Osvaldo Izata

Lab 3

Beer’s Law

Exercise 2: Beer’s Law

Exercise 1:
Data Table 1. Sample Preparations.
Volume of Volume of
Tube Total Volume in Final Concentration of
Distilled Standard Blue
Label Test Tube (mL) Blue Dye in Test Tube (M)
Water (mL) Dye (mL)
B 0 mL 5 mL 5.0 2.57 x 10-4 M
1 0.5 mL 4.5 mL 5.0 2.3 x 10-4 M
2 1.0 mL 4.0 mL 5.0 2.06 x 10-4 M
3 1.5 mL 3.5 mL 5.0 1.80 x10 – 4 M
4 2.0 mL 3.0 mL 5.0 0.000154 x 10 -4 M
5 2.5 mL 2.5 mL 5.0 1.23 x10-4 M
6 3.0 mL 2.0 mL 5.0 1.03 x 10 -4 M
7 3.5 mL 1.5 mL 5.0 7.71 x 10-5 M
8 4.0 mL 1.0 mL 5.0 5.14 x 10-5 M
9 4.5 mL 0.5 mL 5.0 2.57 x 10-5 M
W 5.0 mL 0 mL 5.0 0M

1. Describe possible sources of error in this experiment.

Volume of stock solution with molarity 2.57 E-4 M is 5.0 mL ,

From this stock solution we use 0.5 mL of this stock solution and dilute to 5.0 mL in tube1.

M1= 2.57 E-4 M , V1 = 4.5 mL , V2 = 5.0 mL ( final volume)

We have to find M2 ( final molarity)

Lets use M1V1 = M2V2

M2=M1V1/V2 = 2.57E-4 M x 4.5 mL / 5.0 mL = 0.0002313 M = 2.3 E-4 M

Now for next dilution , in tube level 2 ,

We have 4.0 mL of stock solution and so its M1= 2.57 E-4 , V1 =4.0 mL , V2 = 5.0 mL

M2 = 4.0 mL x 2.57 E-4 M / 5.0 mL = 2.06 E-4 M

Level 3

M2 = 3.5 mL x 2.57 E-4 M / 5.0 mL = 1.80 E – 4 M

Level 4

M2 = 3.0 mL x 2.57 E-4 M / 5.0 mL = 0.000154 E -4 M

Level 5

M2 = 2.5 mL x 2.57 E-4 M / 5.0 mL = 1.23 E-4 M

Level 6

M2 = 2.0 mL x 2.57 E-4 M / 5.0 mL = 1.03 E -4 M

Level 7

M2 = 1.5 mL x 2.57 E-4 M / 5.0 mL = 7.71 E-5 M

Level 8

M2 = 1.0 mL x 2.57 E-4 M / 5.0 mL

= 5.14 E -5 M

Level 9

M2 = 0.5 mL x 2.57 E-4 M / 5.0 mL = 2.57 E-5 M

In level 10 there is no presence of dye so Molarity of dye would be zero.

Exercise 2: Beer’s

Questions 2 - 5 are based upon the following scenario:

A testing laboratory has been hired by a company called "Drug Company Q" to analyze a series of
over-the-counter drugs that the company produces. In these over-the-counter drugs, the active
ingredient is called "Active Ingredient M." The laboratory technician collected the following data
from samples with known concentrations of the active ingredient M. That data is shown below in
Table 2. Convert %T to absorbance (A=2-log(%T)) and prepare a Beer's law plot using this data.
The technician also collected absorbance readings for the 5 over-the-counter drugs for review. The
data collected for the 5 over-the-counter drugs is shown in Table 3.

Table 2. Known concentrations of M drugs.

Data Table 2. Concentration and Resistance.

2. Create a Beer’s law plot and best fit line for the data in Table 2. Insert the graph
into Graph 2.

Concentration of Blue Dye in Resistance Reading on

Tube Label
Test Tube (M) Colorimeter (Ω)
B 2.57 x 10-4 M 09.2
1 2.3 x10-2M 08.7
2 2.1 x10-2M 07.4
3 1.8 x 10-2M 06.3
4 1.6 x10-2M 05.2
5 1.3 x10-2M 04.5
6 1.04 x10-2M 04.0
7 7.8 x10-3M 03.4
8 5.2 x10-3M 02.8
9 2.6 x10-3M 02.5
W 0M 02.3
CD 1 0 12.6
CD 2 0 05.3

Graph 1. Plot of Concentration vs. Resistance.

Plot

Beer's Plot (Concentration vs Resistance)

12

10
Resistance (Ω)

2
2.57 x 2.3x E- 2.1x E- 1.8 x 1.6 x 1.3 x 1.04 x 7.8 x 5.2 x 2.6 x 0 0 0
E-4 2 2 E-2 E-2 E-2 E-2 E-3 E-3 E-3
Concentration (M)
Questions

A. Describe possible sources of error in this experiment.

The remainder of these questions are based upon the following scenario:
A testing laboratory has been hired by a company called “Drug Company Q” to analyze a series
of over-the-counter drugs that the company produces. In these over-the-counter drugs, the active
ingredient is called “Active Ingredient M.” The laboratory technician collected the following data
from samples with known concentrations of the Active Ingredient M. That data is shown below in
Table 1. Convert %T to absorbance (A=2-log(%T)) and prepare a Beer’s law plot using this data.
Table 1. Known Concentration of M Drugs.
Sample Identification Code Sample Concentration (M) %T
Q5000 4.00 x 10-4 17.9
Q5001 3.20 x 10-4 25
Q5002 2.40 x 10-4 35.7
Q5003 1.60 x 10-4 50.2
Q5004 8.00 x 10-5 70.8

The technician also collected absorbance readings for the 5 over-the-counter drugs for review.
The data collected for the 5 over-the-counter drugs is shown in Table 2.

Table 2. Absorbance Data for Over-the-Counter Drugs.

Sample Identification Code %T
M21050-1 43.7
M21050-2 44.1
M21050-3 45.8
M21050-4 42.1
M21050-5 30.1
B. Create a Beer’s law plot and best fit line for the data in Table 1.

Beer's Plot (Absorbance vs

Concentration)
80
70
Absorbance (A)

60
50
40
30
20 A = -163750c + 79.22
10
0
0.00E+00 1.00E-04 2.00E-04 3.00E-04 4.00E-04 5.00E-04
Sample Concentration, c (M)

3 Use the Beer’s law plot and best fit line to determine the concentrations for samples:
M21050-1, M21050-2, M21050-3, M21050-4, M21050-5.

Sample Calculated concentration (M)

M21050-1 9.76 x 10^-4
M21050-2 9.85 x 10^-4
M21050-3 1.02 x 10^-3
M21050-4 9.41 x 10^-4
M21050-5 6.73 x 10^-4

Sample Identification Equation : A = -163750c + 79.22

Absorbance
Code
M21050- A−79.22 43.7−79.22
c= −163750 = = 2.17 × 10−4 M
1 43.7 −163750
𝐴−79.22 44.1−79.22
c= −163750 = = 2.14 × 10−4 𝑀
−163750
M21050-2 44.1
𝐴−79.22 45.8−79.22
c= −163750 = = 2.04 × 10−4 𝑀
−163750
M21050-3 45.8
𝐴−79.22 42.1−79.22
c= −163750 = = 2.27 × 10−4 𝑀
−163750
M21050-4 42.1
𝐴−79.22 30.1−79.22
c= −163750 = = 3.00 × 10−4 𝑀
−163750
M21050-5 30.1
 4. The company reported that sample M21050-2 has an M concentration of 0.0003M.
Assuming that the results in Question C are 100% accurate and without error, is the
company’s statement accurate? What is the percent error between the reported
concentration and the concentration calculated in Question C?

No the analysis by the drug company does not match with the calclated concentration
of M21050-2. The value calculated in the problem by the given set of data is shown in
question C. We have an approximately 40% error in this case.

Reported concentration of sample M21050-2 = 0.0003 M

Calculated concentration of sample M21050-2 = 0.00021 M

Not accurate
|0.0003−0.00021|
% error = × 100 = 39.88%
0.00021

5 By law, Drug Company Q must have an M concentration between 2.85 x 10-4 M and 3.15
x 10-4M. Do all samples analyzed meet the legal requirements? Use the information from
Question C to explain your answer.
No, all the samples do not meet the concentration criteria. Some of the data fall out of this
required range as can be clearly seen from the data set given above

Sample Identification
Calculated Concentration Sample legally compliant
Code
M21050-1 2.17 × 10−4 M No
M21050-2 2.14 × 10−4 𝑀 No
M21050-3 2.04 × 10−4 𝑀 No
M21050-4 2.27 × 10−4 𝑀 No
M21050-5 3.00 × 10−4 𝑀 Yes