Category: Off-Grid (Power)

Submitted to
Board of Judges on
ASEAN Renewable Energy Project Competition 2017

By
Roum-Jai-Tam-Roy-Pho Network Community Enterprise
Pa-Deng Sub-District, Kaeng Krachan, Petchaburi Province, Thailand
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ASEAN Energy Awards 2017

Application Number
(Office Use Only)

Introduction
ASEAN Centre for Energy (ACE) is an intergovernmental organization established by
Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand
and Vietnam. It is guided by Governing Council composed of the Senior Officials on energy
of the ASEAN countries and a representative from the ASEAN Secretariat. Core funding is
provided by an Energy Endowment Fund established from equal contributions of the ten
member countries and managed by a private fund manager.

OFF Grid
 Power
 Thermal
ON Grid
Category  National Grid
 Local Grid
 Cogeneration
 Biofuels

Title of Activity/Project/Theme

Pa-Deng Community Hybrid Power Generation

Source of Energy Renewable Energy

(solar power/ household waste and animal manure/biomass)
Age of Project/Commercial
7 Years / 2010
Operating Date (COD)

Applicant General Information

Name of Company Roum-Jai-Tam-Roy-Pho Network Community Enterprise
Primary Contact Person Mr. Kosol Saengthong
Designation Chairman
87 Moo 1, Pa-Deng Sub-district, Kaeng Krachan District,
Business Address
Phetchaburi Province, 76170, Thailand
Pa-Deng Sub-district, Kaeng Krachan District, Phetchaburi
Project Site Address
Province, 76170, Thailand
Telephone 668 5271 9262
Mobile Phone 668 5290 7766
Fax -
Email go_soccom_4@hotmail.com
Website -
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Nature of Business
Roum-Jai-Tam-Roy-Pho Network Community Enterprise was established by a group of
villagers in Pa-Deng Sub-district who interested in “Sufficiency Economy”, a philosophy
conceived and developed by His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand and tried to
follow him. The main objective of organization is solving living problems of community
including lacks of energy. It has been established to be a “Self-sufficient Economic and
Alternative Energy Learning Center and opens for renewable energy training courses.
Project Abstract
Power generation from renewable energy for utilization in “Pa-Deng Self-sufficient
Economic and Alternative Energy Learning Center” and community members’ household
10 villages in Pa-Deng Sub-district located in the different area. Several villages were in the
Royal Initiated Project area, thus, principle occupation was dairy cattle livestock, while 5
villages (Moo 1, 2, 6, 8 and 10) were located in the Kaeng Krachan National Park which had
the area’s restriction, so there is no any facility such as electricity, tap water and
communication networks. Consequently, the villagers has collaborated together and
established a community enterprise named “Roum-Jai-Tam-Roy-Pho Network” that proposes
to develop the life quality of villagers, as well as strengthens the community participation by
referring to the Self-sufficient Economic Theory of the King Bhumibhol Adulyadej. In order
to conduct the activity of community, the villagers are led by village’s chief and sub-district
administration organization, with the well supporting from the government and private
organizations.
Energy-related activities of organization mainly aim to fulfil the community’s requirement.
Besides alternative power generation used for household and organization’s business, there
are various renewable energy promotion activities, for examples, biomass cooking stove
production, biodiesel production from used cooking oil, water pumping for agriculture and
irrigation, high efficiency charcoal kiln, etc., including conduct for the renewable energy
technology and energy conservation knowledges to members and villagers. Hence, all of
activities result in efficient energy consumption.
At 2015, the enterprise has been established to be a “Self-sufficient Economic and Alternative
Energy Learning Center by Energy Policy and Planning Office, Ministry of Energy and opens
for renewable energy training courses such as (1) Community scale energy planning (2) Biogas
system installation (3) Biomass gasification installation and operation, (4) Community Solar Cell
installation for agriculture and lighting, etc.
By successful in many activities, Roum-Jai-Tam-Roy-Pho Network (Community Enterprise)
has obtained many awards and certifications from various government departments, such as
Global Environment Facility (GEF/SGP) UNDP, Petchaburi Provincial Energy Office,
Rajabhat university, Office of the Royal Development Project Board, provincial energy,
office of agriculture and a cooperative provincial, Ministry of Energy, etc. Moreover, the Thai
Greenhouse Gas Organization (TGO) has certified that Biogas Digesters of Pa-Deng
community can reduce greenhouse gas emission by 57 ton-CO2 equivalent since year 2010
until present.

Employment Opportunities
Executive: (Technical) ____5_____ (Non-Technical) ____12_____
Non-Executive: _____2_____
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A. ORIGINALITY

A.1 Project Profile

Design
Pa-Deng Community is located in the Kang Krachan National Park, thus, there is some
restriction in area utilization and national grid lines are not available. Since it is necessary to
have electricity power to provide basic comfort to community; therefore, diesels engines
were installed to produce electricity. However, the diesel generator systems cannot provide
electricity 24 hours a day due to high costs of fuel and maintenance. Besides the usage of
diesel generator has disadvantages in air, water, soil and noise pollutions which affect to
community environment and health. Accordingly, the community decided to carry out
project ‘Household Electricity from 100% Renewable Energy’ starting up with fund from
Global Environment Facility (GEF/SGP) UNDP: framework of climate change. This project
designed to make household electricity from renewable energy system from high potential
renewable energy resources in this area, which are (1) Solar energy (average solar radiation
intensity is 17-20 MJ/m2-day), (2) Biogas from dairy cattle manure, agricultural waste,
organic waste from household and (3) Biomass gasification using charcoal from high
efficiency kiln. Each renewable energy system has been designed to be proper with area-
based potential as well as community energy demand.
Application
The electricity generation systems were designed and installed by considering to feedstock
supply and amount of electricity demand of each household:
1. Hybrid power generation from solar, biomass and biogas
The hybrid power generation system is installed for the utilization inside the learning centre
and dormitory, in which requires high electricity consumption. Furthermore, electricity must
be stable because it needs to be continuously used for training, visitors’ activity and centre’s
administration. Therefore, it is a task of organization members to provide the fuel, including
generates electricity for mentioned utilizations.
2. Hybrid power generation from solar and biogas, and individual power generation
from solar (or biogas)
These systems were designed for the utilization in household only, due to the low power
requirement. The criteria of system selection are mainly considered by each household
demand and availability of fuel providing.
Approach
At the beginning (Year 2013-2014), the community used fund from Global Environment
Facility (GEF/SGP) UNDP: framework of climate change and self-funding to construct and
install to the household prior by most necessary. After the community obtained income from
occupation promotion activity and money saving interest, the power generation was installed
to other households, respectively.
Likewise, this project also obtained the fund from government and private organizations in
order to improve villagers’ skill for system installation, operation, and maintenance. Hence, it
leads the organization and community to be more competencies, and it can be established as
the Self-Sufficient Economic Learning Center, in which proper for demonstration site and
also becomes a community renewable energy research center for both government and private
sector.

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B. ENVIRONMENT CONSIDERATION

B.1 Amount of Emissions/Pollution Avoided

Value and unit
No. Parameters Carbon
Before After Emission
Reduction
Primary GHG emission (Carbon dioxide, 49,884 49,884
1 0
Methane, Nitrous oxide, CFC) kg CO2/year kg CO2/year
2 Electricity consumption
3 Fuel consumption - - -
4 Water consumption - - -
5 Air pollution (e.g. SOx, Nox and CO) - - -
Banned materials (i.e. RoHS
6 - - -
compliance, etc.)
7 Dioxine level - - -
Water pollution (e.g. BOD, COD, NH3
8 - - -
and pH)
Energy efficiency/ Coefficient of
9 - - -
Performance (e.g. COP)
10 Indoor Environmental Quality - - -
11 Waste minimization
Chemical use reduction (e.g. toxicity,
12 - - -
volume)
Other parameters
13 - - -
Specify
49,884
Total Potential Carbon Emission Reduction
kg CO2/year
Carbon Emission Reduction over the lifetime of project 111,710 kg CO2

Remark: The Thai Greenhouse Gas Organization (TGO) has certified that only Biogas Digesters of
Pa-Deng community can reduce GHG emission by 57 ton-CO2 equivalent (year 2010- 2016).
B.2 Discussion (Simple calculation of conversion)
By replacing diesel generators with renewable electricity generation systems,
Pa-Deng community can reduce diesel consumption
= 18,421 liters/year or 111,710 litres* over the lifetime of project.
which equivalent to carbon emission
= 18,421 x 2.7080
= 49,884 kg CO2/year or 302,510.68 kg CO2 over the lifetime of project.
*see more detail in D.8 Amount of Fossil Energy Avoided
**GHG emission factor for diesel combustion is 2.7080 kg CO2/litre
**Source: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; IPCC

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B.3 Project Objective & Criteria

The main objective of this project was to improve Pa-Deng community’s quality of life and
make it is the self-reliance community. The project helps community can generate sufficient
energy for usage within households or businesses by using raw materials from the natural
resources and by-product or waste from occupations and households.
All energy generation systems were done based on the concepts as follows:
 Low investment and operating cost
 Each system was designed suitable for each household or business or ‘tailor-made
system’
 Easy to operate and maintenance
 Low maintenance
 Environmental friendly

Roum-Jai-Tam-Roy-Pho Network Community Enterprise has been stablished as a

‘Self-sufficient Economic and Alternative Energy Learning Center’
by Energy Policy and Planning Office, Ministry of Energy on 2015

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C. SOCIAL CONSIDERATION

C.1 Benefits (User, Community, Country)

User (organization members and nearby community)
 Project accompanies the community from un-electrification, thus, villagers obtained
more life quality, and creates community job.
 Power generation cost has been reduced by using renewable energy instead of diesel
generation.
 Adding value to the household waste, animal manure and biomass, by using these
feedstocks for energy production.
 Create the job to local technician, by carrying out the energy system’s operation and
maintenance services.
 According to the establishment of learning centre, there are a lot of trainers and
visitor. Hence, community obtains income from products and souvenirs selling.
 Organization members and community are proud following the self-sufficient
economic theory of the King Rama IX. Likewise, the project has been developed to be
a demonstration site to other communities.
 Be the self-reliance community
 Reduce emission by replacing diesel oil for power generation with renewable energy.
Other communities
At present, the local technicians can prepare the service for renewable energy systems
installation, operation, maintenance, including transfer renewable energy and energy
efficiency technologies to other communities, by their wishing that the communities in
Thailand can sustainably utilize the domestic renewable energy and will be the self-reliance
community.
Country
 This project is to support the National Alternative Energy Development Plan.
Moreover, utilization of renewable resources can partially reduce the importing of
diesel from abroad
 Reduce the payment of the government due to the construction of infrastructure in
rural or remote area, hence, government can use budget for development of the other
urgent activities.
C.2 Corporate Social Responsibility Program
 Install renewable power generation for community in rural
area, also coach to operate and maintenance
 Co-exhibition with the Ministry of Energy on topics
‘Energy Self-sufficient Community’
 Support scholarships to schools in the community
 Appropriately, government and non-government have
selected Pa-Deng community to be a demonstration on
CSR project. Likewise, there are many organizations are
interesting and attend the energy-related training at this
community.

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C.3 Community/People Awareness, Participation and Acceptance

 Citizen in Pa-Deng Community always accept and sincerely participate to the project,
because the organization’s activities can create job and dominant profit to the
community.
 Organization members and community usually participate for all projects activities:
o The organization meeting is conducted monthly that all members and community
can attend to acknowledge for the activities’ progressive, and the participants can
propose their idea to develop the fruitful administrations.
o Organization has set the criteria that the project participants must attend the
activities since energy system installation until operation. Moreover, all
participants should continuously share and transfer the technology to other
member via online or social media. Therefore, the member can use and
maintenance the installed system by themselves.
o etc.
 The organization and community has collaborated and attended the various activities
with government, academic institutes and private organizations, such as;
o Attend the ‘Forest and Environmental Conservation Village Project’, which is a
part of the Royal Initiative Project, by replacing old type of charcoal kiln with the
high efficiency charcoal kiln that the community can get more charcoal, as well as
reduce pollution.
o Organization has invited the domestic and international organizations to share the
knowledge concerning to agriculture and energy. For example, representatives
from Ministry of Energy presents about renewable energy and energy
conservation, knowledge on organic agricultures from Ministry of Agriculture,
UNDP and GEF for community scale renewable energy technologies, etc.
o Community obtained the budget and subsidizing from the government, in order to
install the 200 litres high efficiency charcoal kiln, compact biogas system and
wind power water pumping system.

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D. TECHNICAL, ECONOMIC & MARKET CONSIDERATION

D.1 Technical Design

The previous electricity generation systems of this community were diesel generators which
cannot provide electricity 24 hours a day due to high fuel cost and cause air, water, soil and
noise pollutions. Accordingly, the community decided to replace diesel power generators
with renewable energy power supplies.
At present, there are various renewable energy power generation systems in Pa-Deng
community, and each system has been designed to be proper with area-based potential as
well as community energy demand.
Hybrid power generation from solar, biomass and biogas for Self-sufficient Economic
and Alternative Energy Learning Center, guesthouse and dormitory
Solar PV system
 Solar Panels 855 W (rooftop) with solar charge controller
 Inverter 2,000 W to convert DC 12 V to AC 220 V
 Batteries 8.64 kW (connect 36 batteries 12 V 20 Ah in parallel)
Biogas system
 Biogas Digester 20 m3
 Diesel generator which applied to use with biogas
Biomass system
 Gasifier Stove (fixed bed, updraft) 750 MJ/batch
 Syngas generator

For community members’ households and others communities, the power generation systems
were designed by demand and availability of fuel providing, thus there are various types of
power generation systems such as hybrid power generation from solar and biogas, individual
power generation from solar or biogas.
(See Fig 1-7 in heading G. for sample projects of the enterprise’s members in Pa-Deng Community)

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D.2 Technical Performance

All hybrid power generation systems can operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year--can
produce sufficient electricity for basic need for everyday life of community. Due to the power
generation systems were ‘tailor-made’ by demand and availability of fuel providing, thus they
were suitable for all users--they can operate continuously and closely at the maximum
performance.
D.3 Investment Indicator
Solar PV system (Estimated of Solar PV system 120W)
No Parameters Unit Value
1 Total Capital Cost/Expenditure USD/W 1.8
2 O&M cost USD/day 0.3
3 Payback period day 80-90

Biogas system (Estimated of Biogas system 4 m3)

No Parameters Unit Value
1 Total Capital Cost/Expenditure USD/m3 72*
2 O&M cost % CAPEX 13
Financial 3 Payback period month 12.5
Model (excluding power generator, use biogas
substitute cooking LPG only)
4 Payback period month 1
(including power generator, use biogas
for power generator only)
*Excluding wages for pit digging
Remarks:
1. using diesel to generate power for 6-8 hours/day is 2.88 USD/day
2. LPG used for cooking for one household is 5.76 USD/month
3. Appliances in a house: a LED TV 30W, a fan 25W, 3 LED bulbs 15W
4. All power generation systems were partly supported by funds from government and
private organizations, so the total capital costs were lower than normal.
D.4 Financial Scheme/Livelihood Projects
 Investment of energy system construction and installation came from the combination
of organization’s grant and self-financing of the member (or household) who needs to
use the system.
 Cost for system operation, fuel preparation and maintenance are paid by the household
who is the owner.
D.5 Funder (Government and Non-Government)
Government organizations (Global Environment Facility (GEF/SGP) UNDP, Petchaburi
Provincial Energy Office, Rajabhat university, Office of the Royal Development Project
Board, provincial energy, office of agriculture and a cooperative provincial, Ministry of
Energy, etc.) have subsidized the system investment inside the Self-sufficient Economic and
Alternative Energy Learning Center.
For household systems, mainly capital investment comes from the member self-funding with
the partial subsidizing from organization.

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D.6 Market Size (Potential Within 5 Years)

Installation data in 2010-2016 showed that Roum-Jai-Tam-Roy-Pho has potential to install
renewable hybrid power generations or renewable power generations 30-50 units/year, so in
2017-2021 they targeted to install the renewable systems at members’ house and others
communities’ 20-40 units/year.
D.7 Local Manufacturing/Content of System
All system components can be manufactured or procured at affordable prices locally. Hence,
community can operate, maintenance, and repair systems by own self.
D.8 Amount of Fossil Energy Avoided (ktoe, etc)
This project can reduce diesel consumption used for generating electricity by replace with
alternative fuels 15,061.4 litres/year or 111,710 litres over the lifetime of project.
Amount of
Installed in Electricity Amount of
Lifetime Diesel Avoided
System Pa-Deng Production Diesel Avoided
(year) over lifetime
community (kWh/year) (Litres/year)
(Litres)
Solar PV 2,780 Watts 4,262 1,421 10 14,210
Biogas 559 m3 37,500 12,500 6 75,000
Biomass Gasifier 750 MJ/batch 13,500 4,500 5 22,500
Total 55,262 18,421 111,710
Remarks:
(1) Only 30% of biogas used for electricity generation (approximate 15,000 m3/year, 70% used as
thermal (replace LPG)
(2) 1 litre of diesel will produce 3 kWh of electricity
Furthermore, the community enterprise has also installed renewable systems and shared
knowledges to other communities in Thailand continuously.

Biogas systems installation in Pa-Deng Solar PV systems installation in Pa-Deng

community and others area since 2010-2016 community and others area since 2013-2016
D.9 Life of Project
Life of the systems are as follows:
Solar PV system 10 years
Biogas system 6 years
Biomass Gasifier 5 years
If some systems or components are broken or disordered, they can be removed or replaced by
the new one or spare parts which manufactured within local.

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E. OPERATION & MAINTENANCE SCHEME

E.1 Operation Hours (Day/Month/Year)

The energy systems can be continuously generated power for 24 hours (365 day per year),
which is the combination energy output from solar PV, biogas and biomass gasifier. Power
can be utilized simultaneously, or can be kept by using batteries which supported by ‘Reuse
batteries for return light to backcountry community project’, the CSR project cooperation of
Wisetek Solutions (Thailand) Ltd., Industrial Estate Authority of Thailand, the Department of
Public Participation, Thailand Ministry of Energy and the Community Enterprise.

E.2 Maintenance Scheme (In-House, Contracted Out Service, Government, Others)

 Monthly maintenance and consultant service is provided by Roum-Jai-Tam-Roy-Pho
Network Community Enterprise
 There are 20 community technicians with tools and spare parts ready to service
members and systems installed by the enterprise
 All members can operate and maintenance the installed system by themselves
E.3 Other Maintenance Measures (Training, After-Sales Service)
 Requirement that those who want to install the system must participate in the system
installation and must be trained in operation and maintenance
 Organize monthly meeting of community enterprise’s committee and members to
monitor installed systems
 Sharing and transferring operation & maintenance technics with other members via
online or social media. Therefore, all members can operate and maintenance the
installed system by themselves
 The Community Enterprise continuously collects data to monitor performance of
systems and optimize or adjust the systems’ operation to be full potential at all times
 Continuously improve community technicians and villagers’ skill for system
installation, operation, and maintenance by joining training programs of related
organizations such as the Ministry of Energy, the Ministry of Industry, Petchaburi
Rajabahat University, Department of Industrial Works, etc.
E.4 Energy Conservation and Cost Reduction System
 Continuously conduct energy conservation knowledges to members and villagers.
Hence, all of activities result in efficient energy consumption.
 Use energy saving or high efficiency equipment such as LED lighting, LED TV, etc.
and limit time of use.
 Replace the conventional stove with 200 litres high efficiency stove, in which help
reducing cost and increasing profit for charcoal burning. Compared with the
conventional stove, the high efficiency stove could save energy about 30%.
 Substitution of LPG stove used for cooking with the biomass or biogas stove

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 Households and business could produce biogas by own self and use substitute for
LPG, by-product from biogas generation systems also used as soil conditioners in
farming
 The solar PV systems were not used only for lighting, but also used for water pumping
E.5 Local Service Content
 All members and users can operate and maintenance the installed system by
themselves, also can resolve preliminary problems.
 The system components are from local distributors, which have their own service
centers and are readily to solve the problems on site.
 Monthly maintenance and consultant service is provided by Roum-Jai-Tam-Roy-Pho
Network Community Enterprise which located in the same district.
E.6 ISO for Environment and Quality
Biogas project in Pa-Deng community has been certified in Low Emission Support Scheme:
LESS project of the Thai Greenhouse Gas Organization (TGO) that can reduce greenhouse
gas emission by 57 ton-CO2 equivalent since year 2010-2016.

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F. REPLICABILITY

F.1 Relevance, Impact, Efficiency

 This project can be applied to all restricted areas, or the rural / remote areas or island
without electricity supply or even to projects in which want to reduce cost of fossil
fuels or would like to express the environmental responsibility
 The optimized renewable power generation with highest efficiency is the one which
designed proper with area-based potential as well as energy demand
 Because this power generation use 100% renewable sources, it will cause no impact to
environment and user’s health
 It can provide stable and steady power for 24 hours a day, sufficient amount of energy
to meet the basic energy need of the rural society

The Honorable Mention as Prototype of Awards on Expansion of

Sustainable Renewable Energy Community Renewable Energy Activities in Communities
from Thailand Ministry of Energy in 2012 from Thailand Senate Energy Committee in 2013
F.2 Cost Effectiveness (No, Low, High Cost)
Electricity production cost of renewable energy power generation is about 13.8 baht/kWh
(0.4 USD), which is lower than the cost of electricity produced by small diesel generators.
*The current rate of electricity produced by a small diesel generator is about 20-25 baht/kWh
(0.6-0.7 USD)
F.3 Sustainability of Project
It can be considered as sustainable project, by following reasons;
 Community always needs electricity (and heat) for daily life and working.
 There is high potential and sustainability to collect fuel feedstock:
o This area has high solar radiation throughout the year
o Animal manure for biogas system can be obtained from community’s cattle farm,
or nearby village.
o Biomass for gasifier can be collected from agricultural waste in the community
because majority occupation in this area is agriculture. Furthermore, biomass can
be also obtained from residue wood used for charcoal making.
o Daily waste from household can be also mixed with animal manure for biogas
production

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F.4 Others
Create Networks for Expansion
Since 2010-present, Roum-Jai-Tam-Roy-Pho Network Community Enterprise has continuously
shared renewable energy knowledges to other communities in Petchaburi and other provinces
in Thailand—and plans to continue at least 50 communities within 2 years (within 2019).
Not just to hand out technology to users, but to teach them how to use it, modify it, and adapt
it precisely to their needs. Rather than being ‘off grid’, the Community Enterprise is building
its own grid. Instead of being connected by powerlines and utility meters, it is instead
connected by knowledge and technical and social collaboration.

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G. FIGURES, TABLES, PHOTOS

Sample project of the enterprise’s members in Pa-Deng Community are as follows:

Fig 1: Biogas power generation 5 kW at Kong Somchit Fram (dairy cattle farm)
Utilization: electricity for milking process and biogas for milk heating

Cow dung

H2S Filter
Save diesel 4 litre
per day The 8 m3 digester can produce
biogas for replacing LPG 0.84 kg
per day (100% replacement)
*equivalent to GHG emission
2.5 kg per day

Generate electricity for household 6-8 hrs

Biogas Power Generator

2.5 kW

Fig 2: Biogas power generation 2.5 kW

Utilization: electricity for lighting & equipment and biogas for cooking
dairy cattle farm, feed cattle with Napier grass, use dung and food waste as main materials

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Fig 3: Biogas power generation 2.5 kW

Utilization: electricity for lighting & equipment and biogas for cooking
farmer’s house, use agricultural and food waste for as main materials

Fig 4: Solar PV power generation 120 W

Utilization: electricity for lighting & equipment

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Fig 5: Solar PV for water pumping and electricity

Fig 6: Solar PV for water pumping for agriculture

Solar PV 285 W, DC Motor 500 W 12-24 V, Battery 12 V 100 A

Fig 7: Solar PV for water pumping for agriculture

Solar PV 240 W, DC Motor 350 W 24 V, Battery 12 V 150 A

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