Republic of the Philippines

BATAAN PENINSULA STATE UNIVERSITY

Dinalupihan, Campus

Subject : Policy Analysis in Education

Topic : Shared Policy Making Process- Major Steps
Shared Policy Making and Participants
Discussants : Angelie G. Roque and Ela Mariane Lacap
Professor : Dr. Glenda Magno

I. Introduction
The formulation of school policy should be a cooperative process capitalizing the intellectual resources of
the whole academic staff. This participation in the development of educational policy should not be thought
of as a favour granted by the administration but rather as a right and an obligation.
II. Content
Shared Policy Making Process-Major Steps
 Policy making like planning, curriculum making, institution building and the like, follows a certain
process. Like other educational process, it is important that the policy making process should
also approximate a pattern of systematic thinking.

A process is a particular methods of doing something, involving a number of steps or operations for particular
purpose.

 Educational policy making occurs when the members and elements of the educational
community undertake the process of arriving at a collegial agreement to make that agreement
their binding guide.

The policies to be effective must take into primary consideration the interest of the faculty and staff as well as the
conflicting interests of those in the organization.

Policy are critical for school development

It is then crucial that the steps and participants in shared policy making be identified and determined. There are three
important reasons for this:

1. Each step in the process, will become susceptible to analysis;

2. Participants’ involvement will be known for accountability; and
3. Process and participants in policy making will be determined for process and results evaluation.

9 MAJOR STEPS
STEP 1. DETERMINE ISSUE.
 An issue arises because of conflicting interests.
STEP 2. CONDUCT RESEARCHERS AND REFERRALS.
 This step in the process starts as a direct consequence of the first step, that is, it is established that there is
indeed an issue.
Researchers should focus on the rational bases upon which the policy maybe anchored and what possible requirements
are needed if the policy is to be adopted for implementation.
Referrals should focus on the possible participation of those who will be affected, acceptance and compliance factors,
support of outside policy makers for the new policy.
These referrals should be able to determine the relationships of the means through which the policy will work and the
ends to which it is addressed.

STEP 3. PINPOINT ALTERNATIVES.

 The purpose of this step is to find out which among them is the best, under the circumstances.
These alternatives will have to be examined in the light of two sets of concerns. The first set of concerns should be
addressed to the possible effects of new policy once formulated; on people who will be affected by it, the administrative
 Republic of the Philippines
BATAAN PENINSULA STATE UNIVERSITY
Dinalupihan, Campus

system, on change and its overall impact. The second set of concerns should be addressed to the possible effects of the
action program on existing resources, generation of resources and new opportunities and incentives for those in the
organization on the one hand, and the clientele on the other.
STEP 4. FORMULATE POLICY STATEMENT.
 An educational policy statement is a binding guide enforceable and enforced by the educational constituency
responsible for its formulation. It is adopted through collegial agreement which acknowledges the conflicting
interests and desires of all those who will be affected by it.
First, those who will be affected by the policy will need to be involved in its formulation. Second, that their conflicting
interests and desires will have to be acknowledged. And third, the policy statement itself will have to be reached by all
those involved via consensual agreement.
STEP 5. DESIGN SUPPORT SYSTEMS.
 Once the policy statement is formulated, the next step is to design its support systems. This may include but are
not limited to the following Action Program, Administrative Mechanism, and Monitoring System.
Action program- translates the intentions of policy or policy goal into concrete term.
Administrative mechanism- is the structure that will manage the implementation of the action program in accordance
with its objectives.
Monitoring system- which will tell management to what extent the new policy and the new program are performing
according to plan.
STEP 6. WORK POLICY APPROVAL.
 Working for the approval of a new policy and its support systems may require several arenas of action.
STEP 7. IMPLEMENT POLICY.
 As soon as approval is obtained, dissemination of the approved policy and its support systems follow. One way
of accomplishing this is to call a general meeting of all those who were involved in its formulation or all those
who will be affected by the new policy.
STEP 8.MONITOR EFFECTS.
 Monitoring of effects starts soon after policy implementation. Monitoring should be able to determine if the
intended benefits are being appreciated or not and to what degree.
STEP 9. EVALUATE FOR DEVELOPMENT.
 Evaluating for further development means either modifying the policy itself or strengthening its support sytem
particularly its action program for greater impact.

SHARED POLICY MAKING AND PARTICIPANTS

The table shows nine possible groups of participants in shared policy
making in state university. These are:
1. Student Council
2. Faculty Association Board of Directors
3. Personnel Association Board of Directors
4. Alumni Association Board of Directors
5. Research and Extension Council
6. Council of Deans
7. Academic Council
8. Administrative Council
9. Board of Regents
These groups are selected because of their common presence in the state universities. However ,
except perhaps for the Council of Deans, Academic Council, Administrative Council and Board of
Regents.
 Republic of the Philippines
BATAAN PENINSULA STATE UNIVERSITY
Dinalupihan, Campus

Shared Policy Making and Participants

Major Steps/ A.Student B.Faculty C.Personnel D. Alumni E.Research F.Council G.Academic H.Administ I. Board of
Participants Council Association Association Association and Of Deans Council rative Regents
Board of Board of Board Of Extension Council
Directors Directors Directors Council
1.Determine 1-A Student 1- B 1-C Board of 1-D Board Of 1-E Council 1- F Council 1-G 1-H 1-I Board
Council and Board of Directors and Directors and and Research Of Deans Academic Administrat Members
Issue Non- Faculty Alumni
Student Body Directors and and and Faculty Council ive Council
Faculty Membership Membership Extension Members
Membership Coordinators
2.Conduct 2-A Study 2-B Study 2-C Study 2-D Study 2-E Study 2-F Study 2-G Study 2-H Study 2-I Study
Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees
Researchers
And Referrals
3.Pinpoint 3-A Study 3-B Study 3-C Study 3-D Study 3-E Study 3-F Study 3-G Study 3-H Study 3-I Study
Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees
Alternatives
4.Formulate 4-A Student 4- B 4-C Board of 4-D Board Of 4-E Council 4- F Council 4-G 4-H 4-I Board
Council and Board of Directors and Directors and and Of Deans Academic Administrat Members
Policy Non- Faculty Alumni
Student Body Directors and Research and Faculty Council ive Council
Statement Faculty Membership Membership
and Members
Membership
Extension
Coordinato
rs
5.Design 5-A Study 5-B Study 5-C Study 5-D Study 5-E Study 5-F Study 5-G Study 5-H Study 5-I Study
Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees
Support
Systems
6.Work Policy 6-A Study 6-B Study 6-C Study 6-D Study 6-E Study 6-F Study 6-G Study 6-H Study 6-I Study
Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees Committees
Approval
7.Implement 7-ACouncil And 7-B Council 7-C Council 7-D Council 7-ECouncil 7-F Council 7-G Council 7-H Council 7-I Council
Policy Designated And And And And And And And And
Implementors Designated Designated Designated Designated Designated Designated Designated Designated
Implementors Implement Implement Implement Implement Implement Implement Implement
ors ors ors ors ors ors ors
8.Monitor 8-A Special 8-A Special 8-A Special 8-A Special 8-A Special 8-A Special 8-A Special 8-A Special 8-A Special
Effects Committees Committees Committee Committee Committee Committee Committee Committee Committee
s s s s s s s
9.Evaluate For 9-A Evaluation 9- B Evaluation 9-C 9-D 9-E 9-F Special 9-G 9-H -I
Committee Committee Evaluation Evaluation Evaluation Commitee Evaluation Evaluation Evaluation
Development Board of Commitee Committee
Student Council Commitee Council Of Committee Commitee Commitee,
Directors and Board of Board Of Administrative
and Student Council and Deans and Council President
Faculty Directors and Directors and Council
Body Research and Faculty Membership Administrat
Membership Non- Faculty Alumni
Extension Members ive and /or
Membership Membership
Coordinators
Academic
Council