL d?u'ln+ vM nf Rof Tjg]u '
Ono\ RofM TjF wsf 5sM ;'gf g+ wfM djM . ;'of+
jf:tfO:tf d?  . Hof ofOlkGt Old;+ gs] DjfM wofy]+
vM nf, j g+ d:o" . ;'yo\ Rof 5u" Tj+u' e/o]axgL
h'n .
axgL Ejo\ SjrfMano\ lnafo\ w'+sn . ;sn]+
vF ;o]s' ;o]s'+ ;fSs gofM jg . e't'lnO s's j
rDks hs h'n .
y'ano\ df]xgbf; ;fx' jn . rDksof GXoMg]
bgf+ wfn–ærDks lnafo\ w'+sn . 5 tfkfs
jg]dlg . TofS;LO Rjgf x'F === === ÛÆ
;fx'+ rDksof Nxfto\ lgs" : js" gf]
6 wsf TofS;L vr{ laof u'0f ofgflbn . Yj u'0f lh+
tofMlan . ;fx' cg+ v'?Ss kmlxnf jg .
;fx'of Ejho\ dufMdrfM h'O wsf rDks
£j+£j+ :ofgf Hof oft . Kjfyo\ go]lkTofgf sfOofof+
ldgf Rj+u' Ono\ g+ ;fx'+ 5;M ts g+ go]w'g nf
dwfMu'ln+ rDksof g'uno\ :oft . Yj ;fx' /fIf;
ls dg" wofy]+Rjg . lkTofMu' Kjfy+ j+ 5'+ larfM ofo]
dkmt . ;fx'+ TofS;L vr{ wsf Nxfto\ KjMlrsf Ao"u'
Woaf Nxfto\ x]KjMlrgf j cg+ v'?v'? lkxf+jg .
TofS;LO Rjgf 8]/fkfv] :jof jgfRj+Dx
rDksof ;fk g'uno\ :oft . lGxl5 gx]dgM;]£j+£j+
:ofs Hof ofgfM g+ ;fx'+ go]w'gnf wsf 5;M x]
dGo+;]TofS;LO Rjgf+ x'F wsf ckdfg ofMu' n'd+n'd+
rlR5 Bg]dkmt .
sGxo\ v'Gx' rDks+ ;fx'of k;no\ Rj+ djg]u'
Sjl5t . ;fx'of ckdfg n'd+n'd+ jof dltO jn–
æ5Gx' lh sdfO bt ls AofxfM ofgf jofu' k;no\
Rj+u' bsl;ao\ lys]u' kl;{ GofgfM lhld snfMof
Nxft+ joft pkxf/laOs]=== ÛÆ
yf}+ k;no\ df]xgbf; ;fx' vg]vt+ NjMdg]
æ5Gx' lh sdfO bt ls AofxfM ofgf
jofu' k;no\ Rj+u' bsl;ao\ lys]u' kl;{
GofgfM lhld snfMof Nxft+ joft pkxf/
laOs] ===  ÛÆ
w'+s"u' k'nf+u' 3fMof :ofMrfM n'dgf jn rDksof .
j+ ;fx'oft yM 8LeL nfgf+ cd]l/sfo\ snfM gfk+
Rjgf+ Rjgfu' vF sg . yMoft 5'+ cfly{sef/db'u'
vF g+ sg . cg k;no\ Rj+u' bsl;ao\
lys]u' kl;{ 5TjfM Goft . j x]kl;{ yM snfMDx]l;t
laof wfn–æYj kl;{ lhld k'nf+Dx ;fx'hLoft 5+
pkxf/Ao' . jo\sM ;fx'of 5o\of h+s'ano\ lh+
lGxlR5 g;]+dg;]+ Hofofgf+ ;fx'+ lh 8]/fo\ lnxf+ jg]t
yf}+ts g+ NjMd+s] dk'mlg ===ÛÆ
rDksof vF snfMDx+ y'Os]dk'mt  .
efMtDx]l;of
 VjfM :jof jftfxf+ Rjg .
yMu' Wofr" df]xgbf; ;fx'g+ y"y]+ dy"y] h'of
OtMldtM s+u' rDks+ af+nfs x]rfn .
yf}+sGx] 29
no\kf}
 axlgl;of !) tf Ono\ kmf]gof 3G6L jO

:ofMu' g'uM l6l/=+ == l6l/=+ == l6l/=+ ==

;GWof gfk+ GXofOk's hLjgof ;'vb'Mvof
vF h'ofRj+u' Ono\ kmf]g NXjg]nf dg b'u' dv'
co\;f+ kmf]g NXjg]dfn .
kmf]go\ wfO=== 8f= cho Odh]G{;L 5u"
slDKns]68] s]; jMu' b' . emfo\dfn wfOu' x]
h'n . kmf]g NXjf]a+ n]cy]x]wfn . vnf yf}+lhu'
x]gfO6 8\o6" L vM . 8fS6//l] :6Ë sf]7fo\ lh
Rj+Rjgfan]5'+ O{ Gxfkf Uofi6«f] jf8{ g+ la/fdLofs]
efO/N; sof cn]jf;M lao]u ' Hof l;wo\sf
;GWof g;{ ;'6S' s lhu' sf]7 fo\ jn . Yj yf}o+ fu'
rfGx]l;of Ono\ la/fdLt djM;f+ Ho" y]+Rjg .
5fo\ wfM;f+ oSj lnkf jMu' gfO6 8\o6" L h"ul' n+ .
t/Odh]g{;L gfO6 8\o6" Lof cg 8\o6" L 8fS6/
hs vM . jg]dfn alg{Ë s]z h'ofRjg . :nfOg
laof la/fdL egf{ ofgf lh xfg+ /l] :6Ë sf]7f kfv]
jgf . d]lk+ h'lgo/:6fkmt s'g] x]b', lht ljZjf;
b' ls ;fdfGo s]zt nf :6fkmto\;+ XofG8n

abnf ofo\km'  .
lh sf]7fo\ jgf ;GWof g;{ cfMts g+ cg
x]sf]7fo\ b' vgL . lhlk+ lgDx]l;of by'O{ xfg+
GXofOk'u' vFnfanf h'n . yf}+lh+ jx]rf n'ds
Rjgf ls jx]sf/0f lhu' Yj ult h"u' vM . lar/f
+ f

lhld snfM === y'u' Ono\ uy]ofgf Vjof Rjg

HjL . uy]h'of Rjg HjL . v nf jofu' 5' g+ bf]if
dv' . === cx+ 5'+ x]bf]if db' === t/co\;f+ j+ ;hfo
ef]u] ofgfRjg lar/f lhld snfMg+ 5' ofo]=== Û
o]Fb]z
 o\ hGd h'of bflh{lnªof yf;o\
x's{] h"Dx . yf}= ts yhfu' b'Mv w}u ' x]d:oD" x .
;'v cfgGb hLjg lat]ofgf Rj+Dx . af} of
ofsMDXofo\ . ;+:s  f/w}u' k'mSs :oD" x . ;'y
ààzfGtf ofFrf Gxfkf bgf k'hf kf7 ofgf jofu' b}lgs Hof ofgf
RjgLDx . sfo\ cfo'ifoft :sn ' 5\jof cn]5]+

30 yf} +sGx]
no\kf}
dfMu' Hof ofgf af}o ft k;n]Ujxfln ofgf RjgLDx .
lh ;;af}5Dx gf+ rn]h  D" x ;fx' ;"o/{ fd . jo\
sMofu' Jofkf/Joj;fon]Ujxfln ofODx, Psbd
ldng;f/Dx cfvM Ajg]ufsf af}ofu' Joj;fon]
Ujxfln ofgfRj+Dx ;'hf=== lh kf;flk+ gfk+ dgsfdgf
BMyfo\ jgf . ;+of]u lhlk+ Rjgfu' xf]6n j ;'hfof
kl/jf/lk+ Rj+u' 5yfo\;+ h'n . axgLl;of hf go\t
Rjgf+ gfk+ t'+ x];'hflk+ Rjg . lhlk+ kf;flk+ KoDx jgfu'
dWo]lgZrn kf;fof ;'hf s]x F] h'ofRjg .
lgZrn kf;f+=== ;'hf 5 ;'gfk jofu' wsf Gog .
;'hf=== lh af, df+, ah]lk+ gfk+ jofu' .
;'hf+ Golg=== lgZrn bfO{ ;' gfk jofu' n] <
lgZrn=== lh g+ kf;flk+ gfk jofu' .
lgZrn=== ;'hf, 5+t 5' h'n < 5 nf Dx+ dk'mDx
y]+Rj+ wfO .
;'hf+ wfO=== lht skfM :oft uf8L+ nu]h'y+]
Rj+ .
lgZrn wfO=== skfM :of;f lh+ jf;M xofaL
kf;fofs]sof . lgZrn jgf 8f= chooft wfO===
lhld s]xo+] ft skfM :oft xF 5+s] jf;M b' nf < wsf
Rolg .
8f= cho sf]7fo\ jgf jf;M xof ;'hfof yfo\
jgL
8f= cho g+ wfO=== lgZrn g+ wfMu' ls l5t
skfM :oft x+, pls+ lh+ jf;M Hjgf jof elkof lb;f .
;'hf wfO=== wGojfb wsf jf;M sof 6]an]tO .
;'hf+ Golg l5u' kl/ro <
8f= cho g+ wfO=== lh 8f= cho >]i7
8f= cho g+ Golg l5u' kl/ro=== <
;'hf wfO=== lh ;'hf df:s ] .
jx]Ono\ nfs hfe' GXof]g ] to\x} k'ms+l;of hf
gof yMyMu' yf;]jgL .
rfGxl;of !@ tf Ono\ 8f= cho em;+u Gxon+
rfO . cxf]!@ ah]h'Ow's + n wfO{ nM 5u" lunf; Tjlg
cn]df]afOn cg ofgf df]afOno\ u]d lDxtf Rjlg .
df]afOno\ u]d lDxtf RjRj+ x]or';] Rj+u' VjfM
d';S' s lGxnf wGojfb wfMu' n'ds + f u'ln af+nfMu'
VjfM u'ln lxl; b'Dx wsf dgo\ cg]s  vF n'Osf Rj+
Rj+ x];'yl;of %tf O{ h'Ow's + n kf;flk+ bgf jof 8f=
chooft wfnls g' BMyfo\ nfOg Rj+ jg]dfn lnafO
emL kf]v/f g+ jg]dfgL wsf kf;flk;+ wfn .
BMofyfo\ nfOg Rj+an]g+ ;'hf gfk+ x]nft
lgDx]l;of ldvf Njft lgDx+ d';S' s lGxnL .
;'hf+ Golg=== 8f= cho l5u' 5]Fug <
8f= cho+ wfO=== lhu' 5]FnflhDkf6
8f= cho+ Golg=== l5u' 5]Fug n] <
;'hf wfO=== lhu' 5]Fnugv]n lhld afof
ls/fgf k;M b' lh g+ k;n]x]Rj+ jg]u ' vM wfwf+ x]
æ5Gx' lh sdfO bt ls AofxfM ofgf
jofu' k;no\ Rj+u' bsl;ao\ lys]u' kl;{
GofgfM lhld snfMof Nxft+ joft pkxf/
laOs] ===  ÛÆ
BMyfo\ n'vfo Yog . BM bz{g ofgf yMyMu' uGtJo
jg .
8f= choof dg yf;]x]dnft . vfln ;'hf
d';S' s GXo"u' hs n'ds + f Rjg . u'ln hs af+nfDx,
lrltSs Rj+Dx, u'ln ;xgzLntf b'Dx . ;'hfoft
hljgkf;f ofo\ bM;f lh u'ln efUodfgL h'O y] +. wsf
dg]dfof k]d| of vF n'Osf Rjg . 8f= cho kf;flk+
ln;]kf]v/f rflxnf sf7df8f}+lnxf+ jn .
5Gx' 8f= chog+ lgZrn kf;foft kmf]g ofgf
;Mtn . lgZrn jn .
lgZrn kf;f+ Gog=== lht 5fo\ ;Mtfu' < 5' wfo\
dfn <
8f= cho g+ wfO=== ;'hf 5+ s]x F] wfn u'sy+ s]xF]
yf}+sGx] 31
no\kf}

6]i6 kf]lhl6e x]jn . lh nf l;df+ s't+'
jMDx y]h + n
'  . Dx't' g+ ugfjg, ldvf+ Vjla
jn . NxfMt'lt g+ y/=== y/=== vft Nofa]
RjgLDx 6]lSgl;og gjLg g+ wof Rjg ls
8fS6/;fx]a l5 ;Dxfn]ofgflb;F .
wsf Gog .
lgZrn+ wfO=== ;'hf lhld lglgof DXofo\ .
lgZrn xfg+ wfO=== 5fo\ Go]gfu' l5ld ne h'n
ls 5' <
8f= cho d';S' s lGxnf Rjlg .
8f= cho g+ wfO === lgZrn 5 lhDx ;; bfh'
h'Odfn wsf wofu' sf .
lgZrn+ wfO=== cx===x=== 5 nf 5'k?] :td h'of
jnsf u'ln ;f]e  mfDx 8fS6/wsf Rjgfu' nf, 5 nf
uy]  <
lgZrn+ xfg+ wfO=== sf sf wGbf sfo\Djf lhld
lggL, kfh'ln;]lh+ vF Nxfgf :js
] f lGx+ === Û
32 yf} +sGx]
no\kf}
lgGx' :jGx' lnkf lgZrn+ yM kfh' ;"o/{ fd gfk+
vFnfanf ofgf 8f= chooft ;'hfofu' 5]+Ajgf o+ls .
;'hfof af};"o/{ fdof g+ 8f= cho vg]j x]lhrfefh'
h'ODx nf nfOs h" vlgsf wsf dg ;Gtf]if ofgf
vFnfanf ofgf DXofo\ lao]u ' h'n wsf vF SjlhsL .
cn]nl5lt lnkf >Lk+rdL lbg nfsf 8f= cho j
;'hfof Olxkf h'O . ;'hfln;]lhu' Olxkf yy]h'n .
Olxkf lnkf lhldu' clt x];'vdo hLjg h'of lat]
h'ofRjg . ;'hf 5Dx Psbd x];xgzLn kltj|tf gf/L
h'ofRjg . GXofan]+lhtM v'zL ofo\ul' n j lhtM ;]jf
ofo\ul' n hs x]lbg lat]ofgf Rjg . lh+ dg+tg' f ls
lh+ wfy]+x]le+Dx 1fgLDx ld;fgfk Olxkf ofgfu' vM sf
lh t;s+ x]efUofgL y]+Rjg .
lbg lat]h'h+' jg . ;'hf ue{jtL h'n . lh g+ af}
h'ODx h'n . 5'+ O{ lnkf sfo\ a'n cfo'if lhu' g'uMof
5u' 6'qmf lhu' k'ms+of xsbf/ . lht oSjl;g+ awfO
g+ lan . lhu' g+ df+af}b';f u'n v'zL h'n h'O . lhu'
dg 5s lvGg h'of jn . GXofu' x]h";f+ cfM lhu' 5u"
kl/jf/b' . lhu' 5u" ;+;f/b/ . cfo'if drfoft /v] b]v
ofo\t 5Dx s]x oF] fgf tofDx sdnf b' . lar/f sdnfof
g+ df+ af}db' . lh g+ df+af}dv' . O{ lat]h'h+' jg sfo\
cfo'if g+ tMlws h'ofjn . lhldu' 5u" ;'vL kl/jf/
h'of Rjg . uan]+kf]v/f, uan]+gu/sf]6 rflxnf lbg
lat]h'of Rj+u' b' . ;'hf g+ 5]oF fu' Hof bSj ;Dxfn]
ofgfRj+u' b' . 5'+ b'Mv wofu' x]db' .
cn]5Gx' lgGx' lnkf lht eltrf Dx];v ' d?y]+
Rjgfjn . lht 5' h'n y] +< 5fo\ lht yy]sdhf]/L
h'n < wsf dg]vF Nxft . cf 5s Nofao\ jgf lx 5s
6]i6 ofs]dfn wsf jgf . ODo'lg6L clt x]sd h"u'
vg]bt . lhtnf emg v'nb'nL h'n . cn]d]d u] ' g+ 6]i6
ofsf :jn k'ms+ l7s h" . bsn]lnkfnf Pr=cfO=eL=
kf]lhl6e vg]bt . lht nf ljZjf; nu]dh" co\;f+
dg dfg]dh" . xfsg+ 5sM 6]i6 ofsf g+ kf]lhl6e x]
jn . xfsg+ 6]i6 ofsf g+ kf]lhl6e x]jn . lh nf
l;df+ s't+' jMDx y]h+ n
'  . Dx't' g+ ugfjg, ldvf+ Vjla
jn . NxfMt'lt g+ y/=== y/=== vft Nofa]RjgLDx
6]lSgl;og gjLg g+ wof Rjg ls 8fS6/;fx]a l5
;Dxfn]ofgflb;F . t/lh+ ;Dxfn]ofo\ dk'mt lhu'
ldvf+ Vjla w/===w/=== jof t'+ Rjg cfM 5' ofo\u ' <
lh nf co\ofo\ yo\ofo\ dbof ‰ofn+ 5s Sj;f]of .
g;{lk+ k'ms+ yMyMu' 8\ol" 6 l;wo\sf yMyMu' 5]Fjgf Rjg,
plsdWo];GWof g+ b' vlg . lhu' 8\ol" 6 * ah]ts
b'ul' n+ lh nf Rjg]dflg . axgLl;of !) tf O{ h'n
lh xl:k6nof a/08fo\;+ Rj+Rjgf . df]afOnof 3g6L
Gofgf rjg ;'hfofu' kmf]g h'of Rjg lht nf emg
Uoft . cn]xyf;+ uf8L Rjgf 5]+jgf .
lh 5]FYo+an]sdnf j cfo'if b]g] w's + n ;'hf
wfM;f lh gfk+ x]hf go\t lkof Rjg . jofu' aflg
wfM;f cy]x]vM . lh 5]+Yog];fy+ x]wof lh yf}+
eltrf lnaft 5+ hf gof Rj+;f Ho" lg wof . ;'hfofu'
jx]d';S' s lGxn]u ' aflg d';S' s lGxnf wfn uan]+
uan]+yy]x]HjLu' vM . GXofan]+py]+HjLnf uan]
lnafO{, uan]+GXoYofO{ . l5+ edlks+ lh+ uy]gou' <
lh+ GXofan]+wfo\ y]+t'+ joft GXofan]+yy]HjLdv'lg
nf6L wsf ;De]m ofo\u' cfF6 g+ djn . lh+ 5'+ dwf;];s
rjgf, hf gof go\g+ dfl:tdjM . o;f+ gof ;'s + nf;fo\
Ujf/ft' jgf . ;'hf 5Ss rfn HjL yf}+5fo\y+] af+nfs
gg+ djf Vof ofgf lht xfo\sf RjlgDx . GXofOk's vF
NxfODx wsf dg]vF Nxfgf Rj+y+] Rj+ . lh GXof]jDx
y]+ofgf ;'s+ Rj+Rjgf . lht yg+ dy+ ;'s + b]vf 5\jt
;'hf  . lh kfv] d:j;]+ pv]kfv] :Jof uf]tn' f 5\jt  .
t/lht wfM;f GXof]djM . pv]5s y'v] 5sM d" k'k+' x]
;'yl;of % tf O{ h'Ow's + n .
lh+ 5u" sn]ho\ x]æPr=P= d]l8l;g Aj+su] ' ofgf
Rjgfu' b' . yf}+Snf; sf jg]g + dg b'u' dv' . 5'+ tof/L
g+ ofo\ dv+ . ;'hf+ lrof Hjgf jn . lrof Tjgf+ 5'+ vF
dNxf;]lh ;'=s uf8L Hjgf jgf 5\jof . sn]h  Yof]a+ n]
^M!% h'ow's + n . yf}o+ fu' Aj+su] ' 6lks Pr=cfO{=eL=
P8\; x]h'of Rjg . lht nf emg x]5fltx]tHofO y]+
Rjgfjn ldvfo\ Vjla hfof jn . Vjo\ Ho"u' dv' .
elt elt hs Aj+sf Snf;+ lkxf+ jof . 5]+g jg]u ' OR5f
x]db' . pls+ uf8L gu/sf]6 kfv]o+sf . gu/sf]6 Yog .
5u" l/;f]6o{ j\ gf Rjgf . cn];h
' foft kmf]g ofgf lh yf}+
5]+jo\ dv't . lh hfgo\ w'g . 5+ hf g wsf wO 5\
jof . cn]xl:k6n+ x]g+ kmf]g ofgf lh yf}+jo\ kmO
dv' wO 5\jof . aNn eltrf ;f+ w'Ss h"u' y]+Rjg .
;f; yxfFjMy]+Rjg . t/dgo\ wfM;f kxf8 lbgf Rj+u'
y]+RjF .
j]
6/jn skmL 5u' hs xlr wof . cn]
df]afOno\ u]d lDxtf Rjgf t/dg ;Dxfn]ofo\ dk'm .
cn]lh+ ;GWofoft kmf]g ofgf gu/sf]6 jf wsf ;mtf5\
gu/sf]6 Yog . 5u" l/;f]6o{ j\ gf Rjgf .
cn];h' foft kmf]g ofgf lh yf}+5]+jo\
dv't . lh hfgo\ w'g . 5+ hf g wsf wO
5\jof . cn]xl:k6n+ x]g+ kmf]g ofgf lh
yf}+jo\ kmO dv' wO 5\jof . aNn eltrf
;f+ w'Ss h"u' y]+Rjg .
+'
jof . ;GWofof yf}+8\o6" L d?u'ln+ j g+ jn . cn]lh+
lrs]g dMdM c8/ofgf j wfM;f GXofan]+y]+t'+ rs+u'
VjfM cn]d';d' ;' ' lGxnf Rjg . lht wfM;f gjfo\u'
g+ dg db' . tfa]t lnkf lh+ ;GWofoft I have HIV
wof . ;GWofof VjfM lvpF;] Rj+sn . 5'+ x]dwf;]
h'?Ss bgf, jg]gfk+ dwf;], GoFx] dGof];] jgf 5\jt .
;GWofg+ drfan]lg;]ofDx kf;f, cn]gfk+ cfvM
Ajgf+ ±@ g+ gfk+ x]Ajgflk+ cn]lh MBBS Ajgf
;+GWof gl;{ª Ajg . cfM hflu/g+ gfk+ x]nft . ;GWof
lht oSj tMs wfo\g+ w's + n I love you t/lh+ 5'+
ln; g+ dlaof j 5Dx af+nfMDx kf;f vM . pls+ 5'+ lbg
lnkf lhu' ;'hf gfk+ Olxkf h'n . ;GWofoft Ejo\ ;Mtf
yf}+sGx] 33
no\kf}

lh+ ;GWofoft kmf]g ofgf gu/sf]6 jf
wsfM ;tf5\jof . ;GWofof yf}+8\o6" L
db'ul' n+ j g+ jn . cn]lh+ lrs]g dMdM
c8/ofgf j wfM;f GXofan]+y]+t'+ rs+u'
VjfM cn]d';d' ;' ' lGxnf Rjg . lhtM
wfM;f gjfo]u' g+ dg db' . tfa]t lnkf lh+
;GWofoft I have HIV wof .
Ejo\ g+ jM . lgnf Konf tsnf afFnfs x]gt' ;'t' g+ b'u'
vM . k'ms+ afFnf x]h'of Rj+u' vM . ;GWof afFnfDx g+
vM . lhtM g+ of] . t/5'ofo\ eujfg+ tslb/] Rjo w's+ u' '
b' lhu' Olxkf ;'hf gfk h'n .
j 5u" rf jx]vM ls bsn]dWo tMw+u' bf]ifLof
rf n'ds + ] an]x] skfM tHofgf jOy]+Rj+ . lhu' g'Mofu'
6'qmf lhld sfo\ drf n'd;]j n cn]xfg+ j]6/;tf
xf8{l8«Í c8{/ofgf y'ls+ Gxfkf lh+ uan]dTjgf .
axlg lh uy]o fgf 5]Y+og wfo\ dk'm df]a fOn]Dof;]h
jn ;GWofofu' But I have no HIV lh nf ch'
rfn joft HIV dh';f :joft h'n n] < xfg+
34 yf} +sGx]
no\kf}
Dof;]h  jn sGx]5+ x]lhu' lx 6]i6 ofsf :j wsf .
lh+ nf 5'+ x]wfo dk'mt n'ds + f n'ds+ g] + dk'mt . cn]
lhu' :jfefljs x]h'n ;'hfoft z+sf jn . y'ln+
:jf+y+] Rj+Dx ;'hf lgisnÍ h'nnf < cn]pv'Gx' x]
lh ;'hfoft g+ axfgf bosf xl:k6no\ Ajgf o+sf .
;GWofofu' g+ lx HIV 6]i6 ofsf . lhu'g ;'hfofu' g+
kf]lhl6e jn . ;GWofofu' wfM;f g]ul] 6e jn . lhnf
emg x]Uoft . cfM 5'ofo\u,' cn];'hfoft 5'+ x]dwf;]
lhlk+ lgDx+ 5]+lnxfF jgf . dg dRj+ 5'ofo\ 5'ofo\ h'n .
sGx]v'Gx' xfsg+ sfo\ cfo'ifofu' g+ lx 6]i6 ofsf :jof .
cfo'ifofu' wfM;f g]ul] 6e jn . lhu' dg eltrf;f+
9'Ss h'n, uy]h'n wofu' lh+ 5'+ x];f]ro] fo\ dk'mt .
5]+jgf 5'+ x]dwf;];'hfofu' ;fdfgt k'ms+ lt;ft, j;M
bsf]k+ f]lrsf cn]%) nfv ofu' r]s  5s' laof lh+
;'hfoft wof=== ;'hf 5 x'F x'F ;'hf=== 5 yg Rjg]dt] .
cn]uan]g+ yg jo\ dt]5 x'=F == lhtnf cfM 5Gt !
;]sG] 8 g+ :jo don 5 jgf x]5\j lht do\n 5=== .
lar/L ;'hf tLg 5Ss h'of Vjofxn 5fo\ 5'
h'n < lhu' 5' uNtL h'n < woflb;Fn=] == lh+ 5'+ x]
dy'n . lh+ 5' ck/fw ofgf < woflb;Fn] wfwf+ Vjn,
cg]s k|Zg oft lar/f joft 5' h'of Rjg w}u ' nf
5v]ltlg, jOt HIV h"u' wofu' emg 5'+ x]d:og' L .
l;lsu' g+ uy] . ;'hf 5]+Rjg]u ' jftfj/0f x]dh';n ] L
yM sfo\ cfo'ifoft gfk+ t'+ Ajgf o+su] ' hf]8 oft g+ lh+
sfo\ cfo'ifoft d5\jof . ;'hfofu' dg+ 5' lat]h n' lh+
5'+ x];f]ro] fo\ dk'mt . 5Gx' lgGx' lnkf lh+ 5]Fofu' /v ]
b]v ofo\u' sfo\ cfo'if ofu' larfM ofo\u' bSj+ Hoft
sdnfoft x]lhDdf laof lh g+ yMu' ufd]vf]6fª
kfv]5'+ lbg ofu' nflu jgf+ . ufd]jgf yMlyltlk+ gfk+
gfknfgf+ k'nf+lk+ kf;f efOlk+ gfk+g+ gfknfgf lh xfg+
sf7df8f}+lnxfF jof . lar/L sdnf lh sfo\oft lg;]+
sof 5]+ofu'g+ bSj+ x]OdfGbf/L ;fy x]/v ] b]v
 ofgf
Rjg . lht vg];  fy+ x]sfo\ cfo'if afaf=== wsf Vjn
lhu' ldvfo\ Vjla hfof jn .
 sdnf lar/L oftg+ 5' :o" ;'hfoft HIV h"u'
wsf . sdnf+nf lht tMs x]Gog]w's + n, efph' uan]
emfOn] < t/lh+ 5'+ x]hjfkm laO dk'm . eltrf lnkf
sdnfg+ lht wfn=== bfO{ l5t gfknfo\ dfn wsf
5Dx lbbL emfMu', cn]Yj lr¶L Tjtf ys'u' wof lr¶L
lan . lr¶L vf]n  ] ofgf :jof ;GWofofu' h'of Rjg .
lr¶L yy]ofgf RjoftMu' —
"I am sorry lht dfkm ofgf Ao", lh l5 gfk+
Olxkf ofo\u' tMw+u' OR5f vM lh+ l5t oSj x]dltgf
ofgfu' g+ vM lht l5 t;s+ x]of]u' vM t/l5+ d]D xx]
gfk Olxkf oft . lh+ l5t u'ln dfof ofgfu' vM t/
l5u' dfof lh+ sfo\ dk'mt . lh+ l5s]abnf sfo\dfu'
b', cn]lh+ ;f]r  ]ofgf , 5Gx' l5t lhu' 5]+;tf l5gfk
5u" /ft lat]ofgf cn]l5t oSj P]o\nf Tj+sf nYy
ofgf  . cn] HIV k];]G6ofu' lx Njfshofu' OGh]S;g
laofu' vM . pls+ l5t HIV h'n lht dh' . cn]
l5u' dfkm{t l5 snfMoft g+ h'n . yf}+lht b'Mv h'of
Rj+u' g+ b'  . lar/L l5Dx snfM rf+ lGx+n]+ulNn tdf;f
s]Gxf Rj+u' b' .
l5Dx snfM ofu'nf 5'+ bf]if db' uN6L g+ db', l5u'
g+ 5'+ uN6L db', l5t 5s gfknfgf dfkmL ˆjg]wofu'g+
;Dej x]dh'n lh s+;x]cd]l /sf jg]u' h'n pv]Rjg]u'
h'O{ g]kfn uan]+x]lnxfFjo dv'HjL . Ho";f lht dfkm
ofgf laof lb;FÆ .
 jx] ;GWof
lr¶L Ajg]w's+ f lhnf kfxf8+ s't+' jMDxy]h'n .
lhu' ldvf+ Vjlaof wf/f afMjn === . ;GWof 5+ Psbd
afFnfu' Hof oft, lh gfk+ abnf sof . t/5 Uofo\dt]
lh+ 5+s] abnf sfo\ dv' .
cHofu' abnf sfou' tfst g+ lhs]db]w's + n
hLjg x]gi6 h'o\ w's + n 5Gt oSj oSj wGojfb
;GWof=== 5+u' hLjg oSj oSj le+ h'Odf ;GWof===
snfM ;'hfoft lh+ Aofks ¿k+ dfnf :jof
ug+ x]n'Os]dk'm, sfo\ cfo'if+ g+ tMsx]Gog]w's
+ n df+
uan]emfO{ wsf . ;'hfofs]dfkmL ˆjg]u' OR5f Yj
h'gL k'js + t] kmO dv't . ===lhDx sfo\ cfo'ifoft tf]t f
jg]ug' + dg+ dv+ t/Yj gLr nlHht VjfMkf AjofM
Djfou' g+ OR5f db' lhu' hLjg cy]x ] gi6 h'of jg===
=== gi6 x]h'of jg=== === .

yf}+sGx] no\kf}oft yMk's]u' lglt+ hLjgufl5 hM h'of Ujxfln ofgf lbOlk+

xg]axlk+ ;dfh;]jL efh' do\h' lklgu' gf+ wnM yg GXoygfMu' h'n .
j:snlk+t ;'efo\ gfk+ le+t'gf b]5fofu' h'n .

ljz]if cfhLjg ;b:o ljz]if cfhLjg ;b:o cfhLjg ;b:o cfhLjg ;b:o
eujfg/Tg t'nfw/ /fh]Gb| zfSo bLks df:s] /f]zg dxh{g

yf}+sGx] 35
no\kf}
yMu' vF –
…clen]v ;+/If0fo\ cfzf ;k"ms'lyÚ
;k"mof ;Gbe{o\
Rjld do\h' lbJof tfd|fsf/of Pd= P= of zf]w  kq
…clen]v ;+/If0fo\ cfzf ;k"ms'lyÚgf+of ;k"m lkyg]t
cfzf ;k"ms'ly u'ly+ ofMu' Ujfxflnoft cfkfn+ ;'efo\
b]d5f;]+dufM . ;k"mof ;fdfGo cWoogsy+ vgfu'
ldvf+ dv+Dxl;t ck|z ] g ofgfM v+su] ' y]+tfMnfM .
t:;s+ no\tfM . lembF lem+GofbFof cGt/fno\ s'lyof
Gx"u' kl/dflh{t g]j fM5]oF \ knfM tOu' y]+g+ dtfMu' dv',
tfn .
do\h' tfd|fsf/of ;f]wkqof wnMsy+
!_ ;fdfGo Dx;Lsf
@_ clen]v  of wnM, HofVonf j Gx"u' ejgof
lgdf{0f
#_ AolQm j ;+:y fof of]ubfg
$_ clen]vof ;+/If0f
cflb+ cfzf ;k"ms'lyof ;fdfGo hfgsf/ L cyf{t so]Rofo]dk'mt 5fo\ < 5fo\ TjfMb]jfof Sjo\
laOt tfMnfMu' b' . y'HjMu' emMemM wfMu' ;km" Ajg]vu+ '
Gxfkf+u' h'O ;fob hLjgo\ . t;s+ k|efljt dh"u' dv',
h'n g'uM . pln kf]V t dvo\km' g]k fnefiffo\ lh, u'ln
;+:sl[ tO, y'ln g+ db'Dx ssf ;'/G] b|dfg >]i7of k|/] 0ff+
k|l] /t h"Dx cjZo vO .
;+of]u+ jiff}+{lnkf Gx"u' cfzf ;k"ms'lyof 5]Fvgfu'
h'n do\h' lbJof tfd|fsf/of lkb+u' ;k"mltO . Yj g+ 5u"
efUo+ r"nfMu' h'O . 5fo\wfM;f ædf+of 5kfM ;k"mof lgkfM
;k"m jnÆ wsfM sfo\ efh' k|lbk >]i7+ NxfltO nMNxfgf
dAo"u' h";f dvgLu' h'O ;fob . yy]pRr dxTjfsf+Iff
HjgfM tof/h"u' ;k'mltO cfzf ;k"ms'lyof ;';l' rs[t
ofo]u' cflb pRr Hofof GXofSj k|z; + f ofM;f+ dufOu'
36 yf} +sGx]
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u|Gyt cWoogof x'lg+, efh' do\hl' kGt cMk'so] f x'lg+
do\h' tfd|fsf/of zf]wkq t;s+ Ujfxfln h'Ou' vgf
lh+ . y'HjMu' ;k"mkfv]+cKjMl;g+ njM sofjORj+u' b' .
pls dWo]yM g+ 5Dx vO . Oltxf; pnf:jt wfM;f
kTofM h'Odf dh'Odf, xlndo\ cfzf ;k"ms'ly u'ly
a'l4;fu/of dlGb/vM wOu' hgwf/0ff b' . Yj dlGb/of
UjfxflnO tfd|fsf/do\h+' Pd= P= zf]w  kqo\ tof/
ofgfbLu' l;nl;nfo\ ;dfj]; h'ofRj+u' yL yL ljwft x]
xfsg+ 5sM b'Uo+s jfnfM d'j+ Mu' ;|ft] t tgflan wfM;f
cem ;k"mof dlxdf cKjofM pRrlzIff lkPr= l8= of
zf]wkq g+ tof/h'Ou' vgf . yy]uf}/jzfnL ctLt
bo]s bo]s+ g+ yf}+emLu' ldvfo\ 1fgof cefj h'n
5fo\ < emL;+ emLu' k'vf{lklgu' bz{goft so]dRof;]+
dt+ dvn < uy]ls emL df+–af}lkG;+ ulNt ofgfM å+sfM
yMu' efiffoft xfs'ltgfM æalQ cfof]Æ, æeft vfpmÆ,
ætfln ahfpmÆ cflb cflb Gjfsf tn .
efiff+ b]o\ Dx;LsL, b]z+ cfzf ;k"ms'ly Dx;LsL
g]kfMld efh' do\hl' k;+ . g]kfM b]oo\ f df}lnstf wOu'
kmh'n dv' .
Gxfkf g]jfM h'hl' k;+ ;+:s  [t efiff k|of]u ofO .
Rjo]t g]jfM lnlk 5\onL . Yj cMk' dh"ul' n+ v;
efiffoft Tofo\sofM b]j gfu/L cfvn+ Rjo]u ' ofMu'
h'n . ;+:s  [t efiff yfs'ofM g]j fMefif+ lxOsfM Ajg]u'
h'n . lnkf jgfM v;efiffoft x]/fi6« efiffo\ kl/0ft
oft . d} lyln, ef] hk'/
L cflb efiffoft kfvfo\
nfsn . ;Qfo\ jg]u' kfM djMlg cldu' . efiffof g]jfM
jfËdoof x'lg+ yg ;+:s  [lt DjfgfRj+u' b' g]k fMufno\ .
pls+ u'u+' hfltoft lan'Kt ofo]t cldu' efiff j
;+:s[ltO lg+ cfqmd0f ofO . efiffof :jfk" ;+:s[ltgfk
h'O . pls+ yf}+s Gxo\ g] kfnefiffoft d] d]
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wfo]dkmOu' yfo\ x]bOdv' . Yj x];Gbe{o\ 5u"
larfM – n]vs cd[tf lk|tdof …cbfntÚoft clt
d]xgt ofgfM g]kfnefiffo\ lxnfM Gx"u' ;k'mltO kl/0ft
ofgfbLDx efh' zfSo /fhfoft b'gu' n+lg;]+cfef/
AoQm doft wfM;f d"v{ h'Ot a]/db' . cy]x]y]+d]d]u'
g+ ;k"mt GXoMg]b+jO wOu' cfzfs'lt h'ofRjgfu'
dt+lg . Yj g+ 5u" g]kfnefiffof ;k"mt cKjo]s  fM
w's"oft aNnfs]u' pkfo vM dwf;]dufM t/d]v/]
g]kfnefiffof ;k"mt j+u' axQ/a}zfvof clj:dl0f{o
tRjMu' e'vfr+ pv]n  fM y'v]nfM dbofM ;k"mt tfkfg clhdflk;+ yMu' afx'an+ b'Mv l;ofM >4fk"js { d"t{
jg hLjg+ . pls;+ pd]/sy+ dfgj z/L/o\ jOu' afwf cd"t{ ;flxlTos s[ltto\u' b'Uo+s pNn]v ofgftMu'
c8\rgof ;d:of+ 5]Fo \ b'g]lkg]ofo]u' g+ erf cMk' do\h' tfd|fsf/of ;k"mof GXov+ cjut h'O . gfk+ k'nf+
dh'Ou' h'ofRjg hLjgo\  . df+of g]kfnefiffof ;k"mhs RjvF, O{kf}lkygf, k|frLg g]kfMof /fli6«o clen]v
5uM afs; b' wfMu' Gogf . t/yf}+t s dvgflg . afo\ lkygf, k'nf+voF f yL yL kIfo\ hM XjnftMu' Rj;',
lxn]dfMu'ln+ . RjRj+ lbgfjgL, clt efa's h'ofM wnMkf}a'vF lkygf kfv]g+ clts+ dg+ vgftMu' db' wfo]
kL8f+ b|ljt h'ofM . dHo" . Yj 5u" df}sf g+ vM s'lyoft . ;k"mof bz{gsy+
lstfaof ;+;f/t;s+ tAof cy]x];+:s  f/ b]z+ b'g] lkg]yL yL b]z
 o\ Rj+lkGt g+ kfo\l5 Ujfxfln
;+:sl[ tof VoM g+ pln x]tAof . pln x]GXofOk';] ofOu' nIf0f b' . Yj k'mSs s'lyof b'hMlk+ cyf{t yL yL
Rj+u' emg\ la: su+ ' dHhf jO . plsof lrq0f, sy+of HofsMld lklgu' dfgl;s r]tgfof pkh vM .
snfTds k|so[ fof sNkgfo\ tgLu' d]u' x]dHhf g+ clwsf/g+ h'O . kfl/>ldsof Aoj:yf g+ 5u" plrtu'
tgf laO . uy] ls – n'F cfvn+ RjoftMu' af}4  u|Gy, tGt' vM . gfk+ cfw'lgs hLjg z}n  Lof glthf g+ wfo]
l;+of sFgo\ nLkftf+ e'gfM BMlklgu' d"lt{ lsoftMu', l5+ ;k"mof cWoog sy+ . cflb OToflb .
:js'n+ fMu' u|Gyt, yL yLsy+of x:tlnlvt u|Gy, yL k'gZr M do\ho' f k|sflzt ;f]wkq cWoog
yL sfnlan HofvFof k|df0f, tf8kq, g]k fnL EjFto\,\ DxMrfhs;f+ pls lhu' g'uM vF jfgfRj+u' h'ofRjg .
e'h{ kqo\ pNn]v ofgftMu' cflb+ g]k fMufMof g]k fMld uy]ofgfM AoQm ofo], uy]ofgfM pNn]v  ofo]h'ofRj+u'
Dx;Lsf . gfk+ efiff, wd{ ;+:s  l[ t–;+:s
 f/of af/o\ 1fg yMt . cy]g+ oyfy{of w/ ftno\ Yo+s u] ' x}
l;ot
laOt g+ Gx"u' ?k/v
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yf}+sGx] 37
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ef]+ld >]i7of
 …n'sa' LTo+u' lgefÚ pkGof; j ldnf -afv+
d'gf_ lgu" ;km" lktAjHof dfo\g]k'rMof Uj;fno\ ef]+t o\ h"u'
b' . Hof‰jno\ d'FHof gfoM sy+ hgdt jfËdo k|lti7fgof
gfoM df]xg b'jfn, d"kfxfF ;+:s[  ltljb\ 1fg sfhL dfgGw/,
laz]ifkfxfF g]kfnefiff s]Gb|Lo ljefuof k'nf+Dx k|dv ' bFdFH' ofof ‰jno\ Hof‰jMof d"kfxf+ gf+hfMDx afv+Rjld
k|f=8f= rGb|dfg ah|frfo{, hgdt afl6sfof ;+of]hs ;"o{
k|;fb nfsf]h", kfxfF sy+ g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L sfe|]of
gfoM /3j' / k|wfg, g]paf dxf;+3of ;b:o ;'/s[i0f a}B,
sfe|] SofDk;of nDaf]8/ sfo:y, kqsf/ /df s0f{lht,
efiff;]jL xl/ k|;fb >]i7, g]jfM ;"rgf s]Gb|of slh /fh]Gb|
/l~ht nufotlkG;+ AjltsofbLu' vM .
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yMlklgu' gf+lg;]+larfM ts+ yMu' x]efif+ hs dv' yMu'
x]lnlk+ ts+ to\u' ofgfxMu' b' . cy]km]; a'so\ k|rlnt
g]kfnlnlk+ x]yMlklgu' larfM j gf+ to\km'u'of sf/0f wOu'
cfgGb dxh{gof g]t[Tjo\ o'jfto\u' 5u" k'rn+ cfoK; bo\
s"u'ln+ vM . yMyMu' df]a fOno\ 8fpgnf]8 ofgf k|rlnt
g]kfn lnlk+ Rjo\ lhOu' sy+of Joj:yf h"u' b' . pls+
lnkf+u' Ono\ jof oSjl;of km];a'sof jfno\ k|rlnt
g]kfn lnlk+ RjoftMu' vg]bofjMu' b' . j+u' zlgjfM
hs g]kfn lnlk u'lyof Uj;fno\ 5u" Hofem\jMof;]+pu'
cfo\K;of pn]Hof h"u' vM . o]Fof lnlk u'lyof yMu' x]
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gfoM g/]z tfd|sf/h'ofbLu' vM .
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zLif{sof afv+ d'gfof ljz]iff+  s O{nf]xF k|sfzgof …gMlnÚ
;flxlTos klqsfo\ lkb+u' vM . !* Dx ldh+ j @@ Dx ld;f
afv+RjldlkG;+ …lx/fdf]tLÚ zLif{soft Njo\s afv+ RjofM
b'lt+u' vM . yy]b'xf+ jMu' afvgo\ ld;fkfv]+sflGt dfgGw/+
Gxfk j cldtf dxh{g n'ldnf+ xMkfM l;/kfM TofsfbLu'
vM;f ldh+kfv]+ /fh]g dfgGw/ Gxfk j ;'lgn ah|frfo{
xMkfM l;/kfM Tofs]t tfMnfMu' vM .
38 yf} +sGx]
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nMNxfMu' b' . g]kfnefiffof ;flxTo j k|sfzgof Vono\
HjMdb'u' of]ubfg laof jofRj+u' s'tM lksfsMof gfoM
ljdn tfd|sf/oft l;/kfMsy+ gLåM tsf j xgfkf}nMNxfMu'
vM . d+sfM w's" art tyf C0f ;xsf/L lnld6]8of u'SjMu'
/fhf zfSo+ pu' l;/kfM nMNxfgfbLu' vM .
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5u" ;xnx Hof‰jM h"u' b' . g]kfnefiff Ps]b]ldof
rfG;n/lrQ/ ~hg g]kfnLof cWoIftfo\ h"u' pu'
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ljwf, 5u" af}l4s ;xnxÆ ljifo; d"vF GXoAjofbLu'
vM . onof hfXjnfVono\ Rj+u' pu|r08L BM
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pkl:yt h'ofbLlk+ ;snl;t Ps]b]ldof ;b:o ;lrj
dNn s]=;'Gb/+n;s'; ofgfbLu' vM .
^= la/ f6 g] kfnefiff ;flxTo ;Dd] ng u'ly, Vjkof
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;flxlTos Hof‰jM ofMu' b' .
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Hof‰jno\ ;Dd]ng u'lyof gfoM s[i0feQm af]8]+Hof‰jM
GXofsfbLu' vM . pu' Hof‰jno\ g]kfnefiffof ;flxTosf/lk+
;f}/e zfSo, gjLgk|sfz >]i7, dfl0fs p/fo\, k|bLk/Tg
zfSo, slj bf; gLnM, nIdL dfnL, :g]x ;fo\ld, x]/f/Tg
zfSo, tLy{eQm ys", a;Gt/fh gsMld, a+zLw/ah|frfo{,
g/]zdfg lsk", /fhefO hsMld, cf]dsfhL tfd|sf/, lq/Tg
zfSo, Zofd cfzf sfo:y, uf]ljGbdfg >]i7, nId0f
/fhj+zL, /]0f' >]i7, /Lgf t'nfw/, ladnf zfSo, /d]z
dfgGw/, a'4 g]jfMln;]+cfkfn+ ;flxTosf/lkG;+ yLyL
ljwfo\ yMyMu' ;flxTo kf7 ofgfbLu' vM .
 d'Dx M ?lSd0fL

g]jfn d"n v“Ujn d'gf

d"n zAb pRrf/0f vo\ efo\ c+u|]hL
Rj NjxF RjNjxF rsds a flint

Rj NjxF Rj NjxF ;fg nufpg] 9'+uf a white stone (sharpur)

RjF;f RjF;f cf;g, lgjf; seat

RjnKjn RjMKjM a]xf]/f, ¥ofªYofª pertinence

Rjn RjM kf;f]÷w/fk a trap

Rjsf Kjsf Rjsf Kjsf 5]p g 6'Kkf] either end of a thread

RjfsF Rjfs+ s'/f]÷vfsn a spear grass

RjfSs RjfSs KofRr without deliberation

RjfTof RjfTof s'k|f] a hunch backed person

Rjfk' Rjfk' lxpF, j/km snow/ ice

Rjk' ufo] Rjfk' ufo] lxpF kg'{ a snow fall/ blizzard

Rjfk' v';L Rjfk' v';L lxdgbL glacier

Rjfk'u'+ Rjfk'u'+ lxdfno snowy mountain/snow capped mountain

Rjfk' wfs' Rjfk' wfs' lxdkft snow fall

RjfKjnrf RjfKjMrf a]n'g÷u'Aaf/f balloon

Rjflkm Rjflkm vf]/]6f] a broom made of bamboo

Rjfd' Rjfd' tLvf] ;'O/f] h:tf] 6'Kkf pointed

Rjfd'SjsL Rjfd'SjsL r'r] vGtL a pointed pick

RjfDjn RjfDjM rd/ yak's tail

RjfDjn;f RjfDjM;f rf}+/L ufO{ yak

Rjfo] Rjfo] s'6'g' to bite, to kick

Rjfnf Rjfnf Rjfnf Rjfnf ;k{n] lha|f] lgsfNg] to stir/wriggle

s[of
RjfSs RjfSs KofRr ‰jf§ without thinking, suddenly

Rjo\Rjo\ wfo] Rj] Rj] wfo] km'/km'l/g' to be over estimate oneself

yf}+sGx] 39
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km'sl;t+ ;r]t ofo]df .

cfunflu ;fd'lxs ;d:of xf],

;a}nfO{ ;r]t agfpmF .

g]kfn ;/sf/
;"rgf tyf ;~rf/dGqfno
;"rgf ljefu

40 yf} +sGx]
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