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S – Shadjam
R- Rishabham
G- Gandharam
M- Madhyamam
P – Panchamam
D – Dhaivatham
N – Nishadham
Prakrithi Swaras - In the above seven swaras the swaras S and P have no variation . They are
called Prakrithi swaras.
Vikrithi Swaras – Remaining five Swaras R,G,M,D,N have variation. They are called Vikrithi
swaras.
The Variations are
R1- Suddha Rishabham
R2 – Chathushruthi Rishabham
R3 – Shatsruthu Rishabham
G1 – Suddha Gandharam
G2 – Sadharana Gandharam
G3 – Anthara Gandharam
M1 – Suddha Madhyamam
M2 – Prathi Madhyamam
D1 – Suddha Dhaivatham
D2 – Chathurshruthi Dhaivatham
D3 – Shatsruthi Dhaivatham
N1 – Suddha Nishadham
N2 – Kaisiki Nishadham
N3 – Kakali Nishadham
Thalam :
Akshara – One Akshara means one count (or each unit)of thalam.
Saptha thalams:
There are five jathis . Jathis are defined according to laghu count. They are
The permutation and combination of Seven thalams and five jathis gives 35 thalams.
There are two ways of writing notations. One is staff notation which is used in western music
and other is the script notation ( S,R,G,M) notation which is used in our Indian music.
While writing notation for our music , Laghu, dhrutham,Anudrutham or any anga of thalam is
separated by “ │” . And the end of every cycle of thalam is denoted by “││”.
All the basic lessons from Sarali varisai to Alankaram is sung in Ragam Mayamalava gowlai.