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ELECTRICAL MACHINES
Here, is the
instantaneous rate at which the
voltage source performs work. To
find the total work done in
again in the direction of the force establishing the final current in
at its point of application. the inductor, we must integrate
the above expression.
Energy Stored in an Inductor
Thus,
h h Bmax
curve where the slope begins to 1.7
f watts/meter3
change rapidly is termed the
knee. Where f is the frequency n hertz
Hysteresis Loss
Eddy Current Loss
the energy dissipated in the
occurs whenever conducting
material as a form of heat when a
material is placed in changing
magnetic material is taken
magnetic field
through a cycle of magnetisation
The magnitude of the loss is
Energy loss per unit volume for
dependent in the property of the
each cycle of magnetisation is
material, its dimensions and the
equal to the area of hysteresis
frequency of alternating field
loop
Eddy current loss per unit volume
According to Steinmetz’s formula,
is given by:
the heat energy dissipated is
2 Bmax
2
f 2t 2
e 6
watts/meter3
t = thickness
B Bmax sin 2ft
= is the resistivity of the
material
2. How many armature conductors are there in a generator, given the following
information?
Solution:
Z = Eg x a x 60 x 108 / ɸ x P x rpm
240 x 2 x 60 x 108 / 2.73x106 x 4 x 1200
= 220 conductors
Example Problem
1. An a-c generator has six poles and operates at 1,200 rpm. (a) What frequency
does it generates? (b) At what speed must the generator operate to develop 25
cycles? 50 cycles?
a.) Given: Required: f
Solution:
P=6
f = P x rpm/ 120= 6 x 1200 / 120=
rpm = 1,200 60cycles
Solution:
rms25 = 120 x 25 / 6= 500
rms50 = 120 x 50 / 6 = 1000
3. Calculate the force exerted by each conductor, 6 in. long, on the armature of a
d-c motor when it carries a current of 90 amp and lies in a field of density of
which is 52,000 lines per square inch.
Given: Required: F
L = 6 in.
I = 90 amp
B = 52,000
Solution:
F = B x I x L / 11,300,000
F = 52,000 x 90 x 6 / 11,300,00 = 2.5 lb.