105

62. We choose +x east and +y north and measure all angles in the “standard” way
G
(positive ones counterclockwise from +x, negative ones clockwise). Thus, vector d1 has
magnitude d1 = 3.66 (with the unit meter and three significant figures assumed) and
G
direction θ1 = 90°. Also, d 2 has magnitude d2 = 1.83 and direction θ2 = –45°, and vector
G
d 3 has magnitude d3 = 0.91 and direction θ3 = –135°. We add the x and y components,
respectively:
x : d1 cos θ1 + d 2 cos θ 2 + d3 cos θ 3 = 0.65 m
y : d1 sin θ1 + d 2 sin θ 2 + d3 sin θ 3 = 1.7 m.
G G G
(a) The magnitude of the direct displacement (the vector sum d1 + d 2 + d 3 ) is
(0.65 m) 2 + (1.7 m) 2 = 1.8 m.

(b) The angle (understood in the sense described above) is tan–1 (1.7/0.65) = 69°. That is,
the first putt must aim in the direction 69° north of east.

63. The three vectors are

G
d1 = −3.0 ˆi + 3.0 ˆj + 2.0 kˆ
G
d 2 = −2.0 ˆi − 4.0 ˆj + 2.0 kˆ
G
d = 2.0 ˆi + 3.0 ˆj + 1.0 k.
3
ˆ

G G
(a) Since d 2 + d 3 = 0 ˆi − 1.0 ˆj + 3.0 kˆ , we have
G G G
d1 ⋅ (d 2 + d3 ) = (−3.0 ˆi + 3.0 ˆj + 2.0 k)
ˆ ⋅ (0 ˆi − 1.0 ˆj + 3.0 k)
ˆ
= 0 − 3.0 + 6.0 = 3.0 m 2 .
G G
(b) Using Eq. 3-30, we obtain d 2 × d3 = −10 ˆi + 6.0 ˆj + 2.0 k.
ˆ Thus,

G G G
d1 ⋅ (d 2 × d3 ) = (−3.0 ˆi + 3.0 ˆj + 2.0 k)
ˆ ⋅ (−10 ˆi + 6.0 ˆj + 2.0 k)
ˆ
= 30 + 18 + 4.0 = 52 m3 .
→ →
(c) We found d2 + d3 in part (a). Use of Eq. 3-30 then leads to
G G G
d1 × (d 2 + d3 ) = (−3.0 ˆi + 3.0 ˆj + 2.0 k)
ˆ × (0 ˆi − 1.0 ˆj + 3.0 k)
ˆ

= (11iˆ + 9.0 ˆj + 3.0 kˆ ) m 2

64. (a) The vectors should be parallel to achieve a resultant 7 m long (the unprimed case
shown below),