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Laves phase

Laves phases are intermetallic phases that have composition AB2 and are named for
Fritz Laves who first described them. The phases are classified on the basis of
geometry alone. There are three different classification classes: cubic MgCu2 (C15),
hexagonal MgZn2 (C14), and hexagonal MgNi2 (C36). The latter two classes are
unique forms of the hexagonal arrangement, but share the same basic structure. In
general, the A atoms are ordered as in diamond, hexagonal diamond, or a related
structure, and the B atoms form tetrahedra around the A atoms for the AB2
structure.[1] Laves phases are of particular interest in modern metallurgy research
because of their abnormal physical and chemical properties. Many hypothetical or
primitive applications have been developed. However, little practical knowledge has
been elucidated from Laves phase study so far. A characteristic feature is the almost
perfect electrical conductivity, but they are not plastically deformable at room Unit cell of Laves phase with MgZn2
structure (Mg atoms are green).
temperature.

In each of the three classes of Laves phase, if the two types of atom were perfect
spheres with a size ratio of ,[2] the structure would be topologically
tetrahedrally close-packed.[3] At this size ratio, the structure has an overall packing
volume density of 0.710[4] Compounds found in Laves phases typically have an
atomic size ratio between 1.05 and 1.67.[3] Analogues of Laves phases can be
[2]
formed by the self-assembly of a colloidal dispersion of two sizes of sphere.

References
1. The Laves Phase Structures(http://cst-www.nrl.navy.mil/lattice/struk/lav
es.html) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20090302090348/http://c
st-www.nrl.navy.mil/lattice/struk/laves.html)2009-03-02 at the Wayback
Laves polyhedron
Machine.. nrl.navy.mil. Accessed on 2009-2-26.
2. Hynninen, A. P.; Thijssen, J. H. J.; Vermolen, E. C. M.; Dijkstra, M.;Van
Blaaderen, A. (2007). "Self-assembly route for photonic crystals with a bandgap in the visible region".
Nature
Materials. 6 (3): 202–205. Bibcode:2007NatMa...6..202H (http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007NatMa...6..202H) .
doi:10.1038/nmat1841 (https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnmat1841). PMID 17293851 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubm
ed/17293851).
3. Zhu, J. H.; Liu, C. T.; Pike, L. M.; Liaw, P. K. (1999). "A thermodynamic interpretation of th
e size-ratio limits for Laves
phase formation". Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A. 30 (5): 1449. doi:10.1007/s11661-999-0292-5(https://
doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11661-999-0292-5).
4. Murray, M. J.; Sanders, J. V. (1980). "Close-packed structures of spheres of two dif
ferent sizes II. The packing
densities of likely arrangements".Philosophical Magazine A. 42 (6): 721. Bibcode:1980PMagA..42..721M(http://ads
abs.harvard.edu/abs/1980PMagA..42..721M). doi:10.1080/01418618008239380(https://doi.org/10.1080%2F014186
18008239380).

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