1.

An important quantity which is useful in circuit analysis is known as

conductance G (Siemens). Which of the formulas A to D expresses the
conductance for this circuit?
A. G = 1 / R
B. G = 2 R
C. G = I / R
D. G = R * V

2. In terms of instrumentation and measurement, what is an I/P Transducer?

A. A transducer that converts a known electric current to a
pressure proportional to the current.
B. A transducer that increases a pressure signal which is too low
to give the desired effect.
C. A transducer that is inverting a pressure signal.
D. A transducer that converts a pressure to a proportional electric
signal.

3. Measuring instruments must be routinely calibrated. What is the meant by

instrument calibration?
A. Comparing input and output values against a documented
standard
B. Comparing two instruments of the same type
C. Adjusting size to fit process connection
D. Turning gauge too an easy reading position

4. Thermistors are temperature sensitive devices. A positive temperature

coefficient thermistor will typically have
A. Relatively non linear characteristic
B. Relatively linear characteristic
C. Inaccurate measurement
D. Variable reliability
5. This block diagram illustrates an elementary control system. What is the
common name for this type of system?
A. Closed loop feed back system
B. Open loop feed back system
C. Feed forward system
D. Scmitt trigger

6. Transducers are devices which translate the value of one measured value
into diferent measurement units (for instance units of temperature to
ducer?
A. The difference between possible maximum and minimum
measurement
B. The maximum output signal
C. The type of measurement
D. The maximum length of the connecting leads

7. What is a ZENER BARRIER?

A. A zener barrier is a unit made to obtain intrinsic safety in
installations for instrumentation in hazardous areas.
B. A zener barrier is a device which limits the current drawn
byan induction motor.
C. A zener barrier is a diode bridge used in rectifiers.
D. A zener barrier is a device that allows the current to pass only
one direction.

8. What is the resistance value of this resistor:

A. 10 M ohm
B. 230 k ohm
C. 2,3 k ohm
D. 68 k ohm
9. What type of component does this graphical symbol illustrate?
A. Pressure-reducing regulator.
B. Pressure relief valve
C. Pressure switch
D. Flow controller

10. What will be the probable outcome, if the amplification is set too high on a
temperature controller?
A. The process will oscillate and get out of control
B. Nothing
C. The process response will be very slow
D. The set-point will change

11. Which component does this graphical symbol illustrate?

A. Pressure indicator, installed on panel/console
B. Pressure instument, installed locally
C. Pressure relief valve, self-contained
D. PH analyzer

12. Which of the following instruments is normally part of a control-loop?

A. Transducer
B. Indicator
C. Plotter
D. Gauge

13. Which of the following systems will include a D/P transmitter in the
control-loop
A. Pressure
B. Temperature
C. Smoke indication
D. Oil mist
14. Why is it important that a transmitter has been correctly installed at the
correct location
A. The control system is depending on the best possible process
signal
B. It is important to have easy access to the transmitter for
maintenance
C. It must be easy to observe for troubleshooting
D. Can be installed anywhere in the piping system

15. A resistor has three red bands. If they all carry information about
resistance value as opposed to tolerance, what is the indicated resistance?
A. 2200 ohm
B. 22 ohm
C. 222 ohm
D. 220 ohm

16. A thermistor may be used to measure temperature. Which of the following

descriptions most accurately describes this device?
A. Temp sensitive semi-conductor
B. Junction of two dissimilar metals
C. Capacitance probe
D. Platinium wire resistor

17. During routine checking of alarm functions of main and auxiliary

equipment, some setpoints are cancelled due to a mistake. What is the
appropriate routine to ensure correct setpoints are set?
A. Consult with the instruction manual for the equipment in
question for correct values.
B. Ask your colleague if he remembers the correct setpoint
C. Check from previous records for correct values
D. Select a setpoint based on present condition allowing for a
reasonable safety margin.
18. In installations of INTRINSICALLY SAFE equipment it is required that
all cabling should be separated from non-intrinsically safe equipment, and
(where colour coding is relied upon) to be of a special colour. What
colour is that?
A. Blue
B. Green/yellow
C. Red
D. Orange

19. In measurement systems there is often a need to specify performance

characteristics. One such characteristic may be referred to as 'dead band'.
What is the definition of DEAD BAND?
A. The change needed in the input signal to produce a change
in the output signal.
B. The change in the output signal produced by a certain
change in the input signal.
C. The largest difference in the output signal for the same
change in the input signal.
D. A missing electrical signal with no output.

20. In measurement systems, which of the listed sensors is suitable for

physical displacement?
A. Strain gauge
B. Thermocouple
C. Thermistor
D. Pt 500

21. In terms of electronic hardware, what is the meaning of the abbreviation

PCB?
A. Printed Circuit Board
B. Power Control Bridge
C. Positive Colour Board
D. Positive Current Biased
22. In terms of instrumentation and measurement, what is a digital signal?
A. A signal with discrete levels such as 0 = "low" and 1 = "High"
B. A signal indicating Revolutions per minute (RPM)
C. A signal used by multimeters to measure resistance.
D. The reading of a multimeter when indicating voltage, current
or resistance.

23. It is common practice to connect a resistor over an alarm contact (see

diagram) in many applications. Why is this connection used?
A. To monitor the cable/wires for break.
B. To avoid sparks on the contacts when opening and closing.
C. To stabilise power consumption.
D. Enable measuring the total resistance of the circuit.

24. Measurement and transmission of electronic values may be in the form of

digital or analogue signals. What is an analogue signal?
A. A continually variable electric signal.
B. A measure of electric current or voltage
C. A measure of voltage using an oscilloscope.
D. A stable electric signal.

25. P = U x I x Root of 3) x cos (fi) What is the formula for I ?

A. Formula 1
B. Formula 2
C. Formula 3
D. Formula 4

26. PT-100 sensors are some times used with 3 or 4 wires. What is the reason
for this?
A. Higher measuring accuracy.
B. Higher mechanical strength of the cable.
C. Because of power-consumption.
D. For fault indication.
27. Radio frequency signals can carry information from one place to another if
they are modulated. There are several ways to modulate a carrier. Which
modulating method is illustrated here?
A. Amplitude modulation (AM)
B. Frequency modulation (FM)
C. Pulse-width modulation (PWM)
D. Pulse-code modulation (PCM)

28. Some areas of ships require that any electrical equipment used must be
intrinsically safe. What is meant by being intrinsically safe?
A. Can not produce enough energy to ignite a gas (explode)?
B. Electric wiring executed by approved manufacture?
C. Any electrical product, being water resistant?
D. Explosion proof product having a special wiring system?

29. Some equipment may be marked with the following symbol: What does it
mean?
A. Intrinsically safe.
B. Explosion proof.
C. Internally explosion proof.
D. Not safe in gas dangerous area.

30. The circuit consists of two inductors, L(1) = 6 H and L(2) = 12H,
connected in parallel. Calculate the equivalent L(S) of the two inductors.
A. L(S) = 4H
B. L(S) = 18 H
C. L(S) = 1,5 H
D. L(S) = 0,667H
31. The figures show a graphical symbol for a particular electronic
component and a typical operating characteristic for the same. Which
component?
A. Transistor
B. Tunnel diode
C. Thyristor
D. Zener diode

32. The figures show a graphical symbol for a particular electronic component
and a typical operating characteristic for the same component. Which
component?
A. Triac
B. Zener diode
C. Tunnel diode
D. Field effect transistor

33. The physical size of a resistor is an indicator of what aspect of it's

specification?
A. Power dissipation capability
B. Total resistance
C. Resistivity
D. Tolerance

34. The range of a transducer is 0-200 bar. The output signal is 4-20 mA.
What is the span of the output signal?
A. 16 mA
B. 20 mA
C. 24 mA
D. 4 mA
35. Thermocouples are often used for measuring temperatures. Which of the
following descriptions explains the principle of operation of a
thermocouple?
A. A junction between two dissimilar metals generates a
small voltage.
B. A semi-conductor device that exhibits a negative
coefficient of resistance with temperature.
C. A resistance device that exhibits a positive coefficient
of resistance with temperature.
D. A quartz crystal that changes its resonant frequency
with temperature.

36. This circuit is widely used for rectification of AC into DC. Which of the
diagrams is correct for the out- put voltage when the input voltage is sine-
shaped as shown?
A. Figure 1
B. Figure 2
C. Figure 3
D. Figure 4

37. This circuit consists of two capacitors, C(1) = 6 µF and C(2) = 12 µF, in
series. Calculate the equivalent C(S) of the two capacitors.
A. C(S) = 4 µF
B. C(S) =2µF
C. C(S)=1,5µF
D. C(S) =18µF

38. This circuit consists of two resistances, R1 = 6 ohm and R2 = 12 ohm ,

connected in series. Calculate the equivalent resistance R(S) .
A. R(S) =18 ohm
B. R(S) = 4 ohm
C. R(S) = 72 ohm
D. R(S) =1,5 ohm
39. This circuit consists of two resistances, R(1)= 12 ohm and R(2) = 6 ohm,
connected in parallel. Calculate the equivalent value R(S) of the two
resistances.
A. R(S)= 4 ohm
B. R(S) =18 ohm
C. R(S)=2ohm
D. R(S) =1,5 ohm

40. This circuit is a logic gate with two input signals, A and B, and one output
signal Q. Which type of logic function does the gate perform?
A. NOR gate
B. NAND gate
C. OR gate
D. AND gate

41. This graphical symbol is a logic gate with truth table. Which gate?
A. OR
B. AND
C. NOR
D. NAND

42. This is the graphical symbol and truth table for a logic gate. Which gate?
A. NOR
B. NAND
C. OR
D. AND

43. This resistor has the value of 68 k ohm. Which colour code should be
marked on the rings (assume ring d is the tolerance ring)?
A. a. blue b. grey c. orange
B. a. black b. red c. orange
C. a. violet b. green c. yellow
D. a. red b. black c. yellow
44. Two reference points for pressure exist, absolute zero and atmospheric
pressure. What is the common name pressures measured relative to
atmospheric pressure?
A. Gauge pressure
B. Atmospheric pressure
C. Absolute pressure
D. Pressure drop

45. Use Kirchoff's voltage law and Ohm's law to calculate the voltage V2
across the resistance R2.
A. 4,5V
B. 0,75V
C. 6V
D. 2V

46. What can be measured by means of a manometer?

A. Pressure
B. Strain
C. Temperature
D. Motion

47. What function is this operational amplifier circuit performing?

A. Inverting amplifier
B. Non-inverting amplifier
C. Integrator
D. Differentiator
48. What is the difference between a PRESSURE SWITCH and a PRESSURE
TRANSMITTER, if any?
A. The pressure switch has contact(s) that will change
between open and closed position.The pressure
transmitter converts a pressure signal into an electric
signal.
B. There is no difference.
C. The pressure switch gives out an analogue signal
depending on the switch setting.The pressure
transmitter gives out a binary signal depending on the
pressure.
D. The pressure switch gives out a digital signal
dependent on pressure and temperature.The pressure
transmitter converts a pressure signal to a digital
signal.

49. What is the main difference between a THERMOSTAT and a

TEMPERATURE TRANSMITTER, if any?
A. The thermostat has one or more contacts (open or
closed) depending on the temperature/setting. The
temperature transmitter converts a temperature signal
to an electric signal.
B. There is no difference.
C. The thermostat gives out an analogue signal depending
on the switch setting. The temperature transmitter
gives out a binary signal depending on the temperature.
D. The temperature transmitter is a digital component
while the thermostat is an analogue component.
50. What type of signal output is derived from a NiCr/Ni thermocouple?
A. mV.
B. Ohm.
C. mA.
D. Watt

51. When a diode is used to convert AC to DC, it is usually referred to as

which of the following?
A. Rectifier
B. Controller
C. Alternator
D. Regulator

52. When measuring level of liquids with a differential pressure meter, the
name of the sensing device is:
A. Pressure diaphragm
B. Float
C. Capacitance probe
D. Positive displacement tube

53. When calibrating a pressure transducer we have to adjust both SPAN and
ZERO. Please indicate in which order these adjustments should be done.
A. First Zero adjustment and the Span adjustment. Then
Zero should be rechecked.
B. First Span adjustment and then Zero adjustment. After
that Span setting should be checked again.
C. First Span adjustment and then Zero adjustment. Then
do not adjust anything.
D. The order of adjustment is of no importance.
54. When calibrating an instrument what is the most common first step in the
procedure ?
A. Adjustment of Zero-point
B. Adjustment of span
C. Adjustment of range
D. Adjustment of linearity

55. When calibrating an instrument what is the most common second step in
the procedure?
A. Check linearity
B. Adjustment of span
C. Adjustment of range
D. Adjustment of Zero-point

56. When measuring flow of fluids with a fixed area flow meter, the name of
the sensing device is?
A. Orifice plate
B. Float
C. Turbine rotor
D. Positive displacement rotor

57. Which component does this graphical symbol illustrate?

A. Resistance temperature sensor
B. Potentiometer
C. Thermocouple
D. Triac

58. Which device does this graphical symbol illustrate?

A. Remote level controller with indicator
B. Local level controller with indicator
C. Level switch for centre-tank
D. Low carbon incinerator
59. Which diagram is the symbol for a THYRISTOR?
A. Figure 2.
B. Figure 1.
C. Figure 3:
D. Figure 4.

60. Which electronic component does this graphical symbol illustrate?

A. Bipolar transistor
B. Silicon controlled rectifier
C. Diode
D. Field Effect Transistor

61. Which electronic component does this graphical symbol represent:

A. Resistor, 3300 ohms
B. Electric heater, 3.3 kilowatts
C. Capacitor, 3.3 Uf
D. Inductive reactor, 3.3 kH

62. Which electronic component does this graphical symbol represent?

A. Capacitor
B. Transformer
C. Resistance
D. Temperature sensor

63. Which electronic component does this graphical symbol represent?

A. Potentiometer, 10 kilo-ohms
B. Variable electrical heater, 10 kilo-watts
C. Auto transformer,10kVA
D. Variable inductive reactor
64. Which electronic component does this graphical symbol represent?
A. Transistor
B. Silicon controlled rectifier
C. Diode
D. Tunnel diode

65. Which electronic component is this graphical symbol illustrating:

A. Zener diode
B. Transistor
C. Silicon controlled rectifier
D. Triac

66. Which electronic component or system of components does this graphical

symbol illustrate ?
A. Inverter
B. Battery charger
C. Low pass filter
D. Auto transformer

67. Which electronic component or system of components is this graphical

symbol illustrating:
A. Operational amplifier
B. Electronic counter
C. Flip-flop
D. Cathode ray tube

68. Which function is this operational amplifier performing?

A. Non-inverting amplifier
B. Inverting amplifier
C. Integrator
D. Differentiator
69. Which of the 4 alternatives shows the symbol for a PNP transistor?
A. Figure 2.
B. Figure 1.
C. Figure 3.
D. Figure 4.

70. Which of the following detectors is commonly used for sensing if a

watertight steel door is closed or open?
A. Proximity switch
B. Synchro
C. Strain gauge
D. Transducer

71. Which of the following detectors would you choose for measuring the
torque of a steel shaft?
A. Strain gauge
B. Ultrasonic gauge
C. Synchro
D. Pyrometer

72. Which of the following letter combinations represents a flow indicating

controller on a process and instrumentation diagram
A. FIC
B. LIR
C. FLO
D. FIR

73. Which of the following letter combinations represents a temperature

controller on a process and instrumentation diagram?
A. TC
B. TIC
C. PIC
D. FIC
74. Which type temperature sensors are shown on the picture?
A. Resistance sensors
B. Thermocouple sensors
C. Thermistors type NTC
D. Thermistor type PTC

75. A 450 volt 3 phase brushless alternator will have the following
combination of items mounted on the rotor:
A. 3 phase excitation winding/rectifier bank/main field
winding
B. 3 phase excitation winding/ main field winding
C. 1 phase excitation field winding/rectifier bank/main
field winding
D. Excitation field winding/main field winding

76. A second alternator has just been synchronized onto the main
switchboard, and it is necessary to equally share the load between the
"running" and incoming alternators. What should be done first?
A. Raise the governor speed controller of the incoming
alternator and reduce the governor speed controller of
the alternator already on the switchboard
B. Adjust voltage rheostat for the incoming alternator on
the front of the switchboard
C. Lower the governor speed controller of the incoming
alternator and increase the governor speed controller of
the alternator already on the switchboard
D. Trip the circuit breaker of the incoming alternator and
check the voltage and speed adjustments before trying
again
77. After successful synchronising an incoming machine the kW and kVar
loading are respectively transferred by the following controls:
A. Speed governor and voltage regulator
B. Current regulator and voltage regulator
C. Voltage regulator and synchroscope
D. Speed governor and load power factor

78. Alteration of the excitation voltage (or field current) of one alternator
operating in parallel, will cause which change in that alternators output:
A. Reactive load (kVAR)
B. Active load (kW)
C. Frequency
D. None of the mentioned alternatives

79. Before taking insulation resistance readings of generator windings the

automatic voltage regulators should be isolated and all semiconductor
short circuited or disconnected in order to:
A. Prevent damage to sensitive electronic components
from high voltage tester
B. Protect insulation resistance tester and leads from
being damaged
C. Prevent charging of capacitive components within the
automatic voltage regulator causing false regulation
when generator restarts
D. Prevent operation of automatic voltage regulator
during insulation testing
80. Consider a 450 volt, 859 kW rated generator has not been in operation for
several weeks. Prior to starting, insulation resistance readings are taken.
The minimum acceptable insulation resistance reading on the main stator
winding to allow you to proceed with running the generator is:
A. 1 000 000 Ohms
B. 10 Ohms
C. 1000 Ohms
D. 10 000 Ohms

81. Consider generator 1 and 2 to be initially working in parallel. If prime-

mover 2 suffers a total fuel loss what is the likely outcome?
A. No.2 generator trips on reverse power
B. Generator set 2 trips on reverse speed
C. No.1 machine overloads and trips out on overspeed
D. No.1 machine overspeeds and trips out on overload

82. Due to failure of one of the carbon brushes the excitation voltage is lost on
one alternator that is operating in parallel. Will that alternator then:
A. Completely lose its share of the load causing the
auxiliary engine to speed up
B. Overload due to reduced voltage output and increased
current
C. Continue to share the active load (kW) but have very
high reactive load (kVAR)
D. Try to take all the load and so trip the main circuit
breaker
83. During regular inspection of alternator windings it is found that windings
are always covered with a heavy oil film coming from the atmosphere
surrounding the auxiliary engine. After cleaning with an approved solvent,
what should be done?
A. Improve material of intake air filters
B. Take no additional action
C. Blank off intake air filters
D. Reinsulate the windings after each cleaning

84. Electrical generators must provide electrical power at a steady, regulated

voltage. Automatic voltage regulators are used to control the output
voltage of alternators at varying load conditions, by which of the
alternative actions shown below?
A. Varying the excitation field strength by regulating
excitation voltage/current
B. Regulating the voltage signal to the engine governor to
regulate the speed to the desired load condition
C. Supplying variable current to compounding and no
load transformers in the alternator stator winding
circuit
D. All of the mentioned alternatives

85. For ideal synchronising as the incomer circuit breaker contacts make, the
phase angle difference between the incomer e.m.f. and the busbar voltage
should be:
A. 0°
B. 30° behind
C. 90° lag
D. 30° ahead
86. Generators must be synchronised before they can operate in parallel.
During synchronising, the incoming generator should be running slightly
"fast" compared to the bus bar frequency. This is to ensure that the:
A. Incoming machine picks up as a generator
B. Most rapid synchronising action is achieved
C. Incomers reverse power trip is tested
D. Incomer picks up as a motor

87. Generators work on the principle of electromagnetic induction. The

internal e.m.f. generated in the phase windings of an a.c. generator is
controlled by:
A. The diesel speed and excitation current.
B. The internal volt drop and the load current.
C. The diesel speed, magnetising force and load current.
D. The internal volt drop and the residual magnetism.

88. Great care must be taken when manually paralleling two or more
alternators. At which point would you engage the main circuit breaker of
the incoming alternator when paralleling two alternators?
A. With the pointer of the synchroscope moving slowly
clockwise and almost at 0° (12 O'clock) or both
synchronizing lamps dark (off)
B. With the pointer of the synchronizer stopped at any
position and both synchronizing lamps bright (on)
C. With the pointer of the synchroscope rotating fast and
both synchronizing lamps flashing on and off
D. With the pointer of the synchroscope stopped at 0 (12
O'clock) or both synchronising lights bright
89. If the A.C. line current in a generator stator is doubled, the heating effect
in the stator windings will:
A. Quadruple
B. Remain about the same.
C. Half.
D. Double.

90. It is possible to operate two similar generators in parallel at equal power

(kW) but at different power factors. The generator with lower power factor
will run:
A. Hotter due to increased current
B. Slower due to increased current
C. Faster due to increased voltage
D. Cooler due to increased speed

91. Regular (at least weekly) testing of the emergency generator must be
performed to check:
A. Its readiness to perform as specified.
B. Its environmental noise factor during emergency fire-
drills.
C. Its voltage/current and prime mover characteristics.
D. Its compliance with the shipbuilder's
recommendations.

92. Ship's generators must be synchronised before they can be connected to

the same supply network. Prior to synchronising, the generator voltage and
frequency are respectively adjusted by:
A. AVR and speed governor
B. Voltmeter and frequency meter
C. Speed governor and load power factor controller
D. Synchroscope and speed governor
93. The internal e.m.f. generated in the phase windings of a lightly loaded a.c.
generator is controlled by:
A. The prime mover speed and excitation current.
B. The internal volt drop and the load current.
C. The prime mover and load current.
D. The internal volt drop and the residual magnetism.

94. The power requirements for the excitation winding/circuit for a 3-phase
alternator operating at rated output power are supplied by:
A. The alternators output itself via the automatic voltage
regulator and the prime mover
B. Independent battery supply with the AVR
C. Independent power supply and rectifier unit
D. The main switchboard via a three phase rectifier

95. The speed of ship's generator is regulated by the governor. A 10%

reduction in generator speed occurs due to a faulty governor. The likely
consequence for all motors powered from this generator is to:
A.
B. Increase motor power by about 10%
C. Increase motor speed by about 10%
D. Reduce motor volt drop by about 10%

96. The two instruments necessary for generator synchronising are:

A. Voltmeter and synchroscope
B. kW meter and frequency meter
C. Amp-meter and volt-meter
D. Synchroscope and kVar-meter
97. Two alternators are operating in parallel at 75% load capacity, but then
one of them trips without any warning. What is the first action that should
be taken?
A. Trip/stop all nonessential loads that are connected to
the switchboard
B. Check the circuit breaker of the tripped alternator
C. Restart and connect the tripped alternator immediately
D. Start and connect the emergency alternator

98. Under normal conditions, the electric power for services supplied from the
emergency switchboard is supplied from:
A. The main generating plant.
B. Emergency batteries
C. An emergency battery charger.
D. A compressed air driven generator.

99. What determines the power factor of an alternator when it is connected

singularly to the switchboard?
A. The load connected to the switchboard
B. The generated voltage and AVR setting
C. The excitation voltage
D. Number of pairs of pole coils in the excitation winding

100. What is the purpose of the alternator reverse power trip?

A. To prevent the alternator from "motoring" by being
supplied power from other parallel alternator and thus
being damaged
B. To prevent parallel operation if the excitation field
voltage is reversed
C. To prevent the alternator from being paralleled if it is
out of phase with the main switchboard
D. To give automatic disconnection of the circuit breaker
when you are taking the alternator off the switchboard