Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

Situation Analysis

Consumer expectation in any medical experience influences

whether how soon and how often they seek care from which medical

facility. High expectation from a medical organization is a positive

indicator of its reputation in the society and is very important for

attracting patients, whereas low expectation deters patients from taking

timely medical help, thus negatively affecting himself as well as the

medical care provider. However, a very high and unrealistic expectation

may lead to dissatisfaction despite reasonable good standards of medical

practice (Mishra, 2014).

Satisfaction results when patients experience ready access to the

right person at the right time, no long wait, no equivocal answer when

they're anxious, and a sense that things are operating smoothly (Brown,

1993).

Hospitals have expanded in terms of availability of specialties,

improved technologies, facilities and increased competition and the

expectations of patients and their relatives have increased many fold.

Previously, there were very few government hospitals with no

charge to the patients. Hence, the expectations were also very minimal.
But now, the scenario has changed. The hospitals (even Govt.) have

started charging the patient in the name of user charges. Private hospital

care cost has gone very high. With the advent of Consumer Protection

Act (1986), the patient’s expectation has also gone very high.

Now hospitals have to be very careful about patient dissatisfaction

to avoid any unnecessary litigation. Hospitals have evolved from being an

isolated sanatorium to five star facilities. The patients and their relatives

coming to the hospital not only expect world-class treatment, but also

other facilities to make their stay comfortable in the hospital. This

change in expectation has come due to tremendous growth of media and

its exposure, as well as improvement in the facilities. Knowledge of

expectation and the factors affecting them, combined with knowledge of

actual and perceived healthcare quality, provides the necessary

information for designing and implementing programs to satisfy patients

(Mishra, 2014).

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) present a challenge to the

medical professions; accurate diagnosis and treatment are often difficult.

MSDs represent a variety of possible underlying pathologies. Terms such

as MSDs, cumulative trauma disorders, and repetitive strain disorders

are umbrella terms signifying a set of gradual-onset, upper extremity

disorders related to repetitive activities (e.g., work, sports, music, or

other physical tasks). The definition doesn’t include acute injuries from

direct trauma. The terms have the disadvantage of prejudging the origins
of MSDs and in specific instances are misleading or inaccurate. While it

is likely that a set of MSDs result from repetitive use with cumulatively

accrued injury, this isn’t invariably the case. Also, underlying the debate

on MSDs is an unstated assumption on the part of some that work is

inherently risky, leading inevitably to chronic musculoskeletal

dysfunction. This is unfortunate, since there is good evidence that, in

general, work activity promotes good physical and psychological health.

The issue facing MSD practitioners is to define with clarity potentially

injurious situations and to help employers and patients identify useful,

injury-preventing alternatives (Duncan et al., 1997).

A wide range of conditions may be considered as MSDs, including

peripheral entrapment neuropathies (carpal or cubital tunnel syndrome),

tenosynovitis, epicondylitis, ganglion cysts, myalgias, myofascial pain

syndrome, and others. In a review of MSD literature, Moore (1994) found

that the great majority of MSDs involve the muscle-tendon unit (e.g.,

tenosynovitis and myofascial pain syndromes). MSDs of nerves, joints,

and the vasculature are less common, but as a group they have more

serious implications in terms of patient morbidity.

In individual studies, researchers have developed specific criteria

for MSD diagnoses (Silverstein, Fine, & Armstrong, 1986; Silverstein,

Fine, & Stetson, 1987). Research definitions for MSDs typically use both

inclusion and exclusion criteria and define a characteristic period and

frequency within which symptoms must manifest. Exclusion criteria

exclude cases due to acute injury or no occupational conditions. Typical

inclusion criteria include the presence of persistent symptoms (1 week or

longer, or occurring 20 or more times in 1 year); characteristic physical

examination signs of muscle, tendon, or nerve disorders; and onset of

symptoms occurring during work on the job in question. Examples of

case exclusion criteria are evidence of acute traumatic onset of

symptoms or of systemic disease that could explain the worker’s

symptoms.

A study was conducted about the burden of major musculoskeletal

conditions (Woolf & Pfleger, 2003). A combination of the factors

discussed by the World Health Organization explains the high prevalence

of MSDs found alongside other long-term conditions as part of

multimorbidity. For example, it has been shown that among English

primary care patients over 45 years of age, reporting living with a major

long-term condition, almost a third also have a musculoskeletal

condition. Moreover, among those aged >65 years, almost half of those

with a heart, lung or mental health problem, also had a MSD. In the

most deprived populations, painful conditions such as osteoarthritis and

back pain are the most common multimorbidities among those already

living with heart disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary

disease (COPD) or cancer.

(http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/81/9/Woolf.pdf)
 Patients with musculoskeletal conditions are often admitted to

hospital following an exacerbation of their disease or due to a need for

surgery. In conjunction with other team members, the role of physical

therapy is to facilitate safe and effective discharge from hospital. This

may be achieved by restoring functional independence in ambulation and

transfers, improving muscle strength and range of movement, and

providing symptom relief (APA, 2005).

Patient satisfaction is an attitude – a person’s general orientation

towards a total experience of health care. Satisfaction comprises both

cognitive and emotional facets and relates to previous experiences,

expectations and social networks (Keegan et al, 2002). Meredith and

Wood (1995) have described patient satisfaction as ‘emergent and fluid’.

Satisfaction is achieved when the patient/client’s perception of the

quality of care and services that they receive in healthcare setting has

been positive, satisfying, and meets their expectations.

Patient satisfaction can be defined as fulfillment or meeting of

expectations of a person from a service or product. When a patient comes

to a hospital, he has a preset image of the various aspects of the hospital

as per the reputation and cost involved. Although, their main expectation

is getting cured and going back to their work, but there are other factors,

which affect their satisfaction. Sometimes, they might have rated a

hospital very low on the basis of information, they have got from different

sources, but they find it above their expectation and they are satisfied.
Similarly, if they have got a very high expectation from a hospital, but if

they find it below their expectation, they will not be satisfied (Mishra,

2014).

"Patient satisfaction is different depending on whether you’re the

provider, the patient or the payer. Like the three blind men describing

the elephant, it depends on what part of the elephant each is seeing at

the time." It believes that patients use surrogates of quality to evaluate

the total health care experience. These surrogates, a friendly greeting, a

comfortable office, a reasonable wait, and a caring attitude, stand in for

the clinical characteristics such as diagnostic skill or surgical technique

that patients are unable to judge (Brown, 1993).

Patient satisfaction is determined by whether patients show up for

appointments and pay their bills. These actions, he says are symptoms of

an "ongoing established relationship" (Brown, 1993).

Patients are individuals or any recipient who have disorders that

require health care interventions given by advanced practice registered

nurse, physical therapist, physician, physician assistant, psychologist,

pediatrist, veterinarian, or other health care provider to improve their

function (Pagliarulo, 2016).

Every patient needs fulfillment on certain needs which are given by

health care providers in which they must attain the highest level of

satisfaction of a patient. Level of satisfaction is a term used to describe

the degree of the health care factors needed to meet the requirements for
the well-being of the patients in Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Centers

about the services implemented in the organization. In this study, the

level of satisfaction are categorized as fully satisfied, satisfied, moderate,

dissatisfied, and totally dissatisfied (Lazaro, 2006).

Patients have this certain health needs or necessities in which they

consult health care providers or services like hospitals and rehabilitation

centers to attain satisfaction where it describes an individual’s feelings of

pleasure or disappointment resulting from comparing their perceptions of

a product or service’s performance to their expectation levels. It is the act

of fulfilling a need, desire, or appetite, or the feeling gained from such

fulfillment (Kotler and Keller, 2006).

Physical therapy is a health profession concerned with maximizing

mobility and quality of life by using clinical reasoning to select and apply

the appropriate treatment. All physical therapy interventions are

provided on the basis of scientific knowledge, evidence and clinical expert

opinion, thorough assessment, diagnosis, and ongoing evaluation. The

management of the multitude of diagnostic entities under the banner of

arthritis and musculoskeletal conditions falls squarely within the scope

of physical therapy practice (APA, 2005).

Physical therapy can be used to alleviate the symptoms associated

with these conditions such as pain, stiffness and muscle weakness. This

is achieved by drawing upon a range of non-pharmacological modalities,

including exercise therapy (land and water based), self-management and

education, joint mobilization, electrotherapy, and provision of joint

protection devices (APA, 2005).

Physical activity is important for maintenance of healthy weight

and decreasing overall morbidity from a number of conditions, including

cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Muscle weakness, pain, and joint

stiffness associated with arthritis can often limit the choices of physical

activity (American College of Sports Medicine 2000, 2001). Physical

therapists are highly skilled in exercise prescription and as such, play a

key role in the design, delivery and implementation of exercise programs

for the management of these disorders. Physical therapists can design

appropriate modifications so that the benefit of increased physical

activity is achieved without aggravating the coexisting musculoskeletal

problems. Appropriate exercise also plays a vital role in prevention and

early intervention.

Self-management education programs have been advocated as an

integral component of the management of chronic disease. Physical

therapists can provide informal and formal programs to promote and

encourage self-management. This could include addressing lifestyle

changes and facilitating skills and confidence to make daily decisions to

cope with the disease. Chronic disease self-management programs have

been shown to improve health status and reduce health care utilization

(Lorig et al 1999). Physical therapy treatment consisting of manual

therapy, specific exercise training, and education focusing on the

neurophysiology of pain has shown to be effective in producing

functional and symptomatic improvement in patients with chronic low

back pain (Moseley, 2002).

Physical therapists use specific mobilization techniques to increase

range of movement in joints and to provide pain relief. Most guidelines

and systematic reviews suggest there is sufficient evidence for spinal

manipulative therapy (SMT) improving clinical outcomes for acute low

back pain, particularly in comparison to treatments such as heat,

exercise, massage and placebo (APA Low Back Pain Position Statement

2002). SMT is not recommended as a first line treatment for chronic LBP.

There has been limited research regarding the effectiveness of manual

therapy on osteoarthritis.

Walking aids (sticks, crutches and frames) are used to reduce

loading forces on the joint and hence provide pain relief and improve

mobility. Various braces and splints can provide stability by reducing

excessive joint mobility, resulting in improved function. Several

international guidelines recommend the prescription of gait aids for knee

OA, based on the assessment of individual patient’s needs (Jordan et al.,

2003).

Modalities such as ultrasound, transcutaneous electrical nerve

stimulation (TENS) and thermotherapy (heat and cold therapy) are used

occasionally as an adjunct in the treatment of symptoms associated with

arthritis and musculoskeletal conditions. There are a limited number of

high quality published studies evaluating the use of electrophysical

agents in clinical practice. Systematic reviews have supported the use of

TENS for the treatment of pain in knee OA (Osiri et al., 2005). Another

systematic review of three randomized controlled trials has shown that

cold packs are effective in reducing swelling in knee osteoarthritis

(Brosseau et al., 2003).

Residents of the Philippines can access physical therapy services

through referral by their primary care physician if they are not hospital

in patients. The outpatient clinics are mostly affiliated to a major hospital

that employs physiatrists (doctors of rehabilitation medicine). They

evaluate the patient and prescribe both medical and physical therapy

prescriptions. Further medical testing such as imaging, lab tests and

medication prescriptions are accomplished during the initial visits.

Physical therapy prescriptions include the modalities, treatment

frequency, and duration. The patients then bring the prescription to the

physical therapist who performs the evaluation and the prescribed

treatment. The second method of access is for the hospital in patients.

Following surgery or any other medical illness, the patient will be

referred to the Rehab department. The physiatrist will be the first

responder performing evaluation and writing rehabilitation prescription.

The acute care physical therapist will then conduct the PT evaluation

and the prescribed treatment regimen. The last method of PT access is

through private care. Through private pay negotiation, the patient gets to
be seen at home without the need for primary care or physiatrist

prescription. There are small outpatient clinics run and operated by the

physical therapists (http://www.physio-pedia.com/Philippines).

In the Philippine setting, there are insufficient literatures and

studies that cover about physical therapy treatments. However, based on

the advertisements of the different physical therapy clinics in La Union,

physical therapists provide treatment including stretching and

strengthening exercises; use of heating modalities like hot moist pack,

ultrasound, paraffin wax bath, infrared radiation, and microwave

diathermy; cryotherapy, spinal and lumbar traction, use of different

types of electrical stimulators such as functional electrical stimulator,

transcutaneous electrical stimulators, neuromuscular electrical

stimulation, and joint mobilization in managing musculoskeletal

disorders.

Within the local setting, only a limited amount of studies and

literatures regarding these physical therapy treatments.

This study will benefit the rehabilitation centers of the different

hospitals in La Union in promoting excellent rehabilitation services

among the patients with musculoskeletal conditions. This study aims to

determine the patient’s rating of their care experienced based on what

they did or did not experience in their interaction in obtaining health

care. Patient satisfaction surveys can help gauge patient’s perceptions of

practice services and functions. This study is invaluable means for

improving communication between providers and patients and engaging

patients in their care.

The study is of importance to the physical therapist in

understanding what are the treatments and procedures that is most

satisfying for the patient with musculoskeletal problems.

It is poised to play an important role to the patients in determining

their wants and their needs to be satisfied on the services given by

physical therapist in different hospitals in La Union. This study is also

beneficial to patient expectation and level of satisfaction in hospital

structure and function of the medical health care system. This study is

again important to patients for them to measure the quality of facilities

and services given by health care providers in terms of effectiveness,

efficiency, optimality, accessibility, legitimacy and equity in providing

health care services in the rehabilitation centers of the different hospitals

in La Union.

This study is significant to the students, instructors and

researchers in learning more about the things that may promote a high

level of satisfaction to patients with musculoskeletal conditions regarding

to physical therapy treatments, services, and facilities given by the

different hospital here in La Union. Moreover, this research will provide

recommendations on how to evaluate the performance of a certain

institution in accordance to physical therapy services.

 The purpose of this study is to survey the satisfaction of patient

with musculoskeletal condition receiving physical therapy management

from tertiary hospital in la union. This study will measure the quality of

care in patients with musculoskeletal condition wherein it helps the

patient to overlook on the costs of services, the quality of care delivered

and the impact of the treatment facilities on improving their quality of

life.

The result of the study focus on achieving high or excellent ratings

of patient satisfaction to improve the quality of service delivery among

the patient, therefore physical therapist need to characterize the factors

influencing patient satisfaction which are used to assess the quality of

healthcare delivery.

Theoretical/Conceptual Framework

Over the years, researchers have gathered substantiate evidence

and developed various theories of patient satisfaction. Such theories

visualize patient satisfaction from different angles. Following are the

theories of patient satisfaction that illustrate the association of patient

satisfaction with treatment outcomes, healthcare environment, and

healthcare provider power.

Expectancy-value theory of Linder-Pelz (1982) postulated that

satisfaction was mediated by personal beliefs and values about care as

well as prior expectations about care. Linder-Pelz identified the important

relationship between expectations and variance in satisfaction ratings

and offered an operational definition for patient satisfaction as “positive

evaluations of distinct dimensions of healthcare”. The Linder-Pelz model

was developed by Pascoe (1983) to consider the influence of expectations

on satisfaction and then further developed by Strasser et al. (1993) to

create a six-factor psychological model: cognitive and affective perception

formation; multidimensional construct; dynamic process; attitudinal

response; iterative; and ameliorated by individual difference.

Performance theory by Oliver & Desabro suggests that patient’s

satisfaction is not affected by prior patient expectations at all. Actual

performance and the treatment outcome effectively affect patient

satisfaction. Actual performance will overwhelm any psychological

response tendencies related to expectations (1998). Higher patient

satisfaction can be expected to result in a better clinical outcome and

lower patient satisfaction is associated with poor clinical outcomes

(Oliver & Desabro, 1998). Basically, what the theory means is, though

patients have expectations, level of patient satisfaction is influenced

highly by the quality of care provided and the outcomes of the care.

Patient’s pretreatment expectations cannot inhibit the level of patient

satisfaction, as it is overcome by the high-quality care offered and a

superior treatment outcome.

 Fulfillment theory by Linder-Pelz views patient satisfaction in a

somewhat different way from performance theory. This theory contends

that patient satisfaction is the difference between actual outcome and

some other ideal or other desired outcomes. This theory hypothesizes

that satisfaction would vary positively with the extent to which perceived

outcomes concurred with the pretreatment expectations (1982). The

patient’s perception on whether the outcome of a treatment is either good

or bad is based on the expectations the patient had before treatment and

would influence the patient’s satisfaction. This means that there would

be positive satisfaction if the outcome of the treatment matched with the

pretreatment expectations of the patient.

The Primary Provider Theory by Aragon contends that patient

satisfaction occurs at the nexus of provider power and patient

expectations. It is principally the function of an underlying network of

interrelated satisfaction constructs satisfaction with the primary

provider, the amount of time a patient must wait for the provider, and

satisfaction with the provider’s assistant. According to this theory

primary providers offer the greatest clinical utility to patients (2003). The

theory is mainly operated by patient centered measures exclusively,

where only patients judge the quality for service and other judgments are

totally irrelevant. So, this theory concludes that patient’s level of

satisfaction is inherently influenced by the primary care provider.

 These theories suggest that the factors mentioned in these theories

together with various other influencing factors were integrated in the

patient satisfaction instrument. The first three theories, Performance

Theory, Expectancy Disconfirmation Theory and Fulfillment Theory

mainly focus on the treatment outcome in a patient, irrespective of

patient’s prior expectations. Social Equity Theory talks about patients

being treated equally. According to Primary Provider Theory, patient

satisfaction is influenced by the primary provider, waiting time, and the

staff assisting the provider.

The above-mentioned theories in correlation to patient’s level of

satisfaction as to Physical Therapy explains that it is based on what is

the patient’s subjective responses to experience care mediated by their

personal preferences and expectations about care from where it is judged

based on the quality in all its aspects including the facility, services and

treatment provided, but in particularly in relation to the interpersonal

component of care.

An Input-Process-Output model was used as shown in Figure 1.

The input variables included the level of satisfaction of patients with

musculoskeletal conditions along hospital management, facilities and

equipment, physical therapy program and the most and least satisfied

physical therapy management. These input variables were analyzed in

the process to establish the level of satisfaction of patients with

musculoskeletal conditions along hospital management, facilities and

equipment, physical therapy program and the most and least satisfied

physical therapy management.

Results of the analysis of the interplay of the input and process

variables lead to an output. This serves as the basis for the formulation

of measures to enhance the level of satisfaction.

 Input Process Output

1. Data Analysis of
1. Level of the following:
Satisfaction of a. Level of
patients with Satisfaction of
musculoskeletal patients with
conditions along musculoskeletal
a. hospital conditions along
management hospital Propose measures
b. facilities and management to enhance the
equipment facilities level of
c. physical b. Most and least satisfaction
therapy c. satisfied physical
program therapy
2. Most and least management
satisfied physical 2. Formulation of
therapy measures to
management enhance the level
of satisfaction

Feedback

Figure 1. Paradigm of the Study

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the satisfaction on the physical

therapy management among patients with musculoskeletal conditions in

selected hospital in La Union.

It specifically aims to answer the following questions:

1. What is the level of satisfaction on the physical therapy

management among patients with musculoskeletal conditions

along:

a. Hospital Management

b. Facilities and Equipment and

c. Physical Therapy Program

2. What are the most and least satisfied physical therapy

management of patients with musculoskeletal condition?

3. What measures to propose to enhance the level satisfaction on

the physical therapy management of patients with

musculoskeletal conditions?

Hypotheses

The following hypothesis of the study.

1. The level of satisfaction on the physical therapy management

among patients with musculoskeletal conditions along

hospital management, facilities and equipment is very

satisfactory while physical therapy program is satisfactory

2. The most satisfied physical therapy management are along

hospital management and physical therapy program while the

least satisfied is the facilities and equipment

3. A measure can be proposed to enhance the level of satisfaction

on the physical therapy management among patients with

musculoskeletal conditions.
 Chapter II

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the methodology of the study. Specifically

includes the research design the locale and population of the study, data

gathering tool, data gathering procedures and treatment of data.

Research Design

This study used a descriptive method of research. The study used

the descriptive method of research designed to determine the level of

satisfaction of patients with musculoskeletal condition towards physical

therapy. Utilized research and survey as way to obtain descriptive

method using the tertiary level of hospital level in la union.

Descriptive method attempts to describe and explain conditions of

present by using many subjects, questionnaires, checklist to fully

describe the phenomenon, make judgements and justify, analyzes the

gathered results of data and information

It helps to provide answers to the question of who what when

where and how it os associated with a particular and specific research

problem. In this study, the designed determined and described the levels

of satisfaction of patients with musculoskeletal conditions in the physical

therapy on tertiary hospitals in la union. Further, the design used to

identify the most and least satisfied physical therapy management.

Population and Locale of the Study

The study was conducted in different Physical Therapy

Rehabilitation Centers in selected hospitals in La Union that include

Ilocos Training Regional Medical Center (ITRMC), Lorma Medical Center

(LMC), Bethany Hospital, and Agoo Family Hospital for the School Year

2017-2018.

The research made used of the accidental quota sampling method

in determining the respondents composed of total enumeration of 30

patients from the 5 different Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Centers

who came for treatment for musculoskeletal conditions.

Data Gathering Tool

To acquire the data needed, the principal data gathering

instrument used is a research-made questionnaire found in (see

Appendix F). The indications of the questionnaire were based from

various sources on the internet, and journals, the questionnaire consists

of only one part which determines the level of satisfaction of the patient

towards physical therapy as to service, treatment, and facilities.

To determine the validity of the tool, it was presented and critic by

panel of experts: Conception Bautista, RN, MAN, Dr. Jovencio Balino

and Mr. Kaypee Colet,PTRP. Their comments and suggestions where

incorporated in the final draft.

To establish the reliability of the tool pretest was conducted in

Baguio General Hospital. Chronbach’s Alpha was used with a co-efficient

result of 0.947588489 which means highly reliable.

The validity of the researcher-made questionnaire was subjected to

the evaluation of a panel of validators composed of three (3) experts from

physical therapy clinical practitioners, and the Psychometrician of the

school. Comments and suggestions for improvement from the validators

were included in the making of the final draft of the questionnaire.

To test the reliability the researcher-made questionnaire, it was

pre-tested to 10 patients with musculoskeletal conditions in Baguio

General Hospital; Cronbach’s Alpha was used in determining the

reliability of the questionnaire. The results and interpretation of the

Cronbach’s Alpha is found in Appendix G.

Data Gathering Procedure

In gathering the data, the researchers asked the permission from

the head of the clinic in allowing them to conduct said research, the
researcher also asked for the respondents consent before floating the

research-made questionnaire. Interviews were also conducted by the

researchers to substantiate and verify the results.

The survey questionnaires were floated by the researchers on

scheduled dates during the first semester school year 2017-2018. Patient

underwent an orientation by means of explaining the contents of the

questionnaires on a given amount of time. These were distributed

personally to the participants by the researchers to ensure the accuracy

of the answers. Through the personal distribution of the questionnaires,

the researchers were able to address vagueness and queries of the

participants. The researchers personally retrieved the accomplished

questionnaires. After retrieving the accomplished questionnaires, the

researchers were subjected to thorough and scientific data processing.

Treatment of Data

After the questionnaire were collated and tallied, data were

processed using the different statistical tools and techniques identified

below. The data were recorded and presented in tables in an effort to

present the data accurately.

To determine the level of satisfaction of the patient with

musculoskeletal conditions as to physical therapy treatment, facilities &

treatment, the weighted mean was utilized.

 The formula for weighted mean is shown below:

∑(fx)
WM =
N

Wherein:

∑(fx) = Summation of the products of frequency count and

ratings

WM = Weighted Mean

N= Total number of Respondents

To have an objective description of the respondents on the levels of

satisfaction of patients with musculoskeletal conditions in the Physical

Therapy on tertiary hospitals in La Union, the following scales were for

interpretation.

Scale Weighted Mean Descriptive Equivalent

5 4.20 – 5.00 Fully satisfied

4 3.40 – 4.19 Satisfied

3 2.60 – 3.39 Moderate

2 1.80 – 2.59 Dissatisfied

1 1.00 – 1.79 Totally dissatisfied

To determine the most and least satisfied in physical therapy

management of patients with musculoskeletal condition, item with a

weighted mean of 3.40 and above is considered as “most satisfied” and

an item with weighted mean of 3.39 and below, is considered as “least

satisfied”.
 Chapter III

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents analysis and interprets the data findings or

results based on the sub-problem that was set at the outset of the study.

Each section in the chapter is labeled according to the subject area

covering each sub-problem.

Satisfaction in the Physical Therapy Managements among Patients

with Musculoskeletal Condition

The dimensions of patient satisfaction identified in this study

include Satisfaction in the Physical Therapy Managements among

Patients with Musculoskeletal Condition along Hospital Management,

Physical therapy facilities and equipment, and Physical Therapy

Program. Factors associated with patient satisfaction are discussed

under the above dimensions. In the discussion references will be made to

the results and where appropriate, excerpts from the data are utilized.

Satisfaction in the Physical Therapy Managements among Patients

with Musculoskeletal Condition along Hospital Management

Table 1 shows the level of satisfaction on the physical therapy

management along hospital management. The table reveals that all the

indications are described fully satisfied.

 Specifically, interaction with the physical therapy got the highest

weighted mean of 4.79 described as fully satisfied. This measures that

the respondents and the physical therapist established good

communication action scheme. The physical therapist were very

accommodating and friendly that patients can be able to verbalize their

feelings and needs.

The finding implies that the physical therapy and patients creates

a strong positive relationship and affective communication action.

Table 1. Satisfaction in the Physical Therapy Managements among

Patients with Musculoskeletal Condition along Hospital Management

Indications WM DE
1. Waiting time before treatment 4.61 Fully satisfied
2. Comfort in the waiting area 4.50 Fully satisfied
3. Timely response given by the physical 4.64 Fully satisfied
therapist
4. Interaction with the physical therapists 4.79 Fully satisfied
(approachable at all times)
5. Available space of the treatment area 4.46 Fully satisfied
6. Availability of services given in physical 4.68 Fully satisfied
therapy management
7. Eligibility and competitiveness of the 4.71 Fully satisfied
physical therapist during treatment
8. Ease of access going to the PT rehab 4.64 Fully satisfied
9. Appropriate amount of service charge to 4.75 Fully satisfied
the treatment given (Bill)
10. Overall service of the hospital 4.68 Fully satisfied
AWM 4.65 Fully satisfied
Legend: WM – Weighted Mean; DE – Descriptive Equivalent; AWM -

Average Weighted Mean

The table shows that the level of satisfaction of patients towards

hospital management is fully satisfied with a mean of 4.65. This

indicates that the patients are contented as to most of the hospital

management which shows that the hospital provides services that is

beneficiary to all patients.

On the other hand, comfort in the waiting area was ranked as the

lowest with the mean of 4.50 but is still considered as fully satisfied, due

inadequate comfort and ventilation of the waiting area that is not

suitable to some of the patients’ fulfillment. Similar to other studies, our

findings also showed that waiting area is among the factors causing

much dissatisfaction and that they can be reduced by trying to create a

neat environment. The literature indicates that the comfort of the waiting

room and cleanliness of the environment are also important to patient

satisfaction factors in the US

(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3051889/).

Satisfaction in the Physical Therapy Managements among Patients

with Musculoskeletal Condition along Physical Therapy Facilities

and Equipment

There are 10 items included as basis for the level of satisfaction of

patients with musculoskeletal condition along physical therapy facilities

and equipment. The findings are presented in Table 2.

Table 2 shows the level of satisfaction on the physical therapy

management along hospital management. The table reveals that most of

the indications are described fully satisfied.

 Specifically, interaction with the physical therapy got the highest

weighted mean of 4.64 described as fully satisfied. This measures that

the respondents have an ease of access in going to the physical therapy

clinic. The hospitals provide ramps and railings that are needed for

patients who are in need of assist when going to the clinic.

The findings implies that the physical therapy provides ease of

access for patients who are attending physical therapy

management/treatment.

Table 2. Satisfaction in the Physical Therapy Managements among

Patients with Musculoskeletal Condition along Physical Therapy
Facilities and Equipment

Indications WM DE
1. Availability of ramps and stairs for 4.64 Fully satisfied
person with disabilities
2. Availability of facilities in the 4.04 Satisfied
hospital/clinic (water in the comfort
room, electricity, etc.)
3. Cleanliness and orderliness of the clinic 3.75 Satisfied
4. Accessibility of a reliable internet 1.96 Dissatisfied
connection (Wi-Fi)
5. Proper lighting of treatment area/clinic 4.36 Fully satisfied
6. Proper ventilation of the treatment area 4.11 Satisfied
7. Functionality and availability of 4.50 Fully satisfied
machines/equipment/modalities
8. Availability and accessibility of treatment 4.25 Fully satisfied
areas/bed
9. Cleanliness and accessibility of comfort 4.11 Satisfied
rooms
10. Overall satisfaction towards physical 4.32 Fully satisfied
therapy facilities and equipment
AWM 4.00 Satisfied
Legend: WM – Weighted Mean; DE – Descriptive Equivalent; AWM -

Average Weighted Mean

 Meanwhile, accessibility of a reliable internet connection (Wi-Fi) got

the lowest weighted mean of 1.96 described as dissatisfied due to the

unavailability of internet connection on some of the hospitals. In

Government hospital have no Wi-Fi due to the installation costs, but

sometimes it is also attributed to medical reasons and less priority issue.

Hospital is different in many ways, some hospital focuses and prioritize

healthcare, and hygiene and security are priorities. In Private hospital

uses wi-fi for having reliable access to the internet has huge potential to

improve the healthcare experience for patients themselves, from

appointment reminders to increasing connection to the outside world

during hospital stays. Wi-Fi in healthcare enhances communication with

friends and family, provides entertainment, permits access to the

workplace and generally reduces a feeling of isolation.

(https://www.itproportal.com/2015/06/13/how-wifi-changing-

healthcare-industry/.

This measures that accessibility of a reliable internet connection

(Wi-Fi) has a poor satisfactory.

The level of satisfaction towards physical therapy facilities and

equipment were ranked as the lowest with a mean of 4.00. This means

that the patients were only satisfied in response to the equipment and

facilities which were used for the treatment and patient’s comfort. Some

patients stated that the cleanliness of the clinic was poor due to lack of

discipline of other patients.

 Availability of ramps and stairs for person with disabilities was

ranked as the highest with the mean of 4.64 which indicates that

patients have access to ramps and stairs which is favorable to their

condition. It implies that Stairs and ramps should be constructed to be

within limits recognized as offering safe and convenient passage and

designed so that any person who is likely to use them can do so

comfortably and safely, with the minimum amount of difficulty.

Satisfaction in the Physical Therapy Managements among Patients

with Musculoskeletal Condition along Physical Therapy Program

There are 10 items included as basis for the level of satisfaction of

patients with musculoskeletal condition along physical therapy program.

The findings are presented in Table 3.

Table 3 shows the level of satisfaction on the physical therapy

management along hospital management. The table reveals that all the

indications are described fully satisfied.

Specifically, approachability, and care of the physical therapist and

clarity, simplicity, understandable instructions are given during exercise

in physical therapy programs got the highest weighted mean of 4.86

described as fully satisfied.

The findings implies that the physical therapist provides the

utmost treatment that are beneficiary to their patients

 Table 3. Satisfaction in the Physical Therapy Managements among
Patients with Musculoskeletal Condition along Physical Therapy Program

Indications WM DE
1. Strict implementation of 4.75 Fully satisfied
appointment/treatment time
2. Proper handling of patient/client before, 4.79 Fully satisfied
during and after exercise
3. Approachability of the Physical Therapist 4.86 Fully satisfied
in the hospital or clinic
4. Privacy during treatment (properly 4.79 Fully satisfied
covered)
5. Physical Therapist care before, during 4.86 Fully satisfied
and after applying modalities
6. Demonstrates expertise in treatment 4.79 Fully satisfied
techniques (professionalism, ability, skill)
7. Clarity, simplicity, understandable 4.86 Fully satisfied
instructions are given during exercise
8. Comfort before, during and after 4.79 Fully satisfied
treatment on the treatment area
9. Given the appropriate knowledge about 4.71 Fully satisfied
the effects of the modality used
10. Overall care of the Physical Therapy 4.75 Fully satisfied
AWM 4.80 Fully satisfied
Legend: WM - Weighted Mean; DE - Descriptive Equivalent; AWM -

Average Weighted Mean

As for the level of satisfaction towards physical therapy program,

patients were fully satisfied with a mean of 4.80. As a result, patient

shows promising response to the physical therapy treatment that is

favorable to their condition and medical needs. Approachability of the

physical therapist in the hospital or clinic, physical therapist care before,

during and after applying modalities, and clarity, simplicity,

understandable instructions are given during exercise were ranked as

the highest with a mean of 4.86 which have the highest grading in all the
given choices. It is because patient shows gratification in the

effectiveness and efficiency of physical therapy program that were

provided by the physical therapist which is essential for the patient.

Some of the interviewed patients said that they feel more relieved. A

cross-sectional survey study was conducted on a sample of 150 patients

receiving physical therapy treatment using a self-administered

questionnaire. This was followed by a focus group discussion. Results

indicated that most patients were satisfied with the treatment received.

Information on selected correlates of patient satisfaction such as physical

therapist-related factors, patient-related factors, nature of the physical

therapist –patient interaction, professionalism of the service provided,

and the logistics of the treatment environment was discussed.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S101370251400025

6).

The lowest on the rank is “given the appropriate knowledge about

the effects of the modality used” with the mean of 4.71, which is still

considered as fully satisfied, because some physical therapist forget to

explain the effects of the modalities or the benefits of the exercises or

treatment given.

Summary Table on the Satisfaction on Physical Therapy

Management with Patients with Musculoskeletal Condition.

Table 4. Summary on the Satisfaction on the Physical Therapy
Management with Patients with Musculoskeletal Conditions

Indications AWM DE
A. Hospital Management 4.65 Fully satisfied

B. Physical therapy facilities and 4.00 Satisfied

equipment
C. Physical Therapy Program 4.80 Fully satisfied
Legend: WM - Weighted Mean; DE - Descriptive Equivalent; AWM –

Average Weighted Mean

The level of satisfaction of patients towards hospital management,

facilities and equipment, and physical therapy program. The overall total

weighted mean is 4.48 which is described as “fully satisfied” as to

hospital management, facilities and equipment, and towards physical

therapy program. This indicates that patients are very pleased on the

rendered services that were suitable for their needs and fulfillment of

medical care from the physical therapy. According to Hong Kong

Physiotherapy Journal, their study indicated that 60% of patients were

highly satisfied, whereas 29.3% were moderately satisfied with the

physical therapy service. Such a high level of satisfaction may mean that

the physical therapy service is of good standard or that patient

expectations of care are low.

(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S101370251400025

6).
 The Most and Least Satisfied as to Physical Therapy Management

among Patients with Musculoskeletal Conditions

Almost all the criteria given were considered as most satisfactory

for patients that are receiving services from Physical Therapy. There were

only five from the criteria that were considered as least satisfactory,

these criteria came from the category of facilities and equipment.

Table 5. The Most and Least Satisfied as to Physical Therapy

Management along Hospital Management

Table 5 shows the most and least satisfied on the physical therapy

management along hospital management. The findings are presented in

Table 5.

Indications MS LS
1. Waiting time before treatment 4.61
2. Comfort in the waiting area 4.50
3. Timely response given by the physical therapist 4.64
4. Interaction with the physical therapists 4.79
(approachable at all times)
5. Available space of the treatment area 4.46
6. Availability of services given in physical therapy 4.68
management
7. Eligibility and competitiveness of the physical 4.71
therapist during treatment
8. Ease of access going to the PT rehab 4.64
9. Appropriate amount of service charge to the 4.75
treatment given (Bill)
10. Overall service of the hospital 4.68
AWM 4.65
Legend: WM - Weighted Mean; MS –Most satisfied; LS –Least satisfied

The table reveals that all the indications are described are most

satisfied, there were no least satisfactory noted.

Table 6. The Most and Least Satisfied as to Physical Therapy

Management along Facilities and Equipment.

Table 5 shows the most and least satisfied on the physical therapy

management along facilities and equipment. The findings are presented

in Table 5.

Indications MS LS
1. Availability of ramps and stairs for person with 4.64
disabilities
2. Availability of facilities in the hospital/clinic (water 4.04
in the comfort room, electricity, etc.)
3. Cleanliness and orderliness of the clinic 3.75
4. Accessibility of a reliable internet connection (Wi- 1.96
Fi)
5. Proper lighting of treatment area/clinic 4.36
6. Proper ventilation of the treatment area 4.11
7. Functionality and availability of 4.50
machines/equipment/modalities
8. Availability and accessibility of treatment 4.25
areas/bed
9. Cleanliness and accessibility of comfort rooms 4.11
10. Overall satisfaction towards physical therapy 4.32
facilities and equipment
AWM 4.00
Legend: WM - Weighted Mean; MS –Most satisfied; LS –Least satisfied
 Meanwhile, there is one noted indication that falls under least

satisfied with a weighted mean of 1.96. This indicates that physical

therapy clinics lack internet connection that provides entertainment to

most of the patients.

Table 7. The Most and Least Satisfied as to Physical Therapy

Management along Physical Therapy Program.

Table 7 shows the most and least satisfied on the physical therapy

management along physical therapy program. The findings are presented

in Table 7.

Indications WM
1. Strict implementation of appointment/treatment 4.75
time
2. Proper handling of patient/client before, during 4.79
and after exercise
3. Approachability of the Physical Therapist in the 4.86
hospital or clinic
4. Privacy during treatment (properly covered) 4.79
5. Physical Therapist care before, during and after 4.86
applying modalities
6. Demonstrates expertise in treatment techniques 4.79
(professionalism, ability, skill)
7. Clarity, simplicity, understandable instructions are 4.86
given during exercise
8. Comfort before, during and after treatment on the 4.79
treatment area
9. Given the appropriate knowledge about the effects 4.71
of the modality used
10. Overall care of the Physical Therapy 4.75
AWM 4.80
Legend: WM - Weighted Mean; MS –Most satisfied; LS –Least satisfied
 The table reveals that all the indications are described are most

satisfied, there were no least satisfactory noted.

PROPOSED MEASUREMENTS TO ENHANCE THE

SATISFACTION
ON PHYSICAL THERAPY MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS
WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL CONDITIONS

The result of the study focus on achieving high or excellent ratings

of patient satisfaction to improve the quality of service delivery among

the patient, therefore physical therapist need to characterize the factors

influencing patient satisfaction which are used to assess the quality of

healthcare delivery.

The basis of the proposed measurements to enhance the

satisfaction on physical therapy management of patients with

musculoskeletal conditions was the findings along the least satisfactory

among physical therapy managements.

The criterion with a weighted mean of 3.30 and below was

considered as least satisfactory. The criteria that had the lowest ranking

from the categories of Hospital Management, Modalities and Equipment,

and Physical Therapy Program were also considered as an indicator that

were contributory to the satisfaction of the patient.

 The proposed measurements to enhance the satisfaction on

physical therapy management of patients with musculoskeletal

conditions are as follows:

Modalities and Equipment

1. Provide internet connections for patients, this will promote

entertainment to patients that have long treatment time.

2. Cleanliness and orderliness of the clinic.

3. Keep the clinic and comfort room clean by means of doing “after care”

every after treatment, post signage and printouts in comfort room to

promote awareness of the patient, and provide a considerable amount

of trash cans needed.

4. Offer proper ventilation of the treatment area to foster the

comfortability of the patient during treatment sessions.

 Chapter IV

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary of the research problem,

methodology, findings and conclusions drawn from the findings as well

as the recommendations are made. This study measures patient’s

satisfaction with physical therapy management of musculoskeletal

condition in selected hospitals in La Union.

Summary

This study aimed to determine the patient’s satisfaction with

physical therapy management of musculoskeletal condition in selected

hospitals in La Union. The findings are as follows:

Findings of the study

1. Patients are fully satisfied as to hospital management and to the

effectiveness and efficiency of the physical therapy program given by

the physical therapists and are satisfied towards the facilities and

equipment used and provided by the physical therapy.

2. Almost all the indicators were considered as most satisfied on the

Physical Therapy Management among patients with musculoskeletal

condition.
3. Measures were purposed to enhance the level of satisfaction on

physical therapy management of patients with musculoskeletal

condtions.

Conclusions

Based on the findings the following were made:

1. Patients with musculoskeletal conditions are contented with the

services of the physical therapy management.

2. There are more most satisfied indicators than the least satisfied

indicators

3. The proposed measures can enhance the level of satisfaction on the

Physical therapy management of patients with musculoskeletal

conditions.

Recommendations

The physical therapists are encouraged to device the stated

proposed measurements.

1. The proposed measures will be for possible adaption and utilization of

the hospital.

2. A parallel study in a wider scope.

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APPENDICES
 Appendix A
LETTER TO THE HOSPITALS
COLLEGE OF PHYSICAL AND RESPIRATORY THERAPY
Carlatan, City of San Fernando, La Union

April 2017

Dear Ma’am/Sir,

We, the students of Bachelor of Science in Physical Therapy, Lorma

College will be conducting a research entitled, “LEVEL OF
SATISFACTION OF PATIENT WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL CONDITION
RECEIVING PHYSICAL THERAPY MANAGEMENT FROM SELECTED
HOSPITAL IN LA UNION”

In connection to this, may we request your office for the undersigned to

collect the information about the needed data especially on the actual
number of patients with musculoskeletal conditions treated from
January to June 2017.

Rest assured that this information will be used for research purposes
and only will be kept confidential.

Respectfully yours,

Anin, Jerna C. Gurtiza, Joanna Eden A.

Bisquera, John Glenn D. Imperial, Charmaine E.

Campos, Bianca Joyce U. Laureta, Chloei Ann D.

Noted by:

Bernardo Tayaban Jr., PTRP, MDA

Research Instructor, Dean of College of
Physical and Respiratory Therapy
 APPENDIX B
LETTER TO THE DIRECTOR OF ITRMC
COLLEGE OF PHYSICAL AND RESPIRATORY THERAPY
Carlatan, City of San Fernando, La Union

April 2017

To: Emmanuel F. Acluba, MD, MHA

Medical Center Chief, ITRMC

Thru: Gerardo Ponciano C. Garcia, MD, FPOGS

Chief Training Officer

Dear Sir,

We, the students of Bachelor of Science in Physical Therapy, Lorma

College will be conducting a research entitled, “LEVEL OF
SATISFACTION OF PATIENT WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL CONDITION
RECEIVING PHYSICAL THERAPY MANAGEMENT FROM SELECTED
HOSPITAL IN LA UNION”

In connection to this, may we request your office for the undersigned to

collect the information about the needed data especially on the actual
number of patients with musculoskeletal conditions treated from
January to June 2017.

Rest assured that this information will be used for research purposes
and only will be kept confidential.

Respectfully yours,

Anin, Jerna C. Gurtiza, Joanna Eden A.

Bisquera, John Glenn D. Imperial, Charmaine E.

Campos, Bianca Joyce U. Laureta, Chloei Ann D.

Noted by:

Bernardo Tayaban Jr., PTRP, MDA

Research Instructor, Dean of College of Physical and Respiratory Therapy
 APPENDIX C

LETTER FOR VALIDITY

COLLEGE OF PHYSICAL AND RESPIRATORY THERAPY

Carlatan City of San Fernando, La union

November 02, 2017

MR. JOE MARK LANUZA

Physical Therapy Staff
Lorma Medical Center

Dear Sir:

The undersigned are 5th year students of Bachelor of Science in

Physical Therapy at Lorma Colleges who are presently conducting a
study entitled LEVEL OF SATISFACTION OF PATIENT WITH
MUSCULOSKELETAL CONDITION RECEIVING PHYSICAL THERAPY
MANAGEMENT FROM SELECTED HOSPITAL IN LA UNION
With your expertise, we are humbly asking your permission to
validate the attached questionnaire. Your participation is of great
importance to our academic endeavor and is highly appreciated.

We are looking forward to your positive response.

Thank you and God Bless!

Respectfully Yours,

Anin, Jerna C. Gurtiza, Joanna Eden A.

Bisquera, John Glenn D. Imperial, Charmaine E.

Campos, Bianca Joyce U. Laureta, Chloei Ann D.

Noted by:

Bernardo Tayaban Jr.,PTRP, MDA

Research Instructor, Dean of College of Physical Therapy and Respiratory
Therapy
 APPENDIX D

LETTER FOR VALIDITY

COLLEGE OF PHYSICAL AND RESPIRATORY THERAPY

Carlatan City of San Fernando, La union

November 02, 2017

MRS. ROZEL D. VILORIA

Physical Therapy Staff
Ilocos Training and Regional Medical Center

Dear Ma’am:

The undersigned are 5th year students of Bachelor of Science in

Physical Therapy at Lorma Colleges who are presently conducting a
study entitled LEVEL OF SATISFACTION OF PATIENT WITH
MUSCULOSKELETAL CONDITION RECEIVING PHYSICAL THERAPY
MANAGEMENT FROM SELECTED HOSPITAL IN LA UNION
With your expertise, we are humbly asking your permission
to validate the attached questionnaire. Your participation is of great
importance to our academic endeavor and is highly appreciated.

We are looking forward to your positive response.

Thank you and God Bless!

Respectfully Yours,

The Researchers

Anin, Jerna C. Noted by:

Bisquera, John Glenn D.

Campos, Bianca Joyce U. Bernardo Tayaban Jr., MDA

Research Instructor, Dean of
Gurtiza, Joanna Eden A. College of Physical Therapy and
Respiratory Therapy
Imperial, Charmaine E.

Laureta, Chloei Ann D.

 APPENDIX E

LETTER FOR RELIABILITY

College of Physical and Respiratory Therapy

Carlatan, City of San Fernando, La Union

November, 2017
Richard Arceo, M.D., FPARM

Baguio General Hospital and Medical Center

Dear Sir:

The undersigned are 5th year students of Bachelor of Science in

Physical Therapy Lorma Colleges who are presently conducting a study
entitled LEVEL OF SATISFACTION OF PATIENT WITH
MUSCULOSKELETAL CONDITION RECEIVING PHYSICAL THERAPY
MANAGEMENT FROM SELECTED HOSPITAL IN LA UNION.
In connection with this, we would like to request to allow us to give out
questionnaires to 10 patients with musculoskeletal conditions of your
clinic. The data gathered will served as the reliability of our
questionnaire. Rest assured that the data gathered will be strictly for
research purposes only and kept with utmost confidentiality.

We are looking forward to your positive response.

Thank you and God Bless!

Respectfully Yours,

The Researchers

Anin, Jerna C. Laureta, Chloei Ann D.

Bisquera, John Glenn D. Noted by:

Campos, Bianca Joyce U. Bernardo Tayaban Jr., MDA

Research Instructor, Dean of
Gurtiza, Joanna Eden A. College of Physical Therapy and
Respiratory Therapy
Imperial, Charmaine E.
 APPENDIX F

I. Questionnaire Level of Satisfaction

Direction: Put a check mark on the space that best describe your level of

satisfaction on the following statements regarding services, facilities and

treatment. Please be guided with the scale below.

Scale Descriptive Equivalent

5 Fully Satisfied

4 Satisfied

3 Moderate

2 Dissatisfied

1 Totally dissatisfied

A. Level of Satisfaction towards Hospital Management:

Hospital Management 5 4 3 2 1

1. Waiting time before treatment

2. Comfort in the waiting area

3. Timely response given by the

physical therapist

4. Interaction with the physical

 therapists (approachable at all times)

5. Available space of the treatment area

6. Availability of services given in

physical therapy management

7. Eligibility and competitiveness of the

physical therapist during treatment

8. Ease of access going to the PT rehab

9. Appropriate amount of service charge

to the treatment given (Bill)

10. Overall Service of the Hospital

B. Level of satisfaction towards Physical Therapy Facilities and

Equipment:

Facilities and Equipment 5 4 3 2 1

1. Availability of ramps and stairs for

person with disabilities

2. Availability of facilities in the

hospital/clinic (water in the comfort

room, electricity, etc)

3. Cleanliness and orderliness of the

Clinic

4. Accessibility of a reliable internet

 connection (Wi-Fi)

5. Proper lighting of treatment

area/clinic

6. Proper ventilation of the treatment

area

7. Functionality and availability of

machines/ Equipment/ modalities

8. Availability and accessibility of

treatment areas/bed

9. Cleanliness and accessibility of

comfort rooms

10. Overall satisfaction towards

Physical Therapy Facilities and

Equipment

C. Level of satisfaction towards Physical Therapy Program:

Physical Therapy Program 5 4 3 2 1

1. Strict implementation of

Appointment/Treatment time

2. Proper handling of patient/ clients

before, during, and after doing

exercise
3. Approachability of the Physical

therapists in the hospital or clinic

4. Privacy during treatment (properly

covered)

5. Physical Therapists’ care before,

during and after applying modalities

6. Demonstrates expertise in treatment

techniques (professionalism, ability,

skill)

7. Clarity, simplicity, understandable

instructions are given during

exercise

8. Comfort before, during and after

treatment on the treatment area

9. Given the appropriate knowledge

about the effects of the modality

used

10. Overall care of the Physical

Therapy
 APPENDIX G

RELIABILITY

Cronbach's Alpha 0.947588489

Split-Half (odd-even) Correlation 0.862845067

Spearman-Brown Prophecy 0.926373408

Mean for Test 125.7

Standard Deviation for Test 14.12126057

KR21 3.114669309

KR20 3.217733694

CHRONBACH ALPHA INTERPRETATION

Chronbach’s alpha Internal consistency

≥ 0.9 Excellent

≥ 0.8 Good

≥ 0.7 Acceptable

≥ 0.6 Questionable

≥ 0.5 Poor

Unacceptable
 CURRICULUM VITAE

PERSONAL DATA:

Name: Chloei Ann D. Laureta

Age: 21

Birthdate: October 16, 1996

Place of Birth: San Fernando

Parent: Mr. Louie Laureta

Mrs. Cecile Laureta

Civil Status: Single

Religion: Roman Catholic

Address: Montemar Village Ili Norte San Juan, La Union

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:

College:

Lorma Colleges

Carlatan, San Fernando, La Union

High School:

Lorma Special Science High School

San Juan, La Union

Elementary:

Lorma Grade School

San Juan, La Union

 CURRICULUM VITAE

PERSONAL DATA:

Name: Jerna C. Anin

Age: 20

Birthdate: May 22, 1997

Place of birth: Bangued, Abra

Parent: Mr. Richard Anin

Mrs. Grace Anin

Civil Status: Single

Religion: Roman Catholic

Address: Pamutic, Pidigan, Abra

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:

College:

Lorma Colleges

Carlatan, San Fernando, La Union

High School:

Holy Spirit Academy of Bangued

Bangued, Abra

Elementary:

Holy Spirit Academy of Bangued

Bangued, Abra
 CURRICULUM VITAE

PERSONAL DATA:

Name: Bianca Joyce U. Campos

Age: 20

Birthdate: April 6, 1997

Place of Birth: Manila, Phillippines

Parent: Mr. Baltazar L. Campos

Mrs. Jennifer U. Campos

Civil Status: Single

Religion: Roman Catholic

Address: San Antonio, Aringay, La union

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:

College:

Lorma Colleges

Carlatan, San Fernando, La Union

High School:

Notre Dame Institute

Aringay, La union

Elementary:

St. Barachiel Special Science School

Aringay, La Union
 CURRICULUM VITAE

PERSONAL DATA:

Name: Joanna Eden A. Gurtiza

Age: 21

Birthdate: April 11, 1996

Place of Birth: Naguilian, La Union

Parent: Mr. Edgar A. Gurtiza

Mrs. Melinda T. Gurtiza

Civil Status: Single

Religion: Roman Catholic

Address: Mabini Street Catbangen, San Fernando, La Union

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:

College:

Lorma Colleges

Carlatan, San Fernando, La Union

High School:

La Union National High School

Elementary:

Catbangen Central School

City of San Fernando, La Union

 CURRICULUM VITAE

PERSONAL DATA:

Name: John Glenn D. Bisquera

Age: 20

Birthdate: January 15, 1997

Place of Birth: San Fernando City, La Union

Parent: Adelino P. Bisquera Jr.

Glenda D. Bisquera

Civil Status: Single

Religion: Baptist

Address: Venflor Village, Dalumpinas Oeste, San Fernando City La

Union

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:

College:

Lorma Colleges

Carlatan, San Fernando, La Union

High School:

Felkris Academy

Lingsat, San Fernando, La Union

Elementary:

Felkris Academy

Lingsat, San Fernando, La Union

 CURRICULUM VITAE

PERSONAL DATA:

Name: Charmaine E. Imperial

Age: 20

Birthdate: April 30, 1997

Place of Birth: San Rafael, San Esteban, Ilocos Sur

Parent: Mr. Archieval E. Imperial

Mrs. Remedios E. Imperial

Civil Status: Single

Religion: Roman Catholic

Address: San Rafael, San Esteban, Ilocos Sur

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:

College:

Lorma Colleges

Carlatan, San Fernando, La Union

High School:

Saint Joseph Institute

Candon City, Ilocos Sur

Elementary:

San Esteban South Central School

San Esteban, Ilocos Sur