Unit - 10

Differential Equation

Important Points
Differential Equation :

dy d 2 y d 3 y
“y = f(x) and the derivatives of w.r.t. x are , , ,........... then the functional
dx dx 2 dx3

dy d 2 y
equation F(x, y, , .......) = 0 is called an ordinary differential equation.”
dx dx 2
3
2d y  dy  d2 y dy d2y
x
Example, (1)  3   y  log  og 2  xy
 dx 
 dx 
  dx 2 (2) dx dx
Order of a differential equation :
“Order of the highest order derivative of the dependent variable with respect to the
independent variable occurring in a given differential equation is called the order of
differential equation.”
2 5
 d3y   dy 
Example, (1) order of  3   x    y  o is 3 -
 dx   dx 

dy
d2y
(2) order of e dx  is 2 -
dx 2
Degree of a differential equation :
“When a differential equation is in a polynomial form in derivatives, the highest power of
the highest order derivative occurring in the differential equation is called the degree of
the differential equation.”
Note : (1) The degree of a differential equation is a positive integer.
(2) If the differential equation cannot be expressed in a polynomial form in the deriva-
tives, the degree of the differential equation is not defined.
3 2
 dy  d y
Example : (1) The degree of    y  2 is 1 -
 dx  dx

d2y dy
(2) The degree of x  sin =o is not defined.
dx 2 dx

1
Differential Equation of first order and first degree :
dy
f(x, y) dx + g(x, y) dy = 0 OR =F(x.y) is form of first order and first degree differential
dx
equation.
(1) Differential Equation of variables separable :
 p(x).dx + q(y).dy = 0 equation is said to be in variables separable form.
 solution : p(x).dx + q(y).dy= 0
  p ( x )dx   q ( y )dy  c is the general solution (c is an arbitrang constant)
(2) Homogeneous differential equation :
 If in a differential equation f(x, y) dx + g(x, y) dy = 0, f(x, y) and g(x, y) are homo-
geneous functions with same degree, then this defferential equation is called ho-
mogeneous differential equation.

dy  y
The homogenous differential equation be in the form of  
dx  x
y
 Solution : Let 
x
 y  x
dy dy
   x
dx dx
 Differential equation,
d
  x    
dx

d dx
 
    x (variable separable form)

1 1
 d   dx
    x

1
       d   o g x  c

This is the general solution of a homogeneous differential equation.

(3) Linear Differential Equation :
 If p(x) and q(x) are functions of variable x, then the differential equation

2
 dy
+P(x).y=Q(x) is called a linear differential equation.
dx
 Solution :
If we multiply both sides by I.F. = e  p ( x ).dx .

dy  p ( x ).dx p ( x ).dx p ( x ).dx

We get, e  p ( x ) ye    ( x)e 
dx
d   p( x ).dx  p ( x ).dx
 y.e   ( x )e 
dx  

p ( x ).dx p ( x ).dx
 y.e     ( x )e 
This is the general solution of a linear differential equation.
Application in geometry :

 dy 
Let y = f(x) is a given curve. Slope of the tangent at the point (x0, y0) is =  dx  .
 x0 , y0 

 dy 
 The equation of the tangent to the curve at point (x0, y0) is y - y0=  dx   x  x0  .
 xo , y0 

 dx 
 The equation of the normal to the curve at point (x0, y0) is y - y0 =  dy   x  x0  .
 x0 , y0 
 Any point,

2
 dy 
y 1  
(1) Length of the tangent PT 
 dx  .
dy
dx

2
 dy 
(2) Length of the normal PG= y 1+  
 dx 

3
(3) Length of subtangent TM= y
dy
dx

(4) Length of subnormal MG= y dy

dx

4
 QUESTION BANK
3 1
(1) The degree of the differential equation is y 2 - y 2 + 1 = 0 ________.
2 1

(A) 6 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 4

(2) The order of the differential equation whose general solution is given by

y = c1 e x c2 + (c3 + c4) . sin (x + c5),

where c1, c2, c3, c4, c5 are arbitrary constant is ________.
(A) 5 (B) 4 (C) 3 (D) 2
(3) The degree of the differential equation of all curves having normal of constant length c
is.
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) none of these

3
d3y  d2y  d2y
(4) The degree of the differential equation + 7  2  = x 2 . log is is :
dx 3  dx  dx 2
 

(A) 2 (B) 3
(C) 1 (D) degree doesn’t exist
(5) The degree of the differential equation satisfying

1+x 2 + 1+y 2 = k  x 1+y 2 - y 1+x 2  is :

 

(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 1 (D) 2

(6) If m and n are order and degree of the equation

3
 d2y 
5  2 
 d2y   dx  d3 y
 2  +4 3
 3 = x 2 .- 1 , then :
 dx  d y dx
dx3

(A) m = 3, n = 2 (B) m = 3, n = 3 (C) m = 3, n = 5 (D) m = 3, n = 1

5
(7) The degree and order of the differential equation of the family of all parabolas whose
axis is x-axis, are respectively.
(A) 1, 2 (B) 3, 2 (C) 2, 3 (D) 2, 1

(8) 
The differential equation representing the family of curves y2 = 2c x  c , where c is 
a positive parameter, is of order and degree as follows.
(A) order 1, degree 1 (B) order 1, degree 2
(C) order 2, degree 2 (D) order 1, degree 3
(9) The differential equation whose solution is Ax2 + By2 = 1, where A and B are arbitrary
constants is of.
(A) second order and second degree (B) first order and first degree
(C) first order and second degree (D) second order and first degree
(10) Order and degree of differential equation of all tangent lines to the parabola y2 = 4ax is
________ .
(A) 2, 2 (B) 3, 1 (C) 1, 2 (D) 4, 1
(11) The order of differential equation of all parabola with it’s axis paralled to y-axis and
touch x-axis is.
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 1 (D) none of these
(12) Which of the following differential equation has the same order and degree ________ .

6  d3 y  2
d4y  dy   dy  8
(A) + 8   + 5y = e x (B) 5  3  + 8 1   + 5y = x
dx 4  dx   dx   dx 

2
2   dy  3 3
dy 2  dy  d3 y
(C) y = x + 1+   (D) 1     =4
dx  dx    dx   dx 3

(13) The differential equation of all conics having centre at the origin is of order.
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5
(14) The order of the differential equation of family of circle touching a fixed straight line
passing through origin is.
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) none of these

6
 3
  dy  2 2
1    
2   dx  
(15) The order and degree of the differential equation y = are (respectively)
d2 y
dx 2

(A) 2, 1 (B) 2, 2 (C) 2, 3 (D) 2, 6

(16) Which of the following equations is a linear equation of order 3 ?

d3 y d 2 y dy d3 y d2 y
(A) + . + y= x (B) + + y2 = x 2
dx 3 dx 2 dx dx 3
dx 2

d3 y d3 y d2 y dy
(C) x. + = ex (D) + = log x
dx 3 dx 3 dx 2 dx

1 dy 1
(17) Integrating factor of differential equation . + y = 1 is.
cosx dx sinx
(A) sec x (B) cos x (C) tan x (D) sin x

dy
(18) The integrating factor of the differential equation .(x log x) + y = 2log x is :
dx
(A) e x (B) log x (C) log(logx) (D) x

1
dy - logx
(19) Integrating factor of differential equation x + ylog x = x. e x . x 2 ; x  o is :
dx

 log x 2
(A) xlog x (B)  e (C) ex
2
(D) x log x

dy
(20) If sin x is an Integrating factor of  p.y  Q then p is :
dx
(A) sin x (B) log sin x (C) cot x (D) log cosx

7
 dy
(21) Integrating factor of differential equation (1+x) - x. y = 1 - x is :
dx
(A) 1 + x (B) log (1 + x) (C) e-x (1 + x) (D) x . ex

(22) The order and degree of differential equation 1  y 2 dx  1  x 2 dy  o is ________ .

(A) order 1, degree 1 (B) order 1, degree 2

(C) order 2, degree 1 (D) order and degree doesn’t exist

(23) The degree of differential equation ( y2 ) 2  y1  y 3 is ________ .

1
(A) (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
2

2
 dy  3 d3y
(24) The order and degree of the differential equation 1  3   4. are
 dx  3
dx
(respectively) ________ .

2
(A) 1, (B) 3, 1 (C) 3, 3 (D) 1, 2
3

2 dx
(25) The Integrating factor of the differential equation (1  y )  yx  1 is :
dy

1 1
(A) (B) 1 y 2 (C) (D) 1  y 2
1  y2 1 y2

(26) y2 = (x - c)3 is general solution of the differential equation : (where c is arbitrary constant).

3 3
 dy   dy 
(A)    27 y (B) 2    8 y  0
 dx   dx 

3
 dy  d3y
(C) 8    27 y (D) 8  27 y  0
 dx  dx3

8
(27) y = ae 2x + be-3x is general solution of differential equation :

d2y dy d2y dy
(A)   6y (B) x   6y
2 dx 2 dx
dx dx

d2y dy d2y dy
(C)  y0 (D) x  y0
dx 2 dx dx 2 dx

B
(28) The differential equation of family of curves y = Ax +   is :
x

d2y dy d2y dy
(A) y  x2 yo (B) y  x2  yo
dx 2 dx dx 2 dx

2 d2y
dy 2 d2y dy
(C) x x y0 (D) x x y0
2 dx 2 dx
dx dx
(29) Family of curves y = ex (A cos x + B sin x) represents the differential equation : ________
. (where A and B are arbitrary constant)

d2y dy d2y dy
(A) 2  yo (B) 2  2y  o
dx 2 dx dx 2 dx

d2y dy d2y dy
(C) 2  y 0 (D) 2
2  2y  0
2 dx dx
dx dx
(30) The differential equation of family of parabolas with focus at origin and x-axis as axis is :

2 2
 dy  dy  dy  dy
(A) y    2 x y (B) y    2 xy y
 dx  dx  dx  dx

2 2
 dy  dy  dy  dy
(C) y    2 xy y (D) y    2x  y
 dx  dx  dx  dx

(31) The differential equation of all parabolas having the directrix parallel to x-axis :

d 3x d3y d3y d2y d2y

(A) 0 (B) 0 (C)   o (D) o
dy 3 dx3 dx3 dx 2 dx 2

9
(32) The differential equation of all parabolas having axis parallel to y-axis :

d 3x d3y d3y d2y d2y

(A) 0 (B) 0 (C)   o (D) o
dy 3 dx3 dx3 dx 2 dx 2
(33) The differential equation of family of hyperbolas with asymptotes x + y = 1 and x - y = 1
is :
(A) yy1 = x - 1 (B) yy1 + x = 0 (C) yy2 = y1 (D) y1 + xy = 0
(34) The differential equation of family of circles of radius ‘a’ is :
(A) a2y2 = [1 - y13]2 (B) a2y2 = [1 - y12]3
(C) a2 (y2)2 = [1 + y13]2 (D) a2 (y2)2 = [1 + y12]3
(35) Family y = Ax + A3 of curves is represented by the differential equation of degree :
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
(36) The differential equation of all non-vertical lines in a plane is :

dy d 3x d2y dx
(A) 0 (B) 0 (C) 0 (D) 0
dx dy 3 dx 2 dy

(37) The differential equation of the family of circles with fixed radius 5 units and centeres
on the line y = 2 is :

2 2
2  dy  2  dy  2
(A) (y-2)   = 25-(y-2) (B) (y-2)   = 25-(y-2)
 dx   dx 

2 2
 dy  2 2  dy  2
(C) (x-2)   = 25-(y-2) (D) (x-2)   = 25-(y-2)
 dx   dx 
(38) The differential equation of all circles passing through the origin and having their centres
on the x-axis is :

dy dy
(A) y2 = x2 + 2xy (B) y2 = x2 - 2xy
dx dx

dy dy
(C) x2 = y2 + xy (D) x2 = y2 + 3xy
dx dx

10
(39) The differential equation of all circles passing through the origin and having their centres
on the y-axis is :
OR
The differential equation for the family of curves x2 + y2 - 2ay = 0, where a is an arbitrary
constant is :
(A) (x 2 - y 2 ) y'= 2xy (B) 2(x 2 - y 2 ) y' = xy

(C) 2(x 2 + y 2 ) y' = xy (D) (x 2 + y 2 ) y' = 2xy

(40) The differential equation which represents the family of curves y = c1 ec2 x, where c1 and
c2 are arbitarary constants, is :

(A) y '  y 2 (B) y"  y ' y (C) yy"  (y ')2 (D) yy"  y '
(41) The general solution of the differential equation x (1 + y2) dx + y(1 + x2) dy = 0 is :
(A) (1 + x2) (1 + y2) = 0 (B) (1 + y4) c = (1 + x2)
(C) (1 + x2) (1 + y2) = c (D) (1 + x2) = c (1 + y2)

dy ax+b
(42) The solution of = represents a parabola if.
dx cy+d
(A) a = 1, b = 2 (B) a = 0, c  0 (C) a = 0, c = 0 (D) a = 1, c = 1

dy
(43) Solution of differential equation  ay  e mx is :
dx
(A) y = emx + c.e-ax (B) (a + m)y = emx + c
(C) (a + m) y = emx + c.e-ax (D) y.eax = m.emx + c
(44) The curve for which the slop of the tangent at any point equals the ratio of the abscissa
to the ordinate of the point is:
(A) a circle (B) an ellipse
(C) a rectangular hyperbola (D) none of these

dx
(45) A particle moves in a straigth line with a velocity given by  x  1 (x is the distance
dt
described) the time taken by a particle of transverse a distance of 99 meters is :
(A) 2 loge10 (B) log10e (C) 2 log10e (D) none of these

11
 2  sin x  dy   
(46) If y = y(x) and     cos x , y(0) = 1, then y   equal :
y  1  dx  2

1 1 2
(A) (B) (C) (D) 1
3 3 3

dy
(47) Solution of = 1 + x + y2 + xy2, y(0) = 0 is :
dx

 x2 
(A) y = tan (c + x + x2) (B) y = tan  x  2 
 

 x2   x2 
2 
(C) y = exp  x   - 1 2 
(D) y = 1 + c . exp  x  
 2   2 

(48) The solution of xdy - ydx = 0 represents :

(A) parabola having vertex at (0, 0) (B) circle having centre at (0, 0)
(C) a st. line passing through (0, 0) (D) a rectangular hyperbola

dy
(49) The differential equation y +x= a (‘a’ being a constant) represents :
dx
(A) set of circles with centres on y-axis (B) set of circles with centres on x-axis
(C) set of parabolas (D) set of ellipses

d2y
(50) The solution of  o represents :
dx 2
(A) a point (B) a st. line (C) a parabola (D) a circle

dy x 2
(51) The general solution of the equation  is :
dx y 2

(A) x3 + y3 = c (B) x3 - y3 = c (C) x2 + y2 = c (D) x2 - y2 = c

12
 d2y
(52) The solution of the equation  e 2 x is : y = ________ .
2
dx

1 2 x 1 1 2 x 1
(A) e  cx  d (B) e 2 x (C) e  cx 2  d (D) e 2 x  cx  d
4 4 4 4

dy
(53) If = y +3 > 0 and y(0) = 2, then y (log 2) is equal to.
dx
(A) -2 (B) 5 (C) 7 (D) 13
(54) The curves whose subtangents are proportional to the abscissas of the point of tangency
(the proportionality factor is equal to k) is :

k
(A) yk = cx2 (B) yk = cx (C) 3
y 2 = cx (D) none of these

(55) An equation of the curve in which subnormal varies as the square of the ordinate is (k
is constant of proportinaliting)

y2
(A) + kx = A (B) y2 + kx2 = A (C) y = ekx (D) y = Aekx
2

d2y
(56) Solution of = log x is :
dx 2

1 2 3 1 2 3
(A) y = x log x - x2 + c1x + c2 (B) y = x log x + x2 + c1x + c2
2 4 2 4

1 2 3
(C) y = - x log x - x2 - c1x + c2 (D) None of these
2 4

d2y x
(57) Solution of 2 = xe + 1 is :
dx

1 2 1 2
(A) y = (x - 2) ex + x + c1x + c2 (B) y = (x - 1) ex + x + c1x + c2
2 2

1 2
(C) y = (x + 2) ex + x + c1x + c2 (D) None of these
2

13
 n 2
2 d y dy
 x  1  x2 
(58) If y = 
 
dx

 , then 1  x . 2  x. = ________ .
dx

(A) -y (B) 2x2y (C) n2y (D) -n2y

dy
(59) = ex+y + x2 ey has the particular solution for x = y = 0 :
dx

x
x3-y x
x3
-y
(A) e - e + =2 (B) e + e + =2
3 3

x3 x3
(C) ex-y + =2 (D) ey-x - =2
3 3

 7 1
(60) The equation of a curve passing through  2,  and having gradient 1  2 at
 2 x
(x, y) is :
(A) xy = x + 1 (B) y = x2 + x + 1 (C) xy = x2 + x+ 1 (D) none of these

dy
(61) A particular solution of log = 3x + 4y, y(0) = 0 is :
dx
(A) 3 e3x + 4e4y = 7 (B) 4.e3x - e-4y = 3 (C) e3x + 3e-4y = 4 (D) 4e3x + 3e-4y = 7
(62) Solution of differential equation : dy - sin x . sin y dx = 0 is :

y
(A) ecos x . tan = c (B) cos x . tan y = c (C) ecos x . tan y = c (D) cos x . sin y = c
2

 dy 
(63) The curve passing through the point (0, 1) and satisfying the equation sin   = a is :
 dx 

 y 1   y 1   x   x 
(A) cos   = a (B) sin   = a (C) cos   = a (D) sin   =a
 x   x   y 1   y 1 
(64) The particular solution of the differential equation y1 - y = 1; y(0) = 1 is y(x) = ________ .
(A) -1 (B) -exp(-x) (C) -exp(x) (D) 2 exp(x) - 1

14
 1
 tan y
(65) The particular solution of (1 + y2) dx + (x  e )dy  0 with intial condition y(0) = 0 is
:
-1
(A) xe tan1 x  cot 1 x (B) x.e tan y
= tan -1 y
-1 -1
(C) x.e tan y
= cot -1y (D) x.ecot y
= tan -1y

   sin 2 y 
(66) The equation of the curve passing through  1,  and having the slope   at
 4  x  tauy 
(x, y) is :
(A) x = tan y (B) y = 2tan x (C) y = tan x (D) x = 2tan y

-1 dy
(67) The solution of the differential equation (1 + y2) + (x - e tan y ) = 0 is :
dx
-1 -1 -1 -1
(A) x . e tan y = tan y + k (B) x . e2tan y = e-tan y + k

-1 -1 -1
(C) 2x . e tan y = e2tan y + k (D) (x - 2) = k . e tan y


(68) Solution of the differential equation cos x . dy = y (sin x - y) dx, 0 < x < is :
2
(A) y tan x = sec x + c (B) tan x = (sec x + c) y
(C) y sec x = tan x + c (D) sec x = (tan x + c) y

d
(69) If y + (xy) = x (sin x + log x) then,
dx

2 2 x x c
(A) y = - cos x + sin x + 2 cos x + log x - + 2
x x 3 9 x

2 2 x x c
(B) y = cos x + sin x + 2 cos x + log x - + 2
x x 3 9 x

2 2 x x c
(C) y = - cos x - sin x + 2 cos x + log x - + 2
x x 3 9 x
(D) None of these

15
 dy
(70) The solution of x2y - x3 = y4 cos x; y(0) = 1 is :
dx
(A) x3 = y3 sin x (B) x3 = 3y3 sin x (C) y3 = 3x3 sin x (D) none the these

dy 1
(71) The solution of dx  is :
2x  y2

1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1
(A) x = c . e2y + y  y (B) x = c . e-y + y  y
2 2 4 4 4 2

1 2 1 1 1 2 1
(C) y = c . e-2x + x  x (D) x = c . ey + y  y
4 2 4 4 2

dy
(72) The solution of the equation x +y = 2y is :
dx
(A) xy2 = c2 (x + 2y) (B) y2 = c(x2 + 2y)

x  x 
(C) log (y - x) = c + (D) log   =c+y-x
yx x y

dy
(73) The solution of intial value problem x  x  y ; y(1) = 1 is y = ________ .
dx
(A) x log x - 1 (B) x log x + 1 (C) x (log x + 1) (D) none of these


(74) The slope of the tangent at (x, y) to a curve passing through (1, ) is given by
4

y y
 cos 2 , then the equation of the curve is :
x x

  e    e 
(A) y = tan-1 log    (B) y = x . tan-1 log   
  x    x 

x
(C) y = x tan  e 
-1
(D) none of these

16
 dy
(75) If x =y (log y - log x + 1), then the solution of the equation is :
dx

 y  y x x
(A) x log   = cy (B) log   = cx (C) log   = cy (D) y . log   = cx
x x  y  y

dy x  y
(76) The solution of the differential equation  satistying the condition y(1) = 1 is
dx x
:
(A) y = x lnx + x (B) y = lnx + x (C) y = x lnx + x2 (D) y = x . ex-1

y
 dy 
(77) The general solution of  x  y  e x = x2 cosx is :
 dx 

x x y y
(A) y = cos x + c (B) y = sin x + c (C) = sin x + c (D) = cos x + c
e e ex ex

y y
(78) The solution of differential equation x sin dy = (y sin - x) dx is :
x x

 y x
(A) log y = cos   +c (B) log x = cos   +c
 x  y

 y x
(C) log x = cos   +c (D) log y = cos   +c
 x  y

x2  y 2
(79) If the slope of tangent af (x, y) to the curve passing through (2, 1) is The
2 xy
equation of the curve is :
(A) 2(x2 - y2) = 6y (B) 2(x2 - y2) = 3x (C) x(x2 + y2) = 10 (D) x(x2 - y2) = 6

y y  dy y  y  dy y  
(80) Solution of cos  -  + sin  +  = o ; y (1) = is :
x x  dx x  x  dx x  2

y  y  y 
(A) y sin  (B) y sin  (C) y sin  (D) none of these
x 2x x x x 3x
17
(81) The solution of the differential equation y dx + (x + x2y) dy = 0 is :

1 1 1
(A) + log y = c (B) - + log y = c (C) - =c (D) log y = cx
xy xy xy

dy
(82) The solution of y5x + y - x = 0 is :
dx

5 4 5
 x x4 4 x
5 x5 1 x x4 1 x
(A)    = c (B)  xy   = c (C)    = c (D)    =c
 y 4 5 y 4 y y 5 y

x y 
dy    1 dx
(83) The solution of 2 2
x +y  x 2  y 2  is :
 

y -1
y2
(A) y = x tan (c - x) (B) y = x cot (c - x) (C) cos = -x + c (D) 2 = x tan (c - x)
x x

dy y
(84) The solution of the differential equation x2 - xy = 1 + cos is :
dx x

y 1 y 1
(A) tan =c+ (B) tan =c-
x x 2x 2x 2

y c y
(C) cos =1+ (D) x2 = (c + x2) . tan
x x x

2
 dy  dy
(85) A solution of the differential equation    x  y  O is :
 dx  dx

(A) y = 2 (B) y = 2x2 - 4 (C) y = 2x (D) y = 2x - 4

dy
(86) The solution of = 4x + y + 1 is : ________ .
dx
(A) 4x + y + 1 = c . ex (B) 4x + y + 5 = ex + c
(C) 4x + y + 5 = c . ex (D) none of these

18
 dy y x x x
(87) If the general solution of = + f   is y = log cx , then f   is given by :
dx x y y

x2 y2 -x 2 -y 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
y2 x2 y2 x2

(88) If f and g are twice differentiable on [0, 2] satisfying f11(x) = g11(x), f1(1) = 4, g1(1) = 1, f(3)
= 3, g(3) = 9, then f(x) - g(x) at x = 5 is :
(A) 0 (B) -30 (C) 30 (D) none of these

dy x 2  y 2
(89) Integral curve satisfying 
dx x 2  y 2 , y(1) = 1 has the slope at point (1, 0) of the

curve, equal to :

5 5
(A) (B) (C) 1 (D) -1
3 3

If integrating factor of : x(1 - x2) dy + (2x2y - y - ax3) dx = 0 is e  , then p is equal to :

p.dx
(90)

2x2 1 2 x 2  ax3 2x2 1

(A) 2x - 12

(B) x 1  x 2
 
(C) x 1  x 2
 (D)
ax3

(91) The solution of the equation (2x + y + 1) dx + (4x + 2y - 1) dy = 0 is :

(A) log |2x + y - 1| + x + 2y = c (B) log (2x + y + 1) + x + 2y = c
(C) log |2x + y - 1| = c + x + y (D) log (4x + 2y - 1) = c + 2x + y

d2y dy
(92) If f(x) and g(x) are two solutions of the differential equation q  x2  y  ex ,
dx 2 dx
then f(x) - g(x) is the solution of :

d2y x 2 d2y dy
(A) q ye (B) q   y  ex
2 2 dx
dx dx

2 d2y d2y dy
(C) q  y  ex (D) q  x2  yo
dx 2 dx 2 dx

19
 7
(93) Differential equation of the curves having the subnormal with units and passes
2
through (0, 0) is :
(A) x2 = 7y (B) y2 = 7x + c, ßÞkt c  0
(C) y2 = 7x (D) None of these
(94) Let m and n be respectively the degree and order of the differential equation of the
family of circles touching the lines y2 = x2 and lying in the 1st, 2nd quadrant. Then
(A) m = 1, n = 1 (B) m = 1, n = 2 (C) m = 2, n = 2 (D) none of these
(95) The solution of (3x + 2y + 1) dx - (3x + 2y - 1) dy = 0 is :

5
(A) (x - 2) + log (15x) = c (B) log (15x + 10y - 1) = c
2

5
(C) log (15x + 10y - 1) + (x - y) = c (D) none of these
2

 y
 
dy y x
   
(96) The solution of the differential equation dx x  y  is :
'  
x

 y  y  y  y
(A)     kx (B)     ky (C) x.  k (D) y.  k
 x  x  x  x
(97) The family passing through (0, 0) and satisfying the differential equation

y2  dny 
 1 where y n  n  is :
y1  dx 


(A) y = k (B) y = kx (C) y = k(ex - 1) (D) y = k (ex + 1)

20
 dy
(98) If sin (x + y) = 5 then
dx

dt dt
(A) 5   t  x (where t=x+y) (B) 5   t  x(where t=x+y)
5  sin t 5  sin t

dt dt
(C)  dx(where t=x+y) (D)  dt (where t=x+y)
5  cos ect 5s in t  1

dy
(99) The solution of x3 + 4x2 . tan y = ex . sec y satisfying y(1) = 0 is :
dx
(A) sin y = ex (x - 1) x-4 (B) tan y = (x - 1)ex . x-3
(C) sin y = ex (x - 1) x-3 (D) tan y = (x - 2)ex . log x

dy 1

(100) The solution of the differential equation dx xy  x 2 sin y 2  1 is :
 
2 2
(A) x2 (cos y2 - sin y2 - e-y ) = 4 (B) y2 (cos x2 - sin y2 - 2c . e-y ) = 2
2
(C) x2 (cos y2 - sin y2 - 2c e-y ) = 2 (D) none of these
Assertion - Reason Type Questions :
Each question has four choices (a), (b), (c) and (d) out of which only one is correct.
Write (a), (b), (c) and (d) according to the following rules.
(a) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True, Statement-2 is a correct explanation for
Statement-1.
(b) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True, Statement-2 is not a correct explanation for
Statement-1.
(c) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False.
(d) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True.

y
(101) Statement-1 : Curve satisfying the differential equation y ' = passing through (2, 1)
2x

1 
is a parabola with Focus  ,0  .
8 

' y
Statement-2 : The differential equation y  is variable separable.
2x

21
 dy y
(102) Statement-1 : Curve satisfying the differential equation  passing through
dx 2 x

1 
(2, 1) is a parabola with Focus  ,0  .
4 

dy y
Statement-2 : The differential equation  is variable separable.
dx 2 x
(103) Let (xy2 + x) dx + (y - x2y) dy = 0 satisfy y (0) = 0
Statement-1 : The curve represented by the solution of the given differential equation
is a circle.
Statement-2 : It is circle with radius 1 and centre (0, 0)
(104) Statement-1 : The differential equation of all circles in a plane must have maximum be
of order 3.
Statement-2 : There is only one circle passing through three non-collinear points.

dy x y x y
(105) Let + sin = sin .
dx 2 2
Statement-1 : A solution satisfying y(0) =  is periodic function with period 4 .
Statement-2 : y can be explicitly represented in terms of x.

22
 Hints

(2) y  c1.e c2 .e x  (c3  c 4 ).sin(x  c5 )

y = Aex + B sin (x + C)
where, A, B, C are three arbitrary constant.
 order = 3
2
 dy 
(3) Length of the normal = y 1    .
 dx 
(4) The differential equation cannot be expressed in a polynomial form.
(5) Let x = tan  and y = tan  ,
equation is,
sec  + sec  = k (tan  sec  - tan  sec  )

   
 cot  k
 2 

     2cot 1 k

 tan 1 x  tan 1 y  2cot 1 k

1 1 dy
 2
 2
O
1 x 1  y dx
 degree = 1
(7) Family of all parabolas, y2 = 4a(x - h), where a, h arbitrary constants.
(10) Equation of all tangent lines to the parabola

a
y2 = 4ax is, y  mx  ,
m
a = constants
m = arbitrary constants.
(11) Equation of all parabola,
(x - h)2 = 4by, where h, b is arbitrary constants.

23
(13) Equation of all conics,
ax2 + 2hxy + by2 = 1. Where a, h, b is arbitrary constants.
(14) According to the condition, equation of family of circle has two arbitrary constants.
(16) (c) and (d) is linear differential equation but (d) is differential equation of order 2.

(20) I.F.  e  p ( x ) dx  sin x  elog e sin x

  P(x)dx  log sin x

 P(x)  cot x

dx y 1
 x
(25) Differential equation, dy 1  y 2
 
1 y2

y
 dy
I.F. =  p ( y )dx 1 y 2
e e
(26) y2 = (x - c)3 ...(1)
 2yy1 = 3(x - c)2 ...(2)
(2) 3y
 xc 
(1) y1
(27) The differential equation whose general solution is,

y = Ae  x  B.e  x

is (D -  ) (D -  ) y = 0.

 (D - 2) (D + 3) y = 0 (  2,   3
 (D2 + D - 6) y = 0

d2y dy
 2
  6y  0
dx dx
(30) The equation of family of parabolas,
y2 = 4a(x + a), where a is arbitrary constants.

24
(31) The equation of family of parabolas,
(x - h) 2 = 4b (y - k), where, h, k, b arbitrary constants.

(32) The equation of family of parabolas,

(x - h)2 = 4b (y - k), where, h, k, b arbitrary constants.
(33) Asymptotes are mutually perpendicular
 curve is rectegular hyperbola with centre (1, 0)
 equation is

 x  12   y  o 2 1
a2 a2
where a = arbitrary constant.
(34) Equation of family of circle of radius ‘a’ is,
(x - h)2 + (y - k)2 = a2, where, h, k arbitrary constant and a = constant.
(36) Equation of family of lines,
y = mx + c, where m, c arbitary constant.
(37) Equation of family of circles,

 center  h, 2  , radius  5 

(x - h)2 + (y - 2)2 = 25,

where h = arbitary constant.
(38) Equation of family of circles,
(x - a)2 + y2 = a2,
where a = arbitary constant.
(39) Equation of family of circles,
x2 + (y - a)2 = a2,
where a = arbitary constant.

25
 x y
(41) Differential equation, dx + dy = 0
1+x 2 1+y2
is variables separable form.
(42) Differential equation,
(cy + d) dy = (ax + b) dx

y2 x2
c + dy = a + bx + k
2 2
is represent a parabola then, c = 0, a  0 OR c  o, a = 0

dy
(43) + a.y = emx is linear differential equation.
dx

 I.F. = e   e   e ax
P( x).dx a.dx

dy x
(44) Here, = ,
dx y

 y.dy  x.dx ,
is variables separable form.

dx
(45) Here, = x+1 , is variables separable form.
dt
Now, x = 99 m then t = ?
(46) Differential equation,

1  cos x
dy  dx
y 1 2+sinx

 og ( y  1)  og 2  sin x  log c

c
 y+1 =
2  sin x

dy
(47) = (1+x) (1+y 2 )
dx

1
 dy  (1  x)dx
1  y2

26
 1 1
(48) Differential equation, dy  dx  o
y x
(49) Differential equation, y . dy = (a - x) . dx

d2 y
(50) =0
dx 2

dy
 =c
dx
y = cx + k, is represent line.

d2 y
(52) 2
=e-2x
dx

dy
 =  e-2x dx
dx
dy 1
 =- .e-2x +c
dx 2
-1
y  e-2x dx +  c d x
2

(53) Differential equation,

1
dy  dx
y3

dx
(54) y x
dy

dx
y =kx
dy

dy
(55) y  y2
dx

dy
y =ky 2
dx

27
 d2 y
(56) = log x
dx 2

dy

dx 
= logx.dx

dy
(59) Differential equation, = e y e x + x 2 
dx  

1

e y  
dy = e x + x 2 dx, is variable separable form.

dy 1
(60) =1- 2
dx x

 1 
dy =  1 - 2  dx
 x 
(61) Differential equation,

dy
= e3x+4y
dx

dy
 = e3x e 4y
dx

 e-4y dy = e3x dx

dy
(63) Differential equation, = sin 1 a
dx

  1. dy =  sin 1a.dx

dy
(64) Differential equation, -y=1
dx

1
 dy  dx
y 1

28
(65) Differential equation,

dx -1
1+y 2  dy
+x=e-tan y

1
dx 1 e  tan y
 + x=
dy 1+y 2 1+y 2
is linear differential equation.

I. F. = e  p ( y ) dy

1
 1 y 2 1
=e  e tan y

dy sin 2 y
(66) =
dx x  tan y

dx x  tan y
 =
dy sin 2 y

dx 1 1
 - x
dy sin 2 y 2cos 2 y
is linear differential equation.
1 1
  log tan y
I. F. = e sin 2 y
e 2

dy 1
(68) = y tanx - y2
dx cos x

1 dy 1
 = tan x  sec x
y 2 dx y

-dt  1 1 dy dt 
 = t. tanx - secx    t  2  
dx  y y dx dx 

dt
 + tanx.t = secx , is linear differential equation.
dx

29
 tanx. dx
I. F. = e 

d
(69) y + (xy) = x (sin x + log x)
dx

dy
y+ x + y = x (sin x + log x)
dx

dy 2
+ . y = sin x + log x, is linear differential equation.
dx x
(70) Differential equation,

1 1 1 dy 1
. - = cos x (  x 3 y 4  o
x y 3 y 4 dx x3

1
by taking = t , it will be a linear differential equation.
y3

dy
(71) = 2x - y 2
dx

dx
 - 2. x = - y 2
dy

-2 .dy
I. F. = e 
= e-2y
(72) Differential equation,

dy 2y-x
= , is , is Homogeneous differential equation.
dx y
take y =  x

dy y y
(74) = - cos 2 ,
dx x x
is Homogeneous differential equation.

30
(75) Differential equation,

dy y  y 
= log  1 , is
dx x  x 
Homogeneous differential equation.

y
(77) Take =
x

dy
yx
dx d
 
x2 dx

dy d
x  y  x2.
dx dx
 differential equation,
d 
x2 . .e  x 2 .cos x
dx


  e .d   cosx.dx

dy x 2  y 2
(79)  , is
dx 2xy
Homogeneous differential equation.

y yy2 y
 sin cos
dy x x x 2 x
(80) dx

y y y
cos + sin
x x x
is Homogeneous differential equation.
(81) Differential equation, y dx + x dy = - x2 . y dy

y.dx  xdy 1
   dy
x2 . y 2 y

take xy = t.

31
(82) Differential equation,
y5 x dx + y dx - x dy = 0

x 3  y.dx-xdy  x3
x 4 .dx +   = o (mulfi pul by
y3  y 2  y5

x
take =
y
(83) differential equation,
xdy  ydx
xdy  ydx x2
  dx  2
 dx
x 2  y2 y
1 2
x

y
take 
x
(84) Differential equation,

dy  y 
x2 - xy = 2 cos 2  
dx  2x 

 dy 
 x  y
1  y 1
 sec 2    dx2  = 3
2  2x   x  x
 

d   y  1
 tan   
dx   2x   x 3

dy
(85) Take = p,
dx
p2 - xp + y = 0
 y = xp - p2 ... (1)
dy dp
 = (x - 2p) +p
dx dx

dp
 p  (x - 2p) +p
dx

32
 dp
 =o
dx
 p=constant
 from (1), y = x . c - c2, here c = 2
(86) Take 4x + y + 1 =  .

y x 1
(87) Take   , then 
x y 

(88) f "(x)  g "(x)  f '(x)  g '(x)  c

(91) Take 2x + y = 

(92) af "(x)  x 2f '(x)  y  e x and ag"(x)  x 2g '(x)  y  e x

 a f " g"  x f ' g '  f  g   0

2

d2y dy
a 2
+x 2 +y=O
dx dx

dy 7
(93) y =
dx 2
(94) Equation of the family of circles, (x - 0)2 + (y - b)2 = r2, where b, r arbitrary constant.
(95) Take 3x + 2y = 

y
(96) Take 
x

y2
(97) 1
y1

d
 log y1   1
dx
(98) Differential equation,

dy
= 5cosec (x+y)
dx
take x + y = t

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(99) Both side multiply by xcos y,

dy
x 4 . cosy + 4x3 . sin y = x . ex
dx

d

dx
 x 4 siny  = x.ex
(100) Differential equation,

dy
= xy [x2 sin y2 + 1]
dx

1 dx 1
 3 dy
- 2 y = y siny 2
x x

1
take   t,
x2
Differential equation,

dt
+ 2 y.t = 2y siny 2
dy

I.F. = e  2 y.dy  e y 2

dy y
(101) For the given differential equation, =
dx 2x
1 1
2 dy = dx (separable variable form)
y x

 2 log y = log x + log c

1
 y2 = x
2

1 
 co-ordinates of focus point are  8 , o  and statement-2 satisfy the statment-1.
 
(103) Solution of the given differential equation exists as the equation x2 + y2 = 0 which is point - circle.
(104) If the circle passes through three non-collinear points, then the equation of a circle consists three
arbitary constants.

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(105) Differential equation,

dx x-y x+y
= sin - sin
dy 2 2

dy y x
 = - 2 sin cos
dx 2 2
It solution,

 x
-2 sin
1  2
y = 4tan e
 
 
is periodic fuction with period 4

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 Answers
1-A 2-C 3-B 4-D 5-C 6-A 7-A 8-D 9-D 10-C

11-A 12-D 13-B 14-A 15-B 16-C 17-D 18-B 19-B 20-C

21-C 22-A 23-D 24-C 25-B 26-C 27-A 28-C 29-D 30-D

31-B 32-B 33-A 34-D 35-C 36-C 37-A 38-A 39-A 40-C

41-C 42-B 43-C 43-C 45-A 46-B 47-B 48-C 49-B 50-B

51-B 52-A 53-C 54-B 55-D 56-A 57-A 58-C 59-B 60-C

61-D 62-A 63-B 64-D 65-B 66-A 67-C 68-D 69-A 70-B

71-A 72-C 73-C 74-B 75-B 76-A 77-C 78-C 79-B 80-A

81-B 82-C 83-A 84-B 85-D 86-C 87-D 88-A 89-C 90-B

91-A 92-D 93-C 94-B 95-C 96-A 97-C 98-B 99-A 100-C

101-A 102-D 103-C 104-A 105-B

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