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En un CSTR hay una reacción química exotérmica la temperatura es controlada por un líquido
circulando en una chaqueta que mantiene uniforme la temperatura Tj. Determine el tiempo
que se requiere para una conversión de 90% del reactivo limitante, para la siguiente reacción
A+AS
Tenemos:
En este ejercicio nos pide que hallemos el tiempo en cual la conversión del reactante A llegue a
90%, además nos pide graficar Temperatura, Concentración versus el tiempo. Además mostrar
los resultados.
De la reacción: A+AS
E−S+ G−C= A
dCA
( flujo molar )E −( fujo molar )S−Vk C 2A =V
dt
d CA
F C A 0−F C A −Vk C 2A =V
dt
dCA
Despejamos dt )
¿
dCA
( VF )C −( VF ) C −k C = dt
A0 A
2
A ……………………………… (1)
Entrada−salida generado−eliminado=acumulación
dVρ C p T
=Fρ C p ( T 0−T ) −Δ HkV C 2A −UA ( T −T j )
dt
dT
Despejamos:
dt
2
dT FρC p ( T 0−T ) Δ Hk C A UA ( T −T j )
= − −
dt V ρC p Vρ C p
F=50/1000 [L/S]
V=2000/1000 [L]
ca0=5 [gmol/L]
T0=273 [ºK]
dH=-10000[cal/gmol]
U=100 [cal/ºKs m 2 ]
A=0.02 [ m 2 ]
Tj=330 [ ºK ]
cp=1 [kcal/kgºK]
d=1*1000 [g/L]
k=1*10^13*exp(-23200/(1.987*T)) [L/gmol s]
Ecuaciones:
dCA
( VF )C −( VF ) C −k C = dt
A0 A
2
A ……………………………… (1)
2
dT FρC p ( T 0−T ) Δ Hk C A UA ( T −T j )
= − − ……………………… (2)
dt V ρC p Vρ C p
for i=1:n
t1=t0+h;
k1=f1(t0,ca0,T0);
m1=f2(t0,ca0,T0);
k2=f1(t0+h/2,ca0+h*k1/2,T0+h*m1/2);
m2=f2(t0+h/2,ca0+h*k1/2,T0+h*m1/2);
k3=f1(t0+h/2,ca0+h*k2/2,T0+h*m2/2);
m3=f2(t0+h/2,ca0+h*k2/2,T0+h*m2/2);
k4=f1(t0+h,ca0+h*k3,T0+h*m3);
m4=f2(t0+h,ca0+h*k3,T0+h*m3);
ca1=ca0+h/6*(k1+2*k2+2*k3+k4);
T1=T0+h/6*(m1+2*m2+2*m3+m4);
Xa=(5-ca1)/5;
t0=t1;
ca0=ca1;
T0=T1;
X(i)=t0;
Y(i)=ca0;
Z(i)=T0;
disp('---------------------------------------------------');
end
disp('=======================================================');
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
fprintf('\n')
disp('RESULTADOS :')
fprintf('EL TIMEPO ES : %3.0f [seg] \n',t1)
fprintf('CONCENTRACION DE "A" : %3.8f [gmol/L] \n',ca1)
fprintf('TEMPERATURA A LA QUE LLEGA LA REACCION: %3.3f [ºK] \n',T1)
fprintf('CONVERSION DE "A" ALCANSADA : %3.8f [O/O]\n',Xa)
plot(X,Y,'r',X,Z,'b','linewidth',2)
xlabel('Tiempo [seg]')
ylabel('Concentracion [gmol/L]')
zlabel('Temperatura [ºK]')
title('Varicion de la tempertura y concentracion vs tiempo')
grid minor
disp('=======================================================');
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
function a=f1(t,ca,T)
F=50/1000; V=2000/1000; ca0=5;
k=1*10^13*exp(-23200/(1.987*T));
a=(F/V)*ca0-(F/V)*ca-k*ca^2;
end
function b=f2(t,ca,T)
F=50/1000; V=2000/1000; ca0=5; T0=273; dH=-10000;
U=100; A=0.02; Tj=330; cp=1; d=1*1000; k=1*10^13*exp(-23200/(1.987*T));
b=(F/V)*(T0-T)-dH/(d*cp)*k*ca^2-U/(V*d*cp)*A*(T-Tj);
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
=======================================================
**************METODO RUNGE KUTTA 4 ORDEN***************
=======================================================
| tiempo | Conc A | Temp | Conver A |
|[segundos] | [gmol/L] | [ºK] | [%] |
=======================================================
0 5.00000000 273.000 0.00000000
---------------------------------------------------
20 4.99886040 273.900 0.00022792
---------------------------------------------------
40 4.99804192 274.436 0.00039162
---------------------------------------------------
60 4.99746314 274.756 0.00050737
---------------------------------------------------
80 4.99706055 274.947 0.00058789
---------------------------------------------------
100 4.99678473 275.060 0.00064305
---------------------------------------------------
120 4.99659824 275.128 0.00068035
---------------------------------------------------
140 4.99647356 275.169 0.00070529
---------------------------------------------------
160 4.99639101 275.193 0.00072180
---------------------------------------------------
180 4.99633679 275.207 0.00073264
---------------------------------------------------
200 4.99630142 275.216 0.00073972
---------------------------------------------------
220 4.99627849 275.221 0.00074430
---------------------------------------------------
240 4.99626369 275.224 0.00074726
---------------------------------------------------
260 4.99625419 275.226 0.00074916
---------------------------------------------------
280 4.99624812 275.227 0.00075038
---------------------------------------------------
300 4.99624425 275.228 0.00075115
---------------------------------------------------
320 4.99624179 275.228 0.00075164
---------------------------------------------------
340 4.99624023 275.228 0.00075195
---------------------------------------------------
360 4.99623924 275.228 0.00075215
---------------------------------------------------
380 4.99623862 275.228 0.00075228
---------------------------------------------------
400 4.99623823 275.228 0.00075235
---------------------------------------------------
420 4.99623798 275.228 0.00075240
---------------------------------------------------
440 4.99623783 275.228 0.00075243
---------------------------------------------------
460 4.99623773 275.228 0.00075245
---------------------------------------------------
480 4.99623767 275.228 0.00075247
---------------------------------------------------
500 4.99623763 275.228 0.00075247
---------------------------------------------------
520 4.99623761 275.228 0.00075248
---------------------------------------------------
540 4.99623760 275.228 0.00075248
---------------------------------------------------
560 4.99623759 275.228 0.00075248
---------------------------------------------------
580 4.99623758 275.228 0.00075248
---------------------------------------------------
600 4.99623758 275.228 0.00075248
---------------------------------------------------
620 4.99623758 275.228 0.00075248
---------------------------------------------------
640 4.99623757 275.228 0.00075249
---------------------------------------------------
660 4.99623757 275.228 0.00075249
---------------------------------------------------
680 4.99623757 275.228 0.00075249
---------------------------------------------------
700 4.99623757 275.228 0.00075249
---------------------------------------------------
=======================================================
RESULTADOS :
EL TIMEPO ES : 700 [seg]
CONCENTRACION DE "A" : 4.99623757 [gmol/L]
TEMPERATURA A LA QUE LLEGA LA REACCION: 275.228 [ºK]
CONVERSION DE "A" ALCANSADA : 0.00075249 [O/O]
=======================================================
GRAFICA
Concentracion vs tiempo
5
Concentracion [gmol/L]
4.999
4.998
4.997
4.996
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Tiempo [seg]
Temperatura vs tiempo
275.5
Temperatura [ºk]
275
274.5
274
273.5
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
Tiempo [seg]
N=(tf-t0)/h
i=1 n
t1=t0+h;
k1=f1(t0,ca0,T0);
m1=f2(t0,ca0,T0);
k2=f1(t0+h/2,ca0+h*k1/2,T0+h*m1/2);
m2=f2(t0+h/2,ca0+h*k1/2,T0+h*m1/2);
k3=f1(t0+h/2,ca0+h*k2/2,T0+h*m2/2);
m3=f2(t0+h/2,ca0+h*k2/2,T0+h*m2/2);
k4=f1(t0+h,ca0+h*k3,T0+h*m3);
m4=f2(t0+h,ca0+h*k3,T0+h*m3);
ca1=ca0+h/6*(k1+2*k2+2*k3+k4);
T1=T0+h/6*(m1+2*m2+2*m3+m4);
t0, ca0,T0
t0=t1;
ca0=ca1;
end
Conclusión: La conversión de “A” no alcanza el 90% como indica el enunciado, esto podría ser
debido a:
Sugerencias: