:‫السام‬ ‫بسم ا الرحمن الرحيم‬ ‫الجاماعة السإلماية – غزة‬

:‫الرقم الجامعي‬
‫ قسم الدإارة‬-‫كلية التجارة‬
‫ مااجد الفرا‬.‫دإ‬
‫ فارس أبو ماعمر‬.‫دإ‬

Business Administration (2)

Final exam 2005\2006
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First Question: True/False

1. ( ) The organizational hierarchy is flattened as the responsibility for establishing goals
and developing plans is moved to the middles organizational levels.
2. ( ) The Gantt chart visually shows when tasks are supposed to be done and compares that
with the start date for the tasks.
3. ( ) Breakeven analysis is a widely used resource allocation technique to help managers make
profit projections.
4. ( ) Different assumptions in a scenario can lead to similar outcomes.
5. ( ) Research in the 1960s and 1970s focused basically on leader traits.
6. ( ) Kurt Lewin was associated with Ohio State Studies in leadership behavior theory.
7. ( ) Planning gives direction for sitting standards for control.
8. ( ) Managers plan to anticipate changes and develop the most effective response to changes.
9. ( ) Planning is often called the primary management function because it offers some basis for future
decision-making.
10. ( ) Planning involves two important elements: goals and decisions.
11. ( ) Goals are objectives and used as an interchangeable terms.
12. ( ) Plans are documents that outline how goals are going to be met and describe resource allocations,
schedules, and other necessary actions to accomplish the goals.
13. ( ) Strategic plans are plans that apply to the entire organization, establish the organization overall
goals, and seek to position the organization in terms of its environment.
14. ( ) Strategic plans tend to cover a longer period of time than operational goals and also cover a more
narrow view of the organization.
15. ( ) With traditional goal setting, the goals are set at the top level of management and achieved by the
top level of management.
16. ( ) When team leaders assume the role of troubleshooter, they clarify expectations and roles, teach,
and offer support.
17. ( ) The evidence supports the superiority of transactional leadership over transformational
leadership.
18. ( ) Managers should not be involved in the control function even if things are not going as planned.
19. ( ) Clan control emphasizes organizational authority.
20. ( ) The control process is a three-step process that includes unfreezing the system,
changing the system, and refreezing the system.
21. ( ) How we measure is more critical than what we measure to the control process.
22. ( ) Revising unrealistically high standards is one method of managerial action in the control process.

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23. ( ) Concurrent control takes place after an activity has been completed.
24. ( ) Ohio State Studies identified two dimensions of leadership behavior.
25. ( ) Managerial Grid identified two dimensions of leadership styles: concern for people and
concern for style.
26. ( ) Robert House and his associates relate leadership behavior and participation to decision
making.
27. ( ) Path-Goal Model identifies four leadership behaviors.
28. ( ) Fiedler's contingency model of leadership style effectiveness depends on the ability and willingness
of the subordinates.
29. ( ) The least-preferred co-worker questionnaire measure, whether a person is task or relationship
oriented.
30. ( ) The key to feedback control is taking managerial action before a problem occurs.

Second Question: choose the best answer:

1- Operational plans specify the details:

a. of what department performs which functional process to accomplish the goals.
b. of what materials are required for which product being produced.
c. of when each product model is to be produced.
d. of who is responsible for each of the strategic goals.
e. of how the overall goals are to be achieved.

2- As organizational environments have become more uncertain,

a. organizations are having to make longer-term plans.
b. organizations have to resist the uncertainties to keep the plans moving towards the objectives.
c. organizations have to request the government to pass more legislation restricting the amount of
uncertainty.
d. the definition of long-term has changed.
e. organizations have had to become more flexible, and make longer-term plans.

3- Many firms regularly buy competitors' products and have their own engineers study them to
learn about new technical innovations. This process is called
a. competitor engineering. b. competition engineering.
c. strategic engineering. d. product engineering.
e. reverse engineering.

4- Quantitative forecasting applies a set of mathematical rules to

a. develop predictions of outcomes from customers opinions.
b. a series of past data to predict outcomes.
c. analyze what has happened in the past and determine when it will occur again.
d. determine if customers prefer one product compared to another product.
e. estimate the number of products that should be produced at a given time.

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5- The accuracy of a forecast decreases as
a. the quantity of data increases. b. the simplicity of the forecast method increases.
c. the period you're trying to predict increases. d. the computer technology increases.
e. the number of customers increases.

6- A budget is a numerical plan for allocating resources

a. to specific activities. b. dedicated to special projects.
c. areas of production. d. developing new products.
e. for salaries and benefits.

7- The Gantt chart was developed during the early 1900's by Henry Gantt, an associate of the
scientific management leader,
a Henri Fayol. b. Frederick Traylor
c. Henry Ford d. Max Weber.
e. all above

8- Load charts list on the vertical axis either departments or

a. functional areas. b. specific resources.
c. budgets. d. product weights.
e. truck poundage.

9- The Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) is especially useful in scheduling
a. projects. b. programs. c. processes.
d. planning. e. positions.

10- Forecasting techniques are most accurate when the environment is __________.
a. changing inversely b. dynamic on the long term, so turning points can be identified
c. not rapidly changing d. seasonal, but not cyclical

11- Communication hasn't taken place unless

a. a point was made. b. the words are spoken.
c. followers agree with idea. d. management agrees to the decision.
e. information or ideas have been conveyed.

12- By definition! Noise

a. does not exist if communications are completed.
b. disrupts to the point that it makes communicating improbable.
c. has to be noisy.
d. are disturbances that interfere with the transmission, receipt, or feedback of a
message.
e. consists of problem forms that make it more difficult than impossible to express an
idea or thought.

13- Jargon is
a. an organizational language. b. a unique language spoken among accountants.
c. specialized terminology or technical language that members of a group use to
communicate among themselves.
d. a message that means the same to the receiver as it did to the sender.
e. a communication pattern that are individual oriented and spelled out.

14- Research shows us that men and women tend to

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a. have similar communication styles.
b. respond to stimuli with nearly the same reaction.
c. organize our work in a similar manner.
d. think a lot alike and communicate equally well.
e. have different communication styles.

15- Communication within an organization is often described as

a. informal. b. formal. c. uniform.
d. formal or informal. e. vertical.

16- Downward communication is used to inform, direct,

a. enforce and control employees. b. coordinate, and evaluate employees.
c. discipline, and reward employees. d. utilize and coordinate employees.
e. support and evaluate employees.

17- In the all-channel network, communication flows

a. between an identifiable and strong leader and others in the work group.
b. in a circle until all of the members of a work group have been informed.
c. freely among all members of a formal work team.
d. fully within the organizational department.
e. among the managers of a functional area of an organization.

18- An intranet is an organizational communication network that uses Internet technology and is
a. available to anyone with the correct password.
b. used to communicate with suppliers and customers alike.
c. faster than using the Internet.
d. more reliable than the Internet for organizational communications.
e. accessible only by organizational employees.

19- Anything that interferes with understanding a message can be considered __________.
a. a problem b. communications difficulty
c. interference d. noise

20- Four conditions influence the effectiveness of an encoded message: the skills, attitudes, and
knowledge of the sender, and __________.
a. the social-cultural system. b. the same for the receiver
c. the age of the sender d. environmental problems

21- An example of a nonverbal communication would be__________.

a. an outline on the blackboard b. a student with a hand raised
c. a billboard along the highway d. a written note

22- The letter from the Vice-President to the employees is an example of which type of
organizational communication?
a. horizontal b. formal
c. lateral d. informal

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23- Transactional and transformational leadership
a. should not be viewed as opposing approaches to accomplishing goals.
b. should be viewed as opposing approaches to accomplishing goals.
c. are like-views of leadership.
d. are more like transcendental than transpositional.
e. do not consist of opposing views.

24- A charismatic leader is

a. a person whose personality and actions influence people to behave in certain ways.
b. a leader whose actions alone influence people to behave in certain ways.
c. an enthusiastic, self-confident leader whose personality and actions influence people
to behave in certain ways.
d. joyful and assertive, an individual whose personality alone influences people to
behave in certain ways.
e. followed by weak followers who are easily influenced to behave in certain ways.

25- National culture affects leadership style

a. simply because of the hierarchical differences.
b. as a result of the manner in which the culture has developed.
c. dependent upon the organization's culture.
d. because of how followers will respond.
e. the same way it affects political style.

26- Fiedler proposed that a leader's style was one of two types: __________.
a. concern or people and concern for production
b. initiating structure or consideration
c. task oriented or relationship oriented.
d. task oriented and initiating structure

27- Financial statements are an example of what type of control?

a. concurrent control
b. definitional control
c. feedback control
d. projected control
e. feedforward control

28- What type of control is most popular?

a. feedforward control
b. feedback control
c. projected control
d. concurrent control
e. definitional control

29. What type of control is most desirable?

a. definitional control
b. projected control
c. concurrent control
d. feedback control
e. feedforward control

30-.The third and final step in the control process is ______________.

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a. measuring actual performance
b. changing the standard
c. taking managerial action
d. comparing actual against the standard

Third Question:
1- Write about the role of University of Michigan as part of leadership theories?

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2- What we mean by country club as part of managerial grid in leadership theories?

3 In a short essay, list and discuss five contingency factors that will affect the design of an
organization’s control system.

4- In a short essay, define management by objectives and list the four elements of this type of goal
setting. Next, discuss three problems associated with management by objectives.

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5. In a short essay, list and discuss the three separate and distinct steps in the control process.

6- Who is the visionary leader?

7- In a short essay, list and discuss the four common sources of information frequently used by
managers to measure actual performance.