v olcanoes

A volcano is an opening or rupture in a planet’s surface or crust which allows hot

magma volcanic ash and gases to escape from below the surface.

Erupting volcanoes can pose many hazard not only in the i,,ediate vicinity of the
eruption. Large eruptions can effect temperature as ash and droplets of sulfuric acid the sun and cool the
Eart’s lower athmosphere or troposphere however, they also absort up form the eart thereby warming
the stratosphere.

The structure and behavior of volcanoes depends on a number of factor. Some volcanoes have rugged
pekas formed by lava domes rather than a summit crater, whereas others presents landscape features
such as massive plateaus.

Fissued Vent
Flat linear crack through ehich lava emerges

Shiled volcano
Low and broad

Low-viscoisty lava that can flow a great distance

Dont’t generality explode catastropically

Lava dome
Bild by slow eruptions of highly viscous lavas

Can produce violent explosive eruption

Stratos-volcano
Tall conical montains composed of lava flow and other ejectc

Grates hazard to civilaztion

Components of a volcanic eruption

Certified Internal
Chartered
Auditor (CIA)
• Public Accountant
• Certified Management (PA)
Accountants (CMA) • Certified Public
• Certified Genetal Accountant (CPA)
Accountants (CGA)
Airorne
Ah
Gases and steam
Phroclast
Scoria
Eartbound
Deadliest volcanic eruptions

Volcanic eruptions can be hughly explosive,volatile.or neithr. Certain volcanoes have undergone
catasrophic eruptions killing countles number of people,

Rank Event Location Date Deat tool Type

Krakatoa Krakatoa Indonesia August 26-27, 1883 36.000 Caldera

Laki Iceland june 8,1783 9,350 Fissure vents

Mount Kelut East Jave Indonesia 1586 10,000 Strato-volcano

Moun kelut East Java Indonesia May 19,1919 5,115 Strato-volcano

Mount Pelee Martinique Lesser Antilles May 8, 1902 29,000 Strato-volcano

Mount Tambora Sumbawa Indonesia April 10, 1315 92,000 Strato-volcano

Mount unzen kyushu, Japan 1792 15,000 Strato-volcano

Mount Vesuvius Naples, Italy August 24,79 AD 33,000 Somma

Nevado del Ruizcaldas/Tolima Columbia November 13,1985 23,000 Strato-volcano

Santa Maria Quetzaltenago, Guatemala 1902 6,000 Strato-volcano

A super=volcano is large volcano that ussally has a large and can potentially produce devastion on an
enormous, sometimes continental scale. Such eruption would be able to cause severe cooling of global
temperatures for many years afterwards because of the huge volumes of sulfur and ash erupted. They
are the most dangerous type of volcano. Examples include Yellowstone Caldera in New Zealand, Lake
Toba In Sumatra Indonesia and Ngorogor Crater in Tanzania, Krakatoa near Java and Sumatra Indonesia.

Living with volcanoes

There are about 1500 active volcanoes in the world and around 50 of these erupt each year.