An Introduction to the historical City of Jaunpur

Introduction:
Medieval period in India witnessed the rise and growth of many cities.
The Sultan Muhammad tughluq and Sher Shah Sur funded many cities Prof.
Irfan Habib described the medieval period in India.
Urban revolution because of the emergene of the many cities.
This article aims to study the medieval and modern history of jaunpur
Jaunpur is a city and a municipal board in jaunpur district in the Indian
state of Uttar Pradesh it is located 228 kilometre southeast of state capital of
Lucknow .
Jaunpur is located to the north west of the district of the Varanasi in the
eastern part of the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh .
Jaunpur city is a situated on the bank of Gomti river.
The district have two Lok Sabha seats one Rajya Sabha seats and nine
Vidhan Sabha seats.
 HISTORY
Jaunpur historically known as sheeraz-e-hindi having its
historical origin from 1359 when the city was founded by the sultan
of Delhi Feroz shah tughlaq and named memory of his cousin
Muhammad bin tughlaq who’s given name was Jauna khan.
In 1388 Feroz shah Tughlaq appointed Malik Sarwar .
During the sharqi period the jaunpur sultanate was a strong
military power in northen india and on the several occasions
threatened the delhi sultanate.
The jaunpur sultanate attained its greatest hight under the
younger brother of Mubarak shah who ruled as shams –ud-din
Ibrahim shah (ruled 1402-1440)
To the east this kingdom extended to bihar and to the west to
kanauj he even aegis of the muslim holy man named qutb –al-alam.
He thrended the sultane of Bengal under raja ganesha.
The jaunpur district was annexed in to british india based on
permanent settlement of 1779 and thus was subject to the zamindari
system of land revenue collection .
During the revolt of 1857 the sikh troophs in jaunpur joined
indian rebels the district was eventually reconquered for the british
by gurkha troophs from Nepal jaunpur then becom a distict
administrative center
 Present state of Jaunpure
Jaunpur is the district headquarters.
The district has two lok sabha and nine vidhan sabha
constituencies.
Demographics as per provisional data of 2011census.
Jaunpur had population of 180362 of which male and female
where 93718 and 86644 respectively the literacy rate was 82.83 with
a sex ratio of 1024 female per 1000 male the district has a
population density of 1113 people per –kilometre.
Hindi and Urdu are the main spoken languages in jaunpur
Religions in Jaunpur Hindus 63% , Muslim 33%, others 4%.
Gomti sai varuna pili and basuhi are the five rivers which make
it land fertile.

CULTURAL PRODUCTS
Famous imarti a sweet like jalebi made from urad usally place
has monuments and famous addresses as their landmarks.
Jaunpur in uttarpradesh has asweet houses in its list of most
famous place called the beniram sweet house .whether you have a
sweet tooth or not you must dig in to the imarties you get at this
place they are heavenly experience. It is sinfully delicious jaunpur
muli a white radish that grow up a feet long. perfume and itra in
urdu.
 TRANSPORTATION

RAIL:-
Jaunpur is a well connected with all major cities of india thank
to indian railways it has four major railway stations.jaunpur city
railway station (JOP) and jaunpur junction (JNU)shahgani junction
(SHG) janghai junction, kerakat railway station (KCT)zafarabad(ZBD)
also arailway station where as many train routes are diverted
I.e Allahabad ,Varanasi lucknow,via sultanpure ,lucknow via
shahghan ghazipur via jaunpur Allahabad via jaunpur(AJ).
ROAD:-
Jaunpur is well connected to lucknow , Gorakhpur, Varanasi
allahabad and othercities like azamgarh, mirzapur,janghai,sultanpur
,kerakat,ghazipur etc.
Mariahu NH56 SH36 are the roadway connecting all major
cities to jaunpur

Rulers:-
Sharqi dynasty
 Data deen gaur
 Malik sarwarkhwaja-yi jahan(1394-1399)
 Malik qaranful mubarrak shah(1399-1401)
 Ibrahim shams ud-din(1401-1440)
 Mahmud shah(1440-1458)
 Mohammad shah bhikan khan(1458)
 Husain shah (1458-1483)
 EDUCATION
University:-
Veer bahadur singh purvanchal university formerly purvanchal
university is in jaunpur uttar Pradesh. it is one of the educational
hubs of eastern uttarpradesh established in 1987 as aresidential –
cum- affiliating university it is a named after veer bahadur singh
former chief minister of uttarpradesh.

Institution:-
Jaunpur district has more than 50 graduate and post graduate
institutes and more than 200 undergraduate colleges and more than
300 colleges up to high schools .
Vidyalayas :-
Vidyalayas situated 21 kms south from the district head quarter on
lumbini duddhi road in katkhar village near mariahu tehsil.
School:-
It has many CBSC affiliated and one ICSE affiliated schools along with
schools recognized by UP board .top state board govt college
rashtriya intermediate college sujanganj top CBSC boad schools
doctor Rizvi learners academy st patricks sr .scc.school only real
convent school affiliated to CBSC in jaunpur.
St. Jephers school purani bazar Jaunpur.
INDUSTRIES :-
GSG GS Green Enterprise Katehari Leduka Jaunpur was established
in march 2017 by the government of uttar Pradesh . under uttar
pradesh industrial area development Act 1976 to facilitate
concentrated effort on industrial development of eastern uttar
Pradesh .
SIDA (Satharia industrial development Authority)
Satharia industrial Development Authority was established in
November 1989 by the government of Uttar Pradesh.

Historic places and sight

Monuments
Atala mosque:
Feroz shah III began the construction of the Atalqa mosque in 1393
Atala mosque is model of indo-iran architecture. The Atala
became a model for other mosques in the Jaunpur district .
Architecturally ,it retained and advanced the element of
monumentalism. The height of the Atala mosque is over 100 feet
(30m). The perimeter is 248 feet (76m) .The Entrance has three
massive stone pylons. The cental one cosists of a high arch between
two slopping towers. These are decorated with arched niches and
stone screened windows.
Jama Mosque:
The jama mosque is another of the sharqi dynasty Period
started by Ibrahim & after anumber of construction phases
completed by hussan. It is a located on the shahganj road near the
purani bajar at the mariyahun. The size of mosque interior is 219ft.
(67mt. ) X 217ft. (66mt.).
There are four gates one at each cardinal point. The
eastern gate way was destroyed by sikander lodhi. The mosque is
decorated with Egyptian Style engravings an lotus, sunflowers &
rose motifs.
Lal Darwaza Mosque:
Lal darwaza mosque jaunpur. This mosque was built
in 1447. As per inscription of this mosque at begumganj 1 mile (1.6
km.)north of jaunpur, during the reign of sultan Mahmud sharqi, by
queen bibi rajvi dedicate to maulana sayyid ali dawood Qutubuddin
a celebrated sent mulana of jaunpur whose descendent still live
mohalla bazar buva pandhariba jaunpur & mohalla Namaz gah lal
darwaza. The mosque occupies 212sq. ft. X 188sq. ft. & has three
entrances & a courtyard.