Literature Literature: Statistika 1

STATISTIKA 1
Doddy de Queljoe
Statistika untuk Biologi, Farmasi, Kedokteran dan

ilmu yang bertautan, William C. Schefler, Ed 2,
Bandung: Penerbit ITB, 1987
Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy,
Alfonso R. Gennaro, Ed 20, Lippicott Williams &
Wilkins, 2001
LITERATURE
(1) Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan,
Prof.Dr.Soekidjo Notoatmodjo, Penerbit Rineka
Cipta, Jakarta, 2010
(2) Penelitian Farmasi Komunitas & Klinik, Ika
Puspita Sari, M.Si., Apt, Gadjah Mada
University Press, Yogyakarta, 2004
(3) Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan,
Dr.Budiman Chandra, Penerbit Buku
Kedokteran EGC, Jakarta, 2008
2
Statistika 1/Doddy 1
(4) Metodologi Penelitian Kefarmasian &
Kesehatan, Prof.Dr.Muhamad Zainuddin,Apt,
Airlangga University Press, Surabaya, 2011
(5) Statistika untuk Biologi, Farmasi,
Kedokteran dan ilmu yang bertautan, William
C. Schefler, Ed 2, Bandung: Penerbit ITB,
1987
(6) Remington: The Science and Practice of
Pharmacy, Alfonso R. Gennaro, Ed 20,
Lippicott Williams & Wilkins, 2001
3
(7) Dasar-
Dasar-dasar Metodologi Penelitian Klinis,
Prof.DR.Dr.Sudigdo Sastroasmoro,SpA(K),
Prof.Dr.Sofyan Ismael, SpA(K).,
CV Sagung Seto, Jakarta, 2010
(8) Statistik Farmasi,
David S. Jones,
Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC, Jakarta,
2002
(9) Buku Pedoman Pelaksanaan Skripsi Fak
Farmasi UBAYA 2010
4
(10) Statistika untuk Kedokteran &
Kesehatan, M. Sopiyudin Dahlan,Penerbit
Salemba Medika, Jakarta, 2009
(11) Besar Sampel & Cara Pengambilan
Sampel, M. Sopiyudin Dahlan,Penerbit
Salemba Medika, Jakarta, 2010
(12) Statistika untuk Penelitian, Sugiyono,
Penerbit Alfa Beta Bandung, 2014
PROBLEM
RESEARCH FACTORS
OBSERVATION/ VARIABLES
MEASUREMENT
STATISTICAL
DATA ANALYSIS 6
7
NOMINAL
DISCRETE/
CATEGORICAL
PERHITUNGAN
PENCACAHAN ORDINAL
DATA
TYPE INTERVAL
CONTINUE
PENGUKURAN
PUNYA SATUAN RATIO
8
Categorical data are measured in a group (less
than two years, two to five years).
Continuous data are measured with specific
numbers (two years or five years).
Nominal: categories with group identifiers
(gender, region, country)
Ordinal: categories with implied scales
(military rank, satisfaction levels)
Interval: variables in a numeric scale without
a true zero (temperature, test scores)
Ratio: variables in a measurable scale
with a true zero (annual income, age)
9
DESCRIPTIVE
 TABLE
 GRAPH
 MEASURES OF CENTRAL
STATISTICAL TENDENCY: MEAN, MEDIAN, MODUS
ANALYSIS  MEASURES OF DISPERSION:
RANGE, DEVIATION, VARIANCE, SD,
CV, SE.
INFERENTIAL
 ESTIMATION
 HYPOTHESIS TESTING
11
•Descriptive statistics can be used to

summarize the data, either numerically or
graphically, to describe the sample
sample.
•Inferential statistics is used to model patterns
in the data, accounting for randomness and
drawing inferences about the larger
population.
population
12
PARAMETRIK
 ASUMSI: NORMAL
INFERENTIAL DISTRIBUTION SAMPLE
STATISTICS
NON-PARAMETRIK
 DISTRIBUTION FREE
SAMPLE
13
ESTIMATION
 SAMPEL BESAR (> 30)
 SAMPEL KECIL (< 30)
INFEENTIAL
STATISTICS COMPARISON
 t TEST
 ANOVA
RELATION
 REGRESSION & CORRELATION
15
Univariat
Banyak
Variabel Bivariat
Multivariat
16
Some Commonly Used Statistical Tests
Normal theory Corresponding

Purpose of test
based test nonparametric test
Mann-Whitney U test;
t test for independent Compares two
(Wilcoxon) rank-sum
samples independent samples
test
(Wilcoxon) matched Examines a set of
Paired t test
pairs signed-rank test differences
Assesses the linear

Pearson correlation Spearman rank
association between
coefficient correlation coefficient
two variables.
One way analysis of Kruskal-Wallis analysis Compares three or

variance (F test) of variance by ranks more groups
Compares groups
Two way analysis of Friedman Two way
classified by two
variance analysis of variance
different factors
17
18
Data Numerik/Kontinu
Data Diskrit/Kategorik
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
CONCEPT OF
BIAS,
PRECISION,
ACCURACY
37
MEAN
38
STANDARD DEVIATION
39
COEFFICIENT OF VARIATION
40
STANDARD ERROR
41
42
FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION
43
FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION
44
DASAR
STATISTIKA
INFERENSIAL
45
PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION
46
PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION
47
BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION
48
(pxqn-x)
49
Probability:
σ = SD = Mean = P
Number:
σ = SD = Mean = nP
50
NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
51
NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
CENTRAL LIMIT THEOREM (CLT)
52
NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
53
STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION (Z)
54
55
56
57
Buku Statistik Schefler
58
59
60
61
NORMAL APPROXIMATION
[p-po]-1/(2n)
Z=
√(po qo/n)
62
NORMAL APPROXIMATION
63

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STATISTIKA 1

Statistika untuk Biologi, Farmasi, Kedokteran dan

•Descriptive statistics can be used to

Normal theory Corresponding

Assesses the linear

One way analysis of Kruskal-Wallis analysis Compares three or

STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION (Z)

STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION (Z)

Buku Statistik Schefler

STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION (Z)

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