American Welding Society

Arc Blow

AWS

Centerline Crack

Concave

Consumable

Convex

Crack

Crater Crack

Defect

Discontinuity

Distortion

Excess Concavity

Excess Convexity

Excess Penetration

Excessive Reinforcement

Fillet Gage

Fillet Weld

Heat Affected Zone Crack

Hold Point

Incomplete Fusion

Incomplete Penetration

Internal Stress

Interpass Temperature

Longitudinal Crack

Melt-Through
Non-Destructive Examination

Overlap

Part Drawing

Porosity

Preheat Temperature

Root Opening

Root Pass

Slag Inclusion

Specifications

Specs

Star Cracks

Transverse Crack

Underbead Crack

Undercut

Underfill

Weld Face

Weld Gage

Weld Root

Weld Spatter

Weld Toe

Weldment
AWS. A professional organization that supports the welding industry and promotes welding and related processes.
A condition resulting from the interaction of an electric current and the magnetic field the current induces. Arc blow can cause e
and porosity.

American Welding Society. A professional organization that supports the welding industry and promotes welding and related pro
A gap or break in the surface of a weld parallel to the weld axis that may be along the centerline of the weld or near the weld to
longitudinal crack.

Curving inward like the inside of a bowl.

An electrode that conducts electricity to the arc but also melts into the weld as a filler metal.

Curving outward like the exterior of a circle or sphere.

A discontinuity characterized by a break or gap in the surface of a weld. Cracks can be classified as longitudinal, transverse, cra

A gap or break in the surface of a weld that occurs at the crater of a weld because welding was improperly terminated. Crater c

An irregularity in the specified and expected composition of a weld that exceeds the part design's tolerances. A defect is a rejec

An irregularity in the specified and expected composition of a weld. A discontinuity is not always a defect.

A disfigurement that signals that a weld joint was not prepared properly.

The distance from the weld face perpendicular to a line joining the weld toes that arcs in and toward the weld joint.
The distance from the weld face perpendicular to a line joining the weld toes that arcs out and away from the weld joint. Excess
weld failure, causing longitudinal cracking and crater cracking.
A discontinuity characterized by an excess of weld metal on the back side of the joint. Excessive heat, slow movement, and poo
excessive penetration.

The use of more weld metal than is required to fill a groove weld joint. Excessive reinforcement creates high concentrations of s

A device that determines whether or not a fillet weld is within specified tolerances. A fillet gage is a specific kind of weld gage.
A type of weld that is triangular in shape and joins two surfaces at right angles to each other in a lap joint, T-joint, or corner joint
types of welds.

A cold gap or break in the surface of a weld that forms in the heat-affected zone of a base metal. Heat affected zone cracks are
A predetermined stopping point in the fabrication process at which the weld must be inspected. Hold points are used between p
a weld is properly cleaned between passes.
The lack of complete integration between the weld metal and adjoining weld beads. Incomplete fusion is caused by faulty opera
of the base metal, insufficient welding heat, lack of access to the adjoining beads, and improper joint design.
A discontinuity characterized by an unpenetrated and unfused area in a joint that occurs when weld metal does not extend thro
Incomplete penetration can result from insufficient welding heat, improper joint design, and improper lateral control of the weldin
A force from within the material of an object that attempts to deform that object. In a weldment, internal stress is caused by ther
weld metal cools and solidifies.

A specific temperature range of the base material. The interpass temperature should not fall below the preheat temperature.
A gap or break in the surface of a weld parallel to the weld axis that may be along the centerline of the weld or near the weld to
a centerline crack.

The visible reinforcement of a weld root that happens when a joint is welded from only one side.
The evaluation of a weld, or material to be welded, that does not affect the servicability of the weld or material. Non-destructive
part is not destroyed.

The protrusion of unfused weld metal beyond the weld toe or weld root. Overlap is almost always unacceptable in a welded par

A document that includes the specifications for a part's production.

A discontinuity characterized by the appearance of tiny voids or bubbles on a weld bead, resulting from trapped gases in a mate
a weld.

A specific temperature to which the base material is heated prior to welding.

The point at which fusion should occur between the weld metal and adjoining weld beads. The root opening provides access to

The first layer of a multi-layer weld. The root pass is the most critical layer of a weld because it is susceptible to slag inclusion a
A discontinuity resulting from the mutual dissolution of flux and nonmetallic impurities in some welding processes. Slag inclusion
of a weld in its final application.

The design parameters that set the limits of acceptable deviation for a part's intended application. Specifications are also called

The design parameters that set the limits of acceptable deviation for a part's intended application. Specs are also called specific

A gap or break in the surface of a weld that occurs at the crater of a weld because welding was improperly terminated. Star crac
A gap or break in the surface of a weld perpendicular to the weld axis that may be completely within the weld metal or may exte
metal. Excess hydrogen, an excessively strong weld metal, and high levels of residual stress result in transverse cracks.

A cold gap or break in the surface of a weld that forms in the heat-affected zone of a base metal. Underbead cracks are also ca
A groove melted into the base metal at the weld toe or weld root that is left unfilled by weld metal. The groove concentrates stre
defect if outside the part's tolerances.
The extension of a weld face or root surface of a groove weld below the adjacent surface of the base metal. Underfill results fro
completely fill the weld joint.

The exposed surface of a weld on the side from which the welding was done.

A device that determines whether or not a weld is within specified tolerances. Some weld gages are designed for specific weld

The point at which the back of a weld intersects the surfaces of the base metal.
Small particles of nonmetallic material that are expelled during the fusion of the weld and base metals. Weld spatter is consider
interferes with the servicability of the part or with an additional operation, like painting.

The point at which the weld face and the base metal meet. Weld toes can experience cracking and undercut.

A welded joint.