daai® gaa' gé? Gwong? Ding! Waa ! sO my (Jyutping version) Chow Bun ChingUnit.t; Introduction In this course, both Chinese script and alphabetic characters have been used t0 represent the syllables of Cantonese. ‘The phonetic transcription in alphabetic characters (commonly referred to as romanization) provides an important tool for new earners to acquire the sounds and tones of Cantonese, even though it is not generally used by native Cantonese speakers (who simply use the Chinese characters itself to represent the language). For the romanization, this course has adopted the “Linguistic Society of Hong Kong (LSHR) Cantonese Romanization Scheme”, or known as “Jyutping®” to transcribe Cantonese sounds into alphanumeric characters, with certain modifications. The Chinese traditional characters included in the course are mainly for readers of Chinese and native Cantonese speakers; they demonstrate pronunciation to aid new learners. Three important elements in the Cantonese syllable: The basic characteristic of Cantonese pronunciation is that for each Chinese character there is a single syllable associated with it. ‘The syllable in Cantonese language consists of three basic elements: initials, finals and tones. 1. Initial: ‘The sound of consonant at the beginning of a syllable. There are 19 initials in all. 2. Final: The sound of the vowel sound plus final consonant, if any, at the end of asyllable, There are $1 common finals in al 3. Tone: The relative pitch, or variation of pitch, of a syllable. There are 6 tones in all Note: There are two nasal consonants that can stand-alone without a vowel. These. are consonants “mn” & “ng”, which are called Syllabic Nasals. ‘The syllables are made up of various combinations of 19 initial consonant sounds Gnitial) and 51 common vowels and vowel-consonant groups (final). In addition, a fixed tone pattern of fixed length is superimposed onto each syllable (tone), ‘Note that some initials or finals can be used independently and do not need to be in. combination with others (see next Lopic: the combination of initial and final). Note also that it is essential that the six tone patterns have to be mastered. Syutping was designed and proposed by the Linguistic Society of Hong Kong in 1993 in order to standatdize a simple, ensy-1o-Leaen and easy-to-use Cantonese romanization scheme (hitp:Msihk of cityu.ed.bk/) 6Cantemese Sound System Let’s taixe “good moming” as an example for Cantonese syllable structure in Jyutping and diacritics devised by the author. ‘The following two syllables form the phrase mean “good morning” in Cantonese: @ ep -T02 Veaatea eoe and number for Jow falling pitch | Gah aan initial final tone mark and number for high rising pitch 4 JR (morning) The combinations of initial and final (syllables in Cantonese’ Wi Element Pattern*| Example @C0-703 1.) One central yowel v 54 (diarrhea); Ga" (crow) ‘One central vowel & one semi-vowel Oi? (love! ine central vowel & 0 yay | OP dove), AP (short in height) 3.] One central vowel & final consonant | ¥+C AM (nunnery): Uk" (house) One initial consonant & one central CB" (vehicle); FUP Grousers) hOuF (goody; SEI (four) 4 cw vowel (One initial consonant & two vowels Seca C+V+V (iphthong) One initial cons central g,| One initial consomant, one ce ee vowel & final consonant Jat’ (one); SAp® (ten) 7.| Nasal consonant (Syllabic nasals) A (not); NGF (five) *V = vowel; C = consonant‘Unit LcLatroduction i nitials | @co-Tos We shall start with the initials of Cantonese syMlables. There are 19 distinctive initials and they can be divided into five groups as seen in the summary table below: LNonaspirated] 2Aspirated | 3.Volced [4 Fricative &[ 5.Semi- | Voicetess® | Voiceless@ | Nasal® | Continuant® | vowel b ipl T je) Pip’) {(p0)_ |m (rn) |(mo) ledaey | tty (tay | mem |(naay (cae al : ) dtd gik} |(gaa) | ko] (kaa) jng [9] |(ngaa) gw {k*} |(gwo) | kw {k""] (wo) Zits) |(ze) | cis") |(¢e) Note: the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is shown in bracket [] for sounding reference. Group 1:_Non-aspirated Voiceless 0-105 ‘There is no pulf of air associated with the non-aspirated sound. Tn English these non-aspirated consonants are normally found in the middle of words and are produced in anon-aspirated manner. Note that in Cantonese the consonants “b”, “d”, “g”, “gw? and “2” are voiceless ~ that is the vocal chords do not vibrate in producing these consonants. “T Pronownced similarly az| Cantonese | Jn eee chen? | cummin | Miata Cantonese y| b j lel | sey ng? sick : | d | “wpe war x) big »| 9 a sae gui 3 ~ 4) | ow © sguad | gwai? = = | y| z | os ae ar early |Cantonese Sound System Group 2: Aspirated Voiceless @cD-T03 ‘This group is all aspirated. This means that the production of the sound is very similar to Group 1 but there is a puff of air released afler the sound. Its said that the aspiration in Cantonese is generally stronger than in that of Engl Pronounced sinilary as) Cantonese Louaping) 18 Meaning in Cantonese I inthe English word | exampe@ _| YD) ep [el | pan cheap al} t fe] | tan painful near, close a) k fe) | kit : deficient 4) kw | oe) | quiee si Secu ees Fl _|_ easy to get sick) dy} co (4) | bits ot late Group 3: Voiced Nasals @ 0D -T07 This group of nasals is similar to those found in English and other languages and therefore should be easy to reproduce, ‘The only exception may be “ng” as an initial, To pronounce the initial “ng”, make sure that the back of the tongue is against the soft palate, Its said that the initial “ng” is similar to the “gn'* in the English “gnaw”, e.g. “ng&? (7; me)” sounds very much Tike “gnaw”, a Pronounced snttartyas| Cantonese | a rap feaning in Cantonese nd inthe English word example ® * Dim [m] | my min® Fy boring Da) nm | tn) | no naant # 3) ng | toh | hang; singer Ngo" # Notes: J. Some Cantonose speakers sound “I” for “n” for words with initial n, e.g. “ni? (rou)” is pronounced as “I8 ". Generally speaking, both pronunciations are understood by people, 2. Some Cantonese speakers do not have “ng” as initial sound. Missing “ng” as initial sound in the pronunciation is considered as “lazy sounding”, e.g, “ngo® (I; me)” is pronounced as “ 8°” instead of "ngé®”. 3, The above mis.sounding should not be encouraged. _It would become harder for these people to lean other languages if they had less sounding repertoire in their native Janguage. Unfortunately, many Hong Kong native speakers are found to have these “azy sound” problem. Kevfortones: | ° si’ sf si' sist siUnit 1 Totrodvetion Group 4: Fricative and Continuants @ cp -708 Fricatives are consonants produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together (Wikipedia 2007). A continuant is a sound produced with an incomplete closure of the vocal tract (Crystal 1991). The following initials are very likely to be similar to sounds ia your own Language, Tf these sounds do not appear in your language, make sure you pay special attention to their pronunciation here. ie za ie Prone iro] Conte Meaning in poe | eal inthe English word | _ example® : yn] f ff | for faa? te fast | Vo a | “line : i tng" a LL beau al al h th] | halt cE fs hour 4 _ good ' a| s | t | se sa? i ae Group 5:_Semi-vowels as suppler entary i Is @ CD -TO9 ‘This final group of initials is again likely to be very similar to sounds in English. Listen to them carefully to see if there are an; y slight differences. Pronounced similarly as| Cantonese mA [Meaning Cantonese in the English word example il | pes easy iw] west bad 10 gs forsoner si’ si? sisi’ ssiCantonese Sound System ‘This is the term commonly used to describe the remaining part of the Cantonese syllable after the initial. It comprises of a central vowel combined with an optional semi-vowel or consonant at the end of the syllable. There are nine main ‘transcriptions for the central vowel sounds, namely “aa, @~, @, |, 0, U, 08, €0~” and “yu”, Itis important to note that quite a number of vowels have a long and short version and it is essential that learners can not only distinguish them but also practice and master the six special short vowels indicated with a“>” separately, Please refer 10 the Table of 51 Common Finals below for reference. ‘Table of 51 Common Finals Keim: u stiatishsi sisi?‘Unit J: Introduction ‘The 51 finals can be divided into four groups as follows: jroup 1: _Nine main vowels @c0-710 ‘Cantonese vowels have been noted for the emphatic movement of the lips and facial muscles and may need extra practice to properly imitate the sounds accurately, You may wish to slightly exaggerate your imitation of the vowels in the following vowel drills. Note thet “a~” and “eo~” are always followed by a semi-vowel or consonant, while “u” and “yu” always begin with “w~” and “j~” respectively when there is no other initials appears. iF vine | gem | Pronounced inital as | Camonese | meine oa inthe English word | example® eae eaeeeee faa’ 7 flower 1 : >) oe | | fatter saan’ il mountain [Dt we fe |e san' new oat & a | 14) i | Ga | see | ot & sticky 1) law, do" § mood fe af trousers her (French: neuf) hdet Hr. boot 8) | eo~* | fot | (French: wil) | ZhOP mouth, beak 9 | yur | iy | (French: dessus) syu' & book *99","@0~" and “yu” are considered as independent vowels (not diphthongs) pronounced as {ce}, [o] and fy-] with rounded lips (known as labialization). 2 : at’ sf* si’ si" sl” srCantonese Sound System Group 2: Ten diphthongs @00-111 Diphthongs are sounds consisting of a combination of wo vowels. They are commonly found in many other languages. The ten diphthongs in Cantonese are made up of a central yowel sound as the first element and a semi-vowel either an “i” or a“u" at the end: — Central vowel + i (semi-vowel) ‘entral vowel + U Please note that “aai” has a long “aa” and a weak “I”, while “al” has a short “a” and astrong “i”, When you are first learning to separate these two diphthongs, the shorter “ai” should be pronounced with a tendency to close the mouth, while the longer “aai" should be pronounced with the mouth open for longer. I would advise 10 exaggerate these two diphthongs when learning so as to make a clearer distinction. Please also pay careful attention to the indicated finals with short vowels Pronounced similarly as) Cantonese Iyaping | TPA Meaning in Cantonese inthe English wort _| _example® | | aai | fai) faai? fast 2) al fel sai ta small i BD) fei} | day. nai? tk if am lal oi bil | boy oP love a] ul guilt §¢ tired 6) f> ect | txt | crrench: deuity | KBOF fe he, she, him, hee >| aau | teat | moe | laut | ca 8)} au feu} cee i gu? # if dog 1] tw (iu) | few stu? > few; a litle 10) }> ou ox] | go nu good | Key fortones: si’ sf’ si’ si" sT° st? BbUnit A: Antroduction Group 3:_ Seventeen finals ending in nasal consonant 00-112 “The following nasal endings are commonly found in English and other languages, but for Mandarin speakers they may have difficulty with the “m” ending sound since this sound does not exist in their native language. ‘The more important distinetion within this group is between the final “n” and the similar sounding "ng", Note also that some native Cantonese speakers may also wrongly pronounce the final “~ng” as “~n". ‘Again, some exaggeration of pronouncing at the beginning of the Jearning stage will aid your mastering of these sounds. Central vowel + Mm Central vowel + “ping | im | ommend ear | Te _ | Meaning x Coroner | aam [ie | om séam! 2 ‘three yi Maria ston aan accel means heart [im | tim) | seem a aim? ss how; o'clock ©) aan | wat | aun | an [er] | sua 6 | in {un} | seen D} on | ba} | own 8) | un | fon) | soon 9) [> eon | foal | London 1 | yun | ty} | (French: une) uy) aang | toni | emma uy | sang’ 2 | _ raw wncooted 12); ang | fol | rung dang? @ to wait for 13)! eng | fen] | length léng? deautiful 14)) > ing | bo) | sing sing? #4 surname 19} ong | foro) | long gong? 3 harbour 16)| > ung | fon) | (German: aching)! ding? cold aa ‘no equivalent Ef 1D oeng | foe:n] | (somewhat like hoeng' # ‘fragrant |_| eel”) 14 Kevloconey si’ sf sisi’ si" st"sao Capronese Sound System Group 4:_Seventeen finals with unreleased stops “p, tk" @op-113, ‘This is an essential final sounding group that many learners of Cantonese find it difficult to pronounce and it is worth spending some time here to master these distinctive ending sounds. Many Cantonese syllables include the consonants “p” ork" at the end but they are different from many other languages in that they aro unreleased, so there is no puff of air al the end of the syllable. This sometimes leads to the three different final consonants sounding similar if pronounced incorrectly 30 make sure you thoroughly practice these three ending sounds Central vowel + p | | Conteal vowel + [ Central vowel +k i‘ a Pronounced similarly as Cantonese | ys eee vpn inthe English word but | Meaning in Cantonese peer | nonaspirsred atthe end|__exanple® “ 1) | aap | sharper daap* % to ride Ee Leet fame Da ae ip | deeper dip? aplate 4) | aat starter . baat? A z eight 7 at or} | butter cate | ®| it | ost | eaer D Lot “pl sorter. thirsty | ut | te) | footer wide >| >eot | i | alien | soon | toy] yut_ | ty) | (French: chute) | moon; month 1] aak hundred 12)| ak mrucker eee na} ek | checker smart; capable To] > ik | thicker ee oknow [15 ok | fk) | locker to descend { ats is)| >uk | [ve] | cooker (| ook | text | jerk 1sUnit LJnwoduetion ¥ Note that the ~p, ~t, ~K group of finals are, in fact, similar to the previous corresponding ~m, ~R, ~Ng group of finals because the tongue and lips are in the same positions for these final sounds, i.e. the lips for “m” & “p" in “sam! --(hearty" and “sap' i&/wer)”, the tongue tip for “n” & “t” in “j2n" A(reason)” and “jatt —~ (one)", and the back of tongue for “ng” & *k” in “ling’ hole)” and “k* de (wheel)”, are same. : for example “séip® +(fen)", you need to close the lips to make the “p” sound, but do not open them again that can cause a puff of air to be released. for example “fat —(one)", make sure you form a regular “t” sound (which you do normally just above the upper teeth) and do not produce a puff of air after stopping the air stream, “ok”: for example “WK® “(six)”, again just form a“ but remember not to aspirate the ending. ” consonant in the normal way @ep-14 Tn Cantonese, the sounds “m” and “ng” can form a syllable of their own, Frontal tary ax |” Ganese [7 Sang | kOe lh won cnampleg, _ | Mening in Conor sounds just like 4. dtom | tm : aa | “mmh” | i ami” ui aa 2) ag | to a | ‘The syllabic consonant “m’ is always used in the lowest tone (low falling tone) indicating the negation of verbs or adjectives. The tone mark is marked above the “mi, And “ng” is always used in low tones such as “ng? $2(a Chinese surname)”, “ng* E(five)” and “nG® Wi(mistaken)”. The tone mark is marked above the “g” Note: The “ng” syllabic is often mispronounced as “my” by Hong Kong native speakers. 16 Kye foc igney st’ of? si’ it sf sirn] Cantonese Sound System ‘The characteristic that distinguishes Cantonese from most Western languages is that it is tonal, Cantonese is a tonal language — each syllable has a specific tone associated with it, A tone is a distinctive relative pitch, high, middle or low, ora distinctive pitch contour, rising or falling in the range of one’s voice. ‘There are six different tones in Cantonese, ‘Tho syllabic tone in Cantonese is an essential element of the language because the meaning of the word can change with a different tone. Here is ‘an example of this feature with the syllable “si” shown here with different tones and meanings. Note the difference in meaning from the change in tone. Tone e Example @0D-T15 1 | High levet tone Ti silk; poem; Fe corpse; #f master Um feces; & history 2_| High rising tone 3_| Mid level tone [BR try; AK Kill Low falling tone | BE time [FF city; marker 4 5_| Low rising tone 6 Low level tone [3 matter; A vision ‘As you can see, if you use the wrong tone, you are probably saying a completely different word, It will seem odd at first that in order to speak the language correctly you have to maintain, raise or lower the relative pitch of your voice to produce the correct tone (it’s a bit like singing), but after a litle practice and finding a comfortable tone range, you will discover it to become progressively easier to do. @ Tone Numbers (for ordering of the same sound in a dictionary and typing with keyboard): Like in most Cantonese dictionary or other romanization systems, Jyutping also uses numeral numbers 1 ~ 6 to indicate from high to low tones. Ttis recommended that you remember the traditional tone order, and therefore be able to use 1-6 to indicate Cantonese tone in typing or in consulting a Cantonese dictionary. In Unit 1, 2 and the Glossaries the tone numbers 1 — 6 will be written in superscript in order to make the tone marks clearly recognizable. © Tone Mnemonics (iacritics snd hand signais for teaching and learning) In order to remind you of the different tones, the author hs designed a hand signal system to represent each of the six tones. As an iconic notation of tones, instead of the tone numbers 1 ~ 6, diacritics (tone marks) are used in the main text as a visual impression (image) on the top of the first vowel or on the tope of the letter of the syllabic nasals, to help you remind yourself of the tone for each Cantonese syllable, You may always convert the tone marks into tone numbers according to the Key for Tones at the bottom of each page when you need to. Key for tones: 0 si’ is si'si* 61?Inmoduetion “The following is an example of this modified system with the sketch illustrating the relative pitch curve of the six tones and the Cantonese syllable “si” in all six tones with diacritics and hand signals. ®¢0-115, fone no. Mnemonics Diacrities [Note:The keyboarike column on above left gives leamers an idea about the range of elaivepiteh in Cantonese, Let us describe each of the tones, its hand signals and how its diacritics and tone numbers are written in the following: The 1* tone is the high level tone. If you start your voice high-pitched and let it slays more or less at the same high pitch throughout, that's the high level tone. Hold your left fist and stretch your index finger then keep it in the horizontal level (BH). Wis marked with a macron (~) above the first vowel or the number "1" at the end of the syllable, e.g. S77 #h(silk), fin" 3(minute). ‘The 2™ tone is the high rising tone. It starts at a fairly low pitch'and normally rises above the pitch of the 1" tone. Hold your left fist and stretch your index finger then keep it up in 45 degree ( (3°). Ibis marked with an acute accent () above the first vowel or the number “2” at the end of the syllable, e.g. sf*4R (feces), fn*4y(powder). ‘The 3 tone is the mid level tone. It is a steady pitch around the middle tone of a person's voice and is considered as a comfortable tone of one’s voice. Just hold you left fist and no need to use any finger (“2}). It is marked with a small circle (+) above the first vowel or the number “3” at the end of the syllable, e.g. si*#4(oy), fanPanl(sleep ) 18 Key for tones: si’ sf si sl’ si” si”mo Cantonese Sound System ‘The 4 tone is the low falling tone. This is the lowest tone among the six tones in Cantonese, It starts from lower than the medium pitch and falls to a fairly low pitch. Hold your left thumb up indicating the lower tone and show yout little finger down representing the falling pitch ( (3 ), It is marked with a grave accent (+) above the first vowel or the number “4” at the end of the syllable, e.g. si*#(key), fan*3#(tomb). ‘The 5" tone is the low rising tone. It starts almost in the same pitch as the 2™ tone but only rises to about the mid level tone. Also hold your left thumb up indicating the lower tone and stretch your index finger then keep it up in 45 degree showing it is a rising pitch (/4). Ibis marked with a hacek (~ ) above the first vowel or the number “3° at the end of the syllable, e.g, S17 (city), Ran? pwork vigorously, The 6" tone is a Jow level tone. It stays at a constant Jow pitch for its duration of the syllable, Also hold your Jeft thumb up indicating the lower tone and stretch the other four fingers out in the horizontal level, It shows a letter “I.” reminding you that it is a tow level tone (/+3). It is marked with a flattened capital letter “L” (~ ) above the st vowel or the number “6” at the end of the syllable, e.g. S19 (mater), fn®¢y (portion). Note thet in the Syllabic Nasals “m” and “ng”, which has no vowel letters, the tone mark is written above the “m’” and “g”, e.g. M*° (not) and nH (five). Here are the numerals 0-10 in six tones for you to practice: @¢D-118 Five 5 ng? low falling | low rising | low level 0 acre agree lings, ng i Key for tones: 19 si" sf? sisi si? siUnit t: Intcoduction “The sounds of high and low tones depend on individuals and willbe different from people to people with higher or lower pitched voices. Ifthe high tone is too high it «vill not only sound silly but also uncomfortable to say. The ow falling tone is quite distinctive in bow low itis. fit is too low it will be difficult to reproduce and if not ow enough it cannot be easily distinguished by Cantonese speakers. ‘Therefore itis important to first find your own highest tone (the 1" tone) and lowest rone (he 4 tone), e.g. 84am" 2 (three) — ling’ (zero), fan" fing* ak%e(welcome), ctu" jantse A(superman). Starting from the 1" tone, establish the 2” and 3 tones, e.g. Sam" = (three) — GAUPA. (nine) - S@i*a (four), eT" 26? sin*#i x 88 (gor crazy). After that, work on the S& and 6° tones beginning with your 4" tone, e.g. ling* & (cere) ~ GPE. (five) —j¥°-= (nwo), [But ngaan® io! Hw (Fears fall from eyes). stablishing and being aware of your tones is @ crucial part of the Cantonese language Jearning so make sure you are able to distinguish and reproduce all six tones well Now let's try to practice the following six tones one after another: @C0-117 = ae Dee eS 1 2. 3. 4, 5. 6. high level_| high rising | mid Jeyel_| low falling} low rising | tow level | 2 ; a {| fa" We fo? fi fas far |2)] baai* béaP baai? baal’ baai® 3)) sam' sant sam* sam? sam? 4)) dang" dang* dang? fi aac eee - is greece 5)) 1k" j_ tae Wik Wake |) sadam’ 2% | mout te | WP hdait # | jyu® se | _(etores, hats, trousers shoes and socks) : 1p] saam' = | dim? gs | bin? + (Come to ny place at halpast three) Bue | sy] fant a | nd? & | dour at | ut A | ngan® m| Tol? ak ye | (dam so happy that fears fall from ni ae 5 }9y| Jatt - win? [ | ngaut 4 | ndam® ta | min? 98 (One small bow of noodles with beef brisket.) co | sda as | hts wii? | man® si" sf? si sits? stImmediately Useful Expressio Here are some very useful expressions for you to try out and this section will also let you get used to the Jyutping. As a beginner, all you need to know is that each character will have a monosyllabic sound and tone, You will need to get a native Cantonese speaker to say them aloud or listen to the recording and mimic them properly. 1, Basic greetings @cp.118 . R/S = lyou goods , InBi HOU? (2° sine meeting) lik’ HEY lyou goody 3, (@:ndi® hou? maa? tl EHD you good! FTV 4, Ar g6l? héu?. jue samt. BR AS alo spite’ good! have! _heart/ : h6u? héur, a aH) + ery! goods maa* m&a? déi? 6. Just 0-80. ha soot 7, [Ae fh* hai? géit hour, Not so good. “B/ fl BR ARI © sv be) ule! good! : 8, Ax the hou’. Nez good, B/E > ol _good! 9, |WalP cemen ciner acquaintance =Hil 1 hac =Hey! 10, [Bat LUA finiormary Hello! hal el [sound transcription from Fgh Key forse: a sisi" si si?1; Jntrodustion 2. Everyday greetings @co-118 Cantonese __ English Equivalent Morning |z6u? sant, =Good morning. It sey Be | Jesiy’ morning/ Night zou tau’. Pi fe ly! ros =Sleep well. 3. Greetings around mealtimes @co-719 ___ Cantonese : English Equivalent termoon 10: STk® 26% faan® mBie aa*? | =Have you eaten yer? {around Bl ei Hl RI HIP | =(How's it going?) done vt mealies) a Av: STk® 26? taa®. = el EI bile ea done! PU =¥es, I’ve eaten. Az: mBi® aa®. =No, not yet. AG notjev PP ene : STK® 26? faan® maBi® aa*? | =Have you eaten yet? Incatines) | RY sei lH? | Ihe on? jiu, Never mind. int" d5u® ting! (c8"). ve RS (RD tees sony et ees Irs all right. Forget it. aa Don't worry. 3, imbue mane tait. ‘No problem, ah LB ave nov problems 9, |maal* daan'! The bill! a ut Jomup/ bit The check! 10" Tau® lke! Towant to get off (om avehicle ee (As ued np ight ust - nibs) ‘Siop (the car) here!UniLuinwoduetion "Cantonese _ ___English Equivalent j 12. Im gait dang? dang?. Please wait (a moment). ee Be ‘also “tn* gait dang? jat? Zin?" ee ae (also *th* goi* déing? jet? 28") | 13 Ie gait 26% 26%. Please let me go through. | be wy fH s a je eeu Excuse me (vant get throwgh) 14. int goit faai® dT*. ‘aster, please. Me RY wy eee |i Be quick, please. 15. mais jOk*, béi? cin? ngd*! Freeze (Don't move)! Give me the |e ae ao ace ee | money! \tores movel, give! money’ mel _ i ei | tora robbery) a 16. |gaus m&ng® aa*! Help! ee {asking for help ina critical situation) save! Pu 17 Ine géi' dda? gau? gdu? gdu*! | Please dial 999! (for the potice) he tl ath A AVL | Please call the police. piemet ky niney ine! nine! 18. Ingdt mt zit. I don't know. | lar var sors lv noe) sow! | 6, Classroom expressions @cp-122 English Equivalent stad Cantonese 1. |ngi® jut mou* mant tai* aa°? es Bf) OD BY HID lyou” have! have now question / FT! -Do yo have any questions? 2 Ingéé jdu® man? tait. =I have a question. a a OY ave! question! 3. |ngé? méu® man? tai. =I have no questions, ja af a lv _havenov question! 4. |nai® ming m4 ming! aa?? =Do you understand? el ABA? w/clear now clear! PU don't understand. ngd® m4 ming’. Ala a i \e__mot)_clea! | ®& Ingd® mings. =I understand. aS Ae LW eae Key: fpe tones: s'efstal'st stImmediately Useful Expressions 7. \dak? mh* dak" aa°? Hes E/E? fokay/ nou okay/ PT! Is that okay? 8. dak", mSu® méin® tai Bi hl a We jokay/ have not’ — question/ =Okay, no problem. 9. Imei® dak’ &a*. a OO etze_okayl_ PT =Not yet. 10. h* gar zol* gong? jat’ ci? da’. he aR) BAY atl = plese? agai’ say! one =Please say it once more. ith gol gong? daai® séng’ di”. eR KR ay fice! say dou ae =Please speak louder. Ith* gdi* gant ngd® géng?. an ee Weer ane i lpleasey follow! me! say! TE goi* gong? maan® aT", “Please speak slower. h/t B/ ay) e plasey say! slow! el 13. la git gong? faal® di’. =Please speak faster. Bak RH + lice’ sayfa ve 14, =Please repeat afier me. 15. Jat eai* gong?. — a logerned say Indu? hou*, ae! He fesw good! =Say it together 17. thaa® cis 261? gin’. Fh OW AY A> netow! ume! apn’ see! It is particularly important to seek advice and feedback on how well you are doing at reproducing the correct tones in Cantonese, After some practice, try to find a native Cantonese to try out your newly acquired tones. If they seem to understand what you say then you are doing well. But if they do not seem to understand, then it could either be a tone problem or the inaccuracy of the pronunciation. In this case, you ‘will need to pinpoint the problem and further practice to overcome it. Key for wove si’ sf sh sit st? si® 25ee Unit Two Numerals. Cardinal Numbers Ordinal Numbers Traditional Signs for Numbers Money Date . Clock Time - Counting Things with Measure WordsUnit. 2: Numerals ‘Unit 2: Numerals In order to survive in Hong Kong, knowledge of numbers, the number system and how numbers are used in Cantonese is very important, We will tackle all these aspects in the following sections. Remember, this is also a good opportunity to practice Cantonese sounds and tones you have just learned, so try to pay attention to the accuracy of your pronunciation. ‘Also, the following sections include some fundamental concepts that may be different from your own language, like the concept of measure words or how numbers are built upin Cantonese. Try to spend some time understanding'these sections and you will find learning much easier later on in the course. | 1, Single digit numbers (0 - 9) @cp-123 fo yi 2 3 45 gare | ling’ | Jat | i? [samt] seit | gt | | baat? | gau? | L# = = [ @ z x + x fe My telephone number is... For example 2659-4713: nad® gé* din? waa? ha! 41°, 1k, ng, au", séP, cat ja, sam’. GIO 9534-2095; 2859-1010, | 8971-2507; 9500-2468; 2. Building up numbers from 10 to 19 @cD-T24 Ten Eleven Twelve Thirteen Fourteen Fificen Sixteen stip? 7 slip® sam’ spt séi* sap? ng stip? 1k® saip* cat* stip® baat? stip? du? Seventeen Fighteen Nineteen 28 Kev for tones si’ si*si'si* s! st| Candinal_Numerale 3. Building up numbers from 20 to 99 20 is “wo ten”, ic. T° sp? +++ in Cantonese, therefore 21 is “two ten one”, JT° sp? jat* : ° spe jT® =+>, 30is “three ten", sam’ sip? 2 +, and so on. 4, Abbreviations of “~ sp’ @ co -125 a) The two-digit numbers are abbreviated in informal speech, especially in quoting prices, “JT* stp*+ Numeral" (twenty + something) are often contracted to “f8a° + Numeral” of 8° + Numeral": & fe Ji? sp? To jaae jv ») + Numeral” (thirty + something) are often contracted to Numeral": @ fe sam! sap’ ng’ => sda’ Ba® __sdam' slp* baat? => saat Ba* baat® ° numbers from 40 onwards, the word “sBp™ (ren) is reduced to ng sp*gau* > _nd* Ba gau? |_baat? sap® sai aal® Ba sam 5. Numerals iridicating hundreds “baak’a” @cp -T26 tt bak? 1x 100 one hundred jv? baake 2x 100 two hundred sdiam" baak* 3x 100 three hundred sei? baak* 4x 100 Jour hundred ng? baak* 5x 100 five hundred 10° baak* 6x 100 six hundred cat" bale 7x 100 seven hundred baat® baak® 8x 100 eight hundred gau? baak* 9x 100 nine hundred Key orton 2» st sf sP sit st st”Unit 2. Numerals 6, Building up numbers from 101 to 999 @cp-127 jat’ bak’ ting* ja 1x 1004041 jT® baake jT* sap? jie 2x 100+ 2042 nig® baak? Itik® s&p® cat* 5x 100+ 6047 cat’ baak® sdam' s8p* 7x 100 +30 baat® baak* baat® sap® baat? 8 x 100+ 80+8 gau? baak* gdu? stip* g4u? 9 x 100+ 99) 7. Counting thousands and above @ 0-128 In Chinese, “cTn* +-” is used to indicate thousands and there is an additional unit “maan®#,” to indicate ten thousand. Here is a chart to show the Chinese counting system: © (en thousands) maan? i, (thousands) cin' + (hundreds) baak’ a (tens) sip} (ones) | ee (=Ninety-eight thousand seven hundred and sity iii Above “man®¥” (10,000), the Chinese system counts up to ten “maan®ii” (100,000), hundred “maan® 3” (1,000,000), and a thousand “méan® ” (10,000,000). The next higher count, a “maan®#” “maan®%" is denoted by anew unit “{7k*4" (100,000,000). See chart below: & {100 mittions} (20 millions) Jkt cin man’) fitons) (8) + () — baak® (mBan®) (100 thousands) @ (CH) sAp* (mAan*) (10 thousands) + C8) méan® # 9 8 ft 6 5(0, 000) (@Nine hundred eighty- seven million and six hundred & fifty thousand) S Kee facies, si of? si sf" st’ stconnotations. Here are some numbers that rhyme with special meaning: [ nin’ 8. Numbers with special meaning, lucky and taboo mumbers: To the Chinese, many numbers are endowed with positive or negative (or both) a) es easy ae f séang’ = z lative, bom | SPR Cie death = —! — ee ‘i5u® ae : sat" z lo lose; to die faa — prosper, make money cSeng* gau? EA "Vieng lasting, long life ir [perfect definitely; certainly Lucky numbers for the ve [sate raat |sure to prosper Beeaacese [ata ——easy to prosper | 118 Jat Pat fat? lmake money everyday 68 (jat' lOu* faat? vrosper all the way \business makes money liong & endless. |__ 9888 gau? fat? faat* faat® ‘Taboo numbers: @cD-r30 14 | sat sé ; me sé easy to die tee 164 | ja ours? idie all the way __| Ineither one thing nor the othe “et (not solid, bad or messy) tht sang’ mt séP Ineither dead nor alive : la man having an affair: Ito make trouble | tit sdam' rit séP géau? sdam' géau" séi* Choose an auspicious registration number for your car and explain why it is a 00d choice for you, | | | | Ko frames: I ST gi? si el I? siWhen a cardinal number is preceded by “dai® 38”, it becomes ordinal. @¢D -T31 dai? % + Number the first ai the second dai? saam' theathird dai" : (...and so on) dail? g6i?? ? what rank? ‘These ordinal numbers can be placed before a measure word (MW) and noun (N) as @ dai? % + Number + MW + N ait jat' gd? (jan) the first one (person) dai? J1® gaa? (08") the second one (vehicle) dai? sdam’ gaan’ (fong*) the third one (room) dait géi? + MW? RR+ MW? what rank? modifier. Read out the following ordinal numbers in Cantonese. e.g, 12th = d&i? s&p* jT* ye ao 10" which rank?, Listen to your teacher and write down the ordinal numbers eg So ( daiPng® ) ¢ ) geese ) ¢ ) i ) cient ) 32 Key for tones: st sf sisi" sl" si 2, Ordinal Numbers. 80raditional Signs for Numbers ‘These signs are usually used for showing prices in market, restaurant or sometimes minibus. HE tye dg fe fee (=) [Deaditional signs (Chinese characters | |— eA lta In written Chinese, we write the digits and the units of money as follows: ura aa Ae | int o | + expe unt 3 tan! Fcin' | @ baak | + sap’ Ain mae hut ee thousands | hundreds tens dollars | tencents | one cent Writing and Reading Order: from left to right, top to bottom. top row for numbers: ‘bottom row for digits & units: Bg. ») i ley MB ee 7 a Jee (82,90) ($3.10) (84, 50) i) 6+ ley XL lf) RO +5 + $58 ($56.00) | ($14. 00) _ (895.00) fe) =O hy RM i) 80 am Bat Fate ($803, 00) ($694, 00) ($3, 507. 00) Note that the small units of money like “ten-cent” or “one-cent” is omitted, 3‘Unit 2: Numerals 4. Money — al ‘The currency in Hong Kong is the HKS, which is pegged to the USS at a fixed rate of HK$7.80=USS1, The bank notes in circulation are in the following denominations: $1,000, $500, $100, $50, $20, $10. Coins can be found in units of $10, $5, $2, $1, 508, 20¢ and 10¢, Several local banks have the authority to issue bank notes so there are more than one design for cach denomination, ‘The Hong Kong Monetary Authority issues the HK$10 note, while all the other notes are issued either by HSBC, Bank of China or Standard Chartered Bank. (also see p.83) 1. Dollars @cb-132 Jn Fong Kong currency, the basic unit of money “ein?” is “main'st(dollars)”. ‘This unit is also used as a measure word, so when you want to say an amount of money, just include “mén'sX” after the numerical value. numerical value + Mant For example: @ 1) |_jat’ man* $1 ly | eng? man ne [5) | sp? man* $10 spe jf? maint aeaee|egl2 z Jat’ bak? mant $100 jabcin' man’ “| st, 000 | Jat man? man $10,000 [a | sap® maan® man" | $100, 000 > [Jat baak* maan® mant ‘| $1,000,000 _| Practice} Read out the amounts of money given below. For example: $350 = sam! baak? ng stip° man’ 1,489 lee ® In Cantonese there are (wo distinet words: : counting and in compound numbers such as “V® Sp (twenty)" and “f1° baal’ (ove hundred)" ete while “iSeng?” is used to quantify nouns such as “eng? man’ (two dollars)” and “Beng? g6? kant (ovo persons) ee. (also see p46) 34 Ke si’ sf si’ si I” sii | I 2 3. Money, ‘Ten-cent units @co -T33 In Hong Kong currency, a smaller unit of money than the dollar (man's) is “pout z{28+”, which is a ten-cent unit (similar to the US “dime”), One “maint 47 is equal to ten “hdu‘ zi? EF”, In colloquial speech, the shorter form “pout” is commonly used. This unit is also a measure word by itself. L9 + hdut % Eg @ i hout (24) lBeng! hout ( : ___| rventy cents 206 ne hdut (Zi) ify ccnts 506 Dollars & ten-cent units @cD -134 a) Using “go"t” instead of “man'st”: When a figure involves both dollars and ten-cent units, “g6*4” is used instead of “man"st” for dollars and “hdu*i#;" may be omitted in speech. Also, * * js used for 2 ten-cent units and “biin®F (Vhalf)” is used for 5 ton-cent (i.e. half dollar) units in such cases. Har) units in auch C0806 figure of dollars + gO*il + figure of ten-cenis Eg. @ 7 {ip [sdiam* gé? sei? bout C22) z [2y [sap |¥* go* sam’ Hout catty 13) |gaur Ba° gdu? go? gau? Rout (zi2y 3) 5) b) Omission of “fat in one dollar and something Usually, a local speaker will drop the *Jat™ in the case of a single dollar amount followed by multiple ten-cent units a dat + go*al + figure of ten-cents Eg@ | jae go" cat’ $1 2) | fat go $1.20 | 3) | jae g6* b ag1z60:8H|| ® The word “bint” (hal) is used for half a dollar ($0 conts) in a multi-unit monetary expression. Key for tones: 35 st’ sf'si'si'sI® stUnit 23. Numerals 4, Asking for the price @ 0-795 RS)? how much money! PT ow much [Qe aim? maai® aa? wl Kl EP how! wo sell) PT (Answers pri = How mach ist? [Anawers a unit o¢ measurement and a price) 5, To state the price for a quantity of things Tn Cantonese, no verb-to-be is required in a positive statement telling the price. [Nu + MW.] + Price $ Things + see 1 Price $ + [Nu. + MW3 héeng’ ziu’ jat' tiu* leng* man’ & R-thk & R $3.0¢a. céang? sam’ man" (jat")* go* He eee “Note: The number “fat” can be omitted when the price Is for one item only. Practice | practice with your teacher or classmates with the following prices. Ol RcMW: gant Fh) gut #y(MW: 288) iyu? Gow: dutty 36 orn st 18 sPot' sits‘To be able to say and understand the day, date, month and year in Cantonese is a useful skill to acquire, For example “What day are you free for lunch?” or “What year were you born?” are very common questions that you may be asked. In this section you will learn the order of how to say the date in Cantonese, as well as learn how to ask some useful questions 1. Year: To state a certain year, read off the year number digit by digit and put “pint é (vear)” at the end, @ cD -138 : 2222 err Jat! 10k® ling! fing? nin* —-xOO# the year 1600 Jat" gu? séi* jatt nin* a4 the year 194] i’ gu? gau? ct’ nin* Ae the year 1997 7° ling! fing" baat mint = =OOM the year 2008 To ask for the year: ® E.g. 1) gam‘ nin* hai? gée.dot nin* aa*? 4th th $ EF? (Wha yoar is it now?) 2) nd bin’ nint |éi* Heng! Géng? gaa°? ik FR? (Which year did you come to Hong Kong?) 2. Month: Naming months is easy in Cantonese: the twelve months are referred to by their ordinal numbers, followed by the word “Jul? A (month). @C0 737 C3 =12 + jyutt a™ jat jue cat’ jyut® baal? jr* 49H = Tuesday sing’ kélt sdam' £48 =. |i? baal? sam’ t= Wednesday sing’ kei séP@ BM [di baa sé AFT sing? kéit ngs ML jae baa? ng> eR sing? Kei W0k® RAN Bi baaP WOK aksR A sing’ kéi* j BMA baar fate ES ‘To.ask for the day of wee E.g. 1) gam’ jat® hai® sting’ kéit géi? aa°? 4 a th BR ho 2 gam’ jat® hai SF baal géi? 2°? 4a tase or? (Which day of the week is it today?) 2) néi® bin’ g6? sing’ kéi* Fong? gaa? Aa®? pik Ba LP n&i bint go" lai baal? fang" gaa? aa"? iRise IRTP (Which week are you on holiday?) Word order of date indicators: In Cantonese, the order of dates is the reverse of the English format, beginning with the year and ending with the day, ‘Tho specification of a date follows the general principle: the larger unit comes before the smaller unit, ue houejat® sing? = | month date day of week For example: Friday, 31" October 2008 iI* tings ling* baat nin’ s&ip* jyut? sadam! s&p° jat' hou® sing’ kéit nde OA * +h 2+ -R BME (Practice | Say the following dates in Cantonese 16" January 25" December Sunday, I April Monday, 9" June Wednesday, 8" March, 2006 Saturday, 26" August, 2101 39Unit 2: Numerals 6. How to ask for specific dates: @cp -T40 fp gam’ nin® hal g6F (do") nin* Bae? eR RH) / ? { loiayead wf what year) i [}* gaat hai? gi? (do) jyut® Bae? Ri CS) AS FP fi thee monty WT a/ CE) R/O? today! iy whatnombe PT What day ofthe months tadoy? sing’ kéi* géi? aa*? 2 hs BH? ‘week! how many! PT Bi? géi iyut® géP hbu® 2a"? a/ i M&A ROR FP ig what month / waist number 7 0 |gam* Jat? hai géi? jyut® géi? hou? ‘sing’ kel gi? da"? i B/ / RAs HRS BM H/T? | ody is’ what month’ what umber? vbut day of week FT |= What isthe day and ate tdy? Use the calendar of this year to ask and answer the following questions in Cantonese. 1, What day of the month is it today? 2, What day of the week is it today? 3. What is today’s date? 4. What is the date of next (hia® jat' go*F — 4m) Sunday? 5. What day of the week is your birthday this year? 6. What day of the week is Christmas (sing? dan? zit ® 8 85) this year? 7. What day of the week is next New Year (san' nin‘)? 8. What year is it next year (c8ot' nin* ti =)? 40“6. Clock Time. ‘The pace in Hong Kong is fast and everybody seems busy. Hong Kong peaple make the most of their time and they both work and play hard. Offices normally open at Sum, and close at 5 or 5:30p.m., but many people work late into the evenitig. After work, some spend their leisure time playing mahjong, karaoke or sports, but many go on continuing education like learning foreign languages or musical instruments. With so many people on a busy schedule, it is useful to know how to say the time of the day in Cantonese. : 1. Hour @cp-Ta1 To say the time in hours, read off the number of the hour hand and put “dim? (dot)” at the end, Note that a more complete way of saying the time is “dim? zling's4t(0'clock: basic time unit)” but the shorter version “dim?” is the one you are more likely to hear. gau? dim? cat! dim? séP dim? Weng’ dim?* Note that for “two o'clock”, the numeral is always “Geng?” and never “T= Write and read out the following times in Cantonese, e.g, 10 o'clock = s&p* dim? rt Key for tones: st’ sisi si’ si" si?Unit 2. Numerals 2, Exact minute @cp -142 ‘The Cantonese for minate is “n'y”. ‘The format is straightforward: after saying the hour, say the number of minutes followed by “fan's”: 1-12 dim? = : 0-59 fant = Eg @ sdeng" nd (/sdeng® zau®) stip’ dim? ling* aéu? fant Here are some more examples of minute times: ror fing? jat’ fant fa 04 ling* séP fan’ |:05 IIng* ngs fan* i [10 s&p° fan’ ap [:40 séit s&p* fan’ |:50 ng* sp* fan" 59 ngé stip® gau? fan* *Note that for “1 o'clock and two minutes,” it is always “dim? tings T° fan™, and never “Y dim? ling’ eng? fan™. Read out the following times in hous and exact minutes in Cantonese. E.g. 10:15 = s8p* dim? s&p* ngf fan* 2 yfortones a stator otGlock Time 3. Hour & 5-minute unit Aconyenient and commonly used way to say the Lime is to use the 5-minute units onaclock face. After saying the hour, just follow it with numbers 1-5 or 7-11 where the minute hand is pointing to, The exception is 6 and 12, 12 is not used, since it is o'clock time, When the minute hand strikes 6, the word “bin®”, meaning “half” of the 0” clock is used. 1-5 1-12 dim?rs |: « bun? TL -g. @OD-743 ng? dim? séi* bdat® dim? Jat’ stip? Jat! dim? cat! dim? bin? Read out the following times in hours and 5-minute units in Cantonese, Bg. 8:15 = baat® dim* saam* 2:40 7:30 = 5:55 =__ 11:00 105 =. 3:37 = 4. Clock time & the time of the day @cp-ta¢ Sometimes people want to be more specific about the time of the day, so they put a specific term “sBeng® zau*t & (for A.M.)” or “haa® zau°F& (for PM)” before (not after) the clock time, Here are some more examples AM. sbeng® zu t $/ sbeng’ ng’k4 (I-11 +dim*ss) Noon zUing’ nije} 4 (12+ dim?) PML hia? zu? F $/ hae ne (1-11 + dim?3t) Midnight | n§8 78°47 (12 + dim?zey Ga, 6: & ziu' taut zou? San® zéut je° man? aw a ze {inthe morning) {in the afternoon) {in the evening) : B sts? sit st? si?Unit. 2: Numerals Read out the time of the day in Cantonese: 2:15 inthe afternoon = aan’ zau? IGeng’ dim? sfam* 6:12 in the moming = 8:30 in the evening = = 4:00 in the afternoon, 10:20 a.m. “ 9:45 p.m, - $. How to ask and tell the current time @ cD -T45, |Q: ji* gaia’ géi? do dim? zing’ a*? | JI* gat 96 do" dim? aa*? ji* gaat gd? dim? zing’ dat? 4 ga QGP dim? a2? (one shore version ts more often use R/$) MBIT? now) whittine PF = What sme i ic now? TA: jl gaa" (hB)* + o'clock. Ae hh R(t) ated | snow o'clock "Note thal the verb “hal Is unnecessary except when the speaker wants (o emphasize the cere ime, Practice with your teacher or classmates with the following times. an* zau? sam’ dim? stp* ziu' taut zou? gau? dim? sam’ s8p® sam’ fan" j8° m&an* baat’ dim? bun? haa? zau ng* dim? sap? jat" sBeng" zau° sei? dim? c&t' 18° maan® s&ip* dim? {T° s&p* baat? fan* ZUing’ ng sap* ji® dim? bun* ng® jB° s&p* jT° dim? ling’ ng* fan" = Key for tones: si’ s@ sisi" ss7. Counting Things with Measure Words |. In Cantonese, when nouns are counted or its quantity made specific, a Measure Word must be included, Different types of nouns usually have different measure words. ‘This concept may be new to some foreigners and can present some difficulties to them al the beginning, but it is wise to spend some time to grasp this fundamental concept of Chinese early on. Note: in English, some of the nouns have measure words similar to Cantonese, e.g. a bunch of grapes, a piece of string, a sheet of paper, a bowl of sugar, a cup of tea, etc 1. Measure words/Classifiers Measure words are words that express a unit of things or actions They serve to sort nouns into semantic classes of objects (indicating meaning), and is also known as ‘classifiers’, Measure words are based on distinctive features of shape, size, nature or function, ‘They may also demonstrate some kind of properties that accounts for its use with certain types of objects. Every noun in Cantonese has its own specific measure word, which should be learned together with the word. Sometimes there are nwo or more alternative measure words for the same noun, Here are some common measure words; @D-T46 » 12) |gaa® [AF [for vehicles: machines, e.g. cars, airplane. 18 [for persons; round objects; abstract things, such as questions or ideas jor upper body items of clothing, e.g. shirt, coat. for buildings; house for books; magazines most animals; ships; one of a pair lor a pair of objects, such as shoes, hands, chopsticks for streets or things that are long and nar for paper; cards; objects with a flat surface, such as chairs, tables, et G a O)[zT* [ak [for objects hat are cylindrical, righ, Jong and thin, 8. pens, cigareues 1) [DOW [AF |literally a “cup”, for the quantity of something that a cup will hold :2)|won? [oe Herally a “bowl”. for quantity of something that a bow! will id 13)[dTp® [ak |liceralty a “plate”, for quantity of something that a plate will hold i2)|gdin® |i |tieratty a “can”, for quaniity of something that a can will hold 15)}fan®_|# [for objects in a ser, such as documents, newspapers; a sandwich or a job Keyfortones: 45 st si si’ si" st siIc nit -Nomerals 2, Number of objects 6 A measure word (MW) helps describe the quantity and quality (such as distinctive features of shape, natural kind and function) of a noun in counting, A number alone usually cannot function enough as an attributive and must be combined with a measure word inserted between the cardinal number and the noun it modifies, | Numeral+ Measure Word + Noun/Nominal phrase For example: @ 00-147 Jat g6* jan* A ‘one person Jat" gaa? 08" RE one vehicle jat’ gin® séam* ae one piece of clothing Jat’ g@an* fang? me ‘one room jat? bin? syut ae one book jat' 26le gau* -a&h one dog Jat! dao? haai* ‘one pair of shoes jat' due fo" Jat’ zBeng' zi? jatt 27? bat’ Jat! bait zu? Jat’ wan? fean® ‘one (pair of) trousers cone sheet of paper one pen one glass (cup) of wine one bow! of rice Jat" dip® coi® one plate of vegetabies jat* gin? hd? 15k* ‘one can of coke iat’ fn® sZam' mané 27° one sandwich ‘The measure word “gO*™a” is the commonest and most neutral in Cantonese. It is used with all noun words denoting people as well as individual jtems which do not call for a specific measure word. Thus abstract nouns, which refer to non-conerete entities lacking physical features, generally take “gO*4A” as their measure word. If there is any doubt about what specific measure word to use for a noun, it is usually safe to use “goa” (you may be corrected if you are obviously wrong). ‘Counting things in twos Both “f7°=" and “Beng?” mean “two”. When the number “two” is used before a measure word (or before a noun), “Kéeng® i” is normally used instead of “7° =", as in “ISeng’ go? jan‘ yd A” (two persons). But with numbers larger than ten (12, 20, 22, 32 ete,), “fF°.=" is used always, as in “S&p* 7° go* jan += AY (owelve persons) Key for tx si’ si*si'st st” si‘Counting Things with Measure Words ‘Try to figure out what measure words should be used for the following items and count them with the given numbers. kaat? céat jant A sadam! mant 21° 2 338 3 4t Seater iUnit Three . Arrival Lesson 1, Greeting at the airport Lesson 2. You are here Lesson 3. Accommodation & check-in Lesson 4. Money exchangeHong Kong people, Zity-Zing Wong, © & By “| a university student, the one assigned to look after Amyin HK Ary Smith, American, ‘an exchange student from U.S, a newcomer in HK, a friond of Siv-Ping Chan descent, a lawyer, the boyfriend of Siu Ping Chart ‘Tony Lee, British of Chinese oo] Sie Big Ofan, RDP, Chinese, Amy's friend, a doctor of Chinese medicine 50 Other characters: a taxy driver, «receptionist, a cashier, a salesperson, «passer-byBe. Any Smith, M&i Gwok jan, Méi Gwok sn léi ge ‘gaau win hdk sang, Sfu-Ping gé pang ja Zing-Zing Wong, EBM Wong Zing-Zing, Heng Ging jan. daa hdk saang, {zak Zip ddi_Any 4 “| Sie-Ping Chan, AUb-®, Waa jBoi Jing Gwok jan, | Gan Siu-Ping, Bot st, Siu-Ping gé Zing Gwok jan, zOng jf, ndam péng ju Any G8 pang ju kéi ta jan mat shied: dik sf sT g&i 4h + 2 i Zip dBi jyun AF ‘su ngan jyun aan 3 sau fo jyun @ #4 Wu Jan A Sep Sarton: st'si* si’ si* si" st”Lesson.) Lesson 1 Greeting at the To say “Helio” & “Welcome” To indicate possession with “ge” ‘To address people with title ‘To introduce oneself or someone using the verb “hal” ‘To give one's name using the verb “giu" ‘To suggest how you prefer to be addressed Dialogue | @co-r48 Anty, an exchange student from the U.S., greets Zing-Zing, her “buddy"® from the University of Hong Kong, at the airport Amy: Zing-Zing: Zing-Zing: nai héu, in jing nai k et ndi hdu, ngd hai Amy Smith, + HR Amy Smith fe et n&i héu. ngd hBi Hoeng Gong Daai Hk gé hdk s&ang. ae: Re F wh AK BM RB ee (Hello! Tam a student of the University of Hong Kong.) ng6 giu Wéng Zing-Ztng. xR w EF fh & > (ity name is Zing-Zing Wong.) fan jing n&i, smite siu zé BM + Smith ON Be (Welcome, Miss Smith.) Wang sfu 26, giu ngd amy laa. Eh Hh WR Amy Ht (iss Wong, just call me “Aray"!) gam, néi giu ngé Zing-Zing laa! a 3 B&R tt (Well, then, you can coll me "Zing-Zing"!) © The one assigaed to lock after someone new to the place. 52 st sf si’ si' si stngd & Tote that no case distinction for personal ime Drones in Cantonese.) ni aR | you (sings) Note that some people in Hong Kong will say instead of “né?”.] ; him; she; her; it | [There is no gentler distinction berween he, she or iin Cantonese} good; well; fine; okay (lit. you good) Hello, Hi, Good day. [Note that no verb-to-be is needed in a ‘general adjectival predicate sentence.) fo. [nal ‘be (is, am, are; was, were) + [used for all cases, numbers, tenses, etc} Or + HBL +m) [Note that no conjugation for the verb in Cantonese] “7. |HGeng Gong Daai Hk PN: |The, University of Hong Kong® | | eas (* Géng Daal is used for the abbreviation.) ge | Ta sactural particle wsed to ndleate (i) + g8 40) possession, similar to 's in English] i 9. |hOk sang students) 1 cee s Be i— ——— 10. |giu 4 | to be called, named; known as; (y+ giu +m) (also “git z5u °4 #8); to call TIL {Weng Zing-Zing =. “TPN: | fafemale Chinese name] acces . eal etal “WOng" is the sumame and “Zing-Zing” is the given name [Note that Chinese surname | always comes before Chinese given name.) 12. /fanjing ie welcome [can be used repeatedly for | showing courtesy t customers or visitor) ‘Miss; young lady {fa modal particle used athe end of sentence ‘with the sense of request, suggestion or invitation.) $0, wall fpreceor a sence andes to fill a pause or transition) 531. ‘To say “Hello” & “Welcome” a) To greet someone ‘Your greetings: ® eg. néi hou, 5. néinéu. (Hello, Good day!) (Bello. Good day!) e - 2. ni d&i hou, Person moun + hdw. {Hello everybody.) Personal pronouns: ngd néi koi b) ‘To welcome someone e.g. fn jing n&i. (Welcome (you) !) fan Jing + Personal pronoun, ni d8i (you —plaral) yi (him; her) 2. To indicate possession with “ge” 4.ngSg& (mys mine) 2. ndi ge (your; yours) 3. kBoi ge _(his; hers hers) Possessor + gé e.g. Héeng Géng Daal Hk a8 hdk sang tden ofthe University of Hong Kons) | Possessor a + — Possessed eaiter) (Hecaword) 4. ni (you) 1. Wu si (teacher) 2. ngd a) 2. hk sang — (student) 3,hok hau — (school) 3. kéoi (he; she) 4. pang jau (friend) {you ~ pl.)3. To address people with title eg. Wong sfu 26 (Miss Wong) Y Fullname ¥ Surname (Chan, Chen) (Lee, Li} (Cheung, Chang) (Wong) 4. Wu st ; 2. sin sdang (or sang) 3. sfu zé 4. taai thai (or taal) Lesson 1 4, To introduce oneself or someone using the verb “hai” ae ees ea eee Noun; ngé hai Amy Smith. (am Amy Sraith) {to be) nngd hai Héeng Géng Daai Hok gé hdk sdang,. {Tam a student of the University of Hong Kong.) 1.ngé w 2. néi (you) 3. kéoi (hie; she) 4. Can sdang (Mr. Chan) Personal pronoun Name, hai + a Il name cupation | Satu | (Zing-Zing Wong) (teacher) (foreign student) (my teacher) "our examples) (full name) gé sou sT. Key for tones: si’ sisi sisi st? 35Lesson t 5, To give one’s name using “giu” e.g. ngd giu Wong Zing-Ztng. (I mcalled Zing-Zing.) (My name ix Zing-Zing.) ¥ Fullname Personal pronoun + giu + ~ Givenname ¥ Surname w 4.ngd a 4. Wong Zing-Zing 2, kEot {she) 2. Amy 3. ngd gé lu st (my reacher) 3. Can sdiang (Mr. Chan) seb toh ue OMP EI) a8 6. ‘To suggest how you prefer to be addressed eg. Wong sfu 26, giu_ngd amy laa! (Miss Wong, just call me "Amy"!) eg2. néiglu nod ZTng-Zing [Bat (You can call me “Zing-Zing"!) (n&i)giungS + Name + laa! 41, Zau lust (Teacher Chow) am ‘Wong siuzé (Miss Wong) 3. 8a aa soe (Sir) 4.mitst (Miss) “Your example(sk ~ (néi) giu ngd lal (a name you prefer to be addressed)Lesson ‘Hong Kong means many different things to many people. ‘To help you make the most of your trip or stay, you can check out the following Web sites to meet your needs: www honukongairpor Bh evens ‘Transportation modes at Arrivals Hall - J) Chinese family name first A personal name in Chinese consists of two parts, the surname “sing #2” and the given name “ming 4". ‘The sumame comes first, followed by the given name. Family name Given name (-2syllubles) | (1-2 syllables, any combination of Chinese characters) Dang 3 Sfu-Ping -b-F (Deng Xiaoping®) Lei = Sfu-Liing M8 (Bruce Lee) ® Deng Xiaoping (1904-1997) ‘Chinese Communist leader. China's most powerful figure from the late 1970s unit his death in 1997, In the 1950s he became a vice-premier of the People's Republic and general secretary ofthe Chinese ‘Communist Party (CCP). He was twice purges irom the Communist Party (1967 snd 1976) end twice restored (1973 and 1977) before gaining supreme power in China, He officially otved as hesd of state in November 1989. (Source: Eneyctopaedia Britannica, 2007) © Bruce Lee (1940-1973) AChinese American martel-eat practitioner, philosopher, instructor, and martial-art ctor widely reganied 45 one of the most infveatial marial artists ofthe oventieth century, He was named TIME Magarine’s 100 Most Important People ofthe Century es one of the greatest heroes & icons. (sikipedia, the fiee encyclopedia, 2007) Key for tones st" sisi’ sit st 7Lesson 2) One-syllable & two-syllable family names Most Chinese surnames have one character (but there are also some surnames with two characters). Examples: (Chan, Chen A Can { 2 = 3 Zeng # [Cheimg, Ce 8 | [B- Mia 5 Ma | ‘4. Wong 3/7 = [Wong eel pp Si-Teu ae call 5 Hea fio os | [i0-Atsieeng ae “fripeina al seats aH Sees area eee i Ei ae J 3) Given name a) Most Chinese given names have two characters, but there are also some given names with a single character only. b) Many Chinese like to use english names in addition to their Chinese names nowadays. They can be given at birth by parents or chosen by themselves when. older. c.g. Donald Yam-kuen Tsang ( # 248 Zang Jam-KYun) (ihe Chief Executive ef HKSAR, 2007 ) 4) English translation of Chinese names 4) In mainland China, generally people use Han-Yu Pinyin to represent their name, e.g. Dang Xiaoping (8f-J+ f+ Dang Siu-Ping). b) Tn Hong Kong, a non-standard transcription of Cantonese is used and is now Widely accepted, e.g, the first Chief Executive of HKSAR, Mr. Tung Chee Hwa (£38 4 Ding Gin-waa). ©) Overseas Chinese also use a non-standard transcription of Chinese, sometimes based on their resident country’s language or dialect. ‘That's why sometimes you ‘will see some Chinese people who have the same surname in Chinese character, but different in English transcription. Examples: Kg» for tones st" sf sf SF si si?1. ‘Translate the following into Cantonese. 1) student 2) The University of Hong Kong (HKU)__ 3). student of HKU 4) Lam a student of HKU, 5) good essesSeeseeessscbecesywseeeerseeeeece 6) Hello 7) tobe called ( + name) 8) I'm called Amy. (My name is Amy) 9) Welcome! 10)Call me Amy! 2. Complete the following dialogue. Teacher: ng hai Gwong Ding Waa fo cina/course) gé bu ST You: ngd hai Gwong Ding Waa focing g@_ ‘Heacher: ndi hou. ngd hai Zau [du sT. You; nb ngd hai See (full name). ‘Teacher: fin jing néi. n&i giu ngd “Zau soe” lal You: Z4u sde. gam, néigiu ngd___ Bette we ie Hh fan jing gwong [am (Welcome for coming.) PP noeLesson 2 Lesson 2 You are here 1. To form plural personal pronouns with “d8i” 2. To indicate “here”, “there” and “where” 3. To ask and tell where one goes using the verb “héoi” To ask and tell whereabouts using the verb“hai” Zing-Zing rakes Amy to the University by ta Driver: héol bin ddu aa? x £ (Where do you want t0 go?/® Zing-Zing: th g6i, héoi Hdeng Géng Daai Hk (ode) ER £ SF B K H (The University of Hong Kong, please.) Amy: Zing-: Ing. Hoeng Géng D&ai Hdk hai bin dbu aa? (10 11) hm ek 8 Bm ee (Zing-Zing, where ts i University of Hong Kong?) Zing-Zing: hai HSeng Géng Déu. (pointing atthe OE map) (it's in Hong Kong Island.) nT dbu hai Hoeng Gong Gwok Zai Gai Coeng, RE Rk & % mM mR R B- (Heres the Hong Kong International Airport nT d6u hai Gdu Lung, ni dou hai Héeng Géng Déu, eek A BR RK F BB (This is Kowloon and thy is Hong Kong Island.) g6 ddu hai Zang Gwok daai Ik. a oe + Bo ok it (Over there is mainland China.) Army: ngd déi ji gaa hai bTn ddu aa? 2 * i x kk ww? (Where are we now?) Zing-Zing: —-ngé dBi j} gaa hai ni dou. (pointing athe TOM ME map) (We are here now.) © ‘This isthe intended meaning in this situation, The Titeral meaning is “Where are you going?” 0Lesson 2 ¥ me Shenzhen Map of the Hong Kong Special fldministrative Region Hdeng Gong Dak Bit Hang Zing Kéoi d&i tou & 8 8 WD wo wm B ew ‘You are here! ndi hai ni doul te oth 9% RL Key for ton o sisi sit1. [noi & (+ Pluce/ Purpose) (Ve [on dou i 3, |Ba? °F? (Questim + 8a? ) 4. | gol eRe hai “fh (+ Place) (in L2) please (to requen sb. todo sth] go where [an imerrogative particle commonly used at the ‘end of a question to express an inquiry) 8. ]Hoeng Gong Dou #25 & to be at/in/on (a place) nt dou 2 here 96 dbu aa there; over there Hong Kong Island 9. |Gwok Zai BRE 10. |gBicoeng Mam 11, | Géu Ling 8% 12. |Zing Gwok Bl 116. (ji gaa ms \ 62 14, | Zing Gwok dai lok PN: || Pal AR 15. | ng dei Aik the Chinese mainland; mainland China Key for si ssi sis!" stLesson, 2 1. To form plural personal pronouns (we, us) Personal pronoun + 81 |-——+} 9. ni dai (you — plural) ———__— 3. koi dBi (they, them) e.g. 1. ngd dai j} gaa hai bin ddu da? (Where are we now?) e.g.2. n&i d&i héoi bin déu aa? (Where are you going?) 8.3. kéoi d&i hl ng’ 96 pang jau. (They are my friends.) 2. To indicate “here”, “there” & “where” Specified prefix + ddu 1.nt dou (here) (nT/ 96 / bin) 2. 96 dou (there) 3. bin dSu (where) eg. 1. ni déu hai Gau Ling. (Here is Kowloon.) eg.2. 96 dou hai Zing Gwok dial Idk. (Chere ts Mainland China) eg.3. ngé dai j! gaa hai bin dou (Where are we now?) aa? “Your exumple(s) nt ddu hai Soxioomg 8 st’ sf gl si" si* e1®Lesson 2 3. Toask and tell where one goes - Taking a taxi a) Ask where to go eg. héoi bin dou aa? (Where do you wart to go?) (ni) + héoi + binddu + aa? (Question word) b) Tell destination eg. thi, héoi Hdeng Géng Diai Hok. (Please g0 1 the University of Hong Kong.) th g@i, héoi. + Place (Destination) Cee 1 (airport) 2. Zang Waan (Central) 3. Gau Ling Z4u Dim = (Kowloon Hotel) 4 (here) (show the address) 4, To ask and tell whereabouts 2) Ask whereabouts jeng Gong Zau Dim (Hong Kong Hotel) je gwok ga (your country) (washroom) (exit) (Teacher Chan} “Your example(sy ibin dou ga 64Lesson 2 b) Tell whereabouts e.g. (H6eng Géng Daal Hok) hdi Heng Géng Déu. (HRU is in Hong Kong Island.) Subjec/Topic + hai + eee 4. Zlng Man Daal Hok = (CUHK) 2. kSol gé gwok gaa (his country) 3. ngd gé Ok két (my home) 4, séi sau gaan (washroom) 5. Can Bu st (Teacher Chan) 4, Sn Gaal (New Territories) 2.Aa Zou (Asia) 3. Zim Sa Zéoi_ (Tsim Sha Tsui) ngd gé gwok gaa hai ngé gé daai hk hai 196. g@.ik Kéi Nai, 65hai bin du aa? a 1, g&i cdeng faal sin #25 Hee (Airport Express) ai 2. cyun sd baa sf Feet (shuttle bus) gai cdeng baa si me (airbus) dik sf aye (taxi) ® Lor more information about to and from the HK Airport, please zo to , & Keptecpes st’ si* sisi" si" si sate |Lesson.2 | Sdeng Waan ER ‘Sheung Wan 2. Zing Waan PR Central 3 1 Gam Zing BAR ‘Admiralty | 4 |Wean zai BE Wan Chai | 15. [Tung loWaani | Causeway Bay | Causeway Bay Tong LO Waan 247 Tsim Sha Tsui ‘Hung Hom Yau Ma Tei Keviguigness ¢ 6 si si? a? si" sl? si?1. Answer the question and point out your answer. Q: ni gé gwok gaa héi bin dbu aa? “Ar hdl ni dBu, (Please pin it out) NGD ge gwok ga hi ____— 2, Ask-whereabouts of places indicated by O©OOGOO®. Q: Place + hai bin du aa? Bot hu ge [ting c& odeng |e 2% ‘séi su gan jst zéau wtin dim Sy RRR | feai can dim f & 6 Lopes, si’ sisi si st” si‘Lesson 2 3. Translate the following into Cantonese, 1) here 2) there 3) where 4) Where is HKU? 5) Where are you going? 6) Please go to the aicport. 7) Here is Hong Kong. 8) There is Mainland China. 9) Kowloon 10) New Territories 4. Matching the Cantonese with the English. 1) gd dai cy a you 2) néi dBi cay Db. they 3) kéoi d&i Gay co we 4) ji gaa Cy 4. Kowloon 5) dai hk () fe. Hong Kong Island 6) gwok zai (Ge) f. New Territories 7) Hdeng Gong Dou () g now 8) G4u Lung Gay tobe 9) Sn Gaai ( ) i go 10) héoi ie j. tobeat 1) hi () k. international 12) hai Ca) 1 university Key for tones 6 st’ sf sf si* si* sfLesson 3 Accommodation & check in To ask about numbers (also see Unit 2 Section 1) ‘To ask and tell where one lives ‘To tell where an event takes place “To use an adjective as a comment (Adjectival Predicate) ‘To tell what one wants using “s6eng jiu”, To form an imperative sentence of suggestion with “lia” Zing-Zing takes Amy to check-in at the hostel for foreign students. Zing-Zing: Amy: Zing-Zing: ®@ev-152 Amy, néizyu hai bin dou aa? Amys te fe Wh BO? (Ary, where do you tive?) ngd zyu hai lau hdk sdang sik sé. Bo fe 8B ew ow {I live inthe hostel for foreign students.) si géi, mh gdi néi hai cin min ting cé faa! oO ie Om (Driver, please stop ahead.) Amy, ni dou hai {au hdk sdang sOk sé laa. am, EO ee (Sr here athe hose for foreign students.) Aumy: (exclaims nT ddu hou léng Ba! (then speaks to hostel’s receptionist) when seeing the WE BE SF RO! Ihostl's reception (It's very nive here!) area) Receptionist: Amy: Receptionist: 0 fh gol, ngd hai sn I8i gd lau hdk saang. ERR & 3 Re Se &- (Excuse me. I'm a newly arrived foreign student.) ngd giu Amy Smith. ngd sdeng jiu ngd gé fong gé sé si. BR ol smysuh ® SB RO we OM i Me (am Aony Smith, Td like to have te key to my room.) n&i gé fong géi dé hdu aa? &* RB R SR UP (What number is your room?) it hdu. Be saam j (Number 321.) héu ak. n&i hai nT dou cm méng Ida! a a a (Okay, please sign here.) Aer terpes, si sf? si si" eI” si1 fe | 2. [hai oh (+ Place + Verb) ina 3. |i hk stiang waa : | foreign student \ 4. |sukse ee IN: | hostel; dormitory; living quarters a (also pronounced as “sk 2”) 4d 5. [st g8i aa N: dtiver whic operator (by profession 6 janmin %m "|i front; ahead fe eae ee Beasueaueseaety 7. {ting o& oe to stop (ke a car, a train) | 8. ida af Ta modal particle used to emphasive a point of current relevance) 9, | hou ¥ (+ Adjective (c.g. héu hou: very good ) 10. |leng beautiful; good-looking; good quality 11. {8a % (Statement + Ba.) |Part: | lamodal particle wed to vofien the tone ofa -confirmanton in in at statement } 12. |M gi Hie SE: | GaL3) excuse me fro draw sb’ attersiom — | ssuaity when one inquires sth} 13.|s8n $4 Adj: new 14. | 18h ott < (Sige areRe, 16. | sdeng 8 (Yerba pase) room to sign; signature noo Leswon3 ‘Sentence Structure 1. Toask about numbers (also see Unit 2 Section 1) eg, ni gé fong gi do hdu aa? (hak number 8 your room?) _—_————— Topig (hai) + géidd hou + 4. ni gé ban ging sat (your office) 2. néi gé din waa (hou maa) (your telephone number) 3. néi gé san fan zing (your ID card) 2, To ask and tell where one lives eg. i. néizjuhdlbin doy aa? (ere do you live?) eg.2. ngd z¥u hal lau hok saang sik 98. (U lve ta the hostel for forelgn students) + hai + bindu + ae? | —— - Place } 1. ngd gé pang jau (my friend) 2. Can lou si (Teacher Chan) 3. Koi he; she) “4, dBai hdk sUk sé (university's hostel) 2. Zing Waan (Central) 3. Heng Géng Zau Dim (Hong Kong Hotel) Your example(s: i ngé zyu hai 7 : : si’ ai s¥° si3. 4, Lesson 3 To tell where an event takes place eg. 1. Mh gi néi hi cin min ting o@ taal (Please stop at the front.) eg.2. néi hai nT dou cim méng faa! (Please sign here.) Subject + [hai+ Place] + Verb/Verbal phrase 4. dai hok (university) iE (to study) 2. ziing hok (secondary school) u a (io work) B.cdanténg — (restaurant) 1. Stk fii (to have a meal) 4.tdu syu gin (library) . fan ga (to sleep) ‘Your ee sk gd hdi ngé hai __ To use an adjective as a comment (Adjecrival predicate with no verb) eg. ni ddu hou Iéng da! (ts vers nice here!) SublecyTopic + hous + Adjective (+ da) (Adverb of degres) Preecate) *An adjectival predicate without any adverb ty front oft usually conveys avelatve sense 4. Zang Gwok (China) (big) 2. Hoeng Géng (Hong Kong) i (small) 3, lau hk sang sOk s& (hostel for foreign students) 7 (old) 4, ni gé fang (your roora) i (new) 5. ngd gé lou st (my teacher) . (good) — si’ si sf st" ST? siLesson2 5, To tell what one wants using “g6eng jiu” e.g. ngd sdeng fiu ngd gé tong ge s6 si. (Fd Ike (0 have the Key t0 my room.) Subject + s6eng jiu + Noun. (things that ore wants 1 hae) 4 a 1. séi su gaan ge (the key to the 1.ngd 2. kBol (he; she) a sash) 3. k6ol dai (they) 3 cla (fork) 4. ngd gé pang ju (my friend) 4, dBi tou (map) ‘Your exampla(se ng’ séeng jiu 6. To form an imperative sentence of suggestion with “Ida” e.g. 1. fh gi néi héi cin min ting 6 lal (Please stop ahead.) eg.2. n@i hai nt dou cfm méng faa! {Please sign here.) jerbal phrase faa! 4. fp 18 (come in) 2.03 (sit) 3. jam cda (have some tea) 4. git Amy {call me Amy) | ‘Your example(s) Mh goi néiLesson 3 Q: n&i zju hai bin dou aa? Az ngé zu hai i. zau dim 38% (hotel) y . Bol dim a& 5 Hoi sé. ha (hostel) ban gin #42 (guesthouse) » cing nin iol sé RERE (youth hostels) dou gaa tk RR (holiday flats) 6. dng wai jju sé Hin HG (bedspace apartments)1. | bathroom 2. | washroom; toilet 3. | kitchen Tiving room bedroom jOk sat cling loeng féng sik “| fan téng uk ci sé MAT si sau gaan i Mi; cyu fong, cdoi fong BL haak tng Fe double room; room for two j 8. | single room sdeng jan fong RAK ddan jan fong HAR study room syu tong #8; ‘ut dik sat pyss Zz 10. | store room window-ledge 13. | corridor | 14. | front door /15. | back door 116. (lif elevator — 12, | balcony eaeeeaaaaeal Beng t6i [zéu long Ak cin man aF4 [hau min Bri ZBap mat fong #5 re ‘Sing ging gai Jak: [ip din Ul EAB also means escalator) 117. | staircase 18. | garbage room Tu tai a “lap sdap fong mas ic [tawny room sai ji fongLesson 3 ‘Translate the following into Cantonese, 1) Where do you live? 2) What number is your room? 3) I'd like to have the key to the washroom, 4) Please sign here! 5) I want to have your signature, 6) Please stop heret 7) Pmanewly arrived foreign student, 8) Live in the Hong Kong International Hotel, Match the Cantonese with the pictures, 1) lau hOk sBang(—) 2)zaudim( ) 3)cimméng(—) 4)siksé( ) 5)sdsi( ) 6)sT g8i() nLesson Lesson 4 Money exchange To indicate possession with the verb “ju” & “mu” To connect two items witb “tling (and)” ‘To express one's wish or desire to do something using “s6eng” To do money exchange (also see Unit2 Section 4} we ere ‘To ask “how much” or “how many” @cp—154 Zing-Zing and Amy chat in the room. Zing-Zing: Amy, n8i ju mdu Géng Bai aa? a 7 & % mF have you gat any Hong Kong dollars?) Aimy: méu da. ngd mou Géng Bai. 7 oF Ro mw (No, t haven't got any Hong Kong dollars.) ngd zing hai jéu M&i Gam tung séon jing kaat. 2 6 Ke HR & A ff me {Lonly have US dollars and a credit card.) ngd séeng win jat dT Géng Bai, 2 ff — wh Mm UU woud lke to change for some Hong Kong dollars.) Zing-Zing: n&i séeng win géi dé cin da? x. 8 & & SB {How much would you like to change?) i Amy: Jat baak man M&i Gam. a hk R & (One hundred US dollars. } Zing-Zing: mou man tai. ngd jau. a Mm Bm (No problem. Ihave it.) naa, ni dou cat baak baat sap man Gong Bai. | 2) Bt HR A + ee we | (Here's seven hundreds and eighty Hong Kong dollars.°) | Amy: th goi. | 5B (Thank you.) © ‘The Hong Kong dollar is pegged to the US dollar at about USSL=HKS78, 78 Key for tones st sf si sts st@co-155 to have, to possess have not, not to have (the negation of “jau”) Have you got...? Do you have. Hong Kong dollars; Hong Kong currency {also “Géng Jyun 3% 7") 2 MéiGam &4& Adv: PN: only {US dollars | {also “MB Syun 3656") ting Fl (wt ting+M) “oni: {and séon jing kéat (Bs N: {creditcard a 9. [win i y, |tochange;exchange; convert (currency) 10. |jatdT —ay Nu: |some a = (can be shortened as “di) cin 8 12, |géidocin MSs 13. |baak & money ‘how much (money) (can be shortened as “g6i cin eat") man s& (vu + man) dollars (a measure wnt for money? ‘question; problem; trouble 16. [mdu mn tai # HAR [no problem V7. [nda | Go Lay Here it an indicator ef things within «close proximity) | 4 18. | th gol Bax Mint) thank you [por asmalt favor 91. To indicate possession with the verb “jau" & “mu” a) To possess eg. ngd zing hai jau M8i Gin. (only hase US dollars) ubject + fu + — Obja (Possessor} (have) (Possessed) 1 4.ngd dal ve) 2.Zing-Zing (Zing-Zing) 3. Amy (Amy) 1.86st (key) 2. Ging Bai (HK dollars) 3. séon jling kat (credit card) 1b) Negation of “ju” (not have - “mdu”) eg. ngd Gong Bai. (haven't got ony Hong Kong dollars) Subject + mdu + Object. (Possessor) (not have) (Possessed) 1. kBol the; she) 2. Wong siuzé (Miss Wong) 1.cin (money) 2. ndam pang ju (boyfriend) 3. noi pang jau (girlfriend) 4. san fan zing — (1.D. card) 3. L&i sin sdang = (Mr: Lee) 4. Any (Any) ©) To ask “Have you got...2” or “Do you hay eg. néi ju mu Gong Bai aa? (Hare vou got amy Hore Kona, dollars?) [ Subject + jBumbu + Object + aa? (have-not-have) 4.n8i ou) 2.kgoi he; she) 4, san fan zing (1D. card) 2, pang jau (friend) 3. kBol d8i (they) 3. sdu tai din waa (mobile phone)Lesson 2, Te connect two items “A and BY e.g. ng& zing hai jéu M&i Gam tling séon jUng kaat. (only have US dolars and a credit cand) Noun; + ting + Nouns 4 ie. 1. M&i Gam (US dollar) 1. Gong Bai (HK dottar) 2.cin (money) 2, d8itbu (map) B.gaafe — (coffee) 3, cda (tea) “your example(sr ng jau 3. To express one’s wish or desire to do something, eg. 1. ng& sdeng win jat dT Géng Bai. (I would lke to change for some Hong Kong dollars.) eg.2. ngd sdeng jiu ngd gé fong gé sé si. (Lvoula like to have the key 10 my room.) Subject + séeng + Verbal phrase. 4 (sth that you want to da) 4.ngd gé baa baa — (my father) 2.ngdgéemaamaa (my mother) 3. kéoi déi (they) 4. ngd (D 1. héoi Zting Gwok (to go to China) 2. Ie HOeng Gong (to. come to Hong Kong) 3. zyu zau dim (to live in a hotel) 4. jiu sai séu gan gé s6s} (to have the key to the washroom) “Your example(s: ngd séeng 8haR Lesson 4 4, To do money exchange eg. ngé sdeng wiin jat di Géng Bai. (Trwould like to change for some Hong Kong dollars.) sees mgdi + ngd + sdeng + win + Quantic + Cuprenc: | é 4, jt bak man (100 dollars) i (2,000 dollars) 3. sam méan man (30,000 dollars) 4. Jing Bong (British Pound Sterling) 2.AgJyun (Euro) 3. Jat Uyun (Japanese Yen) “Your example(s)t ngdséeng won 5. Toask “how much” or “how many” eg. 1. n&i s6eng wtin géidd cin aa? (How much would you like ta change?) Gi d5 cin aa? — (How much (money)?) 1.9 2. gid jan aa? ~~ (How many people?) 3. géi dd sdoi aa? (How many years old?) eg.2. néi jiu géidd ofn aa? (How much mone do you have?) Hoeng Géng jau 96] do jan aa? (Uow many people are therein Hong Kong?) eg.4, Weng Zing-Zing g6i d6 séoi 2a? (How.oldis Zing-Zing Wor?) _.p&l soeng win g@i.dd cin aa? 82 fortones: ot si? si' sf st” stLesson 1) Hong Kong Currency Legal tender is the Hong Kong dollar (HK$). ‘There are 100 cents in u dollar. Coins, issued by the government, are bronze-coloured for 10 cents, 20 cents and 50. cents; silver-coloured for HKS1, HK$2, and HKS$5; nickel and bronze for HKS10, Notes issued by HSBC and Standard Chartered Bank have denominations of HKS10, HK$20, HKS50, HK$100, HK§500, and HK$1,000, The Bank of China issues all of the denominations except HK$10. (Source: Hong Kong Tourism Board, 2006) a) Coins in circulation (coins: séan ngan #442; ngaang bai mk Hf) feains not shown to scale) Jat man lSeng main st ng man Ht ‘sp man at b) Banknotes in circulation (banknotes: z{ bai 4,4) $10 = sap man +4 $20 = jisapman =+at $80 = n§ sip man x +at $100 = jat baak man —S3t $800 = ng baak man Bw St $1000 = jatcinman —+3e Key 1or tones: 3 St sf ai’ sit sf* si?Lesson 4 2) Other currencies — [aT Méi Gaim ak de MB yun United Stace Dotiars 2 Gia Syun sor Canadian Dollars (CAD) Cans ADLS &B / ADJjun A ros (EUR) € 3 [4 | ding Bong / JTng Bong 33% British Pou ye Soi ST Faat Long shbik #8 Swiss Francs Oudyun BH Australian Dollars (AUD) A$ jz. [Nau Jjun tae [New Zatond Datars | (NAD) NZS a 3._ | Jat jun a "| epanese Ye lary) ¥ 9. South Korean Won | (WON) W [i0. {§ ‘Singapore Dollars (sap) ss 11 4 a (THB) Bht or Bt 72, | Jan Man Bai AR ® (CNY) RMB) 13, | San Tél Bai 6% Twp) a? cim zing (visa) séon jling kaat fa Ree (credit card) su tai din waa $48 ie (mobile phone) [ Hdeng Géng sn fan zing #49 ut (KID card) baat daat tar Asi (Octopus card) (money) ing kaat cin 4 84 gions, softer erLesson4 1. Write the following prices in Arabi numerals. eg, jat baak man $100 1) sp baat man 2) jf sp jv man 3) ng sp n§ man 4) jf baak cat sap man 5) séi baak ng s&p lok man 6) baat baak gdu s&p Ik man _ 7) ng how 8) eng man 2. Use the given words and “ju mu” to form a question first and then give a ositive and negative answer to each question, eg. Géng Bai Q néi ju mou Géng Bai aa? Ayes) ju, nod ju Gong Bai. A(no}: méu, ng mbu Gong Bai. 1) cin @: A (yes) A (no): 2) séon jing kéat PE eee ee ee ee ee ee a aE a eS ee a ee ae ae eee ee eee ee ee ee A es): A (no): _ 3) san fan zing a ‘Key for tones: 85 si" sf sisi" s1° st”Lesson 4 3. 86 ‘Translate the following into Cantonese. 1) Do youhave a boyfriend? 2) Lonly have one hundred Hong Kong dollars. 3) He would like to have a Hong Kong ID card. 4) How much US dollars would you like to change? 5) Here’re two hundred and fifty dollars. 6) Mr, Chan and Miss Wong are my teachers. 8) My friend wants to come to Hong Kong.Unit Four Personal Information Lesson 5. Self-introduction Lesson 6. Getting to know a new friend Lesson 7. My Chinese friend Lesson 8. Chatting with a friendLesson 5 Self-introduction To talk about one’s family (Intimate possession) ‘To know how to use Measure Words (aiso see Unit 2 section 7) wen ‘To tell one’s nationality To tell one’s age (Nominal Predicate) To tell one’s major/subject of study ‘To tell one’s hobbies saws To ask “what” or “what kind of” using “mat j8” daal gda héu, ng givamy. 8 h&i M&i Gwok jan. kK HR Ways RR KR HM Ae (iletlo, Tam Aray.1.am American. ) nae gam nin ji s&p s@oi, ngé jdu Iéeng gd hing dai zi mui. ® eit Be Re BB RH eS {dem owenty years od this year Ihave two brothers and sisters) ngd gd gd hai Nau Joek zéu jé. ngd z8 26 hai Baa Lai dUk syu R EER De 8 th F- RA RE R ht B- (ay elder brother ts working in New York. My elder sister ie studying in Pais.) ngd j} gaa hai Hdeng Géng Daai Hok 9 gaau win hdk sdang, Rie &§ f #2 kK BR RK H Bo ee {am a exchange student inthe University of Hong Kong now:) ngd hai daai hOk dik gdau juk. 2 WK FR Mm A: {&y malor at university is education.) ng& zyu hai gwok zai lau hdk séang stk sé 2 & & @ Me F & Be (ive in he hostel for international foreign students.) ng® gé hing céoi hai 1éoi hang ting téng jam ng 2 Fn 8 Re fF FA HF R: (My hobbies are traveling and listening to music.) db ze. & ie (Thank you) a8 tones: sit ssi? si" sisi”@cp-157 ‘déai gaa AR (2. (MBI GWOk 8 Jana Mai Gwak jan kal ‘gam nin 4% 6. | s60l & (Nut sé0i ) 7. (96 ta Coos jat 99 jan) Weng C+ Mw +N) hing d&i zi mul wash © Gta. + 98+ hing oa 21 mb) ). 98.95 FF IL. | 2876 4038, . N&u Joek a6 3. Baa Lai AR 1M, 28uj8 csr 15.-d0k sy a 16. gaauwin Zi “OK 8 (+ Object) 18. gaau juk a 19. hing ceo a 20. ol hang sr . téng 22. Kam ngdk 4 Ore SH Key fgrtgnes st’ sisi’ si" st si” Phi: things in bv0s} ‘elder brother _to study in school; to road a book ~ thank you, many thanks Lesson 5 all, everybody United States of America people; person Americans this year {also pronounced as “gam nin") years old; age La general measure word for round objects or ebsract things, such 08 questions or ideas; (in1.5)a measure word for people] WO fused instead of “7” when counting brothers and sisters pm i (younger brother is “di di 3f 4”) | elder sister i "(younger sister is “mdi mdi #4") New York Paris to work @, to exchange \ education - ata : ( Bal a hobby; an interest \_ \e to navel oh, tohear;tolisten music (express one's gratitude) 89Lessons Sentence Struct 1. To talk about one’s family (Intimate possession) e.g, ngS 9d g6 hal Nau Jéek zbu jé. (My elder brother is working in New York.) ae Personal prons ‘amily member tnd) 1. baa baa (father) 2. néi (you) 2,maa maa — (mother) 3. kKEoi he, she) 3. 90.96 (elder brother) 4.2628 (elder sister) ee wansenevecsnenss | 5. dai ddl (younger brother) & 241 t | G.mbimdi — (younger sister) 1B ge ZAl (my son) i | gietnegang (husband) 1ng6 g6 néoi (my daughter) 1 \ A tated (ie) ngd Wb setaataaeaact Gamily member} ngs Wanily member 2. To know how to use Measure Words (also see Unit 2 Section 7, p.45-47)) eg. ngd Bu sam g6 hing dBi z6 mb}. (have three brothers and sisiers.) Numeral Mw pang jau (friend) 0 (car) . hOk hau (school) dam (clothes) {trousers} 5. haa (shoes) .s8on jling kat (visa card) Your examiple(sy ngé jau _ + MN 90 Key for tones: st! sf? oP si st? si?Lesson $ 3, To tell one’s nationality e.g. ng& hai M&i Gwok jan. ain American) Personal pronoun + Wai + Country name + jn, 4.JTag Gwok — (England) 2. Faat Gwok (France) 3. Jat Bin (Japan) 4, JiD&ai L8i (Ttaly) 3. Hanako 4, kéoi taai taal this wife) 4, To tell one’s age (ominal Predicate with no verb) e.g. ngd gam nin jf s&p séoi. (7 om: (vents wears old this year) 4.ngé dai déi (my younger brother) 2, kéoi mbi mbi (his/her younger sister) 3.kéoimaamaa —_ (his/her mother) 4. kéoi baa baa (his/her father) ‘Your example(st L ngé gam nin, iu iat Key for-tones: 91 ST’ si? ai" si* 6 siLesson$ 5. To tell one’s major/subject of study (in university) e.g. ngd hal dal hdk dik gaau jk. (A maior at university is education.) mal pronoun + hai dai 4. ng gd gd (ray elder brother) 2. Kol 28 28 thissher elder sister) 3. ngO sin sang (my husband) 4, koi taal tai (his wife) 1. féat Bot (law) 2. jam ngdk (music) 3. ging zai (economics) 4. gling cing (engineering) 6. To tell one’s hobbies e.g, ng8 g@ hing caoi hai Iéoi hang tling téng jam ngbk. (Mv hobbies are traveling and listening to music.) 1. téi su (reading) 2.tdidinst — (watching TV) 3. sdeng mong (surfing on the internet} 4. tai hei (watching movies) 2. jing s6eng (taking photographs) 3.tiuméu (dancing) Your example(sk ng .g& hing céoi nai _ 7. Toask “what” or “what kind of” ere (What name?) (What people?) (What subject?) matjé + Now + Sa? eg. 1. ni giv mat j méng 8a? (What's pour eau?) eg.2. néi hai mat jé jan da? (lit. what kind of person are you? Res nationality) (Where are you from?) eg.3. néi hai dai h6k dik mat j8 15 aa? (What is your major/subject of study in university?) ¢g.4. di gé hing c&oi hai mat j aa? (What are your hobbies?)Lesson 5 1) Names of countries ° Names of foreign countries are translated into Chinese using several different methods. Some of them are based on the Chinese pronunciation (normally Putonghua) i.c. phonetic equivalents, e.g.: [ ~~ English eee ~ Cantonese | Canada (Ca-na-da) Gaa Naa Daal jo A Philippines (Phi-lip-pines) Féi Léot Ban jhe & | Scotland (S-cot-land) Sou Gaak Laan Si ii | Italy (I-ta-ly) Daai Lei SAF J Others are combined with “gwOk i] (country)” as an ending, ¢.g.: English ~ Cantonese aeace| | America M&i Gwok 3B | Jing Gwok $2 France Faat Gwok 5% i Thailand = Taal Gwok AB 2) People To refer to the people who live in that countty/city, the word "jan A. (person/ people)” is added to the country/city names. ngd hai jan. English People: Country Name+ jan Chinese Zong Gwok jan # BA Japanese Jat Bin jan BAA a Australian OU Zau pan BHA ‘Hong Kong people | Hoeng Gong jan BABA For practice, read out the names of countries again and add the word “jan A” to the name of the country. "© You can fiad more names of countries in the Glossary, 33) Nationalities When you want to ask about one’s nationality or the question ‘where are you from?” you can say: Question Hitt Answer yni hal mat jé (gwok) jan Ba? eh eH AF? jGit.you_are._what_(country) people?) ___ta) ng® hi + Plase + jan | 2) néi hai bin gwok jan aa? pete oe | | & * & BH A 4? 1 ‘it you are_which country people! 3) néi hai bin dou jan aa? ha’ hai + Place Ii 8 it. you sxe where people 2.) | i4) ni hai bin dou Iei ga? Rh ? 7 a fee ee 2) ngd jau + Place ~ 16h g@ 5) néi jau bin du lei gaa? Ce eee ey eR RR? [ait you trom where come 7). Here _ 3 ‘Actually the nationality as described above generally refers to one’s curront citizenship or nationality but not his/her “native” origin, The word “ZT #" is used to indicate one’s current nationality if followed by a distinguishing indication of his/her native origin. F.g. [American nationality [M@izik A® [Japanese nationality |Jatzik 6 # lavish Indian ——(Jing zik Jan Dou jan RAE RA \French Turk Raat zik Tou Ji Kai jan RAL ARA On the other hand, the word “jl #” has added indication of one’s ancestral origin or ethnic® group. Eg. descendance from a specif (Chinese descent / Chinese origin [Wa [Goi % (Waa @ isa word that indicates } China’ or ‘Chinese’, e.g. Waa kiu: overseas Chinese}} [Korean descent a Hon jeor # lAmerican of African descent Mai Gwok jan HABA | [Canadian of French descent Faat joi Gaa Naa Daai jan ~ PAB PAA © Ourethnic beckground describes how we think of ourselves, This may be based on many things, including, for example, our skin colour, language, culture, ancestry or family history. Ethnic background is NOT the same as nationality or country of birth. (Source: Kent County Council, UK) a ‘Key for ropes sis si si si? sisiLesson 5, English Jing Man #3 ‘Fine arts iz Inga sBot ie history lik sf BR translation —___ figanjik eae accountancy 7 [wii gai hdk ears | marketing ist eS eng hk Ga din zi gtngcng SFxe it hok Se z ising mat EH [faa ROK Ai [architecture lgin zak hOk sea psychology lsam I8i hOk 38 ‘economics Iging zai ais Iguing sdeng gun Idi ‘business management gd gé hing céoi hai dancing tiuméu se hdang saan fu | shopping; walking around haang gaai_ #4 sraveling _| WGoi hang sey listening to mus iking photographs ‘atching movies playing chess zOk kei fet Sl stamp collectin zap Bu aes (el playing mahjone ____|déa maa 260k tna# surfing on the Internet sdeng méng ba96, Fill in the blanks with the appropriate numerals and measure words. 1) ng jau ik kei jan. 2) ngdjfu ing at 2h mi, 3) _ngé baa baja jau pee ate 4) ngé gé gwok gaa jau__ dat NK 5) oni dbufau ____ hok sdang. Make your own speech in Cantonese by answering the following questions. 1) néi giu mat j méng aa? 2) n&i hi mat jé jan Aa? 3) n&i gamnin géi dd séoi aa? 4) néi Ok kéi ju géi do 96 jan aa? 5) _n@i jau géi dé gd hing dai zi mbli aa? 6) néijl g&a zyu hal bin dou aa? 7) ni hai bin dou diik syu aa? 8) _n&i hai daai hok dik mat jé fo aa? 9) ndi gé hing oaoi hai mat js aa?7 1) Hon Gwok 2) Dak Gwok 3) Jing Gwok 4) Ji Daai Lei 5) Zing Gwok 6) San Gaa Bo 7) Gaia Naa Dai 8) Faat Gwok 9) Mai Gwok 10) Jat Ban sh si* si® si® a) b) ce) ad °) 9 h) dD Lesson 5 3. Match the following country names with the flags. Fa 7) IS ‘greem/white/red blue/white/tedLesson 6 Lesson 6 Getting to know a new friend . ‘To ask for someone’s name . To use “Mh” to indicate negation of a verb or adjective 1 2. 3. Toask a yes-no question 4, To ask and tell one’s know-how/ability with “sTk” 5 ‘To ask and tell where one comes from 6. The elliptical question with “n&" at the end 7. To ask and tell the clock time (also see Unit 2 Section 6) 8. To express necessity or obligation to do something using we oe sfu zé, n&i hou, ndi giu mat jf méng aa? hgd sing Si, git Amy. mh héu ji si, ngd ju sv. ngd jiu du Ida, baai baal. zi gin! 98 E si’ si? shLesson_6, ‘Tony meets Amy at a welcome party Tony: Amy: Tony: Any: Tony Tony Ane Tony: Amy: siu zé, néi héu, ni giu mat js méng aa? a ee ce ee {ello (Miss), what i your name?) ngé sing Si, giu Amy. néi gwai sing 4a? a tf 8 MP Amys i OR Ht (My surname is Siand my name is Amy. What's your surname?) ngd sing Léi. giu ngd Tony laa! BQ & B+ WR Tony hel {By surname is Lee, Just call me Tony:) Amy, NBL HIM hai Hdeng Gong jan aa? Any: OR OH OA OP (Amy, are you a Hong Kong citizen?) th hai, ngd nai M&i Gwok jan. ndi né? BRR RR MA He? (No, Lam America, And you?) néi jau bin dou Iéi gaa? fe f 2 & (Where are you from?) ngd jdu Jing Gwok lei gé. Rh & mK ('m from U.K) ngd hai Waa j8oi Jing Gwok jan. 2 k & BR MAS {U'm British of Chinese descent) gdm, ni sik mh sTk ZUng Man aa? ee 2 ee (Wet, do you lnow how to speak Chinese?) sik siu siu 26 Bob he (asta tite.) hai né, ji gaa géi dim z a (By the way, what time is it now?) ji gaa gau dim zing. wR OM I, (it's nine now.) ony, th hou fi sT, ngd jau si, ng@ jiu zau laa, baai baai. mG F FBR EWR BE He (Excuse me, Tony, [have something fo do. Thave to go. Bye- Bye.) zoi gin! HB! (See you!) 99‘what; what kind of (also “me: ‘what name? hovr is it called? BLE? jw: {also “mé j8 méng”) | VIN; |be surnamed; sumame : YPN: [Ja Chinese surname] {lit 1.6) 9 commonly transcribed Chinese wername for “Smith J What's your sumame? [a polite and formal way to ask someone's surname, “gwai” here means “honorable"] Waa joi 2a stk 38 (+ VerbNoun) ‘not; no (used before a verb or an aective indoatingnepeion} | : He |8. |Hdeng Géng jan #abA Hong Kong. citizen (9. | m6 922 CHoun + NB?) | Pant | lan ucrogative particle used form an elliptical question which ix elared to a | previous question, statement or context.) i 110, | nine? #298 2 SE: | And you? How about you? U. | ju & (+ Placertime) Prep: | from (a starting point) | ascites eee ere eee eeecesy 12. [gaa 8? ( Question + gaa? ) Part: | [an interrogarive particle used 10 ask something | that happened in te past orto require an ansiver { straight away} 173. | gé oft. (Staremenr= 98. ) Part: {fa modal particle wed at the end of a sentence | | fo anowora question ending with “ga oF to i {ive an explanation] PN: [United Kingdom person of 1" Ha” mecns China or Chines {G01-6) know how to do st to has I the ability to do sth. f18.|ZangMan Px Chinese language (also Zino an") ps. ‘siu su bd Teun [aims alittle | MJ (opp. hou dO 4 $: a lot; many) | 100 Key st! sisi si" stsLesson 6 {a modal particle used atthe end of a sentence ‘meaning ‘only’ or 'just'to play down the extent or significance of sth.) Dna HR ny, [Py the way (when the speaker wont change | she topic of the conversation} ‘22. | géi dim zing @s588 QW: | what's the time (also “géi dim") 23. [dim zing xb48( Mu + dim zting ) “o'clock (basic time unit) a (a, gau dim zing) (also “Nu, 1-12 + dim a5") 24. {Mm héu ji sT GSB sp; | GnL.6) excuse me “| (also “th héu ji si”), 25. |jau sT ae {Ph: | to be occupied (with a matter); tohave something to do 26. ju He (+ ur) | fin 1-6) have to; need to | (27. | zu ie _ V: _ |toleave ae (28. | baal baal FRE SE: | bye-bye 29. |z0i gin AB, (formal & polite) goodbye; | st sf sh sisi? si? see you (again) olLesson 6 Sentence Structure | 1. Toask for someone's name 1) Surname ~- What is your surname? (tit. What is your honorable surname?) 2) Fall name or Given name ~ What's your name? | 7 mis matjs = 2 me SEES EEEM uy - eeeeeeeeeseoseosee 1. néigiu maitj& méng aa? 2. n&i giu mB jé méng da? 3. n€i giu m& méng aa? 4, n&i giu mat méng aa? (iyormal) 2. To use “th” to indicate negation e.g. Amyth hal Heng Géng jan, ‘Amy isnot a Hong Kong ciizen.} Subject + th + — Yerbal phrase/Adjective, [ [ 1. ni (you) 1. hai ngd gé lu sT (to be my teacher) 2. ngd. @ 2. stk Gwong Ding Waa (know Cantonese) 3. k6oi (he; she) 3, sdeng héoi HK (want to go to HK) 4. Heng Gong (Hong Kong) } | 4, how (good) noe ‘Your example(s: rgd mh 102 for tony si sisi? si si° siLesson.6 ‘To ask a yes-no question e.g. néi hSi.m hai Heng Gong jan aa? (Are youa Hong Kong citizen?) Subject + Yerbsad + th + Verb /Adjective + (bject) + 8a? ts t- 1, Bi (to be) {Wu ST (teacher) 4. ni (you) 2. kéoi (he; she) 2.sTk \Gwéng Ding Waa 3. nai (you) (know how to do sth.) \(Cantonese) 4. Hdeng Gong (Hong Kong) 3. sdeng « |Réoi Zing Gwok (to want) \(to go 16 China) 4. hou (good) _ a? 4, To ask and tell one’s know-how/ability eg. Q: néistk m stk ZGng Man aa? {Do you know how 10 Speak Chinese?) A: (ngd) sik sfu sfu 26. (only speak « litte.) Q: Subject + siktsik + ‘Skill + aa? (Verbal phrased Noun) Subject + stk i (Verbel phrase/ Noun) 4, JTng Man (English) 2. 28a cB (10 drive a car) 3. jau séoi (to swim) 4, déa maa zbek (10 play mahjong) example(st ng stk gd mh sik ni stk th sik Key for tones: . st’ si si* si‘ si® si®Lesson 6 5 ‘Fo ask or tell where one comes from eg. Q: néi jau bin du 81 gaa? (Where are you from?) A: ngéjauJing Gwok Idi gd. {l-come from the United Kingdom.) Q: Subject + jdubinddu + liga? A: Subject + jau + Place + (éigé. (from somewhere) (the United Kingdom) (France) (Japan) (aly) _néi jau bin. déu |éi gaa? 6. 104 ‘The elliptical question with “n8” at the end eg. 1. ng& hai M&i Gwok jan. ni nd? (Lam American, and you?) Yopic with information, + foun / Pronoun + 18? | {related to previous context) eg.2. ngdgiu Amy. néiné? (My name is Amy And you?) eg. 3. kéoi jiu gaa 18. n&in8? (Hehe wants some coffee. How about you?) eg.4. n&i sTk Jat Man, Jing Man n8? (Yon speck Japanese, How about English?)7. Toask and tell the clock time (aiso see Unit Section 6) eg.1. jiigda géi dim zang aa? (What time is it now?) eg.2. jt gaa géu dim zing. (lS nine now) @ jigaa ( hai) + géidimzing + aa? A: jigda (+ hai) + Clocktime + dim (zing). (one) 2, eng (vo) 3. sBam (three) "Your example(s) di gaa (hei 8. To express necessity or obligation to do something eg. ngé ju s7. ngd jiu zéu laa. (Thave something 10 do. Thave.to g0,) Subject + flu + Verb/ Ver! rase, (have to, need 1) as 4, dk sju (to study) 2. zbujé (10 work) 3.féanhok (lo go to school) 4.féan gling (to go to work) 5. faan Uk kél (40 go home) Key for tongs 105 st' ssi sit sI° singdsikgéng (Language) 1. Man or Man 3c: stresses more the written aspect of the language 1) | Chinese | ZOng Man; Zing Man # x '2) | English Jing Man; Jing Man #3 3) | Latin la) | Spanish 5) | French | Féat Man; Féat Man sk 6) | German | Dak Man; Dak Man 28x 7) | Japanese | J&t Man; Jat Man 6 x is) | Korean Hon Man; Hon Man #3, Io) | Thai ‘Taal Man; Taai Man $3 2. Waa 4%: refers to the ees or spoken form of the language only 1) | local dialect Pp) _| foreign language rionese dialect (as opposed to other Chinese dialects) (3) [5)_ | Guangzhou dilece {as opposed 0 other | edn 9 Zau Waa je ae is) Sbeng Héi Waa te \6) Sai Baan Ngaa Waa ERIS 7) Fei LEot Ban Wéa SHES 8s ls) | Korean : “Han Gwok Waa eas 19) Japanese Jat Bin Waa a Ass 10) | Osaka dialect Tisai Ban Waa Ame 108 Key for tones, sit si ‘ai’ si* si" efLesson 6 stk msitk _ lio drive (a vehicle) taan kam Taal stu taikam eee 5) io play mahjong daamaa zeke 6) to. cook ‘ zu faan ti Z 1) | swimming | cim séoi 2) | diving ek ‘Bu bing sik what sjut aS 6 | cyeting ly | kungfie 8) _| weight ‘fing 5) | playing badminton | 10) | playing baseball 11) | playing basketball 12) | playing golf 13) | playing table tennis 14) | playing squash aa bik kau 188k eee (15) | playing tennis daa mong kau te i e it 16) | playing volley-batl | da pal ku anaes i 7) | playing soacerffootball | t8k 20K KRU Yh 3K 18) | raring Foasing : pau bou 8 Key yng ist st’ si sir si* 1° s1®tans Ty ‘Use the given phrases to form a yes-no question first and then give a positive or negative answer according to your own situation. e.g, néil hail d&ai hok sang @ néLh&i mh hai dai hSk sfang aa? Ages: RB i di 16k sdang. A (no): th hai, nd m hai daai hdk sang. nab hai lou ST. 1) ni hai g@au win hk sang : (sees ecteeesesacsseeue A (yes/no): _ 2) ni d6u/ hai’ H3eng Gong Dou Q: A (yesino): 3) n&iv sdeng/ win’ Géng Bai Qo A (yes/no) 4) n&i/ jAu/ hTng dai zi moi Q A (yeslno): 5) Tony! sTk/ Gwéng Dang Waa Or A (yestno): Fee eee ee ana nae A Qesino): 6) Hdeng Géng/ hou Or A (yes/no): 108 Key for topes: st! sf sisi satLesson 6 2. Ask the following questions in Cantonese, 1) What's your sumame? 2) What's your name? 3) Where are you from? 4) How old are you this year? . 5) Are you a student from the International University? 6) Where do you live now? 7) What is your major in university? 8) How many brotiners and sisters do you have? 9) Do you know how to speak Chinese? 10) What are your hobbies? 3. Translate the following into Cantonese. 1) He doesn't want to have coffee. 2) I'm American of Chinese descent, 3) Lonly know how to speak a Jittle Cantonese. 4) Excuse me. Ihave to go now. Key for tongs 109 st i sf si’ sif s1® siLesson Lesson 7 My Chinese friend To tell one’s occupation or working place . To use the verb “gaau (teach)" To know the function of “d6u in a parallel situation ‘To express one’s likes or dislikes ‘ . To ask a yes-no question with a disyTlabie “zing ji” . To use “ting” to indicate doing something with someone together To indicate how often an action occurs 10 néoi pang jau Person WOK + Skil Knowledge [fm Q8BU Person, + SkI/ Knowledge | _ Bey tgesones: si el st”Lesson 7 ®cp~r60 Any tells Zing-Zing about her Chinese friend, Siu-Ping. Agd jau jat go Zong Gwok pang jau. kéoil giu Can Siu Ping 2 6 ff 2 oR + GoM me AN Re (have @ Chinese friend. Her name is Stu-Ping Chan.) ngé giu kéoi 4a Ping. k&oi hai Gwong Dang jan. RM 6 We. B RH OR Ae (call her “AI-Ping”. She ts Cantonese.) aa Ping hai jat wal zang j7. i Ko tt pO Be (Ab-Ping isa doctor of Chinese medicine.) koi hai Hdeng Gong Ziing JT Hk Jyun zou jd. & ® Fe te RO Gk ie {She works in the Hong Kong College of Chinese Medicine.) k6ol sik géng Pou Tang Wéa. kéoi dou sik gong siu stu Jing Man. eo @ 8 ef oc 8 ih Rh oF oR x (She speats Mandarin, She also knows speaking atte English) aa Ping méu Jing Man Idu si, BF Tf Rx e ae (AbvPing does not have an English teacher) bat gwd aa Ping gé naam pang jau hai JIng Gwok jan. x Me Rm ROOM Re Ok MR mk (but her boyfriend is British.) koi giv Tom fil Tony (His naone is Tons) Tony gaau 4a Ping JTng Man, 4a Ping gaau tony Gwéng Dong Waa Tory OO HR tomy EE (Tony reaches Ah-Ping English and Ah-Ping teaches Tony Cantonese.) ‘Tonyth zing ji gaau Jing Man, In HE Ree (Tony doesnt lke o teach English) bat gw6 kéoi héu ziing ji hok Gwéng Ding Waa. xe © # f SR R KO OB (but he likes 20 learn Cantonese very mac.) k8oi si sl tiing da Ping jat cai lin zap Gwéng Dang Waa ff @ e 2 > — we F cd mo OB (de often practices Cantonese with Ab-Ping together) ov for tones: ra sisi si sisi? si"Lesson. Zing Gwok pang jau Ba ME (4 Nome) 1 Chinese friend PAAR Ww: go 18 ) (Spang jau #8": friend) [So |@an SurPing HbR IPN: (fa Chinese name] i: “Can” isthe suriame and “Siu-Ping” is the given name used by mate or female "Tased as a prefix names; |es.daPing) of addressing people] 4. |Gwong Ding jan RRA Cantonese people 3 1 ae ” Ta measure word fora person and aay 10 show respect] 6 jzingi P28 ‘doctor of Chinese medicine “Thok jjun ee college, faculty 8. |géng WH (+ Object) Pbu Ting Waa Sais "| Giv common speeehy Mandatin/ Potnghua [he modem Chinese language] also, too He Ti. | ding Man 3 Ni | English (also “Jing Mn") | 12. {bat gwd 73 | Conj; | but, however | 13. [naam pang ju 4A N: | boyftiend (opp. “noi pang jau sc ih 2 girlfriend) ' 14. |gaau 4 (+ Person + Object) to teach 15, {HBK # (+ Object) j ‘to lear, to study 16. |z0ng fi P R/MR (+ Object) ‘po like, be fond of. a ath always; often cael {also “ging sdeng #6 #") 18. [tng (+ Person + Verb) ‘with (Someone to do something) 19. |jat cdi —3¥ «+ vero) ‘Adv: |(do something) together aaa z a a to practice; practice i gel ue isi’ st ST”Lesson 1, To tell one’s occupation or working place e.g. 8a Ping hai jSt wai zing jT. (ab-Ping ta doctor of Chinese medicine.) kéoi hi H6eng Géng Zong JT_Hok Jyun zou jé. (She works in the Hong Kong College of Chinese Medicine.) Subject + Wal + Occupation, Subject + [héi+ Place] + zoujé. (industry circles! Working place) 1. gaau shu — (professor) 2.ji'sang (doctor) 3, lot st (lawyer) 4, su fo fun (salesperson) 1, dai hok (university) 2. jT yun (hospital) 3. [Bot sT au (law firm) 4, baak f6 ging sT (department store) 2, To use the verb “teach” e.g. koi gdau aa Ping Jing Man, (Ue teaches Ah-Ping English Person, + gaau + Person: + Skill / Knowledge. lrg (Direct Object) {teacher} 1 Teng&d&i (ve; us) .baabéa (futher) 2. mui mdi (younger sister) 3.2828 (elder sister) 4, dai di (younger brother) 4. gong Zing Mn (10 speak Chinese) 2. jau séoi (10 swim) 3. zyu féan {to cook) 4. 28a 08 (to drive) Key for ones: 13 sisi’ si' si" si? si°Lesson 7 3. ‘The function of “d6u” in a parallel situation eg. L. — kéoi sik géng Péu Tong Waa. (She speaks Mandayin,) k&oi dou sTk géng sfu sfu Jing Man. (She also speaks ale English eg.2. aa Ping hai Tony gé n&oi pang jdu. (Ah-Ping is Tony's girlfriend.) k&oi d5u h&i Tony g® Gwong Ding Wéa Iu st. (She is also Tony's Cantonese teacher.) 1 subject + stk gong + language), Subject A + dou * sik géng + languages. (same subject) | 4 4 4. Jat Man (Japanese) 2. Féat Man (French} 3. Sai Baan Ngda Man (Spanish) 4.Hdn Man (Korean language) 2.DakMan (German language) 3, Taai Man. (Thai language) c.g.3. Amyhai aa Ping gé pang jau. ‘Any is Ah-Ping’s friend.) ‘Tony dou hBi 2a Ping gé pang ju. (Tony is also Ab-Pig's frend.) eg.4. Jing Gwok jan géng Jing Man. British speak English) M&i Gwok jain dou géng Jing Man. {Americans also speak English.) SubjectA + PredicateA SubjectB + dOu + PredicateA (same predicate) + - Amy . Wong sang (itr: Wong) nad @ 1u 28 (Miss Si) (he; she) (to teach English) (10 want 10 have coffee)Lesson 7 4. To express one’s likes and dislikes e.g. Tony hou ziing ji hbk Gwéng Diing Waa. (Tony likes to learn Cantonese very much.) Tony fy zing fi gaau Jing Man. (ony doesn't like to teach English.) Subject + (hOu) zing ii + Something /S m zing jt (Noun) 4. Zong Gwok jam ngdk (Chinese music) 2. git din jam ngdk (classical music) 3. ngd gé Ibu baan (my boss) 4. ngé gé ting sT (my colleague} Subject + (MO) zing ii + jo something. fh zing ji (Werbal phrase) 4. tng jam ngdk (to listen 10 music) 2. cdeng go (to sing) 3. hk Gwéng Ding Waa (te learn Cantonese) 4, sdeng ming (to surf on the internet) 5. Toask a yesno question with a disyllabie “zing ji” Subject + ziingg shzongji + Object + a? WNountNerbal phrase) 4. Heng Géng (Hong Kong) 2.taidin st — {to watch TV) 3. ti hai (to watch a movie) 4. sdeng ming (to surf on the Internet} 1s Key for st’ sf sisi s1° si?Lesson 7 6. To use “tiing” to indicate doing something with someone together e.g. kéol si st tng da Ping jat cai !in zap Gwong Dung Waa. (He often practices Cantonese with Ah-Ping together.) Verb / Verbal phrass | Person) + — (ting + Persons] (+ jat cdi 4. baa baa (father) 4.maa maa (mother) 2.ghg6 (elder brother) 2.2626 (elder sister) 3. dai ddi (younger brother}} | 3. mbimGi (younger sister) 4 @ 4, Ok kéi jan (family) 4. tiu mou (io dance) 2, dda gdu jt f0 kau {10 play golf) 3. 20k kéi (to play chess)| 4.zyu (10 live) ‘Your example(s ngd iting 7. To indicate how often an action occurs eg. kéoi si si ting aa Ping jat cai lin zBap Gwong Ding Wéa. {He often practices Cantonese with Ah-Ping together.) Adverb srbal phras ‘of Frequency 4. tai din si 2. tai héi (to watch a movie) 3. s6eng mong {to surf‘on the Internet} 4, (to smoke) (to watch TV) 4. Bust (sometimes) 2. gaan zling (occasionally) 3. hou siu (rarely; seldom)| 4, cling Idi th (never) M6 Key for tones: st! si? si? sist stdomestic helper . | teller waiter; waitress housewife actor: actress singer y for tones: st’ sf si’ si* si* st® \ koi hai (at go/wai) 1. accountant 2 civil servant 3. couch; instructor 4, | cook; a chef 5. driver 6. 7. 8. | manager el 9. mei tr , an ARES. a iy ! lk i police 112. | professor 13. | salesperson 4. . social worker 15. | worker; servant; amah; maid; Lesson 7. whi gai si eter st g8i ae stu fong jyun Bs B “Teot st Ae ging ii a2 ising 82 wistet 8 - ging caat $% hp gaau sau aie sdu (6 jyun & 8A 98 wil ging z6k 26 HELE e ging jan A ngan hdng cot naap |yun SAT A 2 si jing gaa ting 2ju fi Rae eae Jin fJun 3 Bb; nol Jin jun ewe go su + : nTLesson iT jyun Bee Le cn s6 BHt [naan hong ay zau Bu ie odan téng Ba department store ‘baak f ging st @ 2a] 9. | insurance company ~~ |béu him ging st RA 2 Pee a eeeeae eee EEL 110. | government departments zing fG bou mln ak aye ry ging céng 28% {ging st 4] Consiruction/architecture company | gin zuk guing st #2 "| dBi cdan ging st 58 2 "| cBot jap hau ging s7 Aa 24] an | wan syu ging st #228 4 19. | finance corporation © | gam joing ging st Sak 4] ' J _! 1 20. airline company | hong hiing ging st #2 3) i ug Key for st'sfsP sisterLesson. 7 1. Re-arrange the various parts of the following sentences in their right order, 1) pang jau / ju / ngé/ Zing Gwok / jat gd /. / 2) hai / Gwong Ding jan / kBot / . / 3) gOng/ sTk/ Péu Ting Waa / kéoi/ . / 3) gaau / kéoi / Gwong Ding Waa / aa Ping / . / 5) Jat / zling jt / a Ping / wai/ . / 6) Jing Man/ stu siu/ sik/ kéoi/ dou / gong /. / 2. Add the words in the brackets to the following sentences b the appropriate positions. placing “1” at e.g. ngd hai Hdeng Géng Daal hék 4 hdk sdang. ( gé) 1) aa Ping Iin zap Jing Mén. (thing Tony) 2) a Ping sik géng Pou Ting Waa, kéoi sik géng Jing Man. (dou) ) Tony sTk Pou Ting Waa, (siu sfu) 4) a Ping hal jat zOng jT. (wai) 5) k&oi hk Gwong Diing Waa. (hai d3ai hdk) 6) k&oi zing ji jing séeng. ‘(hdu) 7) Tonylin zap jau séoi. (si si) 8) Can léu sT gaau Gwéng Ding Waa. (ng déi) 9Lesson 8 Chatting with a friend ‘To ask and tell when an event happens (also see Unit 2 Section 5) To inquire about one’s occupation or working place To tell if someone is busy or not with adverb of degroe ‘To know the function of “dSu” expressing all-ifelusive or no exception To express that an action/activity is not necessary using “mh sai” "To ask and tell what one Tikes to do in one’s free time ‘To state a continuous action or activity with “gan” eau ane ep know how to respond to a compliment nigé jau sing kéi jat zi sing kéi nj du hou méng. 120 Ket opes, i si stLesson 8 @ on -Te2 Tony is practicing Cantonese with his girfriend, Siw-Ping Siu-Ping: Sony: Siu-Ping: Tory: Siu-Ping: Tony: SiuPing: ‘Tony: Site-Ping: Tony: ‘Tony, n&i gi si 18i Heng Gong gaa? no CFony, when did you come to eng Kong?) ngd gam nin gau jut jat hou 18i Héeng Gong gé 2 ¢# AAR Se BF BOR (1 came to Hong Kong this year onthe T of September) néi j! gaa hai bin dou z6u j8 4a? ame eR eh mE HT (Where are you working now?) ngd hai I8ot st lau zdu j8, ngd hai lot s7. a %* tS RK OH Re we Be (work in a law firm. I'm a lawyer) néi mong m mong aa? tw fC te EE? (are you busy?) ngé jau stng kéi jat zi sing kéi ng dou hou mong, 2 @ & M- SB WH ER & ft {Lam very busy from Monday to Friday.) ngé jiu faan ging. x RE L: (have 10 30 10 work) bat gwo zau mil m sai faan ging, hou dak haan. x it Mo Ge B TC: # mM {But at the weekends I don’ need to go to work, t havea lot of free time then.) néi dak haan ziing ji zu mat jé 4a? 7 8 bt fh th ute (What do you lke to doin your fre sme?) ngé dak haan zing ji jing soeng ze ob Be (Like taking photographs tung lin z&ap Gwéng Ding Waa. a 4 8 & 8 B end practicing Cantonese in ry fee time.) néi gé Gwéng Ding Waa hou Iék wo. te OE ae a BOF we (four Cantonese is very good.) dd 28! maa maa déi za. ngé ji gaa hdk gan Gwong Ding Waa. She me a ee ee {Thank you! I speak just so-so, I'm learning Cantonese at the moment.) 1: 1 I | 4 + [Rott emp F i Ei Lesson & @CD-Te3 2 3 3. {hou owt HAD I when; at what time months of the year (lanuary-December) | See p.37-40) Faye ‘of the month (1" day to 31" I) | 5. er Tot si Bu Pari 6. “ming te 123. | |gan %E (Verb + gan + Object) a “ Hog, dk gin Gnéng Ding Waa) _| indicating an action in progress) L 0. sing keing 298 | week; days ofthe week (Mon iets" 1 Daal 8°) ee 9.9740) ; B day (also “Bi baal ng #296") du. tat zg (4 Placestine) | Prep: | until; to (an ending point) (also “dou #1”) | pare Seca eeeeeeees 12, | dou 4H} (Subject in pal + du ) | Adv (aun aia all-inclusive [no exception} 3. ‘aan ging VO: | to got work; goondaty 16. ‘zu (+ Object) “7. [zbu mat js ace ia 98 (Sioremane + w0 ) SE: 122 Adv: Part: | opp “feng ging a=" ish work) | | weekend | no need (the negeive form of iu "1 \ do what? fa phrase for asking what kind of ey or actions happening) to take photos ey "Gin L.8) (a modal particte used to indicate | _ suri, discovery or realization) "| thank you (fora compiz)Lesion. 8 1, To ask and tell when an event happens c.g. Q: Tony, n&i géi st Idi HGeng Géng géa? (Pony, when did you come to Hong Kong?) A: ngé gm nin géu jjut j@t hdu I8i Heng Géng 98. (came to Hong Kong this year on the 1" of September.) Q: Subject + géis! + Adj/Verbalphrase + @a?/ gaa? (specific day ortime?) , A: Subject + Time Word + — AdjWerbal phrase. eae 4 + 1. zau mut (weekend) 2.gaunin — (last year) 3. ting jat (tomorrow) 4, gam man (tonight) 4. hok Gwong Ding Waa (10 learn Cantonese) 2. dik dai hdk {to go to university) 3, dak haan {to have free time) 4, ting ngd sTk fan (to have a meal with me) ‘our example(s): oe ngé_ “ (time word) « 2. To inquire about one’s oceupation or working place bin ddu phere) ae iB nee - zou sT Subject + Wl | mat FB ging st ae (what kind of company) ean Your exampl (sk - 123Oo Lesson. 3. ‘To tell if someone is busy or not with adverb of degree e.g. ngdjau sing kel jat zi sing kéi ng dou hou méng. {Fan very busy from Monday to Friday.) Q: Subject + mong + thméng + aa? ‘A: Subject + (Time Word) + Adverb ofdegree * mong. + + (Adjective) 1.zé0oi (the most) 2. hou (very) 3. géi (quite) 4, maa maa déi_ (so-so) 6.jomaan (in the evening) 5. hai géi (not quite) rgd 4, ‘To know the function of “d6u” expressing all-inclusive or no exception eg. ngé jau sing kéi jat zi sing kei ng dou héu mong. {Lam very busy from Monday to Friday.) + du + Adjective/ Verbal phrase (ail, with no exception) a | 1. ngd déi (we) 2. kéoi dBi (hey) 3. Jing Gwok jan (British thing Ob Zau jan & Australian) 4, koi ge Jat Man (his Japanese tung Hon Man & Korean} SubjecMTopic (plurad 4. hai hk sang —_(to be students) 2. hou méng (very busy) 3. gong Jing Man (to speak English) 4. héu lek (very good) 24 : ' aSsyforiopess, st! sf? si st! st" siLesson 8 5. ‘To express an unnecessary action/activity using “th sai” eg. (ng) zau mut fh séi faan ging. {don't need to goto nork a the weekends) Subject ime Word) th sai Verb/ Verbal phn (no need to) 4.sing kéijat (Sunday) 2. kam fat (yesterday) 3. ting at {iomorrow) 4.gammaen (tonight) (10 go 10 school ) 2. sdéng tong (to attend class) 3. hoi wii (to attend a meeting) (to cook) "Your example(s) gd 6. Toask and tell what one likes to do in one’s free time eg. Q: néi dak haan zing ji zou mat j8 a? (What do you like to do in your free time?) A: ng6 dak haan zing ji jing séeng. like taking photographs in my free time.) Q: Subject + d&khdan + zing ji + zoumatje + da? A: Subject + dakhdan + zUngji + Verbal phrase. 4 fF (to read books) 2 (to read newspapers) 3. seng ming (to surf on the Internet) 4, tung pang jau king gai (to chat with friends) 5. hai Gk kéi fan gaau (to sleep at home) four example(s! ngé dak haan zing ji _ LasA esson 8 7. To state a continuous action or activity with “gan” eg. ng’ j} gaa hok gan Gwong Ding Waa. Teaming Cantonese at the moment} hok (university) 4.dak (10 study) dial 2. hi (10 hold a meeting) a wii (a meeting) 3. King (to chat) . gai” (words) | 4. fin zap (to practice) . Gwong Ding Waa (Cantonese) (Your example(s) gd jt gaa hdk gan Gwong Ding Waa. nab. an $. ‘To know how fo respond to a compliment XX: n&i g Gwong Ding Waa héu lek wo. (tour Cantonese is very good.) 1) doze! (Thank you!) 2) maa maa déi 26. {dust s0°s0.) 3) n&i gwO zeng faa. (formal) Your're flatering me.) 126 i ofHow do you spend your lelsure time? Q: néi dak hdan zing ji z5u mat jé 2a? A: ngd dak hdan zing ji [1 Yto chat king oat 5 Pe erseeeeae tice 12. |10 chat on the phone / king din waa #66 pa Drees [SSEEE CHESSER EEE al | ro dance tiu mou is " todo physicalexercises. —=~—~—=* (2u) wan dng (aty8m | | "| to do shopping; buy somethi 10 eat something ing AE |mSalje tar : | STI JS a cae ting Ibeng to take a bath or shower 10 go shopping; walk around hang gai 474 1 12. (to play soceer 13, {to read books ~tBi syu oF (paau boy am fan gaau aa [saan bou ay 17. |to surfon the Internet “| séeng mang La 1 8 eum jjduséoi wk jing s6eng saa | 19. | to take photographs [ai net oeWhen is your birthday? Q: ni géisi sdang jat aalgaa? A: gd —ooo 5 Es pepe eee Suture per icin nin eau nin Inv nin si cin nin Vgau nin nau nin fea lap ee ae | he year before [as year |e year after | has: eee nest Jeol sbeng G8 |sbena o® ivut iz0t hla gO iyut | monn (SUE 8 A SFA rer (RELA Hast month Ie month after ne month before est las Ii sbeno aS jabna gS bar ha a Ising sing kal Sing kat See |b | Fee Ihe week before Vlas week he week ater last next | one iat au et i. : “ Vscam jot Ov | ie day before |) B fhe day afer yesterday [yesterday Momerrow “i8i baal 2A Fs also commonly used for week. ‘The twelve Months and the days of the week — January | jatiyut A. | July cat jjut February | jt ]Yut March | sdam jyut =. April May June | Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Sunday 128 August ibaat jyut September |gdu jut séijyut eA | October |sap iyut ng jyul A | November _|s&p jat jyut tok yut king aan gai TTD tak bo 2) tiu mou 12) tdi syu 13) paau bu } 5 Sree inane 175) saan bou " | 6) cing ldeng 16) sdeng mong ' : |iyrdang gael “yin au sbi i lpjemede TT sang | 9) téng jam ngok : 19)t@ampangfuSS=~™ | 10) déa bo | 130Unit Five Essential Basic Conversation Lesson 9. Looking for a place Lesson 10, What is this Lesson 11. Ordering food Lesson 12. Having a dim-sum lunch Lesson 13. Buying & bargaining Lesson 14, Taking public transportation Lesson 15. Finding your ~ns Lesson 9 Looking fora place 1. To tell & ask the purpose of a motion/journey ‘To ask politely with “céng man” before a question ‘To express “There is...” and “There isn’t...” using ‘jau” and “mu! 2. 3 |. To-ask the existence of sometbing in certain place with “jau mou" 5. ‘To ask where one can find something ot a place using “bin dOu ju" 6. To know how to respond after being thanked for ng® sdeng héoi sTk zou can. céng man bin dbu [au cdan teng aa?Lesson 9 @cp-Te4 ‘Amy meets the receptionist ofthe hosiel in the lobby. Amy: Receptionist Amy: Receptionist: Amy: Receptionist: Receptionist: Amy: Receptionist: si’ si? a? si*st s) zéu san. a oR: (Good Morning.) z6u san, héoi bin dou 4a? e Rk Be we (Good Morning, where are you going?) ngé séeng héoi stk z6u caan. * ® ££ & PR we (7 would lke 0 g0 10 have breakfast.) céng man bin dou jau ofan téng da? a 8 8 & # e Bm (May 1ask where there's a restaurant?) Ji tu ju jat gaan oda caan téng. — 6 # 8 Be {There isa Hong Kong style cuféon the second floor) gam, ni dou j4u mdu ngan héng aa? a a ee HF Rh om? (Wel is there a bake around here?) mdu, nt ddu mu ngan hong, 4 ef mT (Wo, there iv no bark around here) n&i héoi ngan hong zbu mat jé aa? i ££ & F fh BG RF (What are you going ta the bank for?) ngé séeng héoi ngan hong 16 jat di cin. 2 2 £ 8 FR ~ mw AR. (wane 1 go 0 the bank to whihdrav some money) nT dou fo gan jau méu ATM aa? ee WR BT ATM BP (ds there on ATH nearby?) ngé mh zT déu da. bat gwé dai tit zaam Iéoi min aS 4 f - 7 we HOR OH (1 dont kro, But Lknovs inside the MTR station jdu ngan héng tung z7 diing gwai jyun gai. a 8 fF FB fH @ RB: there are a bank and an Sutornatic Teller Machine) héu ak, m gdi. baal baai. Om Ae (Okay, thank you. Bye-bye. } mh sai th gol, baal baai. Be Gh wR Re (Not at ali. Bye-bye.) 133 st?@cp-r65 1L [zou san FR Sik ‘ (+ Object) zou can B 4 (at can §&/ 96 4a) céng man ayy caan téng 4888 (iv: gaan fil restaurant caa c&an fang 46° | Hong Kong style cafe «(10 BR C+ Object) (at: gaan 4) Pec eee eeeeeeece| 7. |gaan i Tameancendfriiings bose ond | 8 N: | Got9) floor Sean \ 9. (tly =a Ph: {second floor 10. |ngan hong sf Gv gaan fi) {N: {bank — Hae [V: [totake:to get; tofeich withdraw money ) to know about (also shortened as “ZT 40 vicinity; nearby Adj: | automatic 17.25 ding gw jjun gi 18, \dai tit sea izBam 8 dif gb -|igol min Ba [th sdi rh gol BRE (eae |. | dBi tit Zam ea lit. no need for thanks) not at al You're welcome, ca cdan téng isa typical Hong Kong term. Hong Kong style cafe isthe only place you wil ind serving genuine local food such as Cantonese congee, fish ball tice noodle, beef brisket noodles of rice with barbecue pork while you may also order Western style drinks and snacks such es French toast, sandwiches ‘or fried chicken wings, ete 134 Key fort st’ si? sisi" sf" stLesson 9 tence Structure ‘To tell & ask the purpose of a motion/jommney eg. 1. rgd sdeng héol stk z6u of (woul ite to goto have brecfase} e.g. 2. néi héoi ngain hong zou mat j8 aa? (What are you going to the bank for?) e.g.3. ngd sdeng héoi ngan héng 6 jat dT cin. {I want t0 go to the bank fo withdraw some money.) Subject + {HE0i(10 ge) | (+ Place) + zbumatj& + aa? Wi Go come) | Subject + faan (10 nnwn) | (+ Place )+ Verbal phrase. L————nnamed (destination) (purpose) 4.18 H6eng Gong (10 come to HK) 2. héoi tou syu gun (10 go 10 library) 3. héoi jf jyun (to go to hospital) 4. faan Uk kéi (to go home) 4, Boi hang {to travel) 2. dik sju (to study) 3, tam pang jéiu (10 visit a friend) 4. zu ging fo (10 de homework) Wola ngd Idi Héeng Gong __ Ippo) 5 2. ‘To ask politely with “oéng m&n/ cing m&n” before a question. e.g. oéng méin bin dou ju can téng aa? (May Task where there's a restaurant?) 9; céngman/cingman + Question ? 4. ni gwai sing 4a? (What's your surname?) 2. ndi hai bin d6u z6u sta? = (Where are you working?) 3. si sau gan hai bin d6u 4a? (Where is the washroom?) 4, néi ju méu san fan zing 2a? (Have you got ILD. card?)Lesson? 3. To express “There is...” and “There isn’t...” using “ju” and “mou” eg. 1. ff ldu [au jt gaan ca cdan téng, (There is a Hong Kong style café on the second floor) Plane tte (Nit MW) Nown Place + mou Noun an (oth no measurd word) 1. Heng Géng (Hong Kong) 2.06 Man (Macau) 3. Ziing Waan (Central) . 4.sdisdu gaan — (washroom) 1. baat gaan daai hk (eight universities) 2. jat go géicdeng — (an airport) 3. hou dé ngan hong (many banks) 4. jan (people) eg. 2. dBi tit am iol min Ju ngan hong ting ATM. (There are a bank-and an ATM inside the MTR station.) aa Word + jau/mou + (Nu MW) Noun. A.clnmin (the front side) 2. hau min (ar the back) 3.z6min (the left side) 4, Bu min (the right side) 4, Gat gd) baa st zam_ (a bus stop) 2. (&t gan) z4ulau (a Chinese restaurant) 3. (Geng go) ATM (two ATM) 4, (héu d&) c&an téng (many restaurants) “Your example(s ngd Ok kéi 136 foe tones: sisi’ si4. ‘To ask the existence of something in a certain place eg, ni dbu ju méu ngan hng aa? (there a bank around here?) @: Plage (Position Word) + ‘Lesson? umdu + Noun + aa? 4. ni dbu fa gan 1. H6eng Gong (Hong Kong) 4. maa cdeng 2.00 Man (Macau) 2. dou cdeng 3, dBi tit zBam — (MTR Station) 3, si sau gaan (nearby) 4. tou syu gun (horse racing track) (casino) (vashroom) (ibrary) 5 To ask where one can find something or a place e.g. bIn dbu ju ofan tng da? (Where can I find a restaurant?) (telephone) (post office) (taxi stand) (ATM) 6. our exsimple(st bin dou jay To know how to respond after being thanked for Xr th gdi. (Thank you) Yi: thai thgdi. or MM sdi haak hei. (Not at alll) (Don't mantion it.) Xo: d6z8. (Thank you) Yz: tsdi dd 28. or th sai hdak héi. (Dont mention i) (You're welcome.) aa? BTRe Lesson 9 FYI — 1. Position Words. | rgd Gk kéi Position Word) 1. sbengmin Es (above; on-top) 2 amin Fi — (below; under) je eeeeeeeeee 3. z6min #& — (the left side) jou & | ming | 4. jaumin | aa (the right side) dnt (bin we) | 5. cinmin wa (the front side) nau | bin G8) 6. humo {hii (at the back) Woi 7. Wolmin Em (inside) Agdi 7 8. ngdimin shih (outside) jap A 9. jap min At (inside) Bot 10. oBot min Bee (outside) I. deoimin «$a (Opposite (ide) > 12. zing gaan FBS (ie the mile of: contre) ! 13. gdak Idi Raa (neighboring; next to) 14. pong bin Hik (beside; by the side op) 15. zak bin Wik (besides by the side of) 16. ft gan I (vicinity; nearby) 1. 2Bu wal FAB around; surroundings) 18. lau sdeng +E (upstairs) 19. du haa AEF downstairs) 20, dBi haa uF (ground floor} 21. dei haa B&F (underground) 138 foriones, sathQ: néi Gk kéi fi gin jau mou __ Q: bin dou ju Lesson 9 aa? Fe a] SPARE i “|e 13. FRSa uW 1S. Vita oo fe Key for umes: st! sisi sit I" si® (fai can dim fastfood shop (9. leTu kip 8¥ cdeng |supermarker | BRE ! eS | 2. [bin lei dim [convenience |10. {baak f6 ging st \department ALS |store agaa |store a. pardon i815 (hotel ii au ghk A [pos offce ia. “\syu dim/ syu guk (bookshop 12. (ging guk SA [police station S15) | zZ _ __| | f (it yun Se, hospital 13. stu fong gak shim [fre station 6. [heijyun Rk cinema 14,” jek fong RA [pharmacy 7 (gang jyun sm park [iS [can sé Bar {clinic i } 8. [gdai st aya Imarker 16. |téu syu gin Be ee [ovary 1391. How should you respond to the following? 2. Translate the following into Cantonese. 140 ) 2) by 2) 3) 4) 5 6) n 8) ‘Translate the following into English. héoi bTn dbu aa? ) 2) 3) 4) Sy A: n@i hou 3) A: th gol B: Be A: zou san 4) A: bai baai B: ’ Llive on the thirteen floor of the hostel for foreign students. T want to go to @ restaurant for my breaktast. Where can I find a student canteen? ‘There is a Hong Kong style cafe nearby. ‘There isn't any ATM inside the bank. Is there any airport in Hong Kong Island? ‘What is he going to the airport for? { don't know. sh si mh gol mu man tai. ngé mh zi aa, hou dak.4, Lesson. Fill in the blanks, = Right I id Paes Front 1 n’icg) a ju. 2) sJu dim hai néi (ge) _ = eee 3) ndi(gd)_ Bu ting 8 cdeng., 4) n€i(gd) Buin he 5) héijyun (ge) pong bin jaujatgo. 2 for tones Ee! Kouta sis? si" st si*Lesson 10 What is this? 1, To greet someone according to the situation using “da” “that/those” and “which” with “nt”, "g6” &" 2. To specify “this/these”, 3, To ask and answer the question “What is this?” ‘To call the name of something using “git Zu” 4 5, To express one’s feeling or thinking with “gok dak” 6. To tell what one wants to try out hai aa. z6u san. ni dT giv zu déan taat. héu hdu sik gaa. si héa aa. i 142 ___ Kay fgr topes: si’ si" si si *Lesson 10 ®co-T66 Zing-Zing meets Amy in the student canteen, Zing-Zing: Amy, zou san. sik z6u caan aa 7 Amy B+ eR HP (Am, good morning, You're having breakfast, aren't you?) Amy: hai 4a. ZIng-Zing. zéu san. & F- & hs eR (ies Zing-Zing, good morning.) Zing-Zing: ni séeng sik mat j aa? me © OR tO i (What do you want to eat?) 1g sdeng sik Hdeng Géng sik gé zou can. f o£ £ % KM RH (I want to have a Hong Kong style breakfast.) ni di hai mat j8 aa? ew RP (What iver thisthese?) Zing-Zing: ni di giu zdu daan taat, go di giv z5u bd 1d baau. Fz B aM Kk e Bo R RO: : (Theve are called egg custard tars, those are called pineapple burs) Amy: bTn dT héu sik aa? ee ee (Which one tastes good?) Zing-Zing: d&@an taat héu sik, bd 16 baau dou hou héu stk. S £ Rk RE DM & F fh: (Egg custard ters are good, pineapple buns are also very good.) Amy: nT di hai mat jé lai gaa? ewe ee me (What is this?) Zing-Zing: — nt AT giu zdu zOk® Ce (This is called congee.) ni win hai péi daan sau jiik zak lai ge eH Rk KE WH wR OR H. (This is congee with preserved egg and lean pork.) bat gwo ngé gok dak péi daan m héu sik. x i # #@ 8 & EH GH &- (But 1 think shas preserved ege doesn't taste good.) Amy: gam, ngé si haa daan taat ting bé 16 baau Ida. me R RF & RR A tte (Thon, Pil iry the egg custard tart and pineapple bun.) © 20K" is a simple dish made by boiling sice grains in many times its weight of water for several hours. In is eaten as breakfast, often with the addition of crispy deep-fried flour sticks kaown as “Iau za wi". Ibis sometimes cooked with lean pork, minced beet. fish, chicken or ceatury egg, exe. Rice congee is easily digestible and is used traditionally in China to nurse the sick back to health or to serve elderly. Some Cantonese also like to have a bowl of rice congee as a midenight snack, 143@co-T67 Ba 52 ( Stazement + Aa?! ) Part: | {a modal particle, used at the end of a statement {o forma supposition question checking the validity of an assumption about observations of Saree __| the station or what has been said) 2. |Hdeng Géng stk Saha Hong Kong style | | ell (Gsoenren ‘| 3. (nt di seat Pn: | this; these 4, Pn: | that; those ae | 5. QW: | which { 6. |daan tat? 4 (it. emg tart) egg custard tart 7. |bd16 baau® sf a & N [Pineapple ile) bun i 8. [mat jS lai gaa? wepstee? — | Ph: | what is this/that? | 9. |1ai ge Bee Part: | [a modal particle used athe end ofrom | ade predicate sentences to give an explanation) 10. |héu sik Fe Adj: | good to eat; tasty | 11. du héu sik eR Ph: | delicious; very tasty 112. | glu zu te V: {being called; named; known as james giu zou +™%) (also “giu” in L.1) 13. | zk 3% N: | rice congee, rice porridge 14. | win 8, : | a bowl; a bowl of | 115. |péidéan ge N: | century egg: a special type of ee fe preserved egg | 16. | sau jOk 3 Ay ee ‘thin meat) lean pork; Jean meat | 17. | pei daan sau juik zuk congee with century egg and lean pork | |__| BER AH dseaeeee cence [18 | gOk dak aba i si haa SF 7 Ph: [have a uy /*Ada” is a structural particle, | (verb + ha) attached 10 a verb indicating a short, quick, = random, informal action.) © “dian tat" is a baked pastry which consists of a middle, tis easly found at bakeries, HK style cafe, China, © “hd 13 bau” is» kind of baked bun with @ sweet and crunchy check pineapple pineapple bun with a piece of butter stuffed inside, laa ‘aky outer crust and sweet ews custard filled in the , and dim-sum restaurants in HK, Macau and southeen top that looks like the skin of @ ‘Tt contans no pineapple but a variation known as “b5 6 Bu" (buttered pineapple bun) is a Both of these are popular in HK.Lesson_10 1, To greet someone according to the situation using “aa” e.g. Amy, z6u sn, sTk zéu cdan dal? (Am good moraing. You're having breakfast, aren't yo bal phrase + = Ball? (sintation) 41. s6eng tong (10 attend class) 2, faan ging (0 go to work) 3. oot gal (10 go out) 4. maai jé (‘0 go shopping) 2, ‘To specify “this/these*, “that/those” and “which” eg. 1. ni di hai daan taat. (These are egg custard tarts.) | nit eg.2. gOdi hai bd1dbaau. | gé (Dhose are pinenppte buns.) (this; these) (that; those) bin eg.3. bin dT hou sik da? (hich one tastes good?) nt a (ihis one) go )+ MW é (that person) } btn | eg. 4, DTg6 hai ngd 98 noi pang ju. (sis my girlfriend) e.g. 5. 96 wai hai ngd gé Gwong Diing Waa iu si. (Phar is my Cantonese teacher) eg. 6. néi héi bIn gaan d&ai hbk dik syu aa? ih university do you study ind} oT t 4. ni gd jan (this person) g6 j+ MW |+Noun 2.gdwéistuzé — (that lady) | btn 3. bTn gaan féng (which room) “Your example(s) Wee Unit Section 7) ‘Key for tones: 14s si" sisi si" si si"Lesson.10 3. Toask and answer the question “What is this?” e.g. Q: ni di hai mat j8 lai gaa? (What is this?) ‘A: ni wiin hai péi ddan sau jk 20k Iai g@. (This is preserved egg and lean pork congee.) Q: nidi + hai mat je + laigaa? A: oTdT + hal + Noun + Bigé (congee) + (rice noodles) (noodles) (cooked rice) nT dT, hal mat j8 Jai gaa? 4. ‘To call the name of something using “giu z6u” eg.1 nt di giu-zbu dan taal, 96 d7 giu zBu bé 16 baau. (These ave called egg custard tats, those are called pineapple Buns.) eg.2 ni di giu zbu zak. (This is called congee,) + (this, these) 1. wan tane (wonton) (that; those} 2.sfammén zi (sandwich) (here) 3. Daai Jyu Saan (Lantau) cHanténg (these restaurants) | | 4, cda cBan t8ng (HK style café} ® wonton pronconced ss “wn tan” in Cantonese) is ne ofthe many unique Chinese fod. it is a Kind of filled pasta similar to the Italian ravioli, usually with shrimp and meat inside. Cantonese wonton is usually cooked in soup with or without scodles. The deep fied wonton with sweet and sour sauce is often served as an appetizer or dsun na diss restaurae, 14610 i 5. To express one’s feeling or thinking e.g. ngd gok dak péi daan mh hou sik. (L think that preserved egg doesn't taste good, Q: Subject + gdkd&k + [ Topic + dimaa? Subject + gdk dak * [ (Topic +) (hou + ) Adjective Comment } . (Aad. of degree) 1. HOeng Gong (Hong Kong) 2. Gwong Ding W4a (Cantonese) 3. Zing Gwok C6 (Chinese cuisine) 1.1ang 9, (beautiful) 2. hou wéan interesting) S.hOusTk (tasty) (tired) (happy) (hungry) 7. baau 2) ngd gdk dak _ ngd gdk dak Hoeng Géng. 6. Tu tell what one wants to try out e.g. ng sihe dian tdat ting bd 16 baau a. {11 try the egg custard tart and pineapple ban.) Subject. + (s6eng) + + Noun / Verbal phrase, 4. bak zak (plain rice congee) 2. wan t&n min (wonton noodles) 3. nt gin sam (this plece of clothing) 4, ni déoi haai (this pair of shoes) 5. hOk Péu Ting Waa (to learn Mandarin) 6, daa méa zoek (to play mahjong) “Your examples) ngd sé i i Kevfortones: 147 st’ si? si’ si si siei (M 189) ion ma (te dip) soya bean milk | — “Ypied noodle” ae lng my me 7K) ——Tiicky rice dumpling ee = wan tan tan min # ate (M win) f wonton noodles [double sunny si [sausage (atso “obeng Zi iF") [pineapple bur with a slice of butter |inserted init | French toast ~ butter & jam ‘on toast | —| ondense milk on toast (buter & alguien: ‘oat meal eee sts" st atLesson_10 1. Answer the following questions. 1) nT GT hai mat j@ 1a gaa? > a 2) gd dT hai mat jé lai gaa? > 3) néi soeng sik mat jé zou can aa? 4) ndi gok dak hai Heng Géng mat j6 hou sik aa? 5) n&i séeng hai cda can t&ng si haa mat jé 4a? 2. Translate the following into Cantonese. 1) You're an exchange student, aren't you? 2) What would you like to eat? 3) I would like to try a Hong Kong style milk tea. 4) What is this? Sea 5) This is called pineapple bun. 6) think that lean pork congee is delicious. ‘Ker foctones 149 st’ sf si si" si’ si?Lesson 11 Ordering food Learning Objectives 150 — ae ral ng@ jiu Jat g6 16 téoi daan séiam man 27, k&oi jiu j&t gd déan taat tng jat go bo 16 baau, ‘To give an explanation of something using “27k hai” To state what one wants when ordering food or buying things using the verb “jiu To use an adjective to modify a noun ig “Jat ging” ‘To give choices to the addressee using “ding hai” in a question ‘To express the total amount usi To know topicalization in Cantonese. To make a polite request with “céng” do 28. jat gling séi sp man. 1 St sis sis fyctonss HST" stLesson 1). @cp-T68 Zing-Zing orders the fod for Amy and pays atthe cashier. Zing-Zing: Amy, n&i jdm mat j& da? Amy, Ok oe ta a WH? (Amy, what would you lke to drink?) Amy: nad séeng jém gaa f8. ngé dou séeng jém ndai cda. a fk oo oe Re 2 (Lwould tike 10 drink coffee. Lalso would like te drink mil tec.) Zing-Zing: gam, si haa jTn joeng laa. RO BE! : (Well, why don't you try “yuanyang”! jin joeng zTk hai gaa fé gaa naai caa 2% Me om oi OR Cytanyong” actually means to add milk wea and coffee together) Amy: héu dak, ngé zing ji si hda san jé ge. eS a (Okay! I'd like to try new things.) Zing-Zing: th gi, Beng bd! jin joeng. Gn R OR Be (Excuse me, two cups of “ynanyang”, please.) ngd jiu jat gé £6 téoi ddan sam man zi, Re-BkKe RE SF k (Fd tike « ham and egg sandbvich, kéoi jiu jat go daan taat tng jat gd bé 1d baau. a 2-8 H ff BS - ww w and she'd like an egg custard tart and a pineapple bun.) Cashier: 6 28. jat gting 981 sp man. SH He Bt the (Thank you. Aliogether that's $40.) hai dou sik ding hai ning zau aa? * Rk € R Hm RP (Bet in or take away?) Zing-Zing: hi ddu stk, th gai. % ee Be (Fat in, please.) Cashier Jin jOeng jiu jit ding ding gaa? RR RR ee Rm MRP (Would you like the “yuanyang" het or cold?) Zing-Zing (Seng bai ddu jiu jit ge x oO ® RH (Both of them het, please.) Cashier céng dang Jat zan laa! y= MT (Please wat fora moment! is sist"gaa {8 obey (at bOi HE ) al cae kn (DOL AF ) (in Ltt) yuanyang® | Finjoeng BR cmebal wey [Ne | LN Via of A tenia cofee) V: glass, cup, mug; a cup of a measure ofthe quai of something that a cup wl kp (ate pin A) j10. | daan % un zk &/90 18) | 11. | sazam man 2 Toa ye enaaeichen De Tel fan dp) 964) gee eee eee it gling — #% (+ Quaniity ) ham cee (also gal ddan” SK) © a agsher ng ang” m8) ii HSSESSSRESaneS a 13, | hai du stk he i |r only used ina question indicating options] (also“ding” @) to go" (also “rikezBu” #88) 14 (ding hai RAH ‘pot (in temperatore) [eéng a coéng + rb) please (+ verb) [used to show politeness i Jrequests or commands to mean ‘be obliging | enough) to wait © Fuanyany (pronouood es"fn feng” in Cantonese) is eriginaly« Chinese wame of Mandats Dek “They ually appear in mele aad female pers and ae refered to a8 a synbo of conjugal love in Chose aaa arse cong poopie mix Hong Kong syle milk tea and coffee together and eat the drink "Jt9 ong” to make use ofthe connotation of “pak” ‘This sa popalar Kind of beverage in HKG ts drink Manvang, is considered asa mixture of Baster and Wester culture a8 well 152 sy for tes ‘sl’ si et’ sfLesson 11 1. To give an explanation of something using “27k hal” eg. jin Jeng zTk hal gaa 18 gaa néiai cda. ‘(yuanyarig” acwalty means 10 add mitk tea and coffee together.) Subject (Topic + zikhai + Meaning / Explanation 4 (using other words to explain the topic) ing kéi lk ting sing kai jat 96 thing dai dai z6 thing mbi mdi ia baa tling maa maa Zau mut (weekends) hing dBi (brothers) mui (sisters) (parents) 4. sin 2.08 3.28 4. ba TEE err 2, Tostate what one wants when ordering food or buying things eg. 1. mh gdi, eng bai jin Seng, (Excuse me, two cups of *Yuanyang", please.) e.g. 2, ngd jiu Jat go £6 téol déan saam man zT. {I'd like a ham and egg sandwich.) e.g. 3. ké6oi jiu jat g6 dan tdat thng jat gd bd 1d baau. (She'd like an egg custard tart and a pineapple bun.) QGi, (Subject + jiu +) Nut MW + Things. 4.nBaicda — (milk tea) 2. céau fan | (fried rice) ee (T- shirt) (shoe) jat (one) Weng (two) (three) . (a.cup of) (2. dip (a plate of) 3.gin (apiece of [clathes]) aot (a pair of for tones 153 Stat tai stot?Lesson LL 3. To use an adjective to modify a noun e.g. ngd ziing ji si hda san ié gé. (Clk ro ty new things} Adjective (+g) + Noun (Modifier) (Headworl) (milk tea) (coffee) (teacher) (friend) = gd zing ji 4, To express the total amount using “fat ging” eg. Jat gting séi s&ip man. (Altogether that’s $40,) jatging * Nu + MW_(+Noun) : (otal ampwit) : 4. J bak Ik sp man ($260) k 2. gdu cin gau baak gau sp géu man ($9,999) ' 3. sp Ik go jan (16 persons) | 4, ng bu gaa fé (5 cups of coffee) 5, To give choices to the addressee using “ding hai”or “ding” in a question eg. 1. hai dou sik ding hai ning zau aa? (Eat in or take awe’ eg. 2. jin jOeng jiu jit ding ding aa? (Would you like the"yuanyang” hot or cold?) Q: Alternative J ,+ ding hai/ding + Alternatives + 8a? (Woung/Adjtives/ oun, /Adjectives/ Verbal phrase,/ Clause,) Verbal phrasey/ Clase) c.g.3. n&i jdm mat jS aa? gaa f ding hai cda aa? (iat would you like to drink? Coffee or tea?) e.g.4. néijiu saa léot ding cdan tong da? (Wiould you tke salad or the soup ofthe day?) 134 Key foe topes, st'ofsist st stLesson. e.g.5, gam jat hai sing kéi j&t ding hai sTng kéi jat aa? (Toda) ix Sunday oF Monday?) e.g. 6, gd déi héoi ding hai mh héoi aa? (Shall we go or not?) e.g. 7. néigdk dak dian tdat hou sTk ding hai rh hdu stk aa? (Do you think egg custard tart is tasty or not?) 6. To know topicalization® in Cantonese e.g. ng® jiu Seng bUl jin jOeng. ISeng bol dou jiu jit g6. (Pd like rwo cups of “yuanyang". Both of them hot, please.) Sentence topic + Comment on the topic. (known information) 4.nf bUinBalcda (this cup of milk tea) 2. ngd gé sdam man ZT (my sandwich) 3. kéol gé gaa 16 {his/her coffee) 4. ng gé jin joeng (my “yuanyang”) 5. hai Héeng Géng (studying in dik syu Hong Kong) 4.ntng zau (take away) 2. nai dbu stk (eat here) 3.Mflunal (de not want milk) 4, ju tong (want to have sugar) 5, hou hdi sm (very happy) make a polite request with “c&ng” eg, céng dang jat zn laa! ‘lease wait for a moment!) oéng + (sit) {come in) ___ thave some tea) cimméng (sign here) © ‘Topicalization is the promotion of some element of the sentence to the topic position. (Matthews &Yip sa) Note that he subject the verb wl one in uch wutence foe 158nal cda 9% Imilk tea \gaa f& obs ae _keaffee - Leaai fe ae black coffee Tenet ‘ ~ Guanyuang (a mixture of HK style Fn joerg % % inilk tea and coffee) he : Fed ahahaha sci (also “ning c&a #8" ) ee erase eee era emomaderae 6. jning ming séol 44 also “ning séot i$") b. [hei séoi Pk ae 8. {nO ik 9. [cathe =& : 10. [Sytem St (sprite i 11, jning Ik Ese i \coke with lemon 12, [ning cat Me [Seven-up with lemon i a 13. ning mat ee Pe ‘honey lemonade - 14, [cdang zap 45+ a lorange juice [15. sin nal si resh milk 16. [ngdunsal 45 17._jnang jn soeng & 18. |zyu gi lik bh Jou Laap Hal ee \Ho Waa Tin praber |Ovaltine Ribena perce lmineral water 156 Kev fortones: st si?Lesson 11 Adjectives are words that discribe the nature or state of a person or a thing. Here are some common adjectives for your reference. not up to standard |s60i pei ae ate ‘ean Ea eee _ [sso 36. jlazy Ian 3, [bad, out of order _|waai 37, Jlong icdeng Is. [beautiful prety liéng __ bs.|low dai ie. 5. lbig dai x many, much, « 1ordo_ 4 6. [boring min Fa Jnaughty fe i. mong te near kanigan it Ig, Ipéng (nervous lgan zoeng Bi (2. jeolds \ding i, M3. fnew 10.|comfortable [su fk 298 f = 11. Jconvenient _|fong bin 24e 5.fold feos new) 12.\correct _[aam 5 146. old imo youre) (13, oraz ici sin eR 7. painful; sore l4.tdangerous ___{ngai him #8 +e 15. \difficule Indan 16.early __\zou_# terrific, extreme _|sai 52, |short (in length) in height) | Iss, |slow. LL. few; a little loa. fragrant lsc.lsmati sai tm | 123. free; not busy dak haan 44) |57, smart, intelligent |cOng ming sa 24, |full baau Is8.|smelly, stench cau & hfe, interesting [nOu wan #3% _ |59. [stupid lcéon_& 26.|good; obedient [60.ltalt, high lgou_& |27.|go0d; fine; cool _ \61, [tasty (drinks) [hou jam #6 Ihou sik ff; 128. |great; terrific tasty (food) 4 ik (29. |happy mAs «i tET Cia contrast to fat a I30.\hard, tough san fa 2% 64.lihirsty gang hot same 131 hardworking kan (Tk % A louie 132. thot Tt ak leu jéeng aie 133.|hungry [tu go st. loo 8 fsa kind: nice person {hOu jain tA 1571. Re-arrange the various parts of the following sentences in their right order. 1) jiu’ ngé/ bai Keng/ gaa far jit’ ./ 2) géi dd cin / gaa {8/ ting! saam man Z7/ Jat g6/ jat bOI’ jat ging! aa’ 2/ 3) sdeng! hai dou/ nai/ ding hai aa! sik/ ning z4u/ 2 4) ting’ daan tat’ dou/ hdu héu sik’ b6 1d baau/ ./ 2, What should you say in the following situations? (in Cantonese) 1) You want to know what someone would Tike to drink. You say: a 2) You want to explain that “yuanyang” is actually adding milk tea and coffee together. You say: 3) You want to ask for someone politely to wait for a moment, You say: 4) You want to order one sandwich and two cups of hot coffee. You say: ’ 5) You want to ask which one is tasty, egg custard tart or pineapple bun You say: 158 Lopes, sefetsteterLesson 12. Having a dim-sum lunch To indicate that something has not yet been done by “mai” ‘To indicate that something has been completed by “26” To ask whether something has occurred or not ‘To suggest to do something together using “a” at the end ‘To treat or invite someone to something with “eéng” To ask someone’s agreement to your suggestion with “héu rh héu aa?” ‘To express the sense of “in addition to...” using “Zing...tfm” eA AwRenae ‘To give an altemative in a statement with “waak 26” sik 26 fan m&i 2a? jat ci héoi jam cda aa! héu dak. gam, dé zé sin. th gOi, jat wi Pou Léi, jdt wd gwan séoi. for tones: 159 sf sf si’ sit st* si®i i Lesson 12 aco-m ‘Tony invites Siu-Ping to have dimt-sum for lunch ‘Tony: wai, Siu-Ping, stk 26 faan méi da? Reh Re ee OR OE? (Hi, Siu-Ping, have you eaten yer?) Siu-Ping: méi a. n&i n&? Be HK Me? {ioe yet How about you?) ‘Tony: ngd d6u méi sik aa. jat cai héoi jam caa dal R 8 k Rw - Re KR el (haven't eaten either Let's go to have dim-sim fopetier!) Siu-Ping hou aak. © (Good) Tony: nai si si gaau ngd gana Gwéng Diing Waa. Ke BRR OR (You often teach me Cantonese, bi ngd céng néi j4m cada da! Rm wk me OR oT {Letme treat you to dirn-sum!) Siu-Ping: gam, dé zé sin. hdang laal & So es mt (Wel, thank you in advance. Let's g0.) At the Chinese restaurant Siw-Ping: mh gi % (to waiter) Jat wi Péu Léi, jat wd gw4n séoi. Bw - HR Ke (Exouse me, apot of Pu'er tea and a pot of boiling water, lease.) Tony: ngd sdeng si haa haa géau, cBon gyun ting cada sTu baau. 2 A RG GR: Re mM OM wR A {T would like worry shrimp dumpling, spring rl! and barbecue pork bun.) Siu-Ping: héu dak. ngd séeng stk faan. # Gk 8 we me: (Okay. 4 tke 10 ea rice.) ngd 331 j isi jiw ia jat go cdau fan, hou rh hou aa? a mo ee OP (Shall we ae fried rice, ee 2) ‘Tory: méu mn tai. ngé zn zling sdeng jiu di tim ban tim. 7M Be 2 Bw a & AS To protton Its itew hve some leer} SiuPing: si ha du f0 faa waak zé hing dau saa laa KY So oe me A Bw (iy bean curd dessert or red bean sweet soup!) “After finishing all the food. Tony: zAn hai hou sik aa. iSeng dim ida. ngd jiu fan ging laa. R & F RY: OR Me we Tm. Ue really asty. Its evo o'clock. Ihave to go 10 work nov) Siu-Ping! 4m, m gdi, maai daan laa! eg es ee aT (Well, get che bill, please!) 160 st’ si? si al f° stLesson 12 hhello; hey [ro draw sb. attention informally) cooked rice 3. 126 9 (verb +26 + Object) Part: | {perfective aspect particle used after a verb, (eg. 81K 26 tan) indleting comple ation whether in se pat presen or fucure 4. | mbi & (+ verb) (eg. mi stk faan) not yet yam-cha® it, ro drink tea) Gn L.12) to have dim-sum® jam cia [a modal particle used ar the end of sentence, indicating suggestion inc causal mood} 6. [Bay céng ‘V: invite, treat, serve or entertain someone | (Person, + O8NGS Persony+ Vers) — | | to sth, (bear the expense of the entertainment); | paying for the expenses; playing host 8. [sin % (Verb +sThny Ady: | first; in advance | d6 28 sin SRR ‘Thank you in advance. hdang laa dai Let's go. lwo & 12. |Péu Lai 3h PN: | Pu'er tea (also “Béu L€I”) {ack te, fly fermenied and cxtdiced tea} teapot; a pot of 13. | gwan séoi RA boiling water i shrimp dumpling | {apoptier din-sun} © Yum-cha (pronounced as “jm ca” in Cantonese) literally meaning “drinking tea", refers to the custom ox eang so aes efre ood knowns "aimsum fie Oasking Chisetee nCanoncse fapeaking areas of southern China, Yumn-cha can be a breakfast, branch, inch or atemoon tea. Cantonese ‘Zope fie nyo Yunecha vith any o fens epeily oe Weekend monings Fired he bes enyclopein. 2007) ® Dim-sum is a general term for servings of different small dishes of food served in Yurn cha. Tt is as. importante Chinn tex Dm sr can be cooked by seaming td ying, arn oe eho Tae ers uuly sil and nonlly sored in he or four feces es Sh Ke tscacoary 0 Pree Su ana nny a ers nh aly Because of Oe smal porns people can y= OAK Sty offeedDimaum cont ofa tie spam of cht, rom the seen Be ey (ee Tit hee conbinins of mat rgetebles seafoods and ut Thc varie term we uly eed nt esi taker oss depen onthe ype cn sum. Dn sum nts ean Be ‘ordered from a menu or sometimes the food is wheeled around on a trolley by servers for diners to choose fr (Wikipedia, fe eneylopdia 2007 ise 1st Stet shat st siLesa}? 15.|esongyun ES Ni: spingel La popular dim-sum} 16. |ca stu baau 28,6, Ni [barbecue pork bun [a popular don-sum} \ehau fan 9a fied rice . hou th hou da? kehaeeE? | SE: Ts that good? Is it okay? tached atthe end of a suggestion or request] 19. |zting 4 ( verb) * in 22) (in addition to...) stil also Timptes extra emphasis or surprise] 20. |tTm # (zng....tim) Part: art ““zting® to emphasize the idea of ‘addition’) 21, |fm ban #3 N: [dessert _ 22. | dau fil fa = FE N: | 23, |hung dau sda é a3> N: ged bean sweet soup | Galso “hing du 8a”) 24. | waak 28 ait or (either one can do) (A twhak 26 +B {used in a staerant, not n questions} zan hai Re : |really; indeed 1 26. add up the bill; to pay 162 Ke; st sfstoret el aLesson 12 1. To indicate that something has not yet been done by “méi” eg. ngd mél sik faan da. (haven eaten yet) (teacher) 4. Iei (to. come) 2.ndk sang (student) 2. z6u ging {6 (to da homework) 3.baabaa — (father) 3. fong ging (to finish work) 4.maéamaa — (mother) 4, faan Uk Kéi (to go home) (he; she) 5. git fan (to get married) 2. To indicate that something has been completed by “Z6" e.g. ngd sik 26 faan laa. have already eater.) Subject + Verb+z6 (+ Object) (+laa). 4. tu sT (teacher) 4.74u | (to leave) 2. hdk sang — (student) 2. gdau [ging f6 (to submit homework) 3. baa baa (father) 3.faan |gling (10 go to work) 4,maamaa (mother) 4. héol jgaal (40 go out) (he; she) 5. git [fan (to get married) 163 Kev for tones: si’ sisi sit si® st”3. To ask whether something has occarred or not e.g. néi sik 26 fan méi aa? (Have-vou eaten vet?) Subject + Verb+z6(+ Object) + mei + aa? a (to leave) zai gaau \gang 19 (to submit homework) fan |gling — (10 go to work) héoi \gaai (#0 go out) git [fan (to get married) 1.toust (teacher) 2, WOK sang (student) 3. baa baa (father) 4. maa maa (mother) 4. ae 3. 4. 5. kéoi (he; she), 5. 4. To suggest to do something together e.g, jat cai héoi jam cada dal (Lat go to have dim-sum together?) (ngSdél) + jtcdi + Herbal phrase + Ba! (to have a dinner) (to go watching a movie) (to play tennis) (to take a photo) (to go traveling) 164 Key for tones, svetefetet a?Lesson 12 5. To treat or invite someone to something &.g. ngé céng néi jam cada idal (Lill reat you to a dim-ston,) person) + céng + Person, + (Verbal phrase, Undirect Object) Direct Object) jam (10 have a drink) Jam zéu (to have a alcohol drink) k iB (to eat something) stk aan zu (to have a lunch) (10 watch a movie) 6. To ask someone’s agreement to your suggestion with “héu th héu a?” c.g. ngd dl iu jat g6 cau fan, hdu rh hou da? (Shall we have fried rice, okay?) 4. (ngd di) stng kéi JSt héoi tai héi, (WVe'N go t0 watch a movie on Sunday.) 2. (ng® d&i) gam maan sik Zing Gwok oi, (el eat Chinese cuisine tonight) 3. (ngd déi) ting jat heoi hdang gaai, (We'll go shopping tomorrow.) 4. (ngd d&i) cBot nin git fan, (We'll get married next year.) 165™ Lesson 12 7. To express the sense of “in addition to...” using “zling,..tim” eg. 1.ngé sdeng si ha haa géau,...ngd ziing séeng jiu di tim ban tim. (Lwould ike 10 ny shrimp dumpling, ... sil like to have some dessert) Subject_+ Verb + Object, + zling + Verb+ Object) + fim. e.g. 2, kéol ju téal tal, zling jau jat g6 zai tim. (He has a wife and also has a son.) eg. 3. Amy sik JTng Mn, zing sTk Faat Man tim. (Amy knows English; she also knows French.) ‘ eg. 4. aa-Ping gaau Gwong Ding Wéa, zing gaau Péu Ting Waa tim. (AlvPing teaches Cantonese; she also teaches Mandarin.) og. 5. Tony céng a-Ping jdm oda, zling céng kéoi tai hél tim. (Tony not only weated Si-Ping to have dim-sum, he also weaved her watching a movie.) ae EAE 8. To give an alternative in a statement with “waak z6” eg. 1. si hda dau fli ffia waak 26 hing dau saa laa! (Dry bean curd dessert or red bean sweet soup!) waak zé B c.g. 2. ngd sdeng jau jat g6 z4i waak 26 jat go néoi. (vant wo have a son oF a daughter) e.g. 3. ngd gé pang jau ni go sing kei Itk waak zé sing kéi j&t si HGeng Géng. (Ay friend wil come to Hong Kong on this Saturday or Sunde, e.g. 4, ngd dak haan zOng ji t&i syu weak 26 t8ng jam ngdk. (Flike reading or Tistening t0 music in my ree time.) eg. 5. kéol j} gia hai Ok kéi waak zé ban gling sat. (Hes either at home or inthe office now.) Key ar sisi aesQ: céng min jam mat j8 cda aa? A: Th gi, ngé jiu jat wo (Tea's name) ‘ “Category Variety Lok Caa BE fe Ling Zéng #55 (ong-jing tea: het (Green tea : non-fermented tea)| known as King of all green teas) © BIKLOC8on eR (Bi-luo-chun tea: | | _ best known as Queen of dll green teas) Wong Gaa @ Gwan Saan Ngan Zam Banat (Yellow tea : non-fermented tea (Yinzhen yellow tea; Silver Needle yellow tea) with yellow-gren appearance) Baak Cia &% —"e Ngan Zam Baak Hou 4b = (linzhen (White tea: a light-fermented Baihao: widely considered as one of the best tea) grades of white tea) je Sdu Méi afi (Shou-met tea; Long Life Eyebrow tea) le Tit Gin Jam aie (7 4. (Céng Caa ¥ guan-yin tea: / WO Ling Cda & 88% well known Oolong tea) (Oolong tea: a semi-fermened |e Toi Waan WO Ling ¢ 3 & i (Tatwan tea) Oolong tea) Je Sé0i Sin Kits (Shui-xtan tea) Hing Céa 3% Kéi Man Hing Caaf Fé. &(Oimen red (Black teasred tea: a fully tea: the most renowned red tea in the world) Vermented rea) % (Hak Cada @Blackiea: le Pou L&I Ei (also “Bou LEM) (Pu'er tea \post-fermented and oxidized | comes from Yunnan province) tea) je (Syun JT S8on) LUk Gn (44 HA | Ca'an black tea) © GOK BOW HE (Pu'er tea with dried chrysanthemum) | (Scented tea: a mixture of tea ‘leaves and fragrant flowers) |e Hoang Pin 4 (Jasmine tea: the most | popular scented green tea) |e GOk Faa 36 (dried chrysanthemum tea) / Fea was originated jp China where ten bushes were frst cultivated by the anclent Chinese, Chinese pour hot water onto dried and poocessed leaves ofthe ten plant to make a drink, With such a long history Of tee-drinking in China, it has developed into a custom with rich culture of is own. As & traditional Chinese custom, testesting generates much pleasure in our daily lives. Tea int drunk only for the aroma and tase; it's also believed to be for health. It is generally believed that teasrinking can iiprove our health and enhance our energy in the following aspects: quench thirst, help digest the rich foods, clear saliva, help prevent tooth decay, reduee sleeping time, reduce stress and refeshing, help the urinary tract, purge toxins help slow ageing, improve eyesigh, increase concentration, relax the body and dissolve fat (Source: University Museum and Art Gallery) Seppe i si sit si" si? si®Q: ni sdeng si héia mat j& dim sam aa? Az ngé séeng si haa {) Steamed (zTng %) Dim-Sum: TT fra gaau wee shrimp dumplings {stu maal &R {pork dumplings aaa [rice noodle rolls ee ~ (barbecue pork buns 3. in jung baau ZRE ~ [lotus seed paste buns © |ndai wong baau 4 @ & {sweet cream buns a [sticky rice with chicken, rapped with Totus ind mai gai 8 leaf “Eoin tng gaau awe soup dumplings eect 9. [nas laai gou Ate [Malay sponge cake = Chiu Chow style dumplings 10. [clu Ziv fan gwd aa ~ [bean curd rotis 13. [nga jok kau # 3k beef meatballs TS (ngdu paak ip 4 (beef stomach 1 [gam cin Ou SR [stewed beef tripe spare ribs steamed chicken feet fing Zu BU [Chinese turnip cake 17. |i baak gou Ht aK For vegetarians ing sik zai gé. ngd th sTk jk. (I'ma vegatarian, Tdon't eat meat.) 168 ohgttorsepes,‘Lesson 12, ‘spring [dam séot gokigok aK A sticky 2 | eas dried shrimp and meat |__ deep fried taro root dumplings wil gakigok = 6 4, (ha gokigok $8 f4 deep fried shrimp dumplings served with salad dressing 5, |héi sin gyun sa \seafood rolls i Paa wan tan 3 ‘deep fried wonton served with sweet f land sour sauce 7. TO peighun RAK bean curd sheet rolls 3) Baked (gUk #4) Dim-Sum: |caa siu sou AoE "barbecue aca he oda siu can béau SORA, oven-baked. barbecue ‘pork buns “3. [oan taat t egg custard tart seared crear buns with egg yolk 1 fan saa baal Hehe (ai csusts arg eae Ane “3: [mong gué béu din = RA 4 lin jing guk béudin # Bie Paked sago and mashed ionus’ seed ‘pudding 5, [hing dau/déu sta #527 "red bean sweet soup 6. tk aau/aéu sta rn ae Imung bean sweet soup sesame sweet so 8, hing fan bu BE 9 9. fie tou Bu ons ‘pomelo and sago in mango soup “sago in coconut milk mixed beans sweet soup with taro 12. = aa vist 13, |sdeng pai naai $46 ‘double-boiled fresh milk and e 2 white \sweet dumpling in soup bean curd dessert 169 si’ sis? sit si® si®Lesson $2 1. Use words or phrases underlined to construct three separate sentences using the patterns from the box. Subject + verb + 20 (+ Object) + melaa? (4) (Subject +) Verb + 28 (+ Object) + laa. ( (Suoiect +) mi + verb (+ Object) (# Ba). | eg, ngé d&i jl gaa héoi sTk z6u can. Answer: (2) ni sik 26 zu caan mei aa? (sik 6 faa. ©) mei sik aa. 1) ngd baa baa cat dim ling fan gling (to go r0 work) (Me )_ eee 2) ngd baat dim zing héisn (ro ger up). 3) maa maa si si sp jat dim fan g&au (ro go 10 bed). QQ. ete ), ©). poet 4) gam jt ngd dBi jiu Pou hou dd giing £6 (10 do homework). (___ 102. 3 Key for Lesson 12 What should you say in the following situations? (in Cantonese) 1) You want to invite your fiend to have a drink iv a Hong Kong style cafe together. You vay. 2) You want to suggest to your friend to try “yuanyang” or HK style milk tea, You say: 3) You want to ask your friend if itis okay to order some dessert. You say: 4) You want to ask what tea your friend would like to drink, Yousay:_ 5) You want to get the bill after you finish the food in a dim-sum restaurant You say: 6) You want to treat your friends to dim-sum. You say: ‘Translate the following into English. 1) stk 26 fan mBi aa? 2) méi aa. 3) jat cai héoi laa. 4) hdang laa 5) hu mh héu aa? 6) du man tai, 7) jat wi gwan sé 8) Zan hai hou sik aa 9) mh got maai daan. 10)_ng& céng nai laa. r im st’ si* si’ sf si? st®m2 Lesson 13 Buying and Bargaining AY ‘To request or invite the addressee to do as he/she pleases X& . To express whether something is worth it or worth doing with “d4t” ‘To express a higher degree than is expected with taal” ‘To state the comparative degree with “di” . To seck approval or permission using the tag question “dak mh dak aa?” To bargain and ask for discount To use the verb “béi” (to pay; to give) To emphasize one’s gratitude using “saa” ji gaa daai gaam gaa, taai gwai laa. péng di lda! pata anata ae laa hou dai maai ga a euentaa?i @cp-172 Tony is buying a camera in a camera shop. Salesperson: ‘Tony: Salesperson: “Tony Salesperson: Tony: Salesperson Tony: Salesperson: Tony: Salesperson: Key for fin jing, céng céoi bin tai laa! x 2 i Re fe Me (Welcome, please feel free to look around!) ngd sdeng mai jat gd sdeng géi. 2 © 8 - & Hm (Fwould like to buy a camera.) ni gé paai z{ ji gaa daai géam gaa, héu dai maai gaa! Rune Te ke RM Ow Be Rm! (This brand is curronily om sale = it a great buy!) waa! séi cin man taai gwai laa. 1 mF kK RB me (ow! HR$4,000! I's too expensive.) jdu mou péng di gaa? 4 om Oe? (Are there any cheaper ones?) jdu, nt. gd séam cin man, géi léng gaa, si haa laa! we Be SF wy mM BRR aT (ies, this one is BKS3,000, 1's good quali. Please have a tr.) jdu mu zit aa? a ot oH BP (Is there any discount?) th héu ji sT, nT gé pdai zi mou zit w: ge BR eM OM FT OR (P'm sorry, there is no discount for this brand.) péng dT laa! gau zit dak mh dak aa? Rm el J. Rw GE? (Cheaper please? Please give me 10% discount, okay?) hnéu laa, hou laa, ji cin cat baak man laa! fo: =F ew te me! (Ohta, okay, HA82, 700 for you.) gam, ng@ jiu jat gd hing sik gé i ® B- Me (Tren Iowans a red one.) ngé béi kdat ngi, dak m dak 4a? i ee (I'll pay you by credit card, Is that okay?) dak, méu man tai. dé 28 saail ef Mh ess ew! (All right, No problem. Thank you very much!) ‘si’ sf si’ si sI° si”Lesson 13 @cn-173, [1 fedoibin nae « (Yew) | Adv: | do as one pleases 2a Be nec ‘V: | to sce; to look; to watch; to read 3. |sbeng 98) AHR GH 96) |N: | camera 4. | pdai zi BE ue go fa) N: | abrand; a brand name; a wademark 5. |daai gaam gaa AAR SE: | big sale products a reduced price] j 6. mai ct Object Vv: [to buy ao jadi 4s, | 8, | dai maal 46.3% « worth buying expresses surprise or wonder] Wow! 10. | cin Fu 4 eT) Hh |tBai k Chag) : | t00; excessively [expresses a higher degree thousand than is expected} 2. | gwai © 13. | péng F 18. | gdu zit Ja 14. [aT (adh + oT) Part: [a litle more... fo strcwiral particle wed after | eahecines 1 deni th conpartve dere] 15. (pang dT a ava. 'SE: | Cheaper, please! fae 16.|gei RAG) ‘Ady: | quite; fairly 17. [zit HF Guz) N: | discount (the number before indicates the Fraction to be paid in tenths} discount of 10 percent [9/10th ofthe original priced 19. | dak 4% all right; okay; fine used to express approval or permission} 20, (dak th dak aa? ose? 21. (hou kia Fok. okay; fine (used to express agreement] Is it okay? (70 seek approval or permission] 176 Key for tones: st’ si*si'si* si st24, Raat “8 *& aiz6eng %) 1. bel AH Go sik 9) “Ws | 10 give; to pay (e.g bél fn ngd) | |N: PN Jews Gal, )& short form for credit card ‘To request or invite the addressee fo do as he/she pleases e.g. cng o80i bin tél Ida (Please feel free to look around!) (céng) + céoibin + Verbalphrase + laa! (as one please) (to have a sit) (to take) (to ask) (t0 eat) (to drink) (to have a try) 2 To express whether something is worth it or worth doing with “dai” e.g, nT gé paai z{ j! gaa daiai g4am gaa, héu dai méal gaa! (This bri és currently onsale it's great bul) SentenceTopic + (hou +) (Adv of degree) |. AT gd séeng g&i_ (this camera) (to buy) . da caian tng ga j8 (the food in HK style café) (to eat) . ni dbu gé gaa f (the coffee here) (to drink) Hdeng Beg g@ dik sf (the taxi in Hong Kong) (to ride)‘Lesson 13 3. To express a higher degree than is expected with “taai” e.g. $61 cin man taal gwai laa. (KS 4000! 1s t00 expensive.) Sentence Topie + taal + Adjective (+ laa). 41. Hoeng G6ng (Hong Kong) 4 (small) 2,daai (big) 3.d5 (many, alot) 4, (a few, a little) 2. nt gin sam (this clothes) 3, ZOng Gwok gé jn (people in China) 4, ting c cdeng (carpark) 4, To state the comparative degree with “di” eg. péng di taal (Cheaper please!) Sentence Topic + Adjective + dt. 41. gam jat (today) 4. dling (cold) 2. cda can téng (HK style café) 2. peng (cheap) 3. sing kéi jt (Sunday) 3. dak haan (have free time) 4, hai HOeng Gong dik sju (studying in HK) } | 4.hdism — (happy) 176 oo REE si sit si? siLesson 13, 5, To seck approval or permission using the tag question “dak rh dak aa?” eg, Q: 1. géu zit dik mh dak aa? (Please give me 10% discount, okay?) 2. ngd béi kBat néi, dak m dak aa? (I'M pay you by credit card. Ts that okay?) Ac Yes: Gk. (mBu MBn tBi,) (Okay. No problem.) No: th dk. (No, it's not okay.) Q: Request + dak mh dak da? 1. néi gaau ng6 Zing Man {you teach me Chinese) 2. nbi céng ngd ja Jam gaa fe fe (you treat me to a coffee) 3. ngb ji gaa héoi sai sau gaan (7 g0 19 washroom now) 4.ngé zéu sin (leave first) » dak th, dak Ba ?, eines, aes 6. To bargain and ask for discount (Cheaper please!) eg.2 jfumdu zit aa? (Us there any discount?) eg.3 ji gaa {re there any bg sales now) eg.4 géu zit dak mh dak ga? (Please give me 10% discount, okay?) Nu + zit + dak mh dak aa? (50% off) (40% off) (30% off} (20% off) iSCR ANRNaTe Lesson 13 7. To use the verb “béi” (to pay; to give) e.g. ngd béi kaat nél, dak th dak ae? (ll pay you by eredir card. I that okay?) | géi d6 gin aa? do J need to pay?) eg. 3. n8ijiubél + Amows + man. f (You have o pay ..dolars,) | b) To give something to somebody echo occas [Pesom * bo * [Qiu + a0 +Now) + Barons ee eeiDicl Obie) dnarect 8d 4.fdubéan (boss) 2. ni ow) 3.maa maa — (mother) 4, bOk sang (student) 5. ngd dei (us) 1. n8i (you) 2.16u béan (boss) 3. baa baa (father) 4, ust (teacher) 5. zik jyun (shop assistant) 4. jat bol gaa fe (a cup of coffee} 2. jat baak man (one hundred dollars) 3, Jat gaa c& (acar) 4, hou 66 gling f(a lot of homework) 5, jat gO cdi pai (a menu) Wakeman th gdi néi bei as ean at 3: 8. To emphasize one’s gratitude using “saai” do z6 sai. (Thank you very much!) th gdi saai. (Thank you very much!) v8 ai of sist’ st? STLesson 13, Q: ni sdeng m&ai mat jé s4u séon aa? Az ng s6eng maai i Chinese tea T shirt “3” clothes; garment eam “Eleather goods yO psi gio A ce 9. Chinese clothing [ang sik fak Zong # AME 10. Chinese assorted cakes Zang stk béng sik PAM . Chinese tableware Zang sik sik géol FAR 12. handicrafis sau ging ngai ban #1. #2 13. embroideries oh sau ban ‘sau biu 3k 15. jewellery “fsau sik &# 16. goldjewellery 7 gam sik 245 Tj ret 20. key holders [so si kau SARE © gu aon” in Cantonese includes food of thing taken, bought or ceived a a gift afer a teip to remind ‘one of place oF an event. For more information about souvenirs and shopping places in HK you can go to Kev for tones: 179 st sf si? si? st® si®Lesson 13 Q: n&l zing ji mat jé ngdan sik aa? Az ngé zing fi stk. ndi jau mou, sik gaa? Tred hung stk 42 & 3. orange YT cdang stk ee asevelew ieee wong sik #@ : ~ re ‘yellowish green 6 blue 7. purple & Black aksik @& ae 9 white” [ baaksik @& Wgey foisik RE gold 2a 12, silver ngan sik #& ea “Bebrom gaa stk hes Oakae | gaa dial maa joka | i . | mia ke | : |z0"a de pag CCS | Heeaeaeeat) gen mickelcoeam iter eae : ia {980 sai mia win T sai si Free wet ‘| ieottet| rencettiit [it go maa — tay ;Lesson 13 1. Translate the folowing into Cantonese. 1) Lwould like to buy an Octopus card 2) This camera is only $1,000. It’s worth it 3) Are there any better ones? 4) Can you give me a better price, please? 5) Twant to have a try. Ts that okay? 6) Tony is too busy. He has no free time. 2. Add the words in the brackets to the following sentences by placing “4” at appropriate positions, e.g. ngd hai Gwok Zai Daai hok ‘ hOk sang. ( ge) 1) cng sTk dim sam laa. (céoi bin) 2) ng& ju jat zdeng séon jing kaat. (sdeng) 3) i gaa ju daai gam gaa, hou dai gaa. (maai®) 4) ni gin sdam daai. (taai) 5) ni go séeng gai pang gaa. (a6i) 6) ngé héu ating ji nv go coat g8i, bat gwo gwai, (di) 7) ngd séeng maai jat go séu bru. (hung sTk gé) 8) (Su sT béi 26 jat dT ging fo. (ngb déiy Kev for sores: 18 st’ sisi sif si si*_ Lesson 14 ‘Taking public transportation Learning Objectives . To ask what kind of transportation one should take . To ask and tell the method of moving from one place to another . To ask “Do you know..." ‘Yo tell the route or terminus of transportation « ‘To inform the driver where to get off a car ngé.sdeng héoi Zing Waan, daap géi d6 hou siu baa aa? daap baat hou waak 26 ji s8p baat hou laa mg Zi D&i Gwong Céeng, jau idk. 182 Koy for tones: st" sisi si* si? si?“3 Lesson Jd @co-17%4 Army asks Zing-Zing how to get to Centra, Aimy: Zing-Zing: Aan: Zing-Zing: Amy: Zing-Zing: Zing- Zing, ndi mui int daap mat j8 8 f8an hok gaa? i te @ x Eg @ Be (Zing: Es veh transportation é you take ee school every day?) ng6 Uk kéi hai ddai hdk FU gan, Bh Be mK 8 HE (My home is near the university, 86 JT th s4i daap cé. mb ee me i therefore T don't need to take any transportation. ngé miti jat hdang ldu faan hdk gé. * © HF Bm Bm. (walk to school every day) néi zi mh zi jau nt dbu héoi Zng Waan, K MR OR daap géi do nau siu baa aa? i & hs 2 (Bo you eee of minibus I should take to Central from here?) baat hdu siu baa gé zing zam i Daal wal Tang, Kb Bi fuainagn eran ieay aa it sap baat neu sing Zang Waan d&i tit zaam + ik wos the No, 28. ee i the aoc iiae héoi Tung 8 waan. nt sdeng héoi Zang Waan bin dou aa? x a Bae 2 og oF Gast cael me as iimeepecey 7 98 sdeng éol wai Fong Ngan Hong zing héng. 8 4 iecaaes ASBC heals) gam, hai bin dou tk cé a? « s © Bm oF (atest en off?) hai Zi Di Gwong Céeng lok c@ Jaa. Sf eR Om ote (You should get off at the Landmark.) nai waa: 'm géi si géi, Be em ie Zi D&i Gwéng Coeng, jau lok. ; ee & 8 » A we, (rou say, “Driver, I nant to get off at the Landmark, please.” zau dak laak, te then it be fine.) Key for tone 143 SP slat slot? st?