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Neurohistology
Anaxonic Neurons
Small, stellate (star-shaped) cells with processes
that all look alike with no apparent axon
Can be found in CNS, Retina, and Adrenal Medulla
CLASSIFICATION OF NEURONS
Lining
cavities of
Neural
Ependymal cell CNS central
tube
nervous
system
Macropha
Bone
Microglia CNS gic
marrow
activity
Myelin
productio
Neural
Schwann cell PNS n
tube
Electric
insulation
Protects
Neural
Satellite Cells PNS neuron
tube
cell bodies
NEUROGLIA
Non-neuronal cells of the CNS and the PNS
Arise from the neural tube and neural crest
Capable of cell division throughout life
Best revealed with gold and silver impregnation stains NERVE FIBERS
Consist of axons, dendrites, and their glial investments
CLASSIFICATION OF NEUROGLIA
Neuromelanin (Melanin)
Blackish intracytoplasmic pigment found in the
substantia nigra and locus ceruleus
It disappears from nigral neurons in patients who
have Parkinson disease
Lewy Bodies
Neuronal inclusions that are characteristic of
Parkinson disease
Negri Bodies
Intracytoplasmic inclusions that are pathognomonic
of rabies
Found in the pyramidal cells of the hippocampus
and the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum.
C Gray’s Anatomy 39/e, p. 56-57 Pseudo-unipolar neurons is seen in dorsal spinal nerve root
\ ganglion
3. Which of the following is/are true with synapses? 7. Myelin sheath of nerve fibres of CNS is
A. Synapse is composed of a presynaptic membrane formed by
of a nerve cell, a synaptic gap and a postsynaptic A. Schwann cells
membrane of another nerve cell. B. Astrocytes
B. Synaptic gap ois about 200 A and synaptic vessels
0 C. Oligodendrocytes
contain neurotransmitter D. Microglia
C. Presynapitic terminal contains several mitochondria
C Ref: Gray’s Anatomy 38/e, p. 940
D. All of the Above
Gitter or Hortega cell is a lipid laden microglial cell Ref:- IBS Embryology 7/e P-312-14; Langman's 9/e P- 443; IBS
commonly seen at the edge of healing brain infarcts. Histology 4/e p-164
It phagocytize lipid from necrotic or degenerating Explanation:-
brain cells. It is also known as compound granule Dorsal root ganglion or spinal ganglion are unipolar or
cell, gitterzelle (lattice or wire-net), mesoglia or pseudounipolar & Sympathetic or autonomic ganglion
perivesicular glial cell. is mulitpolar on section.
2. Following cells are responsible for the nourishment of Dorsal root (Sensory/Spinal) ganglion Autonomic
CNS (Sympathetic) ganglion
A. Astrocytes Consists of pseudo unipolar Q neuron Consists of
B. Oligodendrocytes multipolar neuron
C. Schwann cells -Has cell bodies of afferent neuron
D. Microglia -Neurons arranged in groups Q separated by nerve fibres
lying in group -Has cell bodies of efferent
Essentials of Human Anatomy, 3/e, A.K neurons
A
Datta vol 4, p. 23 -Neurons & nerve fibres are scattered
Large rounded cell body with central nucleus & a prominent
nucleolus Cell body is smaller & irregular with
eccentric nucleus and a prominent nucleolus
NERVE FIBERS
- Neurons of sensory (dorsal /posterior) spinal nerve root
1. Connective tissue surrounding nerve fibre is called ganglion, sympathetic (autonomic) ganglion & sensory
A. Epineurium, ganglion of 5th, 7th, 8th, 9th & 10th cranial nerve are
B. Perineurium, derived from neural crest.
C. Endoneurium - Some dorsal root ganglion cells contain small clumps
D. None of the above lipofuschin pigment.
HISTOLOGY OF CNS
C Gray’s Anatomy 39/e, p. 56
A. These are synaptic complexes in the granular layer C. Internal pyramidal cell layer (ganglionic layer)
of cerebellar cortex D. Multiform layer
B. At the center is a mossy fibre terminal
C. Mossy fibre terminal synapses with dendrites of Essentials of Human Anatomy, 3/e, A.K
C
granular golgi cells Datta vol 4 p.54
D. Axons of baskets cells also form synapses with
mossy fibre terminals at the glomerulus.