Sunteți pe pagina 1din 16

EE132

Power System Analysis and Design

MCBLOYOLA
SYMMETRICAL FAULT
ANALYSIS

MCBLOYOLA
Network Reduction Technique
 Make the single line diagram of the network including each
component’s ratings.
 Choose a common base and convert all parameters in per unit
values referred to the common base.
 From the single line diagram, draw the impedance (or reactance)
diagram with the per unit values.
 Reduce the impedance (or reactance) diagram by network
reduction, keeping the identity of the fault point intact. Find the
impedance (or reactance) of the system as seen from the fault
point (Thevenin’s impedance).
 Determine fault current and fault MVA in per unit. Convert these
units to actual values.
 Retrace the steps of calculations to work out the current and
voltage distribution throughout the network.

MCBLOYOLA
Calculations
𝑉𝐹,𝑝𝑢
𝐼𝐹,𝑝𝑢 = 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝐹,𝑝𝑢 = 3(𝐼𝐹,𝑝𝑢 )(𝑉𝑆,𝑝𝑢 )
𝑍𝑒𝑞,𝑝𝑢
𝑀𝑉𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒
𝐼𝐹 = (𝐼𝐹,𝑝𝑢 )(𝐼𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 ) 𝑀𝑉𝐴𝐹 =
𝑍𝑒𝑞,𝑝𝑢
𝑀𝑉𝐴𝐹 (1,000)
𝐼𝐹 =
3 (𝑘𝑉𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 )
MCBLOYOLA
Illustration 1
A 3-phase, 10,000-kVA, 11-kV alternator has a
subtransient reactance of 8%. A 3-phase short
circuit occurs at its terminals. Determine the
fault current and fault MVA. Choose 10 MVA
and 11 kV as bases.

MCBLOYOLA
Illustration 2
A symmetrical 3-phase short circuit occurs on
the 22-kV bus of the circuit as shown in Fig. 1.
Calculate the fault current and the fault
apparent power.

MCBLOYOLA
Figure 1. Circuit for Illustration 2. (Gupta, 2015)

MCBLOYOLA
Illustration 3
A 3-phase transmission line (Fig. 2) operating at 10
kV and having a resistance of 1 Ω and reactance
of 4 Ω is connected to the generating station bus
bars through 5 MVA step-up transformer having a
reactance of 5%. The bus bars are supplied by 10-
MVA alternator having 10% reactance. Calculate
the short circuit kVA fed to symmetrical fault
between phases if it occurs: (a) at the load end of
transmission line; and (b) at the high voltage
terminals of the transformer.
MCBLOYOLA
Figure 2. Power network for Illustration 3 (Gupta, 2015)

MCBLOYOLA
Illustration 4
Two generators are connected in parallel to the low-
voltage side of 3-phase, delta-wye transformer as shown in
Fig. 3. Ratings of the generators are:
G1 : 50 MVA, 13.8 kV, X” = 25%
G2 : 25 MVA, 13.8 kV, X” = 25%
Transformer ratings are 75 MVA, 13.8/69 kV with the leakage
reactance of 10%. Before fault occurs, the voltage on high
tension side of the transformer is 66 kV at F. The transformer
is unloaded. Find the subtransient current in each generator
when a 3-phase short circuit occurs on the high-tension side
of the transformer.
MCBLOYOLA
Figure 3. Power network for Illustration 4 (Gupta, 2015)

MCBLOYOLA
Illustration 5
Fig. 4 shows a generating station feeding
power to a 132-kV system. Determine the (a)
total fault current; (b) fault level; and (c) fault
current supplied by each alternator for a 3-
phase fault at the receiving end bus. The line
is 200 km long.

MCBLOYOLA
Figure 4. Power network for Illustration 5 (Gupta, 2015)

MCBLOYOLA
Illustration 6
The one-line diagram of a three-phase power
system is shown in Fig. 5. Using per unit method
of analysis, calculate the 3-phase short circuit
MVA at fault point F.

MCBLOYOLA
Figure 5. Power network for Illustration 6 (Gupta, 2015)

MCBLOYOLA
References
 Gupta, J. B. (2015). A course in electrical power. S. K. Kataria & Sons:
New Delhi
 Grainger, J. J., et. al. (2016). Power system analysis. McGraw-Hill
Education: Singapore
 Das, D. (2006). Electrical power systems. New Age International (P)
Ltd., Publishers: New Delhi

MCBLOYOLA

S-ar putea să vă placă și