Questions and Answers On Basic Structures of Computers

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Computer Organization
Assessment Questions -
Sanfoundry
by Manish
4-5 minutes
This set of Computer Organization Assessment Questions

and Answers focuses on “Functional Units of a Computer”.
1. The ______ format is usually used to store data.

a) BCD
b) Decimal
c) Hecadecimal
d) Octal
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The data usually used by computers have to
be stored and represented in a particular format for ease of
use.
2. The 8-bit encoding format used to store data in a

computer is ______
a) ASCII
b) EBCDIC
c) ANCI
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d) USCII
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The data to be stored in the computers have to
be encoded in a particular way so as to be provide secure
processing of the data.
3. A source program is usually in _______

a) Assembly language
b) Machine level language
c) High-level language
d) Natural language
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The program written and before being
compiled or assembled is called as a source program.
4. Which memory device is generally made of semi-

conductors?
a) RAM
b) Hard-disk
c) Floppy disk
d) Cd disk
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Memory devices are usually made of semi
conductors for faster manipulation of the contents.
5. The small extremely fast, RAM’s are called as _______

a) Cache
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b) Heaps
c) Accumulators
d) Stacks
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: These small and fast memory devices are
compared to RAM because they optimize the performance
of the system and they only keep files which are required by
the current process in them
6. The ALU makes use of _______ to store the intermediate

results.
a) Accumulators
b) Registers
c) Heap
d) Stack
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The ALU is the computational center of the
CPU. It performs all the mathematical and logical
operations. In order to perform better it uses some internal
memory spaces to store immediate results.
7. The control unit controls other units by generating ____

a) Control signals
b) Timing signals
c) Transfer signals
d) Command Signals
View Answer
Answer: b
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Explanation: This unit is used to control and coordinate

between the various parts and components of the CPU.
8. ______ are numbers and encoded characters, generally

used as operands.
a) Input
b) Data
c) Information
d) Stored Values
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: None.
9. The Input devices can send information to the processor.

a) When the SIN status flag is set
b) When the data arrives regardless of the SIN flag
c) Neither of the cases
d) Either of the cases
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The input devices use buffers to store the data
received and when the buffer has some data it sends it to
the processor.
10. ______ bus structure is usually used to connect I/O

devices.
a) Single bus
b) Multiple bus
c) Star bus
d) Rambus
View Answer
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Answer: a
Explanation: BUS is a bunch of wires which carry
address,control signals and data. It is used to connect
various components of the computer.
11. The I/O interface required to connect the I/O device to

the bus consists of ______
a) Address decoder and registers
b) Control circuits
c) Address decoder, registers and Control circuits
d) Only Control circuits
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The I/O devices are connected to the CPU via
BUS and to interact with the BUS they’ve a interface.
12. To reduce the memory access time we generally make

use of ______
a) Heaps
b) Higher capacity RAM’s
c) SDRAM’s
d) Cache’s
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The time required to access a part of the
memory for data retrieval.
13. ______ is generally used to increase the apparent size

of physical memory.
a) Secondary memory
b) Virtual memory
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c) Hard-disk
d) Disks
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Virtual memory is like an extension to the
existing memory.
14. MFC stands for ___________

a) Memory Format Caches
b) Memory Function Complete
c) Memory Find Command
d) Mass Format Command
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: This is a system command enabled when a
memory function is completed by a process.
15. The time delay between two successive initiation of

memory operation _______
a) Memory access time
b) Memory search time
c) Memory cycle time
d) Instruction delay
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The time taken to finish one task and to start
another.
Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series –

Computer Organization and Architecture.
6 of 6 3/19/18, 1:41 PM
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Basic Operational Concepts -

Computer Organization Questions
and Answers
by Manish
3-4 minutes
This set of Computer Organization and Architecture Multiple

Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Basic
Operational Concept”.
1. The decoded instruction is stored in ______

a) IR
b) PC
c) Registers
d) MDR
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The instruction after obtained from the PC, is
decoded and operands are fetched and stored in the IR.
2. The instruction -> Add LOCA, R0 does _______

a) Adds the value of LOCA to R0 and stores in the temp
register
b) Adds the value of R0 to the address of LOCA
c) Adds the values of both LOCA and R0 and stores it in R0
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d) Adds the value of LOCA with a value in accumulator and

stores it in R0
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: None.
3. Which registers can interact with the secondary storage?

a) MAR
b) PC
c) IR
d) R0
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: MAR can interact with secondary storage in
order to fetch data from it.
4. During the execution of a program which gets initialized

first ?
a) MDR
b) IR
c) PC
d) MAR
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: For the execution of a process first the
instruction is placed in the PC.
5. Which of the register/s of the processor is/are connected

to Memory Bus ?
a) PC
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b) MAR
c) IR
d) Both PC and MAR
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: MAR is connected to the memory BUS in order
to access the memory
6. ISP stands for _________

a) Instruction Set Processor
b) Information Standard Processing
c) Interchange Standard Protocol
d) Interrupt Service Procedure
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: None.
7. The internal Components of the processor are connected

by _______
a) Processor intra-connectivity circuitry
b) Processor bus
c) Memory bus
d) Rambus
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The processor BUS is used to connect the
various parts in order to provide a direct connection to the
CPU.
8. ______ is used to choose between incrementing the PC
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or performing ALU operations.

a) Conditional codes
b) Multiplexer
c) Control unit
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The multiplexer circuit is used to choose
between the two as it can give different results based on
the input.
9. The registers,ALU and the interconnection between them

are collectively called as _____
a) process route
b) information trail
c) information path
d) data path
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The Operational and processing part of the
CPU are collectively called as data path.
10. _______ is used to store data in registers.

a) D flip flop
b) JK flip flop
c) RS flip flop
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: None.
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5 of 5 3/19/18, 1:42 PM
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BUS Structure - Computer

Organization Questions and
Answers
by Manish
3-4 minutes

Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “BUS
Structure”.
1. The main virtue for using single Bus structure is

____________
a) Fast data transfers
b) Cost effective connectivity and speed
c) Cost effective connectivity and ease of attaching
peripheral devices
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: By using single BUS structure we can
minimize the amount hardware (wire) required and thereby
reducing the cost.
2. ______ are used to over come the difference in data

transfer speeds of various devices.
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a) Speed enhancing circuitory

b) Bridge circuits
c) Multiple Buses
d) Buffer registers
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: By using Buffer registers, the processor sends
the data to the I/O device at the processor speed and the
data gets stored in the buffer.After that the data gets sent to
or from the buffer to the devices at the device speed.
3. To extend the connectivity of the processor bus we use

________
a) PCI bus
b) SCSI bus
c) Controllers
d) Multiple bus
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: PCI BUS is used to connect other peripheral
devices which require a direct connection with the
processor.
4. IBM developed a bus standard for their line of computers

‘PC AT’ called _____
a) IB bus
b) M-bus
c) ISA
View Answer
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Answer: c
Explanation: None.
5. The bus used to connect the monitor to the CPU is

______
a) PCI bus
b) SCSI bus
c) Memory bus
d) Rambus
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: SCSI BUS is usually used to connect the video
devices to the processor.
6. ANSI stands for __________

a) American National Standards Institute
b) American National Standard Interface
c) American Network Standard Interfacing
d) American Network Security Interrupt
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: None.
7. _____ register Connected to the Processor bus is a

single-way transfer capable.
a) PC
b) IR
c) Temp
d) Z
View Answer
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Answer: d
Explanation: The Z register is a special register which can
interact with the processor BUS only.
8. In multiple Bus organisation, the registers are collectively

placed and referred as ______
a) Set registers
b) Register file
c) Register Block
d) Map registers
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: None.
9. The main advantage of multiple bus organisation over

single bus is _____
a) Reduction in the number of cycles for execution
b) Increase in size of the registers
c) Better Connectivity
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: None.
10. The ISA standard Buses are used to connect

___________
a) RAM and processor
b) GPU and processor
c) Harddisk and Processor
d) CD/DVD drives and Processor
View Answer
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Answer: c
Explanation: None.

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System Performance - Computer

Organization Questions and
Answers
by Manish
5-7 minutes

Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on
“Performance of a System”.
1. During the execution of the instructions, a copy of the

instructions is placed in the ______
a) Register
b) RAM
c) System heap
d) Cache
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: None.
2. Two processors A and B have clock frequencies of 700

Mhz and 900 Mhz respectively. Suppose A can execute an
instruction with an average of 3 steps and B can execute
with an average of 5 steps. For the execution of the same
instruction which processor is faster ?
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a) A
b) B
C) Both take the same time
d) Insuffient information
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The performance of a system can be found out
using the Basic performance formula.
3. A processor performing fetch or decoding of different

instruction during the execution of another instruction is
called ______
a) Super-scaling
b) Pipe-lining
c) Parallel Computation
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Pipe-lining is the process of improving the
performance of the system by processing different
instructions at the same time, with only one instruction
performing one specific operation.
4. For a given FINITE number of instructions to be

executed, which architecture of the processor provides for a
faster execution ?
a) ISA
b) ANSA
c) Super-scalar
d) All of the mentioned
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View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: In super-scalar architecture, the instructions
are set in groups and they’re decoded and executed
together reducing the amount of time required to process
them.
5. The clock rate of the processor can be improved by

_________
a) Improving the IC technology of the logic circuits
b) Reducing the amount of processing done in one step
c) By using overclocking method
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The clock rate(frequency of the processor) is
the hardware dependent quantity it is fixed for a given
processor.
6. An optimizing Compiler does _________

a) Better compilation of the given piece of code
b) Takes advantage of the type of processor and reduces
its process time
c) Does better memory managament
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: An optimizing compiler is a compiler designed
for the specific purpose of increasing the operation speed of
the processor by reducing the time taken to compile the
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program instructions.
7. The ultimate goal of a compiler is to ________

a) Reduce the clock cycles for a programming task
b) Reduce the size of the object code
c) Be versatile
d) Be able to detect even the smallest of errors
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: None.
8. SPEC stands for _______

a) Standard Performance Evaluation Code
b) System Processing Enhancing Code
c) System Performance Evaluation Corporation
d) Standard Processing Enhancement Corporation
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: SPEC is a corporation started to standardize
the evaluation method of a systems performance.
9. As of 2000, the reference system to find the performance

of a system is _____
a) Ultra SPARC 10
b) SUN SPARC
c) SUN II
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: In SPEC system of measuring a systems
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performance, a system is used as a reference against

which other systems are compared and performance is
determined.
10. When Performing a looping operation, the instruction

gets stored in the ______
a) Registers
b) Cache
c) System Heap
d) System stack
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: When a looping or branching operation is
carried out the offset value is stored in the cache along with
the data.
11. The average number of steps taken to execute the set

of instructions can be made to be less than one by following
_______
a) ISA
b) Pipe-lining
c) Super-scaling
d) Sequential
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The number of steps required to execute a
given set of instructions is sufficiently reduced by using
super-scaling. In this method a set of instructions are
grouped together and are processed.
12. If a processor clock is rated as 1250 million cycles per
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second, then its clock period is ________

a) 1.9 * 10-10 sec
b) 1.6 * 10-9 sec
c) 1.25 * 10-10 sec
d) 8 * 10-10 sec
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: None.
13. If the instruction, Add R1, R2, R3 is executed in a

system which is pipe-lined, then the value of S is (Where S
is term of the Basic performance equation)
a) 3
b) ~2
C) ~1
d) 6
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: S is the number of steps required to execute
the instructions.
14. CISC stands for _______

a) Complete Instruction Sequential Compilation
b) Computer Integrated Sequential Compiler
c) Complex Instruction Set Computer
d) Complex Instruction Sequential Compilation
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: CISC is a type of system architecture where
complex instructions are grouped together and executed to
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improve the system performance.
15. As of 2000, the reference system to find the SPEC

rating are built with _____ Processor.
a) Intel Atom SParc 300Mhz
b) Ultra SPARC -IIi 300MHZ
c) Amd Neutrino series
d) ASUS A series 450 Mhz
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: None.

7 of 7 3/19/18, 1:42 PM

Questions and Answers On Basic Structures of Computers

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Computer Organization Assessment Questions -... about:reader?url=https://www.sanfoundry.com...

This set of Computer Organization Assessment Questions

1. The ______ format is usually used to store data.

2. The 8-bit encoding format used to store data in a

3. A source program is usually in _______

4. Which memory device is generally made of semi-

5. The small extremely fast, RAM’s are called as _______

6. The ALU makes use of _______ to store the intermediate

7. The control unit controls other units by generating ____

Explanation: This unit is used to control and coordinate

8. ______ are numbers and encoded characters, generally

9. The Input devices can send information to the processor.

10. ______ bus structure is usually used to connect I/O

11. The I/O interface required to connect the I/O device to

12. To reduce the memory access time we generally make

13. ______ is generally used to increase the apparent size

14. MFC stands for ___________

15. The time delay between two successive initiation of

Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series –

Basic Operational Concepts -

This set of Computer Organization and Architecture Multiple

1. The decoded instruction is stored in ______

2. The instruction -> Add LOCA, R0 does _______

d) Adds the value of LOCA with a value in accumulator and

3. Which registers can interact with the secondary storage?

4. During the execution of a program which gets initialized

5. Which of the register/s of the processor is/are connected

6. ISP stands for _________

7. The internal Components of the processor are connected

8. ______ is used to choose between incrementing the PC

or performing ALU operations.

9. The registers,ALU and the interconnection between them

10. _______ is used to store data in registers.

Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series –

BUS Structure - Computer

This set of Computer Organization and Architecture Multiple

1. The main virtue for using single Bus structure is

2. ______ are used to over come the difference in data

a) Speed enhancing circuitory

3. To extend the connectivity of the processor bus we use

4. IBM developed a bus standard for their line of computers

5. The bus used to connect the monitor to the CPU is

6. ANSI stands for __________

7. _____ register Connected to the Processor bus is a

8. In multiple Bus organisation, the registers are collectively

9. The main advantage of multiple bus organisation over

10. The ISA standard Buses are used to connect

Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series –

System Performance - Computer

This set of Computer Organization and Architecture Multiple

1. During the execution of the instructions, a copy of the

2. Two processors A and B have clock frequencies of 700

3. A processor performing fetch or decoding of different

4. For a given FINITE number of instructions to be

5. The clock rate of the processor can be improved by

6. An optimizing Compiler does _________

7. The ultimate goal of a compiler is to ________

8. SPEC stands for _______

9. As of 2000, the reference system to find the performance

performance, a system is used as a reference against

10. When Performing a looping operation, the instruction

11. The average number of steps taken to execute the set

12. If a processor clock is rated as 1250 million cycles per