Name: ------------------ Quiz 6 Time: 20 minutes

ME:5160 Fall 2017

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The exam is closed book and closed notes.
A layer of viscous incompressible Newtonian liquid of constant thickness (2D flow with no
velocity perpendicular to plate and perpendicular to the paper, v = w = 0) flows steadily down an
infinite, inclined plate that moves upwards with constant velocity V, as shown in the Figure below.
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
The flow is laminar, there is no pressure gradient in x direction, and shearing stress (𝜏𝜏 = 𝜇𝜇 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕) at
the free surface is zero. Determine, by means of the continuity and Navier-Stokes equations, the
velocity distribution 𝑢𝑢(𝑦𝑦) inside the film in terms of V, δ, ρ, µ, g, and θ.
Incompressible Continuity Equation: free surface
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
+ + =0
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations:

𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕2 𝑢𝑢 𝜕𝜕2 𝑢𝑢 𝜕𝜕2 𝑢𝑢 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
𝜌𝜌𝑔𝑔𝑥𝑥 − + 𝜇𝜇 � + + � = 𝜌𝜌 � + 𝑢𝑢 + 𝑣𝑣 + 𝑤𝑤 �
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝑥𝑥 2 𝜕𝜕𝑦𝑦 2 𝜕𝜕𝑧𝑧 2 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕2 𝑣𝑣 𝜕𝜕2 𝑣𝑣 𝜕𝜕2 𝑣𝑣 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

𝜌𝜌𝑔𝑔𝑦𝑦 − + 𝜇𝜇 � + + � = 𝜌𝜌 � + 𝑢𝑢 + 𝑣𝑣 + 𝑤𝑤 �
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝑥𝑥 2 𝜕𝜕𝑦𝑦 2 𝜕𝜕𝑧𝑧 2 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕2 𝑤𝑤 𝜕𝜕2 𝑤𝑤 𝜕𝜕2 𝑤𝑤 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

𝜌𝜌𝑔𝑔𝑧𝑧 − + 𝜇𝜇 � + + � = 𝜌𝜌 � + 𝑢𝑢 + 𝑣𝑣 + 𝑤𝑤 �
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝑥𝑥 2 𝜕𝜕𝑦𝑦 2 𝜕𝜕𝑧𝑧 2 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
Name: ------------------ Quiz 6 Time: 20 minutes

ME:5160 Fall 2017

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Solution 2:
Format (+3)
Continuity: (v = w = 0, ρ=constant)

𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

+ + =0
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
+0+0=0 → = 0 ; 𝑢𝑢 = 𝑢𝑢(𝑦𝑦) 𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 (+2)
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
x – momentum: ( = 0, = 0, = 0)
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕 2 𝑢𝑢 𝜕𝜕 2 𝑢𝑢 𝜕𝜕 2 𝑢𝑢 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

𝜌𝜌𝑔𝑔𝑥𝑥 − + 𝜇𝜇 � 2 + 2 + 2 � = 𝜌𝜌 � + 𝑢𝑢 + 𝑣𝑣 + 𝑤𝑤 �
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝑥𝑥 𝜕𝜕𝑦𝑦 𝜕𝜕𝑧𝑧 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

𝜕𝜕 2 𝑢𝑢
𝜌𝜌𝜌𝜌 sin 𝜃𝜃 − 0 + 𝜇𝜇 �0 + 2 + 0� = 𝜌𝜌(0 + 0 + 0 + 0)
𝜕𝜕𝑦𝑦

𝜕𝜕 2 𝑢𝑢 𝜌𝜌𝜌𝜌 (+2)
2
=− sin 𝜃𝜃
𝜕𝜕𝑦𝑦 µ

𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜌𝜌𝜌𝜌
=− sin 𝜃𝜃 𝑦𝑦 + 𝐶𝐶1
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 µ
𝜌𝜌𝜌𝜌
𝑢𝑢 = − sin 𝜃𝜃 𝑦𝑦 2 + 𝐶𝐶1 𝑦𝑦 + 𝐶𝐶2 (+1)
2µ

Boundary conditions:

𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜌𝜌𝜌𝜌 𝜌𝜌𝜌𝜌

𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑦𝑦 = 𝛿𝛿: 𝜏𝜏𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 = 0 → 𝜇𝜇 =0 → =0=− sin 𝜃𝜃 𝛿𝛿 + 𝐶𝐶1 → 𝐶𝐶1 = sin 𝜃𝜃 𝛿𝛿
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 µ µ

𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 𝑦𝑦 = 0: 𝑢𝑢 = −𝑉𝑉 → −𝑉𝑉 = 0 + 0 + 𝐶𝐶2 → 𝐶𝐶2 = −𝑉𝑉

Replace:
𝜌𝜌𝜌𝜌 𝜌𝜌𝜌𝜌 𝜌𝜌𝜌𝜌 sin 𝜃𝜃 (+2)
𝑢𝑢 = − sin 𝜃𝜃 𝑦𝑦 2 + sin 𝜃𝜃 𝛿𝛿 𝑦𝑦 − 𝑉𝑉 = 𝑦𝑦(2𝛿𝛿 − 𝑦𝑦) − 𝑉𝑉
2µ µ 2µ