Centrifugal pumps are turbomachines in which the pressure of a fluid is increased by the rotating action of an impeller (driven by an electric motor or engine). They come in a wide range of sizes, from very small pumps used for toys or medical applications, to large industrial pumps used for water or oil pumping stations. Extensive studies show that the pressure rise across a pump, Δp, generally depends on the volumetric flow rate, Q, the impeller diameter, D, the rotational speed of the impeller, Ω, as well as the fluid density and viscosity ρ and μ. Consider a class of geometrically similar pumps, with different sizes, running at different speeds, and used to pump different fluids. a) Use dimensional analysis to find the relationship between Δp and Q. b) A manufacturer claims that a pump with D = 0.020 m produces a pressure rise of Δp = 2.482x107 Pa when the impeller rotates at Ω = 60 rev/s. The pump delivers a volumetric flow rate Q = 1.9x10-2 m3/s of water (density ρ = 103 kg/m3, viscosity μ = 10-3 Pa-s). The pump efficiency is η = 0.85. 1. Calculate the power required to run this pump. 2. For a pump diameter of twice the size (D = 0.04 m), running under similar dynamic conditions, what are the rotational speed of the impeller and the volumetric flow rate? What is the power required to run this pump? c) It has been shown experimentally that at a high Reynolds number, the pump performance depends very weakly on the fluid viscosity. Hence, μ can be neglected in establishing the relationship between Δp and Q. Moreover, measurements at a high Re number, performed on a single pump of diameter D0, running at a speed Ω0, and pumping a fluid of density ρ0, show that the relationship between Δp and Q can be approximated as Δp = a0 - b0Q where a0 and b0 are given (dimensional) constants. 1. Use this relationship and the dimensional analysis of part (a) to obtain a relation between the power delivered to the fluid and the volumetric flow rate for a pump of the same family (arbitrary ρ, D, Ω). Assume the values of a0 and b0, D0, Ω0 and ρ0 are all known. 2. Use the result in (1) to find the rotational speed at which the maximum power is delivered to the fluid. Problem 2: Navier Stokes Equations Page 1 of 2 A circular plate of radius ro is placed on top of a fluid of density ρ and viscosity μ and is forced down with constant force F onto a flat parallel surface as shown. The motion is sufficiently slow that the acceleration and kinetic energy of the fluid can be neglected. The outward viscous flow between the plates at any radial position can then be assumed to have the same velocity distribution as a two-dimensional, fully developed laminar flow, with very low Reynolds number. (h << r) a) Use the conservation of mass in a control volume and derive an expression for the distribution of pressure as a function of radius assuming that p = 0 at r = ro. Express your answer in terms of r, μ, vo (the vertical velocity of the plate) and h (the gap). b) Calculate the force F in terms of the same variables. c) Noting that vo = -dh/dt, integrate part (b) to get the time necessary for the plate to move within a distance h of the surface for a fixed value of F (assuming for the purpose of the calculation that h is infinite when t = 0).