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Externa¡ Changes
How do the following change the landscape: the water of rivers and r' -' seas, wind and
people?
2. What happens when the water inside the cracks in rocks becomes ice?
3. Where do eroded materials settle?
Questions :
millions of years.
Externa¡ changes happen in three phase ,- er, ground, transport of the materials erodec of
these materials in far off places.
lErosion
Erosion is the constant wearing away of rock The action of temperature, water, wínd
and F erosion.
1 • Sharp changes in temperature break ro`fragments. This happens in areas where w
difference between day and níght tempY= r. example, mountains and deserts.
Somet -- : that has filtered through the cracks in ro,- -" acts like a wedge and breaks
the rocks.
• Rainwater, rívers and seas constantly erc
-~ Rain and snow dissolve parts of the soil's -- v Rívers wear away banks. They erode
mattriver bed. They create deep valleys and c~,waves of the sea wear away the
coasts. U waters hollow out large caves.
• The wind mostly erodes soft rocks. It also - 'v where there is a lot of sand, like
deserts ar: • People cut down forests. They cause fires, . . etc. These actions cause
the erosíon of the ~
Chamonix, The Alps. Millions of years ago ice rivers crea• , valleys.
Ir : irse of a River
-rodes materials in its upper course. z Waterfalls r -leve¡ mountainous or hilly areas. They continue
'erials. 3 The river creates deep gorges. Jeposits some materials in its middle
-=ates meanders. 5 The river deposits creates terraces.
-
deposits the materials ws mouth. This creates -ie river creates
r :~es
unsporting Materials
a-sport means carrying eroded materials.
rld, water currents and the waters of the sea ~rt these materials. Winds carry sand
and small ~ivers and seas carry large amounts of dissolved ;Is. They also carry
materials floating on the surface.
!dimentation
ompare
• Where do you think the erosive power of a river is greater: in the upper, middle or lower
course?
• Where is deposition greater? Why?
c mentation means depositing the materials carried by t*er. ice or wind.
uses great changes in the landscape: