GIK INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY

Midterm Exam
Engineering Statistics – ES 202
Max. Marks: 30 Time Allotted: 1 Hour

Reg. No: -------------------------- Name: --------------------------------- Section: ------------

1. Let X be a discrete random variable with probability mass function given by

2
Pr(𝑋 = 𝑘) = 𝑓𝑋 (𝑘) = 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑘 = 0, 1, 2, … , ∞
3𝑘+1
a) What is the Range Set of X? (1 point)

b) Prove that given 𝑓𝑋 (𝑘) is a valid probability mass function by showing that following
two properties hold:

(i) 0 ≤ 𝑓𝑋 (𝑘) ≤ 1 for all k (ii) ∑∞

𝑘=0 𝑓𝑋 (𝑘) = 1 (1+2 points)

c) What is the cumulative distribution function 𝐹𝑋 (𝑘) = Pr(𝑋 ≤ 𝐾) of X? (2 points)

d) Calculate Pr(𝑋 ≤ 2) , Pr(𝑋 < 2) , Pr(𝑋 ≥ 2) , and Pr(𝑋 = 2). (4 points)

2. An electric power transmission system has 10 electric generators connected to it. For
safety reasons, the transmission system automatically shuts down if more than 2
generators malfunction and stop working. Each generator has 4 electro-mechanical
relay components. The generator will keep working as long as at least 3 of 4 relays
keep working. The probability that a relay will malfunction during operation is 0.2.

a) What is the probability that a generator will malfunction and stops working during
operation due to a relay problem? (3 points)

b) What is the probability that more than 2 generators will stop working due to relay
problem? (5 points)

c) What is the probability that transmission system will not shut down due to generator
malfunction? (2 points)

3. The time T (in hours) to fully recharge a battery is a random function with following
distribution function:

0, 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡<0
⎧ 2
⎪ α𝑡 , 𝑓𝑜𝑟 0 ≤ 𝑡 < 2
𝐹𝑇 (t) = Pr(𝑇 ≤ 𝑡) = 𝑡
⎨ , 𝑓𝑜𝑟 2 ≤ 𝑡 < 4
⎪4
⎩1, 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡≥4

a) Find the probability density function (p.d.f.) of T. (3 points)

b) Find the value of α. (3 points)

c) Calculate average time a battery takes to fully recharge. (4 points)