SECTION ONE (35 MARKS)

Reading Passage

You are advised to spend about 60 minutes on this section. Read the following
passage and answer all the questions in Part A, B, C and D.

Designing a Healthy Eating Plan

I To have a healthy, balanced diet, you need to eat a wide variety of

foods that are rich in nutrients. Your best bet is to choose the most

nutrient-dense foods you can get from each food group every day.

Those foods are riched with vitamins, minerals, fiber and other

nutrients. They are also low in refined carbohydrates such as sugar and 5

white flour. Pick foods like vegetables, fruits, whole grains, lean meat

and fish. You may want to choose organic sources of foods. Organic

means that no man-made pesticides, hormones or antibiotics were

applied to the crop while it was being grown.

II You will probably find that fresh foods offer more nutrients and less 10

sugar than processed foods. Do you need to count calories? Many

people believe that if you eat fewer calories than you burn each day,

you will lose weight and if you eat the same number of calories that you

will burn, you will maintain a healthy weight. This plan works for many

people but not all. 15

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III If you are counting calories, it is important to think about what you

are eating. For instance, Jane eats 1,200 calories a day of cake, cookies

and white bread. She is probably not going to lose any weight. Another

example, Betty eats 1,200 calories a day of fresh vegetables and fruit

and lean protein. She is probably going to lose some weight and get a 20

lot more nutrients from her food. Counting calories is a part of the weight

loss equation.

IV In addition, counting calories is one of the ways to lose weight.

This is because the hormone insulin plays a major role in how your body

uses and stores fat. Some researches suggest that eating foods that 25

keeps insulin levels steady throughout the day. For example, eat lean

meat and fish, poultry, vegetables and fruits rather than foods like sugar,

candy, white bread and crackers. In fact, lean meat and fish, poultry,

vegetables and fruits can help you maintain a healthy weight.

V In order to maintain a healthy weight, you need to analyse your 30

diet. You may want to do more to design a diet that meets your individual

goals. If you are unable to work directly with a registered dietitian, you

have some other options. Computer programs and online tools can

help you further analyse what you eat. They go beyond whether or not

you are getting enough of specific nutrients. Some of them might even 35

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 make recommendations about how much of specific foods you should

eat per day and track your eating and nutrient patterns over time.

VI The United States Department of Agriculture 2015-20 Dietary

Guidelines for Americans recommended that you need to get less than

10% of calories per day from added sugar and less than 10% of calories 40

per day from saturated fats. Apart from that, you need to control salt

intake in a daily meal. You should eat less than 2,300 mg per day of

salt. Furthermore, teenage boys and men should reduce the overall

amount of protein they eat by consuming less meat, poultry and eggs.

VII The guidelines also recommend eating a variety of nutrient-dense 45

foods across all food groups, including a variety of vegetables from all

of the subgroups. For example, eating dark green, red and orange,

beans and peas, starchy, and others fruits especially whole fruits. For

grains, at least half of which are whole grains fat-free or low-fat dairy,

including milk, yogurt, cheese or fortified soy beverages, a variety of 50

protein foods, including seafood, lean meats and poultry, eggs, beans

and peas, nuts, seeds, and soy products oils. To sum up, you may want

to talk to a registered dietitian about how to create a healthy diet plan

that is right for you. If you live in the United States, you can get a list of

dietitians at the American Dietetic Association website. Everyone 55

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 should control their eating habits to keep healthy body as the saying

goes, “Health is wealth”.

Reference:
Ashley, A. (2015). The alternate day diet. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

PART A (10 marks)

Answer the questions below based on the reading passage.

1. How to make sure that you choose the best food in your daily life?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

(2 marks)

2. What do organic foods mean as stated in the passage?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

(2 marks)

3. What is the possible reason in counting the calories intake? Why?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

(2 marks)

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4. State TWO suggested ways to manage diet if people are unable to work directly

with a registered dietitian.

a)_____________________________________________________________

b)_____________________________________________________________

(2 marks)

5. State TWO suggestions given by The United States Department of Agriculture

2015-20 Dietary Guidelines for Americans about the calories intake.

a)_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

b)_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

(2 marks)

(__________/ 10marks)

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Part B (10 marks)

Read the statements below and decide if they are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F). Circle your

answers.

1 You need to eat various foods that are rich in nutrients. T F

2 Sugar and white flour have low refined carbohydrates. T F

3 Fresh foods offer more benefits and more sugar than T F

processed foods.

4 You will lose more weight if you eat the same number of T F
calories.

5 It is important to count calories intake in your daily meals. T F

6 Counting calories intake is one of the ways to lose weight. T F

7 Lean meat and fish can help in maintaining an ideal weight. T F

8 Computer programs and online tools can help you to T F

analyse what you eat.
9 You may need to talk to a registered politician about how T F
to create a healthy diet plan.

10 You do not have to control salt intake in your daily meals. T F

(__________/ 10 marks)

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Part C (5 marks)

Identify what the following pronoun referents refer to in the passage. They are bold
faced and underlined in the passage

1. Those (para I, line 4) ____________________________

2. it (para I, line 9) ____________________________

3. She (para III, line 20) ____________________________

4. They (para V, line 34) ____________________________

5. they (para VI, line 44) ____________________________

(__________/ 5 marks)

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Part D (10 marks)

Match the following vocabulary items which are boldfaced in the passage, in the
column on the left with their synonyms in the column on the right. An example has been
provided below.

Vocabulary items Synonyms

e.g. variety (para. I, line 1) ____c____ a. start

1. maintain (para. II, line 14) _________ b. suggestions

2. think (para. III, line 16) _________ c. diversity

3. counting (para. IV, line 23) _________ d. examine

4. suggest (para. IV, line 25) _________ e. calculating

5. analyse (para. V, line 30) _________ f. proposes

6. goals (para. V, line 32) _________ g. retain

7. options (para. V, line 33) _________ h. consumption

8. recommendations (para. V, line 36) _________ i. objectives

9. intake (para. VI, line 42) _________ j. ponder

10. create (para. VII,line 53) _________ k. choices

(__________/10 marks)

TOTAL MARKS: ______ / 35 MARKS