PROJECT

in
DEVELOPMENTAL READING

Prepared by:

Repique, Janice M.
BSED/ English 4th year

Presented to:
Miss Maceda
Developmental Reading Instructor

Submission date:
2018 March 14
Search on the following topic:
1. IMPORTANCE OF TRANSLATING AND EDITING OF TEXT
2. WAYS IN TRANSLATING LITERARY PROSE
3. THEORIES OF TRANSLATION
4. ROLE OF TRANSLATORS
5. CHOOSE A PARTICULAR PIECE OR LITERATURE AND TRANSLATE IN
TAGALOG OR ENGLISH

 IMPORTANCE of TRANSLATING and EDITING of TEXT

Why editing is important? It’s because…
--- it allows us to eliminate mistakes
---point out and correct inconsistencies
---adjust the text so that it is relevant to the market or audiences the text is directed to.
But what does Editing consists of? EDITING is the step that follows or should follow all
translations. It consists of bilingual review between the source or original text and the translation,
and its goal is to improve the text. The objective of an editor is to verify the translated text is true
to the original text, to provide continuity, verify the correct use of the language and assure that
the message is conveyed in and adapted to the market and culture it is meant for. As so, when
requesting a translation service, the editing step must be taken into consideration. This’s why it is
no secret that, in translation business, “quality” is a key to achieving business expansion and
getting the word around regarding your services. A translation that does not go through it’s
respective Q.A process results in poor quality, and can affect the company’s brand image and in
most cases, causing an irreversible poor impression on customers. This is when editing takes a
role as important as the translation task itself.

 WAYS in TRANSLATING LITERARY PROSE

SOURCE LANGUAGE RECEPTOR LANGUAGE

TEXT TRANSLATION

ANALYSIS RESTRUCTURING

TRANSFER
PROCESS of TRANSLATION
In translation, the study of equivalence demonstrates the way the translators correctly render the text in
translation from S.L into T.L or vice versa. “Equivalence, for example, while discredited in the 1980’s yet
tends to be reintroduced by scholars. Its goal is to established a relationship of equivalence between the
source and the target texts, a successful translation can be judged by two criteria:
 1. Faithfulness or Fidelity (accurate translation of the meaning of the source text, without adding to it
or subtracting from it)
2. Transparency (maintaining the grammatical, syntactic, and idiomatic conventions of the target
language)
A translation that meets the first criterion is called “faithful translation”, a translation that meets the
second principle is known as “idiomatic translation”. Literary translation is an art involving the
transposing and interpreting of creative works such as novels, short prose, and poetry, drama, comic strips
and film from one language and culture into another. Without literary translator, human thought and art
would be devoid of the souls of great minds and book.
These are the steps/ways on how to translate a literary prose:
1. Become an avid and intimate reader in each of your languages.
---Translating creative works requires the ability to read between the lines. You have to love reading in
the genre(s) you’re translating and be both intimate with the writer and the nuances of language, culture,
thought and message.
2. Master your writing skills in your mother tongue.
---To translate a book, you have to write a book; to translate a play, you need to know how to write a
play. The only way you can do this is to write as much as possible in your language and continuously
hone that skill.
3. Get an education.
--- Academic worldwide are one of the strongest sources and supporters of literary and academic
translation to give you a head start. If academics is out of your league, you can teach yourself through
book.
4. Research the writer and work you are translating.
--- A writer’s work is a piece of him/herself. In order to interpret what you’re reading, you have to know
everything about the person behind the words.
5. Know the risk behind what you’re translating.
--- The translation of a particular work can cost both the writer and translator their lives depending on the
statement of the work. Know your audience.
6. Remember that no translation is perfect.
---The minute you begin to render your first sentence, the original is already lost in translation. It is your
job not to find an equivalent but rather reconstruct the original as though it was written in the target
language.
7. Find a publisher.
---Literary translations are largely contracted through publishing houses. Approach them, provide
writing/translation samples, and negotiate. Check out what’s available to you and weigh your options.
8. Join a professional translation organization.
--- Whether you lived far away, such as abroad, there are still professional organizations for translators as
well as organizations for literary translations. Joining an organization is important for your
professionalism, it enables you to network and it opens your doors to professional training opportunities
and translation prizes.
9. Practice constantly.
--- find yourself a comfortable place and translate for at least fifteen (15) minutes a day. You can only get
better by working hard and maintaining a regular schedule. After a while, you will be amazed at how
much work you have accumulated.
  THEORIES of TRANSLATION
A good translation is like “a pane of glass”.

S. Chau (1984: b 94) “ It can be misleading to talk about translation theories as such, as if there are
properly developed theoretical models or entities carefully considered by practitioners”.
Catford (1965: 20) argues that “the theory of translation is concerned with a certain type of relation
between languages and consequently a branch o comparative linguistics”.
Nida (1969: 63) “transfer is not merely the transferences of individual, disconnected kernels, but occurs
at a pint where there kernels are connected into meaningful series”. There is a tendency for all good
translations to be somewhat longer than the originals.
Newmark (1969: 19) “translation theory is a label, a framework of principles”. It is neither a theory nor a
science but the body of knowledge that we have and have skill to acquire about the process of translating.
Ian Mason (1982: 20) “the difference between translation theory and contrastive linguistic boils down to
the differences between langue and parole. “The focus is on the text rather on the language”.
Vilen Kommissarov (1985: 208) “translation theory is not supposed to provide the translator with ready-
made solutions of his problems”. It is not a substitute for proper thinking or decision making.

 ROLE of TRANLATORS
Translators are language professionals, they are applied linguists, competent writers, diplomats, and
educated amateurs. They are an author which is their main role is to author a piece of writing.
* convert text from the source language into the target language
* send a message across without any form of distraction on emphasis
* provide an effective means of communication
* take care of every single detail of the translation process no matter how big or small it is
* has to make balance between maintaining close fidelity to the original and utter freedom of it.
* must not embellished words that distort the meanings
* should avoid the words and idioms that may confuse the reader
* has sensitivity and attention to details
* understands the specialized terminology in the field of the translation
* as a compatible person both the language cultures; you must have a sound knowledge of the two
cultures involved so that translation would not be crucial.
* thinks about the purpose of translation
* translation must be accurate and consistent

Translating is a complex task that demands expertise. It offers three (3) indispensable functions that man
constantly needs. With such great and crucial responsibility, only professional translators have the ability
to carry out risks.
Role of Translator in Japanese Translation
- fostering a communicative act
- zero chances of biasness
- vernacular excellence
- beyond “mere” translation
- trained for specialization

 PIECE of LITERATURE
(Tagalog version)
“IKAW, AKO, TAYO” tayong dalawa.
Tayong dalawa ay magkakantahan na para bang mga ibon sa ating bilangguan,
mag-aawitan, mag-iibigan, magpupuri, at magbabalik tanaw sa nakaraan,
sa ating masasayang karanasan at magtatawanan
sa mga nakakatawang pangyayari at istoryang nabuo ng masaya
at magkasama.

__William Shakespeare

(English Version)
We two alone,
will sing like birds
in the cage… so we’ll love
and pray, and sing, and tell
old tales, and laugh
at gilded butterflies of memories

___William Shakespeare

(English Version)
“We know what we are, but we know not what we may be”.
(Tagalog Version)
Maaring kilala natin ang ating mga sarili
base sa kung ano meron tayo sa kasalukuyan,
pero hindi natin alam o hulaan
sa kung ano ang mangyayari sa atin sa kinabukasan.
 (English version)

Time is very slow for those who wait.

very fast for those who are scared
very long for those who lament
very short for those who celebrate.
but for those who love,
time is eternal.
___William Shakespeare

(tagalog version)

Ang oras ay napakabagal sa mga taong naghihintay,

mabilis sa mga taong takot o duwag
duwag sumubok at mabigo.
matagal para sa lahat ng nakaramdam ng matinding pagkabigo
at mabilis para sa mga nagdidiwang;
nagdidiwang ng kanilang tagumpay sa buhay
ngunit para sa lahat ng umiibig at nagmamahal,
ang oras ay walang katapusan.
Patuloy na lumalaban, paulit-ulit man mabigo,
kahit ilang beses pa mang madapa
patuloy pa din sa pagbangon at umaasa
na balang araw makakamit din ang pag-asang tinatamasa.

__ William Shakespeare