Started on Thursday, 4 December 2014, 6:13 PM

State Finished

Completed on Wednesday, 10 December 2014, 10:28 PM

Time taken 6 days 4 hours

Grade 98.33 out of 100.00

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The fact that hotter stars look more blue than colder star is a consequence of:
Select one or more:

A. the dependance of the peak of thermal radiation spectrum on temperature.

B. Wien's law, which says that hotter objects emit light with a higher average

energy.

C. better reflecting properties of hotter stars in blue.

D. the Doppler shift of stellar spectrum.

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Question 2
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Types of Telescopes —

Match the following telescopes or descriptions to the type of telescope

Answer 1
The Hubble Space Telescope
Optical Reflecting Telescope

The world's largest is about 1 metre Answer 2

in diameter Optical Refracting Telescope

The Australia Telescope Compact Answer 3

Array Radio Interferometer

Answer 4
Uses the technique of grazing-
incidence reflection X-ray Telescope

Answer 5
Uses a glass lens to focus light
Optical Refracting Telescope

Answer 6
The Telescope at Parkes
Single Dish Radio Telescope

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Question 3
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Speeds of different astronomical objects with respect to other objects

Answer 1
The Solar System moves relative to nearby stars at
typical speed of ______km per hour. 70000

Answer 2
The Moon moves in the orbit around the Earth at
_______ km per hour. 3683

Answer 3
The Earth moves in the orbit around the Sun at
__________km per hour. 108000

Answer 4
Our Galaxy, Milky Way moves towards Andromeda
Galaxy at the speed of _____ km per hour. 300000

Answer 5
Our Sun rotates around the centre of Milky Way at the
speed of _______ km per hour. 800000

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Question 4
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Basic astronomical terms.

Answer 1

The distance between the Sun and the Earth is called astronomical unit
________________, that is about 150 000 000 km.

Answer 2
Because _____________ takes time to travel, we can
only observe objects as they were in the past. The light
further away we look in distance, the further back we
look in time.

Answer 3

reflected
Planets shine mainly with _______________ light.

Answer 4
While the Universe is expanding, individual
galaxies
__________ do not expand, only the distance between
them increases.

Answer 5

A star like our own Sun generates energy due to nuclear fusion
_____________ in its core.

Answer 6

An enormous region in space with many clusters of supercluster

galaxies is called a __________.

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Astronomers can use telescopes on the ground to observe electromagnetic radiation of

some wavelengths, but other wavelengths are absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere and
can only be observed by space telescopes. Which of the following wavelength ranges
can be observed from the ground.

[SELECT ALL THAT APPLY]

Select one or more:

A. radio waves

B. visible light

C. gamma rays

D. X-rays

E. near infrared radiation (about 1500 nm)

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Question 6
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Which of these objects are constituents of the Solar System?

[Select all that apply]

Select one or more:

A. Orion

B. Proxima Centauri

C. Eris

D. Pluto

E. Mercury

F. Ganymede

G. Great Red Spot

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Question 7
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The emission spectrum consists of dark lines on the rainbow of colours (continuous
spectrum) that are produced by a hot, low-density cloud of gas that is placed between a
source of continuous spectrum.
Select one:

True

False

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The absorption spectrum consists of dark lines on the rainbow of colours produced by
incandescent light, if a cloud that absorbs light at specific wavelengths is placed in front
of it.
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Question 8
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Which of the following are important advantages of CCDs over photographic film as
astronomical light detectors?

[Select all answers that apply]

Select one or more:

A. CCDs have a higher qunatum efficiency - i.e. they detect many more of the incoming

photons.

B. CCDs allow long exposures (e.g., minutes or hours), and film does not.
C. CCDs provide images in digital form so they can easily be processed and analysed on

computers.

D. CCDs can record the colours of astronomical objects accurately, while film cannot.

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Question 9
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Astronomers have continued to develop larger and larger telescopes because

[Select all answers that apply]

Select one or more:

A. Larger telescopes provide higher angular resolution allowing finer detail to be seen in

images

B. Larger telescopes are less affected by turbuence in the Earth's atmosphere that

distorts images

C. Larger telescopes allow the use of electronic detectors that are much more sensitive

than the photographic plates used previously

D. Larger telescopes can see fainter objects because of their larger light collecting

area
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Question 10
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Astrobiology —

Choose the word that best fills the blank in the following sentences
Answer 1

Europa is thought likely to have an ocean of liquid water

______ under its ice covered surface.

Answer 2

Life is most likely to be found on planets located in the zone

habitable ________ around their stars.

Answer 3

Astrobiologists think that a good strategy for searching for water

extraterrestrial life is to follow the ________ .

Answer 4

Future giant telescopes might be used to search for Earth

evidence of life on ________ like extrasolar planets.
 Answer 5

Mars may have had liquid ________ on its surface early water
in its history.

Answer 6
A sign of the presence of life on a planet would be the
oxygen
detection of spectral features due to ________ in its
atmosphere.

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Question 11
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Kepler laws, gravity and orbits

Match correct answer for each question.

Answer 1

All planets of Solar System move around the Sun in bound

__________ orbits.

Answer 2
Gravitational force between two objects decreases as
square
the ________________ of the distance between
their centres.
 Answer 3
If two nearby stars have the same masses, they will
common centre of mass
orbit their ___________, which is a point that lies
halfway between them.

We can use Kepler's third law to calculate mass of Answer 4

Jupiter by observation of the orbital motion of one
orbital period
of its moons. We need to measure only
____________ and average distance of that moon
from Jupiter.

Answer 5
Many comets enter out Solar System and move
unbound
around the Sun in ________ orbits that can be
parabolic or hyperbolic.

Answer 6

Gravitational force between two objects is directly proportional

___________ to the product of their masses.

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Question 12
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Heliocentric model of Solar System

Select one or more:

A. assumed that the Sun moved around the centre of Galaxy in circular orbit.

B. was not easily accepted at first because it required observable parallaxes of

stars.

C. is a good explanation for the phases and variations the apparent size of Venus.

D. was thought of first by Nicolaus Copernicus in the 16th century.

E. introduced by Nicolaus Copernicus replaced geocentric model, but did not predict

positions of planets better that the previous system until Kepler derived his laws of

planetary motions.

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Question 13
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'Light year' is a term used by astronomers.

[Select correct statements.]

Select one or more:

A. Light year is a distance that light travels in one year.

B. Light year describes a time light takes to travel during one year.

C. Alpha Centauri is the closest system of stars to the Sun. It is about 4.22 light years

away from the Sun.

D. It takes about 8 minutes and 20 seconds for light to travel a distance from the Sun to

the Earth.

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