Assignment No 1 2015

Assignment # 1

Khalid Rasheed

BSELECT-13-F-66

Section B
Microprocessor Theory & interface

Submitted To:
Ms. Saba Mahmood

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 Assignment No 1 2015

1. Describe the advantages of distributed processing computer system over time sharing
system?

Answer:
 Advantage of a distributed processing system over a time sharing system is as follows. If the
large computer goes down, the local microcomputers can continue working until it is necessary to
access the large computer.
 The burden on the large computer is greatly reduced.
 The system can be designed to use a local microcomputer best sullied to the task it has to do.

2. Describe the sequence of signals that occurs on the address bus, control bus and on the data
bus when a simple microcomputer fetches an instruction?

Answer:
 An address is sent out on the address bus.
 A memory-read signal is sent out on the control bus.
 The memory outputs the instruction byte on the data bus.
 The CPU reads in the instruction and decodes it.
3. What determines whether a microprocessor is considered an 8-bit, 16-bit or 32-bit device?
Answer:
The number of bits a microprocessor ALU can work with at a time determines whether the
microprocessor is considered an 8-bit, 16-bit, or 32-bit system.
4. How many address lines does an 8086 have?
a) How many memory addresses are accessible through these number of lines?
b) At any given time 8086 works with four segments in this address space. How many
bytes are contained in each segment?

Answer:
a) The 8086 has 20 address lines.
b) Twenty address lines allow the 8086 to access 1.048.576 memory addresses directly.
c) Each segment contains 64K bytes within this 1M-byte range.

5. What is the main difference between 8086 and 8088?

Answer:
The 8088 has an 8-bit data bus, so it can read data from or write data to memory and ports only
8-bits at a time. The 8086 can read or write either 8 or 16-bits at a time.

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 Assignment No 1 2015

6. Describe the function of 8086 queue?

Answer:
The 8086 queue hold the next six instruction bytes from memory.

The queue speeds up processing because the EU reads the next instruction from the queue. This is
much faster than sending out an address to the system memory and waiting for the memory to send
back the next instruction byte or bytes.

7. If the code segment for 8086 program starts at addresses 70400H, what number will be in
CS register?
a) Assuming the same code segments contents what physical address will be an
instruction fetched from if instruction pointer contains 539CH?

Answer:
a) The CS register will hold 700F.
b) The next code byte fetched from the physical address = 70400 + 539cII = 7579CH.
70400
+ 539CH
7579CH
8. What physical address is represented by
a) 4370:561EH
b) 7A32:0028H

Answer:
a) 4370.561EH represents 43700H + 561EI1 = 48D1EH.
43700
+561EH
48D1EH
b) 7A34:002811 represents 7A320H + 0028H = 7A348II.
7A320
0028H
7A348H
9. What is the advantage of using CPU register over memory location for storage of data?

Answer:
The advantage of using a CPU register is that the data is already in the EU; therefor. It can be
accessed much more quickly than it could in external memory.

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 Assignment No 1 2015

10. If the stack segment register contains 3000Hand stack pointer register contains 8434H
what is the physical address of top of the stack?

Answer:
SS = 3000H and SP = 8434H. TOS = 30000 + 8434H = 38434H or 3000:8131.
30000H
8434H
38434H
11. What is the advantage of using assembly language instead of writing program directly in
machine language?
a) Describe operation that 8086 will perform when it executes ADD AX, BX?

Answer:
a) It is very difficult to memorize the thousands of binary instruction codes for a CPU and very easy
for an error to occur when working with the long series of 1’s and 0’s required by machine
language. Assembly language makes programming easier and less prone to error.
b) When an 8086 executes the instruction ADD AX, BX. The contents of the BX register are added
to the contents of the AX register and the result is left in the AX register. BX is left unchanged.
12. What types of program are usually written in assembly language?

Answer:
Programs which require a lot of hardware control or programs which must run as quickly as possible
are usually best written in assembly language.

13. Write 8086 assembly language statement which will perform following function?
a) Load the number 7986H into BP register.
b) Copy BP contents into SP.
c) Copy contents of AX to DX.

Answer:
a) MOV BP, 7986H
b) MOV SP, BP
c) MOV DS, AX
d) MOV AL, 0F3H

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 Assignment No 1 2015

14. If an 8086 execution unit calculates an effective address of 14A3H and DS contain
7000H what physical address BIU produce?

Answer:
EA = 14A3H and DS = 7000H, address produced by the BIU = 714A3H.
70000H
14A3H
714A3H

15. If data segment register contains 4000H what physical address will the instruction
MOV AL,[234BH] read?

Answer:
DS = 4000H, physical address for [234BH] = 4000 + 234BH = 4234BH.
40000H
234BH
4234BH
16. If 8086 data segment registers contains 7000Hwrite the instruction that will copy the
contents of DL to address74B2CH?

Answer:
MOV [4B2CH], DI.

17. Describe the difference between instruction MOV AX, 2437H and MOV AX,[2437H]?

Answer:
MOV AX, 2437H=loads the AX register with the number 243H.

MOV AX, [2437H] copies the number 2437H. MOV AX, [2437H] copies the contents of memory location
DS+2437H into AL and the contents of memory location DS+2437H+1 into AH (i.e., loads the 16 bit AX
register from two 8-bit memory locations).

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