DEDICATION

Special thanks to my mother Madam K.Maliga, family members, friends and staffs of
Radicare (M) SDN.BHD Temerloh Pahang branch. They guided me well all through my
industrial training for 10 weeks. All their guidance and lessons helped me a lot during my
training and increase my understanding in the field of practical working.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I am using this opportunity to express my gratitude to my mother and everyone who

supported me throughout the course of Industrial Training. I am thankful for their
aspiring guidance, invaluably constructive criticism and friendly advice throughout my
training. I am sincerely grateful to them for sharing their truthful and illuminating views
during training.

I express my warm thanks to Operation Manager Mr.Ahmad Suhaimi b.Ngah and

Technical Manager Service Centre Mr. Mazlan b.Mohd Noor for their acceptance of my
application for my industrial training at Radicare under Radibems Department from 23
June 2014 until 29 August 2014. Deepest appreciation to my supervisor in Radicare
Radibems deparment Mr. Azman b Ani for his guidance and support during my training.

I would also like to thank permanent staffs of Radibems, Radicare who guided me all
through my training by giving advices, exposing me to management and technical
approaches. Hereby I would like to mention their names. Special thanks to Mr.Nur
Azuan, Mrs.Siti Azwani, Mrs.Zuraimah, Mr Kamarul Anuar, Mr Faisal Anuar, Mr Mohd
Fazrul, Mr. Mohd Amiro Naim,Mr Mohd Hidayat, Mr.Mohd Azhar,Mr Muhd
Sarulnazam,Mr Mohd Faizul, and Mr Nazri. With their guidance and lessons I manage to
finish my training successfully.

Thank you,

Sargunan
Contents
DEDICATION .................................................................................................................................... 1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................... 2
1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 5
1.1 OBJECTIVE OF INDUSTRIAL TRAINING ............................................................................ 6
1.2 COMPANY BACKGROUND ..................................................................................................... 7
1.3 MISSION ................................................................................................................................. 8
1.4 VISION .................................................................................................................................... 8
1.5 ORGANIZATION CHART OF RADIBEMS ( RADICARE ) ........................................................... 9
1.6 SERVICES PROVIDED BY RADICARE (M) SDN BHD.............................................................. 10
2.0 RADICARE MANAGEMENT DOCUMENTS ......................................................................... 11
2.1 Work Order Slip ............................................................................................................. 11
2.2 Complaint Form ............................................................................................................. 12
2.3 Purchasing Spare parts documents .............................................................................. 13
2.4 Equipment Acceptance Register ( E.A.R ) ..................................................................... 16
2.5 Beyond Economic Repair certificate ................................................................................... 17
3.0 RADIBEMS................................................................................................................................ 18
3.1 PLAN PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE ( PPM ) ........................................................................ 20
3.2 SUMMARIZATION OF PPM ROUTINE ............................................................................. 21
Infants Incubators ATOM model v-85............................................................................... 21
3.3 SIEMENS Ultrasound Machine ........................................................................................ 27
3.4 Electrical Surgical Unit ( Diathermy ) .............................................................................. 29
3.5 Defibrillator Schiller DEFIGUARD 3002 ........................................................................... 32
3.6 Computerized Tomography ............................................................................................ 33
3.7 Metron Interferential Theraphy ( IFT ) ........................................................................... 34
3.8 Syringe Pump / Driver B.Braun ....................................................................................... 36
Post-PPM Documentations ....................................................................................................... 38
4.0 BREAKDOWN MAINTENANCE ............................................................................................. 39
4.1 SUMMARIZATION OF BREAKDOWN ROUTINE ............................................................... 41
Syringe Driver/Pump ............................................................................................................. 41
4.2 Kodak DryView 8900, Laser Dry Imager ......................................................................... 42
4.3 Infusion Pump, Drip ( Infusomat Fms B.Braun ) ............................................................. 43
4.4 Phototheraphy Unit ........................................................................................................ 44
 4.5 Physical Monitor.............................................................................................................. 45
4.6 Ripple Mattress ............................................................................................................... 46
4.7 Radiant Warmer Open Care Unit .................................................................................... 47
4.8 Electrocardiography ( ECG )Unit ..................................................................................... 48
4.9 Analyzer of Blood Gaseous ( ABG Machine ) .................................................................. 50
4.10 CPU of Mammography Unit .......................................................................................... 52
4.11 Ion Selective Electrode Analyzer ( ISE 900 ) ................................................................. 54
4.12 TERUMO Blood Bag Sealer ............................................................................................ 58
4.13 OLYMPUS Microscope ................................................................................................... 59
4.14 Endoscopy Set , Pentax ( Gastroscope ) ....................................................................... 60
5.0 Equipment Acceptance Procedure ( E.A.P )........................................................................ 62
5.1 Documentation of E.A.P .................................................................................................. 64
6.0 Beyond Economic Repair ( B.E R ) ....................................................................................... 65
7.0 Comments and Suggestions .................................................................................................... 68
8.0 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................... 69
9.0 Reference................................................................................................................................. 70
10.0 Appendices ........................................................................................................................ 71
10.1 Formal Documentation Sample of Radicare .................................................................... 71
10.2 Encyclopedia of Medical Instrumentations and Devices World Health Organization .... 72
1.0 INTRODUCTION

Industrial training is a training which is compulsory for every student in University of

Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia ( UTHM ). It is a prerequisite for every student in third year
to undergo their industrial training before they enter their final year of studies.

Every student allowed to choose their own company and send their curricular vitae to
respective choice of company that they wanted to do their industrial training. Students of
FKEE UTHM are required to carry out their industrial training from 23 of June 2014
until 29 of August 2014 as it is decided by management of FKEE UTHM.

It is vital for every student to go through their industrial training because it create a
platform for every student to apply their theoretical knowledge in industrial field.
 1.1 OBJECTIVE OF INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

There are few objectives need to be achieved through industrial training which are ;

I. Exposure toward industrial field

II. Create awareness among student regarding the importance of practicing their
theoretical knowledge

III. Increase and broaden their knowledge about technical approaches.

IV. Students able to relate their theoretical knowledge with the working platform.

V. Sharpen their soft skills and public relation

1.2 COMPANY BACKGROUND

Figure 1.2.1 Official Company Logo of Radicare

Figure 1.2.2 Official Logo Of Radibems

 Radicare (M) SDN BHD was one of the entrusted company for their services
in government hospital. Radicare consist of systematic management and was
acknowledge ISO 9002 in year 2000. Radicare provide their hospital supportive
service in five states which are Kuala Lumpur,Selangor,Pahang,Terengganu and
Kelantan.

In order to provide a systematic and well managed maintenance services, Padicare

uses a high technology approach in their routine. Radicare have their own data
and information management system named as RINTIS which meant by ‘
Radicare Integrated Information System’to link the hospital and Health Ministry
about the services provided

Radibems was one of the concession which provide Biomedical Engineering

Maintenances services for the government hospital medical devices and
equipments.

1.3 MISSION
 To become an active organization which provide a high quality services in
health sector by giving high commitment and being more responsive
towards customer needs.

1.4 VISION
 to project in the front line as an effective company in health supportive
services organization
1.5 ORGANIZATION CHART OF RADIBEMS ( RADICARE )
1.6 SERVICES PROVIDED BY RADICARE (M) SDN BHD

Radicare provide few services under their sub-concession which are biomedical
engineering maintenance services, facility engineering maintenance services, clinical
waste management and cleansing and linen.

The function of sub-concession are as follow :

I. RADIBEMS – carry out maintenance services for medical equipment and

devices.
II. FEMS – carry out all maintenance services which related about civil, electrical,
mechanical and air conditioning.
III. CLINICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT – get rid of clinical waste safely by
combustion of waste which does not produce any pollutants in order to avoid any
biohazards tragedy.
IV. CLEANSING AND LINEN – ensure clean environment and manage laundries of
hospital

RADIBEMS
CLINICAL WASTE
BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT
MAINTENANCE SERVICES

TYPE OF
SERVICES

FEMS
CLEANSING AND LINEN FACILITY ENGINEERING
MAINTENANCE
2.0 RADICARE MANAGEMENT DOCUMENTS

2.1 Work Order Slip

Work order slip was filled in as soon as complaint was lodge by user at Help Desk.
Usually necessary information will be filled in by Help Desk staffs such as asset number,
asset description, locations and request details. Work order is a proving document that
task had been done and verified by user himself. Signature and designation stamp of user
are required during responding the complaint and after accomplished the task. Usually
used for PPM and Breakdown.

Figure 2.1.1 Example of Work Order Slip

 2.2 Complaint Form

Complaint form usually attached along with Work Order Slip where by the details of
breakdown will be written on it. The details include asset number, asset description, user
location, user designation, and request details.

Figure 2.2.1 Example of Complaint Form

 2.3 Purchasing Spare parts documents

During breakdown or corrective maintenance replacing parts are necessary to increase the
efficiency of medical devices. In case when the spare parts are no longer available, it is
necessary to buy the parts either from sole agent, or other vendors in the market. Before
purchasing any spare parts there are certain procedures need to be followed.

Request for Quotation ( RFQ ) :

sending an email or official RFQ Quotation : Select the best
to vendors or sole agent to quotation according to price
survey on spare parts and the and quality of parts.
price they offered us.

Purchase Request Form ( PRA) :

prepare an official document
Purchase Order : official
about the asset and required
purchase order to vendors
parts with technical report
about the part that required.
signed and verified by technical
manager.

Figure 2.3.1 Flowchart of purchasing spare parts

Figure 2.3.2 Example of Purchase Request Attachment
Figure 2.3.3 Example of Request For Quotation
 2.4 Equipment Acceptance Register ( E.A.R )

E.A.R is like a “birth-certificate” of a new equipment registered under hospital asset. It

contain the detail of the equipment, location, manufacturer details, and maintenance
period.

Figure 2.4.1 Example of E.A.R

2.5 Beyond Economic Repair certificate
When an equipment’s fixing cost is 80% of its original price and the spare parts no longer
available in the market it will be suggested to be register as BER items. After 6months
period of BER process a certificate will be produced to inform user and maintenance
team in Radicare that the item or equipment no longer usable and registered under BER.

Figure 2.5.1 Example of BER certificate

3.0 RADIBEMS
Group of expertise in biomedical engineering field who carry out maintenances and
breakdown management of medical devices and equipment in government hospital. It is
their responsible to carry out equipment acceptance procedure ( E.A.P), plan preventive
maintenance ( P.P.M ), beyond economic repair ( B.E.R ) and breakdown (B.D).

Duty Routine that carried out

E.A.P  Perform safety check for new medical devices and
equipment that had been issued as hospital asset.
 Ensure user ( doctors and nurses) have been explain
about the new devices.
 Register the new devices under asset register.
 Prepare schedule for maintenance services for both
vendor and PPM team
P.P.M  Scheduled maintenance
 Maintenance service will be perform for all medical
devices according to schedule that have been
prepared for each and every device.
 During PPM few aspects will be measured on the
device such as functionality, electrical safety check,
asset labelling and cleanliness and safety.

B.D  Unscheduled maintenance

 Complaint will lodge to Help Desk with the details
such as location, device name, error or faulty that
shown by device and asset number.
 B.D team will be informed about the breakdown
and they have to take action according to complaint
that been lodge.
  The faulty devices will be fixed either in user
location or brought back to workshop in case it
required further inspections.
 In case technical support team unable to fix it or
asset is under warranty the vendor will be informed
to perform the breakdown services.
B.E.R  Beyond economic repair will be perform when
fixing cost of the asset exceed 80% of original asset
price.
 A B.E.R certificate will be issued where by the user
and Radicare declare the asset is no longer
economical to be fixed and unable to be used.
 Few factors are taken in count in order to register
the asset as B.E.R asset which are
 Spare parts no longer available
 Devices are obsolete
 Fixing cost too expensive exceeding 80% of its
original price.
3.1 PLAN PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE ( PPM )
PPM is a preventive method used by Radibems to inspect the devices and
equipment. PPM will be carry out according to schedule of devices and equipment.
Certain devices requires PPM twice in a year while others require once in a year. The
frequent of devices to undergoes PPM depends on the usage, functionality and vendors
recommendations.

Before a device undergoes PPM, a notice will be issued to user in order to inform them
about the particular device with specific asset number will be check on a specific date
and request the user to keep the device in-free and allow them to perform PPM on the
devices. In case the devices need to be used due to emergency cases PPM can be
rescheduled. The significant objectives of performing PPM are the devices are functional
and safe to be used on patient. Steps of PPM are as follow :

Ensure the medical devices are free from any impurities

or dust and clean condition.

Ensure the medical devices are functioning well with all

the parameters are in good conditions.

Perform Electrical Safety Test ( EST ) in order to make

sure it is electrically safe to be in contact with patient
and user.

Label the medical devices with PPM stickers that inform

the user the next PPM date and the staff who perform
the PPM

Fill in the Work Order and signed and stamped by user.

3.2 SUMMARIZATION OF PPM ROUTINE
Infants Incubators ATOM model v-85
Date 24th June 2014
Frequency of PPM Twice in a year
Function of device Incubate premature born baby to maintain their
temperature and isolate them from any risks of being
infected by any bacteria and further complexion.
Procedures  Dissemble incubators parts and identify any
cloaked or impurities from medicines or dusts.
 In there are presence of dust and impurities clean
up the dirt.
 Open up air chamber to ensure it is dust-free. If
there is any presence of dust around air chamber
clean it. It is vital to perform this step to avoid the
infant from inhaling contaminated oxygen.
 Ensure the microfilter is clean else replace a new
microfilter.
 Perform decibel check ( dB Check ) to ensure the
sound level inside incubator is below 60 dB to
avoid the infants suffer from hearing damage.
 Internal temperature is calibrated according to
temperature sensor and control unit.
Figure 3.2.1 Dissemble the incubator

Figure 3.2.2 Air-chamber fan

Figure 3.2.3 Air-chamber opening

Figure 3.2.4 Cleaned top cover

Figure 3.2.5 Sound Level Meter

Figure 3.2.6 Sound level check

Figure 3.2.7 Temperature calibration
Work Order for Mobile Infant Incubator ATOM Medical Corp V-85
3.3 SIEMENS Ultrasound Machine

Date 16th July 2014

Frequency of PPM Once in a year ( Under Warranty )
Function Ultrasound scanning for abdomen, intestines,
skin level, cardiology and foetus scanning
Procedure  Check the CPU parts, keyboard, monitor and
mouse pad. Clean the dust.
 Check the probes. Ensure all probes are
functioning.
 Perform electrical safety test.

Figure 3.3.1 PPM for Ultrasound Machine

Sample Image produced by SIEMENS Ultrasound Machine
3.4 Electrical Surgical Unit ( Diathermy )

Date 18th July 2014

Frequency of PPM Once in a year ( Under Warranty )
Function Cut and coagulate skins, nerves and tissues instantly by
using electrical energy.
Procedure  Ensure dust-free
 Coagulate and cut are functional
 “Pencil-knife” is functioning in a good
condition.
 Check whether the contact pad is functional.
 Perform Monopolar and Bipolar test
 Perform electrical safety test.
 Figure 3.4.1 Electrical Surgical Unit

Figure 3.4.2 Electrical Surgical Unit with foot pedal

Quantitative Test of Electrical Surgical Unit
3.5 Defibrillator Schiller DEFIGUARD 3002
Date 12th August 2014
Frequency of PPM Twice in a year
Function Shoot a high voltage impulse to patients chest to
initiate sinusoid atria impulse when the heart stop
pumping. The high voltage impulse will trigger the
heart to pump the blood when the pedals come in
contact with patients chest.
Procedure  Check with quantitative test which consist of
charging time of 360 Joules energy, Joules test,
pedal condition and ECG probe testing
 Perform Electrical Safety Test
 Ensure the internal parts and pedals are clean
and safe to be used.

Figure 3.5.1 Defibrillator with Testing and Analyzing machine

3.6 Computerized Tomography

Date 14th August 2014

Frequency of PPM Once in a year ( Under Warranty )
Function Uses computer-processed x-rays to
produce tomographic images(virtual 'slices') of specific
areas of the scanned object, allowing the user to see
what is inside it without cutting it open. Digital
geometry processing is used to generate a three-
dimensional image of the inside of an object from a
large series of 2 dimensional radiographic images taken
around a single axis of rotation.
Procedure  Check the synchronization of computer , laser
imager and scanning machine
 Ensure power supply functioning well
 Ensure no expose wires or broken parts
 Apply for vendors service if the machine is
suspicious.

Figure 3.6.1 CT-Scan

3.7 Metron Interferential Theraphy ( IFT )

Date 14th August 2014

Frequency of PPM Once in a year
Function  Stimulation can be applied using pad electrodes and
sponge covers (which when wet provide a
reasonable conductive part), though
electroconductive get is an effective alternative.
The sponges should be thoroughly wet to ensure
even current distribution.

 The are 4 main clinical applications for which IFT

appears to be used:

 Pain relief
 Muscle stimulation
 Increased local blood flow
 Reduction of oedema

In addition, claims are made for its role in stimulating

healing and repair.

Procedure  Check collection tank ensure no over spilled

water.
 No cloaked or rusted electrodes
 Ensure power supply functioning well
 Ensure no expose wires or broken parts
 Apply for vendors service if the machine is
suspicious.
 Figure 3.7.1 Metron IFT

Figure 3.7.2 Internal Metron IFT circuitry

3.8 Syringe Pump / Driver B.Braun

Date 18th August 2014

Frequency of PPM Once in a year
Function  A syringe pump is used to drive liquid/medicines
into patients body in a constant rate fixed by user or
doctor. It prevent sudden fluctuating amount of
medicines drive into patients body which may cause
harm.

Procedure  First ensure the power plug and the cord are safe to
be used. No expose area or opening along the cord.
 Second, clean up blood stain or medicines stain on
syringe pump using alcohol swab.
 Third, check the set up button by verifying the
functionality of power button, display switch, and
stop/silence button to direct the syringe pump about
the size of syringe used.
 Forth , Infusion test with 60mL/h and Occlusion test
with 30mL/h
 Electrical Safety test performed with IEC60601
class 1
 Lastly , stick on the PPM sticker.
Figure 3.8.1 Syringe Pump flowchart

Figure 3.8.2 Occlusion Test table

Post-PPM Documentations
After a device undergoes plan preventive maintenance, electrical safety test (EST) must
be performed on the device to declare the device are safe to be used and does not cause
any harm electrically on patients or users.

The analyzers used for EST are Metron Bender and Fluke EST Analyzer.
4.0 BREAKDOWN MAINTENANCE
Breakdown maintenance or known as B.D is an unscheduled procedure that
implemented when medical devices faces error or becomes faulty during it service or
emergency. It is Radibems responsible for attend the case and find a solution for the
breakdown in order to prolonged the service of the medical devices. Certain breakdown
can be fixed in a short period of time while others have to pass by certain procedures that
require vendors or specialist service to handle the breakdown such Magnetic Resonance
Imaging machine ( MRI ).

The outline of breakdown maintenance as follow :

4.1 SUMMARIZATION OF BREAKDOWN ROUTINE
Syringe Driver/Pump
Function : Drive syringe with medicines into patients body with a constant rate. To
prevent any occlusion due to human insertion of medicines through syringe.
Date 24th June 2014
Location NICU
Complaint  Does not show any sign or indicator of being
charge when it is fixed with direct power supply.
Sources of defect  Worn out rechargeable Nickel-Cadmium
battery.
Actions taken  Replace and fix in new Nickel-Cadmium
rechargeable battery.
 Clean the device with contact cleaner and
cleaning foam
 Perform Electrical Safety test
 Fill in work order.

Figure 4.1.1 Syringe Pump with Ni-Cd battery

4.2 Kodak DryView 8900, Laser Dry Imager
Function : Print out the image of X-ray and CT-Scan
Date 24th June 2014
Location Imaging Diagnostics
Complaint  Unable to print the image into the film. Jammed
film.
Sources of defect  Worn out roller and tray
Actions taken  Contact Carestream Health to request
breakdown service from vendor
 Apply RFQ,PRA,PO to purchase roller and tray
for laser imager.
 Vendor fix the new spare parts

Figure 4.2.1 Kodak DryView 8900, Laser Dry Imager

4.3 Infusion Pump, Drip ( Infusomat Fms B.Braun )
Function : Allow the drips to be driven into patient body with a constant rate and alarmed
the nurse when the run out of drips for immediate replacement.
Date 24th June 2014
Location Intensive Care Unit
Complaint  When the drip was run, the devices keep on
displaying “ Drip Alarm”.
 After had been charge, and turned on the device
automatically go off
Sources of defect  Worn out Trepfonsensor, drip sensor
 Worn out rechargeable battery
Actions taken  Replace new drip sensor
 Replace new rechargeable battery
 Clean the device with contact cleaner and
cleaning foam
 Perform EST
 Fill in work order

Figure 4.3.1 Infusomat Fms B.Braun with drip sensor

4.4 Phototheraphy Unit
Function : To expose UV rays on babies having Jaundice
Date 26th June 2014
Location Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Complaint  UV lamp ( Blue Lamp) does not light up when it is
turned on.
Sources of defect  Faulty UV lamps
Actions taken  Replace new UV lamps
 Perform power plug check and fuse check.

Figure 4.4.1 Phototheraphy Unit with UV Lamp

4.5 Physical Monitor
Function : able to monitor patient’s blood pressure, oxypulsemeter , and ECG. Help
nurses and doctors to keep patients general health condition in view and attention.
Date 27th June 2014
Location Cardio Care Unit
Complaint  LCD display blackout
Sources of defect  Faulty inverter
Actions taken  Replace new inverter
 Perform power plug check and fuse check.

Figure 4.5.1 Physical Monitor with inverter

4.6 Ripple Mattress
Function : used for patient as mattress involve in accidents and burn. To prevent further
inflammation on their skin due rough surface of normal mattress.
Date 30th June 2014
Location Accident and Emergency Ward
Complaint  Mattress unable to inflate and deflate alternatively.
Sources of defect  Output nozzle broken and leakage of air
Actions taken  Replace new output nozzle and airway tubing.
 Clean the pump and mattress.

Figure 4.6.1 Ripple mattress and air pump

4.7 Radiant Warmer Open Care Unit
Function : A bed with heating element to maintain new born babies body temperature and
keep in view their internal conditions which include body temperature and heart beats.
Date 30th June 2014
Location Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Complaint  Heating element unable to maintain body
temperature.
Sources of defect  Broken heating element in radiant lamp
Actions taken  Replace radiant lamp
 Check power plug
 Calibrate control unit of body temperature
 Check temperature sensor

Figure 4.7.1 Radiant Warmer Open Care with Heating Element

4.8 Electrocardiography ( ECG )Unit
Function : ECG is used to monitor patients electrical rhythmic impulses in hearts in the
form of P-QRS complex.
Date 30th June 2014
Location Accident and Emergency Ward
Complaint  ECG reading produced consist of noise and
disturbances.
Sources of defect  Oxidized electrodes and chest bulb
 ECG not calibrated
Actions taken  Replace new electrodes and chest bulb
 Calibrate the ECG with tester and print out the
result to view the efficiency
 Perform power plug check and fuse check.

Figure 4.8.1 Calibration of ECG using analyzer/tester

Result of calibrated ECG.
4.9 Analyzer of Blood Gaseous ( ABG Machine )
Function : used to measure pH, pCO2, pO2 of arterial blood sample and calculate certain
parameters in blood such as hydrogen bicarbonate ions.

Date 7th July 2014

Location Pathology Laboratory
Complaint  Prolonged display of error and inaccurate
measurement of blood sample.
 Error code :
 Error 3-6 = Rinse and Calibration needed.
Sources of defect  ABG measurement was out of scale due to it is
left uncalibrated for long period of time.
Actions taken  Carry out liquid sensing adjustment
 Refill mode option was pressed
 Press Calibrate 1option for ABG calibration for
2.25 minutes for pH calibration using two kind
of reference solution – Sol 1 ( pH 7.383 ) and
Sol 2
( pH 6.841 )
 Press Calibrate 2 for calibration about 5.50
minutes further calibration of gaseous using
Gas 1 and Gas 2 from gas tank.
 Gas 1 ( O2 calibration ) and Gas 2
( CO2 calibration )
Gas 1 and gas 2 Solution 1 and Solution 2

Figure 4.9.1 Analyzer of Blood Gaseous

4.10 CPU of Mammography Unit
Function : Mammography is a process of using low-energy X-rays (usually around
30 kVp) to examine the human breast and is used as a diagnostic and a screening tool.
The goal of mammography is the early detection of breast cancer, typically through
detection of characteristic masses and/or microcalcifications. Computer aided
mammography help radiologists to see the detail and diagnose their findings in image by
clear scaling the image.

Date 9th July 2014

Location Imaging Diagnostics Laboratory
Complaint  Monitor showing these error once the
mammography unit is turned on
 IDPROM are invalid
 Power On self Test failed
 Cause : NVRAM U13
Sources of defect  NVRAM faulty
Actions taken  Clean the RAM with contact cleaner
 Ensure all cables are functional and no damage
on it
 Contact vendor for further details
 Vendors suggesting purchase of new NVRAM
due to defective old NVRAM
 PO is issued for new NVRAM costing RM
13,000.00
 For temporary usage every time user turn on the
mammography unit. Type “ Reboot System ”
and press ENTER
Figure 4.10.1 CPU with Mammography Unit

Figure 4.10.2 Type of errors shown by CPU

4.11 Ion Selective Electrode Analyzer ( ISE 900 )
Function : Ions analyzing for Na+, Cl-, K+, creatinine, hydrogen carbonate and
thyroxine. Intake sample from both blood and urine.

Date 10th July 2014

Location Pathology Lab
Complaint  Abnormal movements of probes and persistent low
value reading all kinds of sample from patients.
Sources of defect  Error 3-6 require calibration and cleansing.
Actions taken I. Use syringe and bleaching agent to flush the tubing from
any impurities
II. Execute liquid sensing calibrations
III. Execute waste flushing
IV. Cleanse the electrodes with bleaching agent and patients
serum
V. Change new electrodes due to same error shown
VI. Execute ISE Check and observe the result
VII. Stability was reached but too low
VIII. Run the operation of flushing with serums
IX. Execute dummy test with serum and ISE standard
electrolyte
X. Quality control was executed with PPU and PNU
Figure 4.11.1 ISE 900 Internal built and manual operation

Figure 4.11.2 Probes for sample intake

 Figure 4.11.3 Tubing and Electrodes flushing

Figure 4.11.4 Bleaching agent and serum

 Figure 4.11.5 Electrodes in position

Figure 4.11.6 ISE standard electrolyte

4.12 TERUMO Blood Bag Sealer
Function : used to seal blood bag tubing to prevent any coagulation, infection or leakage.

Date 28th August 2014

Location Blood Bank Lab
Complaint  Excessive heating causing blood bag tube leaks
Sources of defect  Heating element excessive heating. Need to be
calibrated
Actions taken I. Turn the calibration screw and adjust it with testing
the sealing effect on tubing.
II. After sealing pattern are confirmed clean the sealer
from any blood stain.
III. Check the power plug.

Figure 4.12.1 TERUMO Blood Bag Sealer

4.13 OLYMPUS Microscope
Function : To observe red blood cell, white blood cell, and any microscopic level cells
from human body.

Date 29th August 2014

Location Blood Bank Lab
Complaint  Halogen lamp does not light up
Sources of defect  Worn out halogen lamp terminal
 Connective jumper worn out
Actions taken  Remove oxidized layer on lamp terminal by using
sandpaper and alcohol swab.
 Replace new connective jumper
 Replace new halogen lamp
 Check power plug

Figure 4.13.1 OLYMPUS Microscope

4.14 Endoscopy Set , Pentax ( Gastroscope )
Function : insertion of flexible tubes contains a fibreoptic light bundle which transmit
light from the light source to the tip of the endoscope. Each fibre optic bundle consists of
thousands of individual glass fibers coated with glass causing internal reflection that
allow light transmission through the fiber even when it is flexed. Light is used to
illuminate the field of view in the patient’s colon or gastrointestinal and video images are
detected by CCD and are then transmitted to the video processor and displayed on
monitor.

Date 29th August 2014

Location Endoscopy Room
Complaint  Gastroscope unable to adjust light intensity itself
Sources of defect  Illuminating element in gastroscope faulty
 May due to punctured area and infuse of fluids inside
gastroscope.
Actions taken  Check the image produced.
 Verified the problem
 Contact the vendor because unit is under warranty
 Vendor provide temporary loan unit.
 After 2 weeks gastroscope unit had been fixed, source of
defects is burnt out lighting element.
 Replace new lighting element
 Verify the functionality

Figure 4.14.1 Gastroscope

Figure 4.14.2 Sample of good image produced by Pentax Gastroscope
5.0 Equipment Acceptance Procedure ( E.A.P )
Generally known as Testing and Commissioning ( T&C ) in Radibems is carry out when
there is a new medical device asset registered under hospital asset register. It involve both
user and person in charge of maintenances in hospital in the process T&C. During T&C
vendor will explain the details of the medical device such as the name, model, procedure
of operations, manual, period of maintenance and warranty.
Brief outline of E.A.P
5.1 Documentation of E.A.P
6.0 Beyond Economic Repair ( B.E R )
Beyond economic repair is meant by when a device undergoes repair cost of 80% out of
it original price, spare parts are no longer available in market and no longer manufactured
or devices are obsolete it will be issued as B.E.R and registered as the device service no
longer available. In precise it is a procedure of disposing government asset.
Brief outline of B.E.R :
7.0 Comments and Suggestions

After 10 weeks of industrial training , advantages of industrial training for university

students are it is a platform for student to apply their theoretical knowledge in practical.
Besides that, the organization can prepare a module specially for internship students for
them to learn about the organization, management and explain about the field of work
and explain the risks that they may face during training.
It is also advisable to prepare a schedule for the intern students. It help students to follow
a well-managed working procedure. Besides that it will help student to avoid any messy
training systems.
8.0 Conclusion

It is a good idea to expose students to real working environment. Through industrial

training students will learn about teamwork and being efficient in carrying out a task and
responsible. It is vital for every student to learn managing their time and themselves in
order to successfully respond and carry out a task training routine.

During industrial training students are explained about their working environment and
field of works in their daily routine and it create awareness among the students to be
more precaution about the biohazards around the hospital environment.

Furthermore by going through industrial training it taught students on responsibilities and

dedicated lifestyle that required in order to create a safe and harmony working
environment for the student himself and maintain a good public relations among the
staffs.
9.0 Reference

I. Standard Operations Procedures of Radicare, 2013

II. Terufusion Manual for Syringe Pump TE-311,TE-312, Terumo 2012
III. Medical Equipment Encyclopedia , WHO 2014
10.0 Appendices

10.1 Formal Documentation Sample of Radicare

10.2 Encyclopedia of Medical Instrumentations and Devices World Health
Organization