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Issue 05
Date 2017-12-29
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Overview
This document describes the method, precautions, and suggestions for WLAN planning so
that users can understand WLAN planning information.
Intended Audience
This document is intended for:
l Network planning engineers
l Hardware installation engineers
l Commissioning engineers
l Onsite maintenance engineers
l System maintenance engineers
Symbol Conventions
The symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Symbol Description
Symbol Description
Change History
Changes between document issues are cumulative. The latest document issue contains all
changes made in previous issues.
Issue 05 (2017-12-29)
This version has the following updates:
Issue 04 (2017-05-22)
This version has the following updates:
Issue 03 (2016-11-22)
This version has the following updates:
Issue 02 (2016-11-22)
This version has the following updates:
Issue 01 (2016-07-22)
Initial commercial release
Contents
1 Overview
Before starting service deployment for a WLAN project, use WLAN network planning tools
to plan for the network. Lack of proper network planning may cause the following problems:
l Coverage holes exist in the WLAN network. STAs cannot receive radio signals in the
coverage holes and therefore cannot connect to the network.
l WLAN devices provide strong signal coverage but severely interfere with each other. As
a result, STAs can receive radio signals but fail to connect to the WLAN network or
encounter severe packet loss. This results in a poor user experience.
l The WLAN network is unstable, which severely affects network services.
To ensure normal operations of the WLAN network, you must follow instructions in this
section to plan for AP locations and configuration data of the entire network. Huawei offers
comprehensive network planning tools. You can use these tools to conduct site survey and
network planning by following the instruction videos. First install a single AP to check
whether the network performance is consistent with the network plan you have made.
WLAN product software, planning tools, and manuals are available at http://
support.huawei.com/enterprise.
Table 2-1 describes functions of WLAN planning tools offered by Huawei, as well as where
to obtain the tools and reference documents.
How to Obtain
Tool Function
Tools and Manuals
How to Obtain
Tool Function
Tools and Manuals
Describes the AP
parameters,
AP Hardware installation methods, Log in to Huawei enterprise technical support
Installation and how to log in to an website and search for Hardware Installation
Maintenance AP, precautions for and Maintenance Guide of the desired AP
Guide AP installation, and models.
methods to rectify
AP hardware faults.
Describes antenna
parameters,
Antenna Quick Log in to Huawei enterprise technical support
installation methods,
Start website and search for Antenna Quick Start.
and precautions for
antenna installation.
4 AP Selection Policy
2. Wall plate APs and RUs must be installed in rooms. One wall plate AP or RU is
recommended in each room.
3. When the field strength in the onsite test result is higher than -65 dBm, one settled AP
can be used to cover three small rooms (including two neighboring rooms). If the
corridor has rooms on both its sides, it is recommended that APs in rooms be deployed in
W-shaped mode.
4. The distance between APs should be about 20 m in indoor semi-open areas.
5. For distribution models (including the AP4030DN, and AP4130DN), the network
planning should focus on the coverage range design.
1. Determine the model of antennas based on the actual site survey result and network
solution.
2. To ensure wireless network coverage, do not deploy outdoor APs to allow signals to
penetrate walls to provide signal coverage.
3. When an AP transmits signals at the maximum transmit power, signal coverage scopes
differ as the signal frequencies are different. The actual maximum transmit power of APs
depends on local laws and regulations.
1. Determine the model of antennas based on the actual site survey result and network
solution.
2. To ensure wireless network coverage, do not deploy outdoor APs to allow signals to
penetrate walls to provide signal coverage.
3. When an AP transmits signals at the maximum transmit power, signal coverage scopes
differ as the signal frequencies are different. The actual maximum transmit power of APs
depends on local laws and regulations.
Overview
The following table lists the basic principles for selecting APs and antennas to use.
1 Usage l Indoor scenarios: use indoor APs and antennas to provide signal
scenario and coverage.
purpose l Outdoor scenarios: use outdoor APs and antennas with a high
Ingress Protection (IP) grade and certain surge protection
capability to provide signal coverage and bridge backhaul.
l Rail transportation scenarios:
– Train-ground communications: use outdoor APs and
antennas with a high IP grade and certain anti-vibration
capability.
– Compartment coverage: use indoor APs and antennas with
certain anti-vibration capability to provide signal coverage.
– Station platform coverage: use the same APs as the common
outdoor and indoor scenarios.
2 Local The transmit power and maximum gain of antennas must strictly
standards and comply with local standards and regulations. For the rail
regulations transportation scenarios, the performance, environment adaptability,
and anti-vibration capability of the antennas must also confirm to
requirements of the related railway authorities.
6 Construction An external directional antenna usually has a large size and needs to
cost and be connected to the AP's radio interface through a feeder cable.
simplicity Compared to a built-in antenna and whip antenna directly installed
on an AP, installing an external directional antenna requires higher
construction cost and may affect indoor simplicity. To further
simplify cable layout (especially in coverage scenarios) without
compromising signal quality, you are advised to use built-in or whip
antennas directly installed on APs.
30
D/
R2
40
D/
R2
50
D/
R2
50
D-
E/
R4
50
D
l AP
203
0D
N
E- l AP The AP6050DN is - -
Schoolbag 605 an 802.11ac Wave
0D 2 AP supporting
N 4x4 MU-MIMO
l AP while the
503 AP5030DN is an
0D 802.11ac AP with
N three spatial
streams. You are
l AP advised to select an
403 AP as required.
0T
N The AP4030TN is
recommended
when the
concurrent access
rate is high.
30
D/
R2
40
D/
R2
50
D/
R2
50
D-
E/
R4
50
D
l AP
203
0D
N
30
D/
R2
40
D/
R2
50
D/
R2
50
D-
E/
R4
50
D
l AP
205
0D
N
30
D/
R2
40
D/
R2
50
D/
R2
50
D-
E/
R4
50
D
l AP
203
0D
N
The following summarizes the most common problems users may face during WLAN
deployment and provides recommendations on how to avoid these problems.
Features and configurations of WLAN products vary depending on software versions. For
details on how to configure a WLAN product, see the product documentation of the specific
version. Choose Support > Product Support > Enterprise Networking > WLAN, and
select the product and version to obtain the product documentation.
N Categor
Recommendation
o. y
Networki Set names for APs according to the network plan to facilitate network
1
ng design maintenance.
Networki Use different VLANs as the service VLAN and management VLAN of
2
ng design an AP to prevent WLAN services from being affected by other services.
Network Manually specify appropriate channels for APs or enable automatic radio
planning calibration.
5 and In V200R006 and later versions, the automatic radio calibration is
optimizat enabled by default. The default radio calibration interval is 1440
ion minutes.
Network
planning
Configure proper transmit power for APs. Too strong signals will cause
6 and
interference, whereas too weak signals will reduce the coverage area.
optimizat
ion
N Categor
Recommendation
o. y
Some STAs cannot roam to APs with higher signal strength when the
Network RSSI values of their home APs drop. Forcible disconnect such STAs
planning from the home APs to enable them to associate with APs with better
7 and signal quality.
optimizat In V200R006 and later versions, it is recommended that smart roaming
ion be configured to enable STAs to associate with APs with better signal
quality.
Version
8 Upgrade WLAN devices to latest versions to obtain better performance.
upgrade
When upgrading an AP, ensure that the file name and size of the software
Version package loaded to the AP are the same as those of the software package
9
upgrade saved on the file server. It is recommended that digital verification be
performed on the software package.
When configuring the WDS service, properly set the parameters related
Service to coverage distance to ensure good link quality; configure leaf AP
11 configura whitelist to control APs' connection to the network; configure AP
tion interfaces to allow service VLANs to enable communication between
leaf and root APs.
Service
In V200R005 and earlier versions, to use 802.1x authentication, enable
12 configura
802.1x authentication globally.
tion
Service
In V200R005 and earlier versions, configure a default domain and a
13 configura
forcible domain when 802.1x authentication is used.
tion
Service
When configuring Portal authentication, configure an authentication-free
14 configura
rule to allow access to the DNS server before authentication.
tion
Service
When configuring Portal authentication, set the security policy to non-
15 configura
authentication and non-encryption.
tion
Service
When configuring Portal authentication, set the same authentication port
16 configura
on the Portal server and AC.
tion
Service
When configuring Portal authentication, ensure network connectivity
17 configura
between STAs and the authentication server.
tion
N Categor
Recommendation
o. y
Service
The encryption key configured on the AC must be the same as that on
18 configura
the RADIUS or Portal server.
tion
Service Reduce the number of retransmissions after a packet sending failure and
21 configura remove low rates from the basic rate set to mitigate non-Wi-Fi
tion interference.
Service You are advised to configure smart roaming on the device to ensure
22 configura network experience of STAs with low roaming aggressiveness and
tion enable them to connect to APs with better signals.
Service
When a large number of users connect to the network, configure user
24 configura
isolation and port isolation.
tion
Service When a large number of 2.4G STAs exist on the network, enable the
25 configura band steering function to enable 5G-capable STAs to preferentially
tion connect to the 5G radio and reduce the burden on the 2.4 GHz radio.
Service
In multi-user scenarios, enable airtime fair scheduling to ensure that
26 configura
wireless channel resources are allocated to users fairly.
tion
If multiple SSIDs are bound to an AP, set a larger interval for sending
Beacon frames.
Service
In most cases, set the interval to the half of the number of bounded
27 configura
SSIDs multiplied by 100. For example, if four SSIDs are bound to an AP,
tion
set the interval for sending Beacon frames to 200 ms (4/2 x 100).
It is recommended that the interval be set from 100 ms to 500 ms.
N Categor
Recommendation
o. y
N Categor
Recommendation
o. y
In a scenario where rooms are on both sides of the corridor, you are
advised to deploy indoor distributed APs or wall plate APs in the rooms
Networki to implement indoor coverage. Alternatively, you can deploy indoor
32 settled APs in the rooms in W-shaped mode.
ng design
Do not deploy indoor settled APs in a corridor, nor in two rooms facing
each other on both sides of the corridor.
For outdoor equipment, all feeders, power cables, network cables, and
fiber connectors must be waterproofed.
l Feeder connectors and power cable connectors must be completely
Networki wrapped using one layer of PVC insulation tape, three layers of
33
ng design waterproof tape, and three layers of PVC insulation tape. Each layer
of tape should be wrapped tightly and bundled securely with binding
straps.
l Network cables and optical fibers use waterproof PG connectors.
Surge protection measures are mandatory for deploying outdoor APs and
Networki antennas to prevent device damage and service interruption due to
34
ng design lightning. Deploy outdoor AP within the 45-degree protection area of the
lightning rod and connect the APs to the nearest ground points.