Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
ESSENC
CE - Interna
ational Jourrnal for Envvironmentaal Rehabilitaation and Conservation
n
Volume VI: No. 1 2015 [91
[ – 95] [ISS
SN 0975 - 62722]
[ww
ww.essence-jouurnal.com]
nce of bota
Influen anicals agaainst Khap pra Beetlee (Trogoderma granaarium Eveerts)
and theeir effect on
o grain qu ualities off Maize du
uring storaage
Abstractt Intrroduction
Thee khapra beetle (Troggaderma graanarium
The khaapra beetle (Trogoderm ma grananrium
Eveerts) is a seriious pest of stored grain causing
Everts) isi a serious store grain pest of whheat
connsiderable daamage to allmost all ceereals in
during sttorage. In thee present invvestigation, the
t
storrage. It is largely respoonsible for damage
experimeent was conducted to knnow the efffect
andd frequentlyy harboringg store, mill m and
of diffeerent organic grain protectants
p on
warrehouses. Khhapra beetlee is cosmopoolitan in
infestatioon percentag ge of khappra beetle and a
natuure attributiing about 50% loss in seed
seed quaalities of Maaize (Zea mays
m CV.PKKV-
weight during storage.
Shatak). It was obserrved that seed treated with
w
Thee steady rise in the usse of pesticides for
sweet flaag powder (2.5%) and custard appple
seed pow wder 2.5% were
w showeed significanntly conntrol of store grain pests can be danggerous to
humman being and a cattle as well due to their
higher 100 seed d weight, germinatiion
resiidual toxicitty. With vieew to find outo safe
percentagge, seedlingg vigour, fieeld emergennce
andd organic seed prrotectants, present
percentagge and adultt mortality asa comparedd to
inveestigation was
w taken up u to evaluuate the
other seeed treatmeent and control c duriing
orgaanic grain protectantss in seed storage
storage.
agaiinst khapra beetle
b in maize.
Keyword ds: organic grain proteectants | sw
weet
flag | cuustard apple | khapra beeetle | maizze |
Maaterials and methods
infestatioon | storage
Maiize (Zea mayys CV. PKY Y-Shatak) seeed were
For corresspondence: usedd in various phages of this
t study, produced
p
1
Sevadal Mahila
M Mahavidy yalaya, Nagpur in 2012-2013.
2 T seed werre cleaned and dried
The
2
Shri Mathuuradas Mohata Science
S College,, Nagpur
3
College off Agriculture (Drr. PDKV’s) Naggpur (mooisture conttent 10.5%)). The wheeat seed
Email: lammbatashish@gm mail.com
May 2013) with six plant product
werre treated (M
viz., Neem leaaf, sweet flag,
fl Tulsi, Custard
91
Lambat et al.. /Vol. VI [1] 2015/91
2 – 95
apple, Tuurmeric and Pongamia powder is in the t behhavior (Addult morttality), inffestation
proportioon of 2.5% byb weight off the seeds. The
T perccentage 1000 seed weigh, w germ
mination
experimeent as condu ucted in glass bottle of 1 lit perccentage, viggour index and a field em mergence
capacity with seven treatmeents includiing perccentage afteer three monnths of storrage are
untreatedd control. Each glass bottle was thhen giveen in Table 1.1
filled witth 500 gm ofo wheat seeeds. 10 pairss of Thee result indiccated that vaariation in nuumber of
2-3 dayss old khapraa beetle weere released in khaapra beetle (adult)
( in each
e treatmeent. The
each glaass bottle co overed with muslin clooth. khaapra beetel adult
a mortaliity was significantly
The set of experim ment was kept in well w highhest in maizze seed treaated with sw weet flag
ventilatedd wire meesh almirahh in masonnry (1000%) which is closely followed
f by custard
building having cem mented walls,, roof and flooor apple (92%) neem leaf (60%), poongamia
under am mbient tempeerature (24.11 – 45.8oC) and
a (56% %), tulsi (511%) and turm meric (47%)). Where
relative humidity
h (200-82%) from m May to Juuly, in significantly
s y lower morrtality was observed
o
2013. Affter three months
m the seeed from eaach in untreated control
c (5%%). Saxena et. Al
treatmentt were keeenly observved and thoose (19776), Tikku ete al. (1978) and Khan annd Borle
found inffested were separated out o weightedd to (19885) found Acorus callamus L oill vapour
determinne the infestaation percenttage on weigght respponsible for causing inffecundity am mong the
basis huundred seed weight annd germinatiion fem
male of a num mber storedd grain pest. Biradar
were testted in quadrruplicate witth 100 seedd in (20000) who repported that sweet flag has got
each repplication. Th he germinatiion percentaage inseecticidal and a oviciddal effectt. The
was evaluuated on thee value for normal
n seedliing signnificantly maize
m seed weight looss was
(Anon. 1985). The vigour
v indexx were workoout observed in untreated
u coontrol followwed by
followingg the meth hod of Abddul Baki and a turmmeric, tulsi, pongmia, neem leaf, custard
Andersonn (1973). For F field em mergence teest, apple and sweeet flag treattment durinng entire
sowing ofo wheat seed was done in randomizzed periiod of storrage. This might be due to
block deesign, with four
f replicattion with innter sterrilizing effecct of sweet flag
f rhizome powder
and intraa row spaccing of onee feet and six mixxed with maaize seeds. Charjan annd Tarar
inches respectively.
r . Observations for field (19994), Deshpaande et al. (22010), Ashish et al.
emergencce were reco orded daily and finally the
t (2011), and K. Cherian et al. (2011) reported r
established seedlings were counnted after one o thatt the shaarp declineed in inffestation
month off sowing. TheT experimental data was w perccentage of store
s grain pest
p in seedd treated
statistically scrutinizzed as per the
t Panse and a withh Acorus callamus powdeer.
Sukhatm me (1967). Thee seed quallity parametters viz., 1000 seed
weight, germinnation perceentage and seedling
Result annd discussio
on vigoour index was
w highest in i seed treatted with
The dataa regarding the effect of
o the different 2.5%% concentrration of sweet s flag powder
organic grain pro otectants on
o populatiion followed by custard apple, a neemm leaf,
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Lambat et al.. /Vol. VI [1] 2015/91
2 – 95
Treatm
ments Adult P
Prevent weiight 1000 Germiination S
SVI F
Field
Mortality
M loss due to
t seedd (%
%) emeergence
(%) i
infestation (
(%) weigght (
(%)
Neem
m Leaf 58 5.7 6.044 7
70 1347 60
(2.55%)
Sweett flag 100 0.04 6.644 9
95 2008 85
(2.55%)
Tulsi (2.5%)
( 50 6.3 5.800 6
68 1294 56
Custardd apple 91 2.5 6.355 9
90 1992 80
(2.55%)
Turmericc (2.5%) 48 6.6 3.88 6
60 1120 48
Pongamia 54 5.9 6.01 6
66 1212 54
(2.55%)
Untreeated 6 16.94 4.166 3
30 6
614 16
conttrol
SEm ( + ) 0.35 0.09 0.033 0.12 0
0.10
CD at
a 5% 1.06 0.29 0.100 0.36 0
0.31
T
Table No. 1: Thhe Effect of diffferent organic prrotectants on khapra beetle
m
mortality, infesttation percentaage, 100 seedd weight,
geermination perrcentage, seeddling vigour and field
emmergence percenntage
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