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Hartrnut
Drogan,
Siemens
Power
Generation
The highly efficient single-shaft GUD power plant design with the Model V64.3A gas turbine is opti-
mized to reduce life cycle cost and to lower environmental emissions.
It achieves an output of more 100 MW at a gross efficiency of about 54% nad serves the power
generation as well as the cogeneration market.
The flexible plant design allows for customized solutions to be designed for meeting user-specific
demands. Furthermore trought its many years of supplying turnkey power projects, Siemens is expe-
rienced in providing additional services such as project development and financing as well as oper-
ation and maintenance.
Key words:
STRU^NI RAD
REZIME
U cilju smanjenja tro{kova proizvodnje i zaga|enja okoline optimizirana je visokoefektivna GUD ener-
gana sa jednim vratilom i sa gasnom turbinom modela V64.3A.
Ova energana posti`e izlaznu snagu od 100 MW uz ukupnu efikasnost od 54% i slu`i za proizvod-
nju energije i opskrbu drugih energetskih proizvo|a~a.
Fleksibilna izvedba energane omogu}uje da se uobi~ajena rje{enja dizajniraju tako da se mo`e udo-
voljiti specifi~nim zahtjevima korisnika. [tavi{e, godinama rade}i na projektovanju energana po prin-
cipu "klju~ u ruke", Siemens je stekao iskustvo u pru`anju dodatnih usluga kao {to su razvoj i finan-
siranje projekta , kao i funkcioniranje i odr`avanje energana.
Klju~ne rije~i:
UVOD
1.
1.
INTRODUCTION
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Ma{instvo 2(2), 85 - 92, (1998) H. DROGAN: GUD 1S.64.3A ADVANCED 100 MW...
Figure 1. Model V64.3A advanced 70 MW gas turbine
Slika 1. Model V64.3A gasne turbine od 70 MW
2.
V64.3A
GAS
TURBINE
DESING 2.
KONSTRUKCIJA
GASNE
TURBINE
V64.3A
The V64.3A gas turbine is derived from the V64.3
gas turbine. The 5400 rpm model V64.3 was Model V64.3A gasne turbine je izveden iz modela
introduced in 1990. as the first of Siemens Vx4.3 V64.3. Model V64.3 sa 5400 ob/min uveden je 1990.
gas turbine family designed for a gas turbine inlet godine kao prvi iz Simensove familije gasnih turbina
temperature 1120 oC (according to ISO 2314) Vx4.3 koja je konstruirana za ulaznu temperaturu od
and rated at 60 MW. Equipped with a reduction 1120 oC (prema ISO 2314) sa snagom od 60 MW.
gear to be connected either toa 50 or 60 Hz Opremljena sa zup~astim reduktorom preko kojeg se
generator it achieves a simple cycle efficiency of spaja sa generatorom od 50 ili 60 Hz, ova familija ost-
35,2%. varuje efikasnost po ciklusu u iznosu od 35,2 %.
In 1993. Siemens sterted the development of the Godine 1993. Siemens je otpo~eo sa razvojem nove
new Vx4.3A gas turbine family for 50/60 Hz sys- familije gasnih turbina Vx4.3A za sustave od 50/60
tems and at the beginning of 1994. for the Hz. Po~etkom 1994. godine uspostavljen je zajed-
smailest member of the family - the V64.3A model ni~ki razvojni projekat izme|u Siemens i Ansaldo
(figure 1.) a joint development project between kompanija za konstrukciju najmanjeg ~lana ove famil-
Siemens and Ansaldo was established. ije, odnosno modela V64.3A (slika1).
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Ma{instvo 2(2), 85 - 92, (1998) H. DROGAN: GUD 1S.64.3A ADVANCED 100 MW...
The V64.3A model operating ot 90 Hz is a scaled Model V64.3A koji radi na 90 Hz je izveden iz ve}ih
down gas turbine derived from the larger 50 Hz modela sa 50 i 60 Hz. Njegova konstrukcija se zas-
and 60 Hz models. It is based on the same well niva na istim, dokazano dobrim, principima dizajni-
proven major desing principles of the Vx4.2 and ranja primijenjenim na familijama Vx4.2 i Vx4.3, kao
Vx4.3 familiy as: {to su:
As many components as possible were taken from Iz postoje}e V64.3 ma{ine uzeto je {to je mogu}e
the existing V64.3 engine while eliminating the exter- vi{e komponenata uz istovremenu eliminaciju vanj-
nal cooling air and booster system. This significant skog zraka za hla|enje i sustava za pokretanje. Ovaj
development step was possible by utilisation of Pratt zna~ajan razvojni korak je bio omogu}en primjenom
& Whitnwy's aero engine technology for the turbine Pratt&Whitnwy tehnologije zra~nih ma{ina za hla|enje
blade cooling. lopatica turbina.
The simple cycle gross electrical output of the Ukupna izlazna elektri~na snaga ciklusa ove nove
new gas turbine amounts to 70 MW, at ISO con- gasne turbine iznosi 70 MW pri ISO uvjetima rada
ditions, with a gross efficiency of 36,5% and Nox sa ukupnom efikasno{}u od 36,5%, uz Nox emisi-
emission lower than 35 ppm. ju manju od 35 ppm (funti u minuti).
3.
MAXIMUM
EFFICIENCY OF
3.
MAKSIMALNA EFIKASNOST ENER-
COMBINED CYCLE
PLANTS GANA KOMBINIRANOG CIKLUSA
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Ma{instvo 2(2), 85 - 92, (1998) H. DROGAN: GUD 1S.64.3A ADVANCED 100 MW...
Combined cycle blocks equipped with the Blokovi kombiniranog ciklusa opremljeni sa
advanced V64.3A gas turbines are capable of pobolj{anim V64.3A gasnim turbinama u mogu}nosti
achleving a gross electrical efficiency of about 54% su da postignu ukupnu elektri~nu efikasnost oko 54%
at ISO conditions. In cogeneration applications affi- pri ISO uvjetima. U operacijama zajedni~kog generi-
ciencies (fuel usage factors) of about 90% are pos- ranja energije mogu}e su efikasnosti (zavisno od
sible. This plant performance is the most compet- kori{tenog goriva) u iznosu od oko 90 %. Performanse
itive for a 100 MW rated combined cycle power ove energane su trenutno tr`i{no najkompetitivnije u
unit offered on the market today. rangu energana kombiniranog ciklusa snage 100 MW.
GENERAL
4. BENEFITS
OF SINGLE
4.
OP]E PREDNOSTI GUD
ENERGANA
SHAFT GUD POWER
PLANTS SA JEDNIM VRATILOM
The standard GUD 1S.64.3A single-shaft combined Standardna GUD 1S.64.3A energana kombiniranog
cycle power plant can be built in less than two ciklusa sa jednim vratilom mo`e se izgraditi za
years thereby maximizing the project returns to the manje od dvije godine tako da se sredstva ulo`ena
plant owner. u projekat brzo vra}aju vlasniku energane.
5.
GUD
1S.64.3A
POWER BLOCK
IZVEDBE
5. I
PREDNOSTI
GUD
FEATURES AND BENEFITS 1S.64.3A
ENERGETSKOG BLOKA
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Ma{instvo 2(2), 85 - 92, (1998) H. DROGAN: GUD 1S.64.3A ADVANCED 100 MW...
Figure 2. GUD 1S.64.3A block schematic; dual pressure steam cycle
Slika 2. [ema bloka GUD 1S.64.3A; ciklus pare dvojnog pritiska
Figure 3. Typical warm start of a 100 MW, single shaft block
Slika 3. Toplo pokretanje bloka sa jednim vratilom od 100 MW
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Ma{instvo 2(2), 85 - 92, (1998) H. DROGAN: GUD 1S.64.3A ADVANCED 100 MW...
A sybchronous between the generator and steam tur- Da bi se na optimalan na~in postigla sinhronizacija
bine the gas turbine plus generator to be started up izme|u generatora i parne turbine, kao i gasne tur-
in an optimum manner the gas turbine is initially bine i generatora, gasna turbina u po~etku radi u
operated in the simple-cycle mode while warming the prostom ciklusu ~ime se zagrijava generator pare
heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), pipework and (HRSG), cijevi i ventili parne turbine sve dok se ne
steam turbine valves before the steam turbine shaft ubrza vratilo parne turbine. Spojka se automatski
is acoelerated. The clutch automatically engages uklju~uje u trenutku kada se vratilo parne turbine
when the steam turbine shaft revolves at the same okre}e istom brzinom kao vratilo generatora. Nakon
speed as the generator shaft. Then the steam turbine toga se parna turbina mo`e opteretiti (slika 3).
can be loaded (figure 3.). Also, this arrangement Tako|e, ovakva izvedba zajedno sa stopostotnim baj-
together with the 100% steam btpass systems pro- pas-sustavom za paru omogu}uje maksimalnu radnu
vides for maximum operating flexibility of the plant. fleksibilnost energane.
The gas turbine at the one end of the single- Standardna izvedba modela V63.3A predstavlja gasnu
shaft arrangement is a standard Model V63.3A turbinu koja se nalazi na jednom kraju konfiguracije
desing with an extended axial diffuser which can sa jednim vratilom i ima aksijalni difuzor koji se
be directly connected in line with any type of mo`e direktno povezati u liniju sa bilo kojim tipom
HRSG. HRSG.
The TLRI generator is rated 140 MVA, 10,5 kV at Generator TLRI daje 140 MVA i 10.5 kV pri rash-
a coolant temperature of 40 oC. It has a horizontal ladnoj temperaturi od 40 oC. On ima horizontalno
split casing with a MICALASTIC-insulated stator rastavljivo ku}i{te sa MICALASTIC-izoliranim statorom
winding which ensures exceptionally high operat- koji omogu}uje izuzetno visoku operativnu pouz-
ing reliability with low maintenance requirements. danost i male zahtjeve za odr`avanjem.
The singe casing reverse flow steam turbine at the Parna turbina sa povratnim tokom mo`e se na dru-
other end shaft can be supplied with various gom kraju vratila dodatno opremiti raznim
extraction points to meet the customer's neds for izuzima~ima pare u cilju zadovoljenja potreba
any process steam and district heating demands. kupaca pare za proizvodne procese ili za zagrija-
The desing of the frame mounted turbine allows vanje. Izvedba turbine postavljene na okviru
the use of a simple axial diffuser which is con- omogu}uje upotrebu jednostavnog aksijalnog difuzo-
nected directly to an axial-flow staem condenser. ra koji se direktno spaja sa parnim kondenzatorom
This configuration minimizes the steam turbine aksijalnog toka. Ovakva konfiguracija minimizira
exhaust losses. gubitke parne turbine na izlazu.
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Ma{instvo 2(2), 85 - 92, (1998) H. DROGAN: GUD 1S.64.3A ADVANCED 100 MW...
6.
GUD
POWER
PLANT
LAYOUT 6.
IZGLED
GUD
ENERGANE
The 70-ton traveling crane spans the 20-m-wide Pokretna dizalica nosivosti 70 tona koja se kre}e
main bay and runs the fuil 48 m length of the du` 20 m {irine potpuno opslu`uje svih 48 m du`ine
building. It has the capacity to lift the complete gas zgrade. On ima dovoljnu nosivost da podigne kom-
turbine into the proper position and is used for all pletnu gasnu turbinu na potrebnu visinu i koristi se
inspection on the steam turbine as well. Such a tako|e za sve preglede parne turbine. Tako velika
high-capacity crane shortens the initial erection time nosivost dizalice skra}uje po~etno vrijeme podizanja
and later maintenance outages to an absolute min- i naknadne zastoje radi odr`avanja na minimum. Pri
imum. For major inspection of the 180 ton gener- generalnom pregledu 180 tona te{kog generatora,
ator, it is moved sideways on sliding bars out of on se pomjera izvan prenosa ustranu po kliznim
the power train until the rotor can be pulled by polugama , a rotor se mo`e izvu}i pomo}u pokretne
means of the travelling crane. dizalice.
The single shaft train machinery is located at a Vratilo agregata je smje{teno relativno nisko tj.
low elevation with its axis only 2,4 m above grade. osa vratila je na visini od samo 2,4 m iznad pod-
This obviates the necessity for a costly high bay loge. Ovo otklanja potrebu izgradnje skupih visok-
foundation. Instead, the generator rests on a wall- ih temelja za halu. Generator stoji na svojim
type foundation, whereas the gas turbine and the temeljima, dok su s druge strane gasna i parna
steam turbine are mounted on grade level, which turbina postavljene na zemlji {to smanjuje
reduces costs and shortens the time needed to tro{kove i skra}uje vrijeme izgradnje hale i instali-
construct the building and to install the equipment. ranja opreme. Po{to nema podzemnih prostorija,
Since there is no basemant, a pit is provided to obezbije|ena je rupa u koju se smje{taju kon-
accommodate the main condensate pumps suffi- denz pumpe dovoljno nisko ispod kondenzatora
ciently below the condenser hotwell to ensure sat- da bi se osigurala zadovoljavaju}a ekstrakcija
isfactory condensate extraction. kondenzata.
Except for the power train lube oil skid, the gas tur- Osim opreme za podmazivanje prenosa , sva osta-
bine auxiliary systems are located in pre-assembled la pomo}na oprema gasne turbine nalazi se u
containers, which rest on foundations outside the monta`nim objektima na sopstvenim temeljima izvan
turbine hall. hale turbine.
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Ma{instvo 2(2), 85 - 92, (1998) H. DROGAN: GUD 1S.64.3A ADVANCED 100 MW...
Figure 4. GUD 1S.64.3A block arrangement; longitudinal view
Slika 4. Izgled bloka GUD 1S.64.3A; pogled uzdu` bloka
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