“It was really bizarre and dispiriting to see,” he says.

“We’re always attuned to photographic manipulation, but

what was more sinister in this situation was the misappropriation of a photo.” Misappropriation and

misrepresentation of images helped drive the growth of fake news. A photograph of tour buses lined up

in Austin became proof that Democrats were bringing protestors to Trump rallies.

DURING A CAMPAIGN stop in South Carolina last winter, Hillary Clinton stumbled as she climbed the steps of

an antebellum mansion in Charleston. Aides helped her regain her balance in a vulnerable but

nondescript moment captured by Getty photographer Mark Makela. He didn't think much of it until

August, when the alt-right news site Breitbart touted it as evidence of Clinton's failing health.

I think that photos in media are inevitable and useful tool to support articles, if image content isn't concrete

or fake.

Nielsen’s annual ‘Trust in Advertising’ study shows that consumer trust in advertising is not 100%. Public discussion of

advertising tends to focus on its alleged contribution to societal problems. Nielsen conducted a survey that covered 25,000

consumers across 50 countries in 2007 to provide a better understanding of consumer perceptions of the benefits of

advertising.

The study reveals that a vast majority of consumers see advertising as playing a key role in the economy: 80% of the world’s

consumers believe that advertising helps create jobs and 72% say advertising contributes to economic growth. About 68%

of the respondents believe it helps to reduce prices by stimulating competition. A clear majority of consumers across all

markets also understand the importance of advertising and sponsorship as a critical source of funding for sports, the arts

and the media.

2. It promotes materialism:
It creates the desire and taste for new products which are not actually necessities of life and income of consumers will not let

them enjoy. It encourages people to buy things they do not need. It widens the gap between ‘haves’ and ‘have nots’. Obesity

among children and allegations that unrestricted consumption of fast food and beverages are the factors leading to it is

because of materialism. Industry says that it is basically an argument against capitalist approach to marketing.

3. Advertising is harmful to children:

Children cannot make informed choice or cannot differentiate between real life and the life portrayed in the world of ad.

Industry says that they target the appropriate audiences and they do not encourage irresponsible behaviour. Ads targeting
children are released even before the claims are verified like complain. About some years back, a young man had

jumped from a building attempting to imitate Akshay Kumar’s dare-devilry stunts shown in Thums Up’s
ad. In September, 2010, an eleven year old child killed himself allegedly under the influence of an ad
done by a Heinz India drink, ‘Complan’, claimed to make children ‘taller’.
5. The misleading ads:
6. Advertising has subliminal power:
It works at subconscious level and persuades people to purchase goods that they would otherwise not buy – Drink Coke and

Eat Popcorn in a cinema hall, The Food Safety Agency of UK, specifies that anything more than 12.5 grams of sugar for

every 100 grams of an item is unhealthy. The Kellogg’s Choco label claims to contain nearly double that amount, at 23.3

grams per 100 grams of cereal. And according to Ahmadabad based Consumer Education & Research Centre, chocolates

contains even more than that: 32.8 grams. But who informs the customers in ads?

8. Advertising helps to sell bad products:

Often miracle products that claim they can cure overnight everything from baldness to bad breath to
incontinence are heavily advertised. Consumer’s choice is greatly injured by the advertisement.
Advertisement restricts the competition among the products. Big industrialists and manufacturers may
exercise their monopolistic control over the market with the help of advertisement technique which is
always against the public interest.

Many people argue that advertisement is a powerful tool to introduce qualify products that improve customers’ lives. In my
opinion, I agree with the idea that people are being encouraged by some advertisement’s strategies to buy unnecessary
things.

Nowadays, in advance of technological development and the nonstop progress of social media, customers are easily swayed
by numerous advertising programs due to their widen popularity. Consequently, people purchase impulsively a huge amount
of products without having a clear purpose for using them lately. For example, companies, which sell commodities,
strengthen intensive campaigns to aim mainly at a target audience of housewives, those people would appeal to overbuying
clothings as well as food owing of information overload and do not use it later.

Advocates of the idea that advertisements have beneficial aspects might think that these advertising programs contribute to
introducing quality products to enhance the quality of lives. They also think that thanks to advertisements, customers could
have various choices to find the best product because of endless competitions among firms. However, I think those thoughts
are rather ill-founded as the fact might be opposite. In reality, there are many products do not have authentic qualify
compared to advertising programs. For instance, some teengirls used the fake and low-quality cosmetic which have a
negative impact on their skin. Furthermore, reality has shown that customers who tend to face advertising overload would
have difficulty finding which is the most sastifying product.

In conclusion, despite the existence of some opinions in favor of advertisement helping people to chose products to improve
our lives, I do believe advertising industry would cause people to overspend money on unnecessary things.

Although advertising sometimes causes troubles and just encourages us to buy some things that we don’t
really need, it offers a useful channel of communication, helping consumers access to various products,
learning prices and getting updated news about promotions.

Under today’s increasing consumption demand, various products are available on the market and it
becomes hard for consumers to get a full range of information about their appearance. When shoppers
take a tour to Big-C supermarket in my hometown-Hue city, Vietnam for example, they find difficult to
figure out exactly the items they want to buy among thousands of thousands products. Advertising, as
result plays as a bridge, connecting consumers and the products they really need. In case of Zero green tea
and Dr Thanh herbal teas for example, before being launched into the market, Pepsi and Cocacola were
widespread products in Vietnam. With a clever campaign of market research, PR and advertising, these
Vietnamese herbal teas produced by Tan Hiep Phat company have become popular brewery products in
such a 90 million consumers market.

Not only does the advertising provide necessary information about the new products and services, but it
offers the right price to customers, helping them settling down decision for their daily and weekly
purchasing budget. Price information of soups, toothbrush, sauces and many other daily consumed
products which are advertised on TV, newspapers and magazines are very necessary for shoppers to
balance their budget before deciding to buy some items.

Finally, advertising including promotion information will be very useful for low-income consumers and
students who can be affordable to lower price products. At the end of a product-cycle, the manufacturers
want to improve their inventory turnover, then promotion will be launched to attract the remaining
potential customers. Many high quality products such as I-phone, Canon camera can be bought as a half
price of its skimming price phase.

Overall, advertising is very crucial in such a modern day when a huge of products are available on the
market. It helps connecting customers with the products they really need, updating the best price for
consumers' choice and advising the lower prices of some products in the sales