Introduction:Purpose of the introduction is to let the reader know

 The topic
 The aspect of the topic being covered
 The stand taken by you
Different types of introductions:

A-COMPARE THE PAST WITH THE PRESENT.

In the past ………

But these days……

Thesis statement. This tells the reader what to expect in the essay and gives your
stand

B-COMPARE PLACES.
In some countries….
In others/ In my country….
Thesis

C-COMPARE PEOPLE’S OPINION

Some people believe……..
Others are of the opinion….
Thesis
D- PARAPHRASE IN YOUR OWN WORDS.
General statement about the topic
One view
Thesis statement which has your stand and answers the questions

BODY PARAGRAPHS

CAUSE AND EFFECT ESSAY:If the question asks for the causes and solutions This
must be the sequence of sentences

 Cause
 Example/explanation/details
 Solution
 Example of the solution
 Result of the solution

If the question asks for problems and solutions

 Problem
 Example/explanation/details
 Solution
 Example of the solution
 Result of the solution
OPINION ESSAY:Don’t use the phrases ‘in my opinion’ or’ I believe’ anywhere else
other than in the conclusion in the opinion essay.One paragraph for others’ opinion and
two paragraphs for your view.This must be the Sequence of sentences
1. Opinion statement
2. Example
3. Explanation /details
4. Result
AGREE DISAGREE ESSAY-This must be the sequence of sentences first paragraph
1. Others’ opinion
2. Contradict that and give your opinion
3. Reason
4. Example
5. Explanation
6. Result
2nd and 3rd paragraphs
7. Your opinion
8. Reason why you believe that
9. Example
10. Explanation
11. Result

ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE ESSAY :If you believe it is advantageous write two

paragraphs on advantages and one on disadvantages.This must be the sequence of
sentences

1. The advantage/ disadvantage

2. Reason why you believe that
3. Example
4. Explanation/details
5. Result
CONCLUSION:It should contain the summary of the main argument and a comment on
the implication.

PHRASES FOR ESSAY WRITING.

TO GIVE SOLUTIONS

The most obvious reason is..

One possibility is…
…could
….should
A good idea would be…
A further step is to…

TALKING ABOUT RESULT.

As a result.
This would enable / help them to…
This would lead to…
This means they would…
By doing this….
Consequently…
So…
Therefore…
In order to…
So as to with the aim of…
And so…
So that…
For this reason…
As a consequence…
Hence…

EXPRESSING A STRONG OPINION

It is important that…
There is no doubt that…
One cannot deny that..
It is impossible to argue against the fact …

PRESENTING AS SOMEONE ELSE’S OPINION

Some people argue/ think/ feel/ claim/ believe that…

Other people are of the opinion that…
Yet other people put forward the view that….
It is argued by some people that…
A commonly held belief is that….
They claim that..
They maintain that…

GIVING EXAMPLES
For example..
For instance..
A case in point is that…
A good example here is…
Take ……for example. It/ they….

CONTRADICTING
Nevertheless I feel that…
However I think that…
Personally I believe….
On the other hand …
Whereas….

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Benefit. PrProblems
Opportunities HaHandicap
Chance. DrDrawbacks
Gains. DiDifficult
Enable. InInterfere
Help. Worthless
Ideal. disadvantageous
Beneficial
Useful
Invaluable
advantageous

CONCLUDING
In conclusion..
All in all..
To sum up…
In general…
To put it in a nut shell..