SRI VENKATESHWARA COLLEGE OF

ENGINEERING
(Affiliated to VTU, Belagavi, Approved by AICTE, New Delhi)

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

(NBA Accredited)

Project Synopsis
on

Submitted by

Under the guidance of

Name of Team Members (Strictly not more than four students in a batch)
 Student Mobile No.
Sl. Name of the Address for
USN Parent Mobile No. Photograph
No Student Correspondence
& email ID

1.

2.

3.

4.
Signature of Guide Signature of Project Signature of HOD
Coordinator

Objectives of the project :

1. The present study concentrates on the development of natural and hybrid composite and
to utilize the advantages offered by renewable sources.

2. Composites are developed by hand layup technique using, sugar cane baggase fiber,
epoxy and hardner . Specimens are cut according to the ASTM standard.

3. The hybrid composites are developed with different angle orientation .

4. The various tests are conducted to determine the mechanical properties

Importance of the Project :
The details of developing of hybrid composites are provided as scope to various industries such as
transportation, aeronautics, naval, automotive and component of electronic industry.
Commercial aircraft applications are the most important uses of hybrid composites. Aircraft unlike
other vehicles need to lay greater stress on safety and weight. Fiber epoxy composites have been made
with hybrid resin composites and these are now used in other transport system. Ships are under constant
attack, both from the elements of nature and the enemy. The vast majority of ship hulls are constructed
from common carbon steels, which are obviously susceptible to corrosion, welding of thousands of
steel plates, this creates numerous heat affected zones, resulting in the areas of stress concentrations
reduces fatigue life. These factors lead to higher maintenance costs. So, reinforced polymer and natural
hybrid composites are developed

Technical Details :

1. The sugar cane baggase natural fiber, with Epoxy is selected for this project and fabricated using
hand layup method.

2. Hybrid composites are fabricated with different angle orientation. After fabrication the
specimens are prepared according to the ASTM standard for certain tests such as tensile and
hardness test.
Innovativeness & Usefulness :

It is desired to produce low cost, high quality, sustainable and environmental friendly materials. It has
been found from the researched study that the lower mechanical properties and poor compatibility
between polymer matrix and fibers. Composite materials are one of the most favoured solutions to this
problem in the field. By combining the stronger properties of traditional materials and eliminating the
disadvantages they bear, fiber mats of different orientations are developed, composite materials
technology is providing compromising solutions and alternatives to many engineering fields. Problems
born from material limitations like heavy weight, structural strength, and thermal resistance are being
solved by the composite material alternatives, and many more alternatives are being introduced to
readily use engineering applications.

Current Status of Development :

Market Potential & Competitive advantage:

ADVANTAGES OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS

 Design Flexibility – Thermoset Composites give designers nearly unlimited flexibility in

designing shapes and forms. They be molded into the most intricate components and can be
made a wide range of densities and chemical formulations to have precise performance
properties.
 Low cost per cubic inch – When comparing costs based on volume, thermoset composites have
lower material costs than traditional materials such as wood, engineered thermoplastics and
metals. In addition, because thermoset composites have a low petroleum-based content, they are
 not subjected to the price fluctuations experienced in petroleum-based products.
 Lower material costs – Because thermoset composites can be precisely molded, there is little
waste and therefore significantly lower overall material costs than metals products.
 Improved productivity – Industrial Designers and Engineers are able to reduce assembly costs
by combining several previously assembles parts into a single component. Also, inserts can be
molded directly into the part during the molding process thereby eliminating the need for a post-
process. In addition, composites do not usually require additional machining, thereby reducing
work-in-process and time to market.

Methodology to attain Objectives:

Hand lay-up technique is the simplest method of composite processing. The infrastructural
requirement for this method is also minimal. The processing steps are quite simple. First of all, a release
gel is sprayed on the mold surface to avoid the sticking of polymer to the surface. Thin plastic sheets are
used at the top and bottom of the mold plate to get good surface finish of the product. Reinforcement in
the form of woven mats or chopped strand mats are cut as per the mold size and placed at the surface of
mold after perspex sheet. Then thermosetting polymer in liquid form is mixed thoroughly in suitable
proportion with a prescribed hardner (curing agent) and poured onto the surface of mat already placed in
the mold. The polymer is uniformly spread with the help of brush. Second layer of mat is then placed on
the polymer surface and a roller is moved with a mild pressure on the mat-polymer layer to remove any
air trapped as well as the excess polymer present. The process is repeated for each layer of polymer and
mat, till the required layers are stacked. After placing the plastic sheet, release gel is sprayed on the
inner surface of the top mold plate which is then kept on the stacked layers and the pressure is applied.
After curing either at room temperature or at some specific temperature, mold is opened and the
developed composite part is taken out and further processed. The schematic of hand lay-up is shown in
figure 1. The time of curing depends on type of polymer used for composite processing. For example,
for epoxy based system, normal curing time at room temperatur is 24-48 hours. This method is mainly
suitable for thermosetting polymer based composites. Capital and infrastructural reuirement is less as
compared to other methods. Production rate is less and high volume fraction of reinforcement is difficult
to achieve in the processed composites. Hand lay-up method finds application in many areas like aircraft
components, automotive parts, boat hulls, diase board, deck etc
Expected Outcome of the project

The expected outcome of the project depends upon the type of material used and the tests that are
undergone comparatively the models are tested with the various other models .
At the last the best material is selected depending upon the test results.

Application of the project :

1. Automobile
2. Aerospace
3. Dental
4. Medical application

MRP is used as a compound extender to offset the use of natural rubber and synthetic polymers as well
as act as a process aid in material production. In some cases, MRP can reduce formulation costs,
because it replaces commodity-priced rubber- and oil-based feedstocks, According to some estimates,
MRP offers up to 50 percent cost savings over virgin raw materials.

MRP also can improve the sustainability, and in some cases the performance, of the compounds in
which it is used. For example, the smaller particle sizes of MRP are known to increase the impact
strength of certain plastic compositions. However, in all applications the particle size and loading levels
depend on the target application.

OTHER KEY ADVANTAGES :

 As molded dimensional accuracy

 Tight tolerance, repeatable moldings
 Low-post mold shrinkage
 Chemical Resistance
 Consolidated Parts and Function
 Corrosion Resistance
  Design Flexibility

Correspondence Address of the Institute / organization requested to carryout Project apart

from SVCE, If applicable

Lab resources required to attain objectives , if any

Sl No Equipment/Material

Details of Funding Agency, if this project is applied for any Sponsorship.

Signature of Student 1 Signature of Student 2 Signature of Student 3 Signature of Student 4

Signature of Guide Signature of Project Signature of HOD

Coordinator
 Weekly Project Plan Report

Week Signature of
Date Task assigned by the Guide Remarks of Guide
No. Guide

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Week Signature of
Date Task assigned by the Guide Remarks of Guide
No. Guide

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 Student's Attendance Report
Week Signature of
Date Student 1 Student 2 Student 3 Student 4
No. Guide

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