Prolem 1

1 Host IP address 172.30.1.33

2 Subnet mask 255.255.255.0
3 Number of subnet bits 8
4 Number of subnets 256
5 Number of Host bits per subnet 256
6 Number of usable hosts per subnet 254
7 Subnet address for this IP address 191.31.1.0
8 IP address of last host on this 191.31.1.1
subnet
9 IP address of last host on this 191.31.1.254
subnet
10 Broadcast address for this subnet 191.31.1.255

172.30.1.33 – class B
255.255.255.0
Network.network.host.host
Jalan kerja
172.30.1.33
172
172-128 44-64 172-32 140-16 124-8 116-4 112-2 110-1
= 44 (1) = -20 (0) = 140 (1) = 124 (1) = 116 (1) = 112 (1) = 110 (1) = 109 (1)
= 10111111
30
30-128 30-64 30-32 30-16 14-8 6-4 2-2 30-1
= -98 (0) = -34 (0) = -2 (0) = 14 (1) = 6 (1) = 2 (1) 0 (1) =29 (1)
= 00011111
1
1-128 1-64 1-32 1-16 1-8 1-4 1-2 1-1
=-127 (0) =-63 (0) =-31 (0) =-15 (0) =-7 (0) =-3 (0) =-1 (0) = 0 (1)
= 00000001
33
33-128 33-64 33-32 1-16 33-8 25-4 21-2 19-1
= -90 (0) = -31 (0) = 1 (1) = -15 (0) = 25 (1) = 21 (1) = 19 (1) = 18 (1)
= 00101111
= 10111111 00011111 00000001 00101111
255.255.255.0

255
255-128 127-64 63-32 31-16 15-8 7-4 3-2 1-1
= 127 (1) = 63 (1) = 31 (1) = 15 (1) = 7 (1) = 3 (1) = 1 (0) = 0 (1)
= 11111111

255
255-128 127-64 63-32 31-16 15-8 7-4 3-2 1-1
= 127 (1) = 63 (1) = 31 (1) = 15 (1) = 7 (1) = 3 (1) = 1 (0) = 0 (1)
= 11111111
255
255-128 127-64 63-32 31-16 15-8 7-4 3-2 1-1
= 127 (1) = 63 (1) = 31 (1) = 15 (1) = 7 (1) = 3 (1) = 1 (0) = 0 (1)
= 11111111
0
0-128 0-64 0-32 0-16 0-8 0-4 0-2 0-1
= -64 (0) = -32 (0) = -16 (0) = -8 (0) = -4 (0) = -2 (0) = -1 (0)
= -128
(0)
= 00000000
= 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000

3. number of subnet bits

11111111 00000000
= one , 28
Number of subnet bits = 8

4. number of subnet
one 28 = 256

5. number of host bits per subnet

Zero , 28 = 256

6. number of usable hosts per subnet

Zero , 28 – 2 = 254
7. subnet address for this IP address
Host IP address ( binary ) = 10111111 00011111 00000001
00101111
Subnet mask ( binary ) = 11111111 11111111 11111111
00000000
Use the AND
10111111 00011111 00000001 00101111
multiply
11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000

10111111 00011111 00000001 00000000

Change into decimals
1 0 1 1 1111
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
128 + 32 + 16 + 8 + 4 + 2 + 1
= 191
0 0 0 1 1111
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
16 + 8 + 4 + 2 +1
= 31
0 0 0 0 0001
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
=1
0 0 0 0 0000
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
=0
191.31.1.0

8. IP address of first host on this subnet

191.31.1.0
+ 1
1
=191.31.1.1
9. IP address of last host on this subnet
191.31.1.0
+ 254
191.31.1.254
10. broadcast
191.31.1.254
+ 1
191.31.1.255
Problem 2
1 Host IP address 172.30.1.33
2 Subnet mask 255.255.255.224
3 Number of subnet bits 11
4 Number of subnets 2048
5 Number of Host bits per subnet 32
6 Number of usable hosts per subnet 30
7 Subnet address for this IP address 191.31.1.224
8 IP address of last host on this 191.31.1.225
subnet
9 IP address of last host on this 191.31.1.254
subnet
10 Broadcast address for this subnet 191.31.1.255

172.30.1.33
172
172-128 44-64 172-32 140-16 124-8 116-4 112-2 110-1
= 44 (1) = -20 (0) = 140 (1) = 124 (1) = 116 (1) = 112 (1) = 110 (1) = 109 (1)
= 10111111
30
30-128 30-64 30-32 30-16 14-8 6-4 2-2 30-1
= -98 (0) = -34 (0) = -2 (0) = 14 (1) = 6 (1) = 2 (1) 0 (1) =29 (1)
= 00011111
1
1-128 1-64 1-32 1-16 1-8 1-4 1-2 1-1
=-127 (0) =-63 (0) =-31 (0) =-15 (0) =-7 (0) =-3 (0) =-1 (0) = 0 (1)
= 00000001
33
33-128 33-64 33-32 1-16 33-8 25-4 21-2 19-1
= -90 (0) = -31 (0) = 1 (1) = -15 (0) = 25 (1) = 21 (1) = 19 (1) = 18 (1)
= 00101111
= 10111111 00011111 00000001 00101111
255.255.255.224
255
255-128 127-64 63-32 31-16 15-8 7-4 3-2 1-1
= 127 (1) = 63 (1) = 31 (1) = 15 (1) = 7 (1) = 3 (1) = 1 (0) = 0 (1)
= 11111111
255
255-128 127-64 63-32 31-16 15-8 7-4 3-2 1-1
= 127 (1) = 63 (1) = 31 (1) = 15 (1) = 7 (1) = 3 (1) = 1 (0) = 0 (1)
= 11111111
255
255-128 127-64 63-32 31-16 15-8 7-4 3-2 1-1
= 127 (1) = 63 (1) = 31 (1) = 15 (1) = 7 (1) = 3 (1) = 1 (0) = 0 (1)
= 11111111
224
224-128 96-64 32-32 0-16 0-8 0-4 0-2 0-1
= 96 (1) = 32 (1) = 0 (1) = -16 (0) = -8 (0) = -4 (0) = -2 (0) = -1 (0)
= 11100000
= 11111111 11111111 11111111 11100000
3. number of subnet bits
11111111 11100000
One , has 11 one so 211
= 11 bits
4. number of subnets
One , 211 = 2048
5. number of host bits per subnet
Zero , has 5 zero so 25 = 32
6. zero , 25 – 2 = 30
7. subnet address for this IP address
Host IP address ( binary ) = 10111111 00011111 00000001
00101111
Subnet mask ( binary ) = 11111111 11111111 11111111
11100000
Use the AND
10111111 00011111 00000001 00101111
multiply
11111111 11111111 11111111 11100000

10111111 00011111 00000001 00100000

Change into decimals
1 0 1 1 1111
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
128 + 32 + 16 + 8 + 4 + 2 + 1
= 191
0 0 0 1 1111
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
16 + 8 + 4 + 2 +1
= 31
0 0 0 0 0001
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
=1
1 1 1 0 0000
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
= 128 + 64 + 32
=224
191.31.1.224
8. first host
191.31.1.224
+ 1
191.31.1.225
9. last host
191.31.1.224
+ 30
191.31.1.254
10. broadcast
191.31.1.224
+ 1
191.31.1.225
Problem 3
1 Host IP address 192.192.10.234
2 Subnet mask 255.255.255.128
3 Number of subnet bits 9
4 Number of subnets 512
5 Number of Host bits per subnet 128
6 Number of usable hosts per subnet 126
7 Subnet address for this IP address 192.192.10.128
8 IP address of last host on this 192.192.10.129
subnet
9 IP address of last host on this 192.192.10.254
subnet
10 Broadcast address for this subnet 192.192.10.255

192
192-128 64-64 0-32 0-16 0-8 0-4 0-2 0-1
= 64 (1) = 0 (1) = -32 (0) = -16 (0) = -8 (0) = -4 (0) = -2 (0) = -1 (0)
= 11000000
192
192-128 64-64 0-32 0-16 0-8 0-4 0-2 0-1
= 64 (1) = 0 (1) = -32 (0) = -16 (0) = -8 (0) = -4 (0) = -2 (0) = -1 (0)
= 11000000
10
10-128 10-64 10-32 10-16 10-8 2-4 2-2 0-1
= -118 = -54 (0) = -22 (0) = -6 (0) =2 (1) = -2 (0) = 0 (1) = -1 (0)
(0)
= 00001010

234
 234-128 106-64 42-32 10-16 10-8 2-4 2-2 0-1
= 106 (1) = 42 (1) = 10 (1) = -6 (0) = 2 (1) = -2 (0) = 0 (1) = -1 (0)
= 11101010
= 11000000 11000000 00001010 11101010
255.255.255.128

255
255-128 127-64 63-32 31-16 15-8 7-4 3-2 1-1
= 127 (1) = 63 (1) = 31 (1) = 15 (1) = 7 (1) = 3 (1) = 1 (0) = 0 (1)
= 11111111
255
255-128 127-64 63-32 31-16 15-8 7-4 3-2 1-1
= 127 (1) = 63 (1) = 31 (1) = 15 (1) = 7 (1) = 3 (1) = 1 (0) = 0 (1)
= 11111111
255
255-128 127-64 63-32 31-16 15-8 7-4 3-2 1-1
= 127 (1) = 63 (1) = 31 (1) = 15 (1) = 7 (1) = 3 (1) = 1 (0) = 0 (1)
= 11111111
128
128-128 0-64 0-32 0-16 0-8 0-4 0-2 0-1
= 0 (1) = -64 (0) = -32 (0) = -16 (0) = -8 (0) = -4 (0) = -2 (0) = -1 (0)
= 10000000
= 11111111 11111111 11111111 10000000
3. number of subnet bits
11111111 10000000
One , has 9 one so 29
Number of subnet bits = 9
4. number of subnets
One , 29 = 512
5. number of host bits per subnet
Zero , has 7 zero so 27 = 128
6. number of usable hosts per subnet
Zero , 27 – 2 = 126
7. subnet address for this IP address
Host IP address ( binary ) = 11000000 11000000 00001010
11101010
Subnet mask ( binary ) = 11111111 11111111 11111111
10000000
Use the AND
11000000 11000000 00001010 11101010
multiply
11111111 11111111 11111111 10000000

11000000 11000000 00001010 10000000

Change into decimals
1 1 0 0 0000
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
128 + 64
= 192
 1 1 0 0 0000
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
= 128 + 64
= 192

0 0 0 0 1010
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
=8+2
= 10
1 0 0 0 0000
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
= 128
= 128
= 192.192.10.128
8. first host
192.192.10.128
+ 1
192.192.10.129
9. last host
192.192.10.128
+ 126
192.192.10.254

10. broadcast
192.192.10.128
+ 1
192.192.10.129
Problem 4
1 Host IP address 192.168.3.219
2 Subnet mask 255.255.255.192
3 Number of subnet bits 11
4 Number of subnets 2048
5 Number of Host bits per subnet 64
6 Number of usable hosts per subnet 62
7 Subnet address for this IP address 192.168.3.192
8 IP address of last host on this 192.168.3.193
subnet
9 IP address of last host on this 192.168.3.254
subnet
10 Broadcast address for this subnet 192.168.6.255

192.168.3.219
192
192-128 64-64 0-32 0-16 0-8 0-4 0-2 0-1
= 64 (1) = 0 (1) = -32 (0) = -16 (0) = -8 (0) = -4 (0) = -2 (0) = -1 (0)
= 11000000
168
168-128 40-64 40-32 8-16 8-8 0-4 0-2 0-1
= 40 (1) = -24 (0) = 8 (1) = -8 (0) = 0 (1) = -4 (0) = -2 (0) = -1 (0)
= 10101000
3
3-128 3-64 3-32 3-16 3-8 3-4 3-2 1-1
= -125 = -63 (0) = - 29 (0) = -13 (0) = --5 (0) = -1 (0) =1 (1) = 0 (1)
(0)
= 00000011

219
219-128 91-64 27-32 27-16 11-8 3-4 3-2 1-1
= 91 (1) = 27 (1) = -5 (0) = 11 (1) = 3 (1) = -1 (0) = 1 (1) = 0 (1)
= 11011011
= 11000000 10101000 00000011 11011011
255.255.255.252
255
255-128 127-64 63-32 31-16 15-8 7-4 3-2 1-1
= 127 (1) = 63 (1) = 31 (1) = 15 (1) = 7 (1) = 3 (1) = 1 (0) = 0 (1)
= 11111111
255
255-128 127-64 63-32 31-16 15-8 7-4 3-2 1-1
= 127 (1) = 63 (1) = 31 (1) = 15 (1) = 7 (1) = 3 (1) = 1 (0) = 0 (1)
= 11111111
255
255-128 127-64 63-32 31-16 15-8 7-4 3-2 1-1
= 127 (1) = 63 (1) = 31 (1) = 15 (1) = 7 (1) = 3 (1) = 1 (0) = 0 (1)
= 11111111
192
192-128 64-64 0-32 0-16 0-8 0-4 0-2 0-1
= 64 (1) = 0 (1) = -32 (0) = -16 (0) = -8 (0) = -4 (0) = -2 (0) = -1 (0)
= 11000000
= 11111111 11111111 11111111 11000000

3. number of subnet bits

11111111 11000000
One , has 11 one so 211
= 11 bits
4. number of subnet
one , 211 = 2048
5. number of host bits per subnet
Zero , has 6 zero so 26 = 64
6. number of usable hosts per subnet
Zero , 26 – 2 = 62
7. subnet address for this IP address
Host IP address ( binary ) = 11000000 10101000 00000011
11011011
Subnet mask ( binary ) = 11111111 11111111 11111111
11000000

Use the AND

11000000 10101000 00000011 11011011
multiply
11111111 11111111 11111111 11000000

11000000 10101000 00000011 11000000

Change into decimals
1 1 0 0 0000
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
128 + 64
= 192

1 0 1 0 1000
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
= 128 + 32 + 8
= 168

0 0 0 0 0011
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
=2+1
=3
1 1 0 0 0000
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
= 128 + 64
= 192
= 192.168.3.192

8. first host
192.168.3.192
+ 1
192.168.3.193
9. last host
192.168.3.192
+ 62
192.168.3.254
10. broadcast
192.168.3.254
+ 1
192.168.3.255
Problem 5
1 Host IP address 192.168.3.219
2 Subnet mask 255.255.255.252
3 Number of subnet bits 14
4 Number of subnets 16384
5 Number of Host bits per subnet 4
6 Number of usable hosts per subnet 2
7 Subnet address for this IP address 192.168.3.192
8 IP address of last host on this 192.168.3.193
subnet
9 IP address of last host on this 192.168.3.194
subnet
10 Broadcast address for this subnet 192.168.3.195

192
192-128 64-64 0-32 0-16 0-8 0-4 0-2 0-1
= 64 (1) = 0 (1) = -32 (0) = -16 (0) = -8 (0) = -4 (0) = -2 (0) = -1 (0)
= 11000000
168
168-128 40-64 40-32 8-16 8-8 0-4 0-2 0-1
= 40 (1) = -24 (0) = 8 (1) = -8 (0) = 0 (1) = -4 (0) = -2 (0) = -1 (0)
= 10101000
3
3-128 3-64 3-32 3-16 3-8 3-4 3-2 1-1
= -125 = -63 (0) = - 29 (0) = -13 (0) = --5 (0) = -1 (0) =1 (1) = 0 (1)
(0)
= 00000011

219
219-128 91-64 27-32 27-16 11-8 3-4 3-2 1-1
= 91 (1) = 27 (1) = -5 (0) = 11 (1) = 3 (1) = -1 (0) = 1 (1) = 0 (1)
= 11011011
= 11000000 10101000 00000011 11011011
255
255-128 127-64 63-32 31-16 15-8 7-4 3-2 1-1
= 127 (1) = 63 (1) = 31 (1) = 15 (1) = 7 (1) = 3 (1) = 1 (0) = 0 (1)
= 11111111
255
255-128 127-64 63-32 31-16 15-8 7-4 3-2 1-1
= 127 (1) = 63 (1) = 31 (1) = 15 (1) = 7 (1) = 3 (1) = 1 (0) = 0 (1)
= 11111111
255
255-128 127-64 63-32 31-16 15-8 7-4 3-2 1-1
= 127 (1) = 63 (1) = 31 (1) = 15 (1) = 7 (1) = 3 (1) = 1 (0) = 0 (1)
= 11111111
252
252-128 124-64 60-32 28-16 12-8 4-4 0-2 0-1
= 124 (1)
= 60 (1) = 28 (1) = 12 (1) = 4 (1) = 0 (1) = -2 (0) = -1 (0)

= 11111100
= 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111100
3. number of subnet bits
11111111 11111100
One , has 14 one so 214
= 14 bits

4. number of subnet
One , 214 = 16384
5. number of host bits per subnet
Zero , has 2 zero so 22 = 4
6. zero , 22 – 2 = 2
7. subnet address for this IP address
Host IP address ( binary ) = 11000000 10101000 00000011
11011011
Subnet mask ( binary ) = 11111111 11111111 11111111
11111100

Use the AND

11000000 10101000 00000011 11011011
multiply
11111111 11111111 11111111 11111100

11000000 10101000 00000011 11011000

Change into decimals
1 1 0 0 0000
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
128 + 64
= 192

1 0 1 0 1000
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
= 128 + 32 + 8
= 168

0 0 0 0 0011
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
=2+1
=3
1 1 0 0 0000
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
= 128 + 64
= 192
= 192.168.3.192
8. first host
192.168.3.192
+ 1
192.168.3.193

9. last host
192.168.3.192
+ 2
192.168.3.194
10. broadcast
192.168.3.194
+ 1
192.168.3.195